1 //===- llvm/lib/Target/X86/X86CallLowering.cpp - Call lowering ------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 /// \file
10 /// This file implements the lowering of LLVM calls to machine code calls for
11 /// GlobalISel.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #include "X86CallLowering.h"
16 #include "X86CallingConv.h"
17 #include "X86ISelLowering.h"
18 #include "X86InstrInfo.h"
19 #include "X86RegisterInfo.h"
20 #include "X86Subtarget.h"
21 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
22 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
23 #include "llvm/CodeGen/Analysis.h"
24 #include "llvm/CodeGen/CallingConvLower.h"
25 #include "llvm/CodeGen/GlobalISel/MachineIRBuilder.h"
26 #include "llvm/CodeGen/GlobalISel/Utils.h"
27 #include "llvm/CodeGen/LowLevelType.h"
28 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineBasicBlock.h"
29 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFrameInfo.h"
30 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunction.h"
31 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineInstrBuilder.h"
32 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineMemOperand.h"
33 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineOperand.h"
34 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineRegisterInfo.h"
35 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetInstrInfo.h"
36 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetSubtargetInfo.h"
37 #include "llvm/CodeGen/ValueTypes.h"
38 #include "llvm/IR/Attributes.h"
39 #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
40 #include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
41 #include "llvm/IR/Value.h"
42 #include "llvm/MC/MCRegisterInfo.h"
43 #include "llvm/Support/LowLevelTypeImpl.h"
44 #include "llvm/Support/MachineValueType.h"
45 #include <cassert>
46 #include <cstdint>
47 
48 using namespace llvm;
49 
50 X86CallLowering::X86CallLowering(const X86TargetLowering &TLI)
51     : CallLowering(&TLI) {}
52 
53 bool X86CallLowering::splitToValueTypes(const ArgInfo &OrigArg,
54                                         SmallVectorImpl<ArgInfo> &SplitArgs,
55                                         const DataLayout &DL,
56                                         MachineRegisterInfo &MRI,
57                                         SplitArgTy PerformArgSplit) const {
58   const X86TargetLowering &TLI = *getTLI<X86TargetLowering>();
59   LLVMContext &Context = OrigArg.Ty->getContext();
60 
61   SmallVector<EVT, 4> SplitVTs;
62   SmallVector<uint64_t, 4> Offsets;
63   ComputeValueVTs(TLI, DL, OrigArg.Ty, SplitVTs, &Offsets, 0);
64 
65   if (OrigArg.Ty->isVoidTy())
66     return true;
67 
68   EVT VT = SplitVTs[0];
69   unsigned NumParts = TLI.getNumRegisters(Context, VT);
70 
71   if (NumParts == 1) {
72     // replace the original type ( pointer -> GPR ).
73     SplitArgs.emplace_back(OrigArg.Reg, VT.getTypeForEVT(Context),
74                            OrigArg.Flags, OrigArg.IsFixed);
75     return true;
76   }
77 
78   SmallVector<unsigned, 8> SplitRegs;
79 
80   EVT PartVT = TLI.getRegisterType(Context, VT);
81   Type *PartTy = PartVT.getTypeForEVT(Context);
82 
83   for (unsigned i = 0; i < NumParts; ++i) {
84     ArgInfo Info =
85         ArgInfo{MRI.createGenericVirtualRegister(getLLTForType(*PartTy, DL)),
86                 PartTy, OrigArg.Flags};
87     SplitArgs.push_back(Info);
88     SplitRegs.push_back(Info.Reg);
89   }
90 
91   PerformArgSplit(SplitRegs);
92   return true;
93 }
94 
95 namespace {
96 
97 struct OutgoingValueHandler : public CallLowering::ValueHandler {
98   OutgoingValueHandler(MachineIRBuilder &MIRBuilder, MachineRegisterInfo &MRI,
99                        MachineInstrBuilder &MIB, CCAssignFn *AssignFn)
100       : ValueHandler(MIRBuilder, MRI, AssignFn), MIB(MIB),
101         DL(MIRBuilder.getMF().getDataLayout()),
102         STI(MIRBuilder.getMF().getSubtarget<X86Subtarget>()) {}
103 
104   unsigned getStackAddress(uint64_t Size, int64_t Offset,
105                            MachinePointerInfo &MPO) override {
106     LLT p0 = LLT::pointer(0, DL.getPointerSizeInBits(0));
107     LLT SType = LLT::scalar(DL.getPointerSizeInBits(0));
108     unsigned SPReg = MRI.createGenericVirtualRegister(p0);
109     MIRBuilder.buildCopy(SPReg, STI.getRegisterInfo()->getStackRegister());
110 
111     unsigned OffsetReg = MRI.createGenericVirtualRegister(SType);
112     MIRBuilder.buildConstant(OffsetReg, Offset);
113 
114     unsigned AddrReg = MRI.createGenericVirtualRegister(p0);
115     MIRBuilder.buildGEP(AddrReg, SPReg, OffsetReg);
116 
117     MPO = MachinePointerInfo::getStack(MIRBuilder.getMF(), Offset);
118     return AddrReg;
119   }
120 
121   void assignValueToReg(unsigned ValVReg, unsigned PhysReg,
122                         CCValAssign &VA) override {
123     MIB.addUse(PhysReg, RegState::Implicit);
124 
125     unsigned ExtReg;
126     // If we are copying the value to a physical register with the
127     // size larger than the size of the value itself - build AnyExt
128     // to the size of the register first and only then do the copy.
129     // The example of that would be copying from s32 to xmm0, for which
130     // case ValVT == LocVT == MVT::f32. If LocSize and ValSize are not equal
131     // we expect normal extendRegister mechanism to work.
132     unsigned PhysRegSize =
133         MRI.getTargetRegisterInfo()->getRegSizeInBits(PhysReg, MRI);
134     unsigned ValSize = VA.getValVT().getSizeInBits();
135     unsigned LocSize = VA.getLocVT().getSizeInBits();
136     if (PhysRegSize > ValSize && LocSize == ValSize) {
137       assert((PhysRegSize == 128 || PhysRegSize == 80)  && "We expect that to be 128 bit");
138       auto MIB = MIRBuilder.buildAnyExt(LLT::scalar(PhysRegSize), ValVReg);
139       ExtReg = MIB->getOperand(0).getReg();
140     } else
141       ExtReg = extendRegister(ValVReg, VA);
142 
143     MIRBuilder.buildCopy(PhysReg, ExtReg);
144   }
145 
146   void assignValueToAddress(unsigned ValVReg, unsigned Addr, uint64_t Size,
147                             MachinePointerInfo &MPO, CCValAssign &VA) override {
148     unsigned ExtReg = extendRegister(ValVReg, VA);
149     auto MMO = MIRBuilder.getMF().getMachineMemOperand(
150         MPO, MachineMemOperand::MOStore, VA.getLocVT().getStoreSize(),
151         /* Alignment */ 1);
152     MIRBuilder.buildStore(ExtReg, Addr, *MMO);
153   }
154 
155   bool assignArg(unsigned ValNo, MVT ValVT, MVT LocVT,
156                  CCValAssign::LocInfo LocInfo,
157                  const CallLowering::ArgInfo &Info, CCState &State) override {
158     bool Res = AssignFn(ValNo, ValVT, LocVT, LocInfo, Info.Flags, State);
159     StackSize = State.getNextStackOffset();
160 
161     static const MCPhysReg XMMArgRegs[] = {X86::XMM0, X86::XMM1, X86::XMM2,
162                                            X86::XMM3, X86::XMM4, X86::XMM5,
163                                            X86::XMM6, X86::XMM7};
164     if (!Info.IsFixed)
165       NumXMMRegs = State.getFirstUnallocated(XMMArgRegs);
166 
167     return Res;
168   }
169 
170   uint64_t getStackSize() { return StackSize; }
171   uint64_t getNumXmmRegs() { return NumXMMRegs; }
172 
173 protected:
174   MachineInstrBuilder &MIB;
175   uint64_t StackSize = 0;
176   const DataLayout &DL;
177   const X86Subtarget &STI;
178   unsigned NumXMMRegs = 0;
179 };
180 
181 } // end anonymous namespace
182 
183 bool X86CallLowering::lowerReturn(
184     MachineIRBuilder &MIRBuilder, const Value *Val,
185     ArrayRef<unsigned> VRegs) const {
186   assert(((Val && !VRegs.empty()) || (!Val && VRegs.empty())) &&
187          "Return value without a vreg");
188   auto MIB = MIRBuilder.buildInstrNoInsert(X86::RET).addImm(0);
189 
190   if (!VRegs.empty()) {
191     MachineFunction &MF = MIRBuilder.getMF();
192     const Function &F = MF.getFunction();
193     MachineRegisterInfo &MRI = MF.getRegInfo();
194     auto &DL = MF.getDataLayout();
195     LLVMContext &Ctx = Val->getType()->getContext();
196     const X86TargetLowering &TLI = *getTLI<X86TargetLowering>();
197 
198     SmallVector<EVT, 4> SplitEVTs;
199     ComputeValueVTs(TLI, DL, Val->getType(), SplitEVTs);
200     assert(VRegs.size() == SplitEVTs.size() &&
201            "For each split Type there should be exactly one VReg.");
202 
203     SmallVector<ArgInfo, 8> SplitArgs;
204     for (unsigned i = 0; i < SplitEVTs.size(); ++i) {
205       ArgInfo CurArgInfo = ArgInfo{VRegs[i], SplitEVTs[i].getTypeForEVT(Ctx)};
206       setArgFlags(CurArgInfo, AttributeList::ReturnIndex, DL, F);
207       if (!splitToValueTypes(CurArgInfo, SplitArgs, DL, MRI,
208                              [&](ArrayRef<unsigned> Regs) {
209                                MIRBuilder.buildUnmerge(Regs, VRegs[i]);
210                              }))
211         return false;
212     }
213 
214     OutgoingValueHandler Handler(MIRBuilder, MRI, MIB, RetCC_X86);
215     if (!handleAssignments(MIRBuilder, SplitArgs, Handler))
216       return false;
217   }
218 
219   MIRBuilder.insertInstr(MIB);
220   return true;
221 }
222 
223 namespace {
224 
225 struct IncomingValueHandler : public CallLowering::ValueHandler {
226   IncomingValueHandler(MachineIRBuilder &MIRBuilder, MachineRegisterInfo &MRI,
227                        CCAssignFn *AssignFn)
228       : ValueHandler(MIRBuilder, MRI, AssignFn),
229         DL(MIRBuilder.getMF().getDataLayout()) {}
230 
231   unsigned getStackAddress(uint64_t Size, int64_t Offset,
232                            MachinePointerInfo &MPO) override {
233     auto &MFI = MIRBuilder.getMF().getFrameInfo();
234     int FI = MFI.CreateFixedObject(Size, Offset, true);
235     MPO = MachinePointerInfo::getFixedStack(MIRBuilder.getMF(), FI);
236 
237     unsigned AddrReg = MRI.createGenericVirtualRegister(
238         LLT::pointer(0, DL.getPointerSizeInBits(0)));
239     MIRBuilder.buildFrameIndex(AddrReg, FI);
240     return AddrReg;
241   }
242 
243   void assignValueToAddress(unsigned ValVReg, unsigned Addr, uint64_t Size,
244                             MachinePointerInfo &MPO, CCValAssign &VA) override {
245     auto MMO = MIRBuilder.getMF().getMachineMemOperand(
246         MPO, MachineMemOperand::MOLoad | MachineMemOperand::MOInvariant, Size,
247         1);
248     MIRBuilder.buildLoad(ValVReg, Addr, *MMO);
249   }
250 
251   void assignValueToReg(unsigned ValVReg, unsigned PhysReg,
252                         CCValAssign &VA) override {
253     markPhysRegUsed(PhysReg);
254 
255     switch (VA.getLocInfo()) {
256     default: {
257       // If we are copying the value from a physical register with the
258       // size larger than the size of the value itself - build the copy
259       // of the phys reg first and then build the truncation of that copy.
260       // The example of that would be copying from xmm0 to s32, for which
261       // case ValVT == LocVT == MVT::f32. If LocSize and ValSize are not equal
262       // we expect this to be handled in SExt/ZExt/AExt case.
263       unsigned PhysRegSize =
264           MRI.getTargetRegisterInfo()->getRegSizeInBits(PhysReg, MRI);
265       unsigned ValSize = VA.getValVT().getSizeInBits();
266       unsigned LocSize = VA.getLocVT().getSizeInBits();
267       if (PhysRegSize > ValSize && LocSize == ValSize) {
268         auto Copy = MIRBuilder.buildCopy(LLT::scalar(PhysRegSize), PhysReg);
269         MIRBuilder.buildTrunc(ValVReg, Copy);
270         return;
271       }
272 
273       MIRBuilder.buildCopy(ValVReg, PhysReg);
274       break;
275     }
276     case CCValAssign::LocInfo::SExt:
277     case CCValAssign::LocInfo::ZExt:
278     case CCValAssign::LocInfo::AExt: {
279       auto Copy = MIRBuilder.buildCopy(LLT{VA.getLocVT()}, PhysReg);
280       MIRBuilder.buildTrunc(ValVReg, Copy);
281       break;
282     }
283     }
284   }
285 
286   /// How the physical register gets marked varies between formal
287   /// parameters (it's a basic-block live-in), and a call instruction
288   /// (it's an implicit-def of the BL).
289   virtual void markPhysRegUsed(unsigned PhysReg) = 0;
290 
291 protected:
292   const DataLayout &DL;
293 };
294 
295 struct FormalArgHandler : public IncomingValueHandler {
296   FormalArgHandler(MachineIRBuilder &MIRBuilder, MachineRegisterInfo &MRI,
297                    CCAssignFn *AssignFn)
298       : IncomingValueHandler(MIRBuilder, MRI, AssignFn) {}
299 
300   void markPhysRegUsed(unsigned PhysReg) override {
301     MIRBuilder.getMBB().addLiveIn(PhysReg);
302   }
303 };
304 
305 struct CallReturnHandler : public IncomingValueHandler {
306   CallReturnHandler(MachineIRBuilder &MIRBuilder, MachineRegisterInfo &MRI,
307                     CCAssignFn *AssignFn, MachineInstrBuilder &MIB)
308       : IncomingValueHandler(MIRBuilder, MRI, AssignFn), MIB(MIB) {}
309 
310   void markPhysRegUsed(unsigned PhysReg) override {
311     MIB.addDef(PhysReg, RegState::Implicit);
312   }
313 
314 protected:
315   MachineInstrBuilder &MIB;
316 };
317 
318 } // end anonymous namespace
319 
320 bool X86CallLowering::lowerFormalArguments(MachineIRBuilder &MIRBuilder,
321                                            const Function &F,
322                                            ArrayRef<unsigned> VRegs) const {
323   if (F.arg_empty())
324     return true;
325 
326   // TODO: handle variadic function
327   if (F.isVarArg())
328     return false;
329 
330   MachineFunction &MF = MIRBuilder.getMF();
331   MachineRegisterInfo &MRI = MF.getRegInfo();
332   auto DL = MF.getDataLayout();
333 
334   SmallVector<ArgInfo, 8> SplitArgs;
335   unsigned Idx = 0;
336   for (auto &Arg : F.args()) {
337 
338     // TODO: handle not simple cases.
339     if (Arg.hasAttribute(Attribute::ByVal) ||
340         Arg.hasAttribute(Attribute::InReg) ||
341         Arg.hasAttribute(Attribute::StructRet) ||
342         Arg.hasAttribute(Attribute::SwiftSelf) ||
343         Arg.hasAttribute(Attribute::SwiftError) ||
344         Arg.hasAttribute(Attribute::Nest))
345       return false;
346 
347     ArgInfo OrigArg(VRegs[Idx], Arg.getType());
348     setArgFlags(OrigArg, Idx + AttributeList::FirstArgIndex, DL, F);
349     if (!splitToValueTypes(OrigArg, SplitArgs, DL, MRI,
350                            [&](ArrayRef<unsigned> Regs) {
351                              MIRBuilder.buildMerge(VRegs[Idx], Regs);
352                            }))
353       return false;
354     Idx++;
355   }
356 
357   MachineBasicBlock &MBB = MIRBuilder.getMBB();
358   if (!MBB.empty())
359     MIRBuilder.setInstr(*MBB.begin());
360 
361   FormalArgHandler Handler(MIRBuilder, MRI, CC_X86);
362   if (!handleAssignments(MIRBuilder, SplitArgs, Handler))
363     return false;
364 
365   // Move back to the end of the basic block.
366   MIRBuilder.setMBB(MBB);
367 
368   return true;
369 }
370 
371 bool X86CallLowering::lowerCall(MachineIRBuilder &MIRBuilder,
372                                 CallingConv::ID CallConv,
373                                 const MachineOperand &Callee,
374                                 const ArgInfo &OrigRet,
375                                 ArrayRef<ArgInfo> OrigArgs) const {
376   MachineFunction &MF = MIRBuilder.getMF();
377   const Function &F = MF.getFunction();
378   MachineRegisterInfo &MRI = MF.getRegInfo();
379   auto &DL = F.getParent()->getDataLayout();
380   const X86Subtarget &STI = MF.getSubtarget<X86Subtarget>();
381   const TargetInstrInfo &TII = *STI.getInstrInfo();
382   auto TRI = STI.getRegisterInfo();
383 
384   // Handle only Linux C, X86_64_SysV calling conventions for now.
385   if (!STI.isTargetLinux() ||
386       !(CallConv == CallingConv::C || CallConv == CallingConv::X86_64_SysV))
387     return false;
388 
389   unsigned AdjStackDown = TII.getCallFrameSetupOpcode();
390   auto CallSeqStart = MIRBuilder.buildInstr(AdjStackDown);
391 
392   // Create a temporarily-floating call instruction so we can add the implicit
393   // uses of arg registers.
394   bool Is64Bit = STI.is64Bit();
395   unsigned CallOpc = Callee.isReg()
396                          ? (Is64Bit ? X86::CALL64r : X86::CALL32r)
397                          : (Is64Bit ? X86::CALL64pcrel32 : X86::CALLpcrel32);
398 
399   auto MIB = MIRBuilder.buildInstrNoInsert(CallOpc).add(Callee).addRegMask(
400       TRI->getCallPreservedMask(MF, CallConv));
401 
402   SmallVector<ArgInfo, 8> SplitArgs;
403   for (const auto &OrigArg : OrigArgs) {
404 
405     // TODO: handle not simple cases.
406     if (OrigArg.Flags.isByVal())
407       return false;
408 
409     if (!splitToValueTypes(OrigArg, SplitArgs, DL, MRI,
410                            [&](ArrayRef<unsigned> Regs) {
411                              MIRBuilder.buildUnmerge(Regs, OrigArg.Reg);
412                            }))
413       return false;
414   }
415   // Do the actual argument marshalling.
416   OutgoingValueHandler Handler(MIRBuilder, MRI, MIB, CC_X86);
417   if (!handleAssignments(MIRBuilder, SplitArgs, Handler))
418     return false;
419 
420   bool IsFixed = OrigArgs.empty() ? true : OrigArgs.back().IsFixed;
421   if (STI.is64Bit() && !IsFixed && !STI.isCallingConvWin64(CallConv)) {
422     // From AMD64 ABI document:
423     // For calls that may call functions that use varargs or stdargs
424     // (prototype-less calls or calls to functions containing ellipsis (...) in
425     // the declaration) %al is used as hidden argument to specify the number
426     // of SSE registers used. The contents of %al do not need to match exactly
427     // the number of registers, but must be an ubound on the number of SSE
428     // registers used and is in the range 0 - 8 inclusive.
429 
430     MIRBuilder.buildInstr(X86::MOV8ri)
431         .addDef(X86::AL)
432         .addImm(Handler.getNumXmmRegs());
433     MIB.addUse(X86::AL, RegState::Implicit);
434   }
435 
436   // Now we can add the actual call instruction to the correct basic block.
437   MIRBuilder.insertInstr(MIB);
438 
439   // If Callee is a reg, since it is used by a target specific
440   // instruction, it must have a register class matching the
441   // constraint of that instruction.
442   if (Callee.isReg())
443     MIB->getOperand(0).setReg(constrainOperandRegClass(
444         MF, *TRI, MRI, *MF.getSubtarget().getInstrInfo(),
445         *MF.getSubtarget().getRegBankInfo(), *MIB, MIB->getDesc(), Callee, 0));
446 
447   // Finally we can copy the returned value back into its virtual-register. In
448   // symmetry with the arguments, the physical register must be an
449   // implicit-define of the call instruction.
450 
451   if (OrigRet.Reg) {
452     SplitArgs.clear();
453     SmallVector<unsigned, 8> NewRegs;
454 
455     if (!splitToValueTypes(OrigRet, SplitArgs, DL, MRI,
456                            [&](ArrayRef<unsigned> Regs) {
457                              NewRegs.assign(Regs.begin(), Regs.end());
458                            }))
459       return false;
460 
461     CallReturnHandler Handler(MIRBuilder, MRI, RetCC_X86, MIB);
462     if (!handleAssignments(MIRBuilder, SplitArgs, Handler))
463       return false;
464 
465     if (!NewRegs.empty())
466       MIRBuilder.buildMerge(OrigRet.Reg, NewRegs);
467   }
468 
469   CallSeqStart.addImm(Handler.getStackSize())
470       .addImm(0 /* see getFrameTotalSize */)
471       .addImm(0 /* see getFrameAdjustment */);
472 
473   unsigned AdjStackUp = TII.getCallFrameDestroyOpcode();
474   MIRBuilder.buildInstr(AdjStackUp)
475       .addImm(Handler.getStackSize())
476       .addImm(0 /* NumBytesForCalleeToPop */);
477 
478   return true;
479 }
480