1 //===-- X86AsmBackend.cpp - X86 Assembler Backend -------------------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #include "MCTargetDesc/X86BaseInfo.h"
11 #include "MCTargetDesc/X86FixupKinds.h"
12 #include "llvm/ADT/StringSwitch.h"
13 #include "llvm/BinaryFormat/ELF.h"
14 #include "llvm/BinaryFormat/MachO.h"
15 #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmBackend.h"
16 #include "llvm/MC/MCELFObjectWriter.h"
17 #include "llvm/MC/MCExpr.h"
18 #include "llvm/MC/MCFixupKindInfo.h"
19 #include "llvm/MC/MCInst.h"
20 #include "llvm/MC/MCMachObjectWriter.h"
21 #include "llvm/MC/MCObjectWriter.h"
22 #include "llvm/MC/MCRegisterInfo.h"
23 #include "llvm/MC/MCSectionMachO.h"
24 #include "llvm/MC/MCSubtargetInfo.h"
25 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
26 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
27 using namespace llvm;
28 
29 static unsigned getFixupKindLog2Size(unsigned Kind) {
30   switch (Kind) {
31   default:
32     llvm_unreachable("invalid fixup kind!");
33   case FK_PCRel_1:
34   case FK_SecRel_1:
35   case FK_Data_1:
36     return 0;
37   case FK_PCRel_2:
38   case FK_SecRel_2:
39   case FK_Data_2:
40     return 1;
41   case FK_PCRel_4:
42   case X86::reloc_riprel_4byte:
43   case X86::reloc_riprel_4byte_relax:
44   case X86::reloc_riprel_4byte_relax_rex:
45   case X86::reloc_riprel_4byte_movq_load:
46   case X86::reloc_signed_4byte:
47   case X86::reloc_signed_4byte_relax:
48   case X86::reloc_global_offset_table:
49   case FK_SecRel_4:
50   case FK_Data_4:
51     return 2;
52   case FK_PCRel_8:
53   case FK_SecRel_8:
54   case FK_Data_8:
55   case X86::reloc_global_offset_table8:
56     return 3;
57   }
58 }
59 
60 namespace {
61 
62 class X86ELFObjectWriter : public MCELFObjectTargetWriter {
63 public:
64   X86ELFObjectWriter(bool is64Bit, uint8_t OSABI, uint16_t EMachine,
65                      bool HasRelocationAddend, bool foobar)
66     : MCELFObjectTargetWriter(is64Bit, OSABI, EMachine, HasRelocationAddend) {}
67 };
68 
69 class X86AsmBackend : public MCAsmBackend {
70   const MCSubtargetInfo &STI;
71 public:
72   X86AsmBackend(const Target &T, const MCSubtargetInfo &STI)
73       : MCAsmBackend(), STI(STI) {}
74 
75   unsigned getNumFixupKinds() const override {
76     return X86::NumTargetFixupKinds;
77   }
78 
79   const MCFixupKindInfo &getFixupKindInfo(MCFixupKind Kind) const override {
80     const static MCFixupKindInfo Infos[X86::NumTargetFixupKinds] = {
81         {"reloc_riprel_4byte", 0, 32, MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsPCRel},
82         {"reloc_riprel_4byte_movq_load", 0, 32, MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsPCRel},
83         {"reloc_riprel_4byte_relax", 0, 32, MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsPCRel},
84         {"reloc_riprel_4byte_relax_rex", 0, 32, MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsPCRel},
85         {"reloc_signed_4byte", 0, 32, 0},
86         {"reloc_signed_4byte_relax", 0, 32, 0},
87         {"reloc_global_offset_table", 0, 32, 0},
88         {"reloc_global_offset_table8", 0, 64, 0},
89     };
90 
91     if (Kind < FirstTargetFixupKind)
92       return MCAsmBackend::getFixupKindInfo(Kind);
93 
94     assert(unsigned(Kind - FirstTargetFixupKind) < getNumFixupKinds() &&
95            "Invalid kind!");
96     return Infos[Kind - FirstTargetFixupKind];
97   }
98 
99   void applyFixup(const MCAssembler &Asm, const MCFixup &Fixup,
100                   const MCValue &Target, MutableArrayRef<char> Data,
101                   uint64_t Value, bool IsResolved) const override {
102     unsigned Size = 1 << getFixupKindLog2Size(Fixup.getKind());
103 
104     assert(Fixup.getOffset() + Size <= Data.size() && "Invalid fixup offset!");
105 
106     // Check that uppper bits are either all zeros or all ones.
107     // Specifically ignore overflow/underflow as long as the leakage is
108     // limited to the lower bits. This is to remain compatible with
109     // other assemblers.
110     assert(isIntN(Size * 8 + 1, Value) &&
111            "Value does not fit in the Fixup field");
112 
113     for (unsigned i = 0; i != Size; ++i)
114       Data[Fixup.getOffset() + i] = uint8_t(Value >> (i * 8));
115   }
116 
117   bool mayNeedRelaxation(const MCInst &Inst) const override;
118 
119   bool fixupNeedsRelaxation(const MCFixup &Fixup, uint64_t Value,
120                             const MCRelaxableFragment *DF,
121                             const MCAsmLayout &Layout) const override;
122 
123   void relaxInstruction(const MCInst &Inst, const MCSubtargetInfo &STI,
124                         MCInst &Res) const override;
125 
126   bool writeNopData(uint64_t Count, MCObjectWriter *OW) const override;
127 };
128 } // end anonymous namespace
129 
130 static unsigned getRelaxedOpcodeBranch(const MCInst &Inst, bool is16BitMode) {
131   unsigned Op = Inst.getOpcode();
132   switch (Op) {
133   default:
134     return Op;
135   case X86::JAE_1:
136     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JAE_2 : X86::JAE_4;
137   case X86::JA_1:
138     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JA_2 : X86::JA_4;
139   case X86::JBE_1:
140     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JBE_2 : X86::JBE_4;
141   case X86::JB_1:
142     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JB_2 : X86::JB_4;
143   case X86::JE_1:
144     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JE_2 : X86::JE_4;
145   case X86::JGE_1:
146     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JGE_2 : X86::JGE_4;
147   case X86::JG_1:
148     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JG_2 : X86::JG_4;
149   case X86::JLE_1:
150     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JLE_2 : X86::JLE_4;
151   case X86::JL_1:
152     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JL_2 : X86::JL_4;
153   case X86::JMP_1:
154     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JMP_2 : X86::JMP_4;
155   case X86::JNE_1:
156     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JNE_2 : X86::JNE_4;
157   case X86::JNO_1:
158     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JNO_2 : X86::JNO_4;
159   case X86::JNP_1:
160     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JNP_2 : X86::JNP_4;
161   case X86::JNS_1:
162     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JNS_2 : X86::JNS_4;
163   case X86::JO_1:
164     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JO_2 : X86::JO_4;
165   case X86::JP_1:
166     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JP_2 : X86::JP_4;
167   case X86::JS_1:
168     return (is16BitMode) ? X86::JS_2 : X86::JS_4;
169   }
170 }
171 
172 static unsigned getRelaxedOpcodeArith(const MCInst &Inst) {
173   unsigned Op = Inst.getOpcode();
174   switch (Op) {
175   default:
176     return Op;
177 
178     // IMUL
179   case X86::IMUL16rri8: return X86::IMUL16rri;
180   case X86::IMUL16rmi8: return X86::IMUL16rmi;
181   case X86::IMUL32rri8: return X86::IMUL32rri;
182   case X86::IMUL32rmi8: return X86::IMUL32rmi;
183   case X86::IMUL64rri8: return X86::IMUL64rri32;
184   case X86::IMUL64rmi8: return X86::IMUL64rmi32;
185 
186     // AND
187   case X86::AND16ri8: return X86::AND16ri;
188   case X86::AND16mi8: return X86::AND16mi;
189   case X86::AND32ri8: return X86::AND32ri;
190   case X86::AND32mi8: return X86::AND32mi;
191   case X86::AND64ri8: return X86::AND64ri32;
192   case X86::AND64mi8: return X86::AND64mi32;
193 
194     // OR
195   case X86::OR16ri8: return X86::OR16ri;
196   case X86::OR16mi8: return X86::OR16mi;
197   case X86::OR32ri8: return X86::OR32ri;
198   case X86::OR32mi8: return X86::OR32mi;
199   case X86::OR64ri8: return X86::OR64ri32;
200   case X86::OR64mi8: return X86::OR64mi32;
201 
202     // XOR
203   case X86::XOR16ri8: return X86::XOR16ri;
204   case X86::XOR16mi8: return X86::XOR16mi;
205   case X86::XOR32ri8: return X86::XOR32ri;
206   case X86::XOR32mi8: return X86::XOR32mi;
207   case X86::XOR64ri8: return X86::XOR64ri32;
208   case X86::XOR64mi8: return X86::XOR64mi32;
209 
210     // ADD
211   case X86::ADD16ri8: return X86::ADD16ri;
212   case X86::ADD16mi8: return X86::ADD16mi;
213   case X86::ADD32ri8: return X86::ADD32ri;
214   case X86::ADD32mi8: return X86::ADD32mi;
215   case X86::ADD64ri8: return X86::ADD64ri32;
216   case X86::ADD64mi8: return X86::ADD64mi32;
217 
218    // ADC
219   case X86::ADC16ri8: return X86::ADC16ri;
220   case X86::ADC16mi8: return X86::ADC16mi;
221   case X86::ADC32ri8: return X86::ADC32ri;
222   case X86::ADC32mi8: return X86::ADC32mi;
223   case X86::ADC64ri8: return X86::ADC64ri32;
224   case X86::ADC64mi8: return X86::ADC64mi32;
225 
226     // SUB
227   case X86::SUB16ri8: return X86::SUB16ri;
228   case X86::SUB16mi8: return X86::SUB16mi;
229   case X86::SUB32ri8: return X86::SUB32ri;
230   case X86::SUB32mi8: return X86::SUB32mi;
231   case X86::SUB64ri8: return X86::SUB64ri32;
232   case X86::SUB64mi8: return X86::SUB64mi32;
233 
234    // SBB
235   case X86::SBB16ri8: return X86::SBB16ri;
236   case X86::SBB16mi8: return X86::SBB16mi;
237   case X86::SBB32ri8: return X86::SBB32ri;
238   case X86::SBB32mi8: return X86::SBB32mi;
239   case X86::SBB64ri8: return X86::SBB64ri32;
240   case X86::SBB64mi8: return X86::SBB64mi32;
241 
242     // CMP
243   case X86::CMP16ri8: return X86::CMP16ri;
244   case X86::CMP16mi8: return X86::CMP16mi;
245   case X86::CMP32ri8: return X86::CMP32ri;
246   case X86::CMP32mi8: return X86::CMP32mi;
247   case X86::CMP64ri8: return X86::CMP64ri32;
248   case X86::CMP64mi8: return X86::CMP64mi32;
249 
250     // PUSH
251   case X86::PUSH32i8:  return X86::PUSHi32;
252   case X86::PUSH16i8:  return X86::PUSHi16;
253   case X86::PUSH64i8:  return X86::PUSH64i32;
254   }
255 }
256 
257 static unsigned getRelaxedOpcode(const MCInst &Inst, bool is16BitMode) {
258   unsigned R = getRelaxedOpcodeArith(Inst);
259   if (R != Inst.getOpcode())
260     return R;
261   return getRelaxedOpcodeBranch(Inst, is16BitMode);
262 }
263 
264 bool X86AsmBackend::mayNeedRelaxation(const MCInst &Inst) const {
265   // Branches can always be relaxed in either mode.
266   if (getRelaxedOpcodeBranch(Inst, false) != Inst.getOpcode())
267     return true;
268 
269   // Check if this instruction is ever relaxable.
270   if (getRelaxedOpcodeArith(Inst) == Inst.getOpcode())
271     return false;
272 
273 
274   // Check if the relaxable operand has an expression. For the current set of
275   // relaxable instructions, the relaxable operand is always the last operand.
276   unsigned RelaxableOp = Inst.getNumOperands() - 1;
277   if (Inst.getOperand(RelaxableOp).isExpr())
278     return true;
279 
280   return false;
281 }
282 
283 bool X86AsmBackend::fixupNeedsRelaxation(const MCFixup &Fixup,
284                                          uint64_t Value,
285                                          const MCRelaxableFragment *DF,
286                                          const MCAsmLayout &Layout) const {
287   // Relax if the value is too big for a (signed) i8.
288   return int64_t(Value) != int64_t(int8_t(Value));
289 }
290 
291 // FIXME: Can tblgen help at all here to verify there aren't other instructions
292 // we can relax?
293 void X86AsmBackend::relaxInstruction(const MCInst &Inst,
294                                      const MCSubtargetInfo &STI,
295                                      MCInst &Res) const {
296   // The only relaxations X86 does is from a 1byte pcrel to a 4byte pcrel.
297   bool is16BitMode = STI.getFeatureBits()[X86::Mode16Bit];
298   unsigned RelaxedOp = getRelaxedOpcode(Inst, is16BitMode);
299 
300   if (RelaxedOp == Inst.getOpcode()) {
301     SmallString<256> Tmp;
302     raw_svector_ostream OS(Tmp);
303     Inst.dump_pretty(OS);
304     OS << "\n";
305     report_fatal_error("unexpected instruction to relax: " + OS.str());
306   }
307 
308   Res = Inst;
309   Res.setOpcode(RelaxedOp);
310 }
311 
312 /// \brief Write a sequence of optimal nops to the output, covering \p Count
313 /// bytes.
314 /// \return - true on success, false on failure
315 bool X86AsmBackend::writeNopData(uint64_t Count, MCObjectWriter *OW) const {
316   static const uint8_t Nops[10][10] = {
317     // nop
318     {0x90},
319     // xchg %ax,%ax
320     {0x66, 0x90},
321     // nopl (%[re]ax)
322     {0x0f, 0x1f, 0x00},
323     // nopl 0(%[re]ax)
324     {0x0f, 0x1f, 0x40, 0x00},
325     // nopl 0(%[re]ax,%[re]ax,1)
326     {0x0f, 0x1f, 0x44, 0x00, 0x00},
327     // nopw 0(%[re]ax,%[re]ax,1)
328     {0x66, 0x0f, 0x1f, 0x44, 0x00, 0x00},
329     // nopl 0L(%[re]ax)
330     {0x0f, 0x1f, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
331     // nopl 0L(%[re]ax,%[re]ax,1)
332     {0x0f, 0x1f, 0x84, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
333     // nopw 0L(%[re]ax,%[re]ax,1)
334     {0x66, 0x0f, 0x1f, 0x84, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
335     // nopw %cs:0L(%[re]ax,%[re]ax,1)
336     {0x66, 0x2e, 0x0f, 0x1f, 0x84, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
337   };
338 
339   // This CPU doesn't support long nops. If needed add more.
340   // FIXME: We could generated something better than plain 0x90.
341   if (!STI.getFeatureBits()[X86::FeatureNOPL]) {
342     for (uint64_t i = 0; i < Count; ++i)
343       OW->write8(0x90);
344     return true;
345   }
346 
347   // 15-bytes is the longest single NOP instruction, but 10-bytes is
348   // commonly the longest that can be efficiently decoded.
349   uint64_t MaxNopLength = 10;
350   if (STI.getFeatureBits()[X86::ProcIntelSLM])
351     MaxNopLength = 7;
352   else if (STI.getFeatureBits()[X86::FeatureFast15ByteNOP])
353     MaxNopLength = 15;
354   else if (STI.getFeatureBits()[X86::FeatureFast11ByteNOP])
355     MaxNopLength = 11;
356 
357   // Emit as many MaxNopLength NOPs as needed, then emit a NOP of the remaining
358   // length.
359   do {
360     const uint8_t ThisNopLength = (uint8_t) std::min(Count, MaxNopLength);
361     const uint8_t Prefixes = ThisNopLength <= 10 ? 0 : ThisNopLength - 10;
362     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < Prefixes; i++)
363       OW->write8(0x66);
364     const uint8_t Rest = ThisNopLength - Prefixes;
365     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < Rest; i++)
366       OW->write8(Nops[Rest - 1][i]);
367     Count -= ThisNopLength;
368   } while (Count != 0);
369 
370   return true;
371 }
372 
373 /* *** */
374 
375 namespace {
376 
377 class ELFX86AsmBackend : public X86AsmBackend {
378 public:
379   uint8_t OSABI;
380   ELFX86AsmBackend(const Target &T, uint8_t OSABI, const MCSubtargetInfo &STI)
381       : X86AsmBackend(T, STI), OSABI(OSABI) {}
382 };
383 
384 class ELFX86_32AsmBackend : public ELFX86AsmBackend {
385 public:
386   ELFX86_32AsmBackend(const Target &T, uint8_t OSABI,
387                       const MCSubtargetInfo &STI)
388     : ELFX86AsmBackend(T, OSABI, STI) {}
389 
390   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectWriter>
391   createObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS) const override {
392     return createX86ELFObjectWriter(OS, /*IsELF64*/ false, OSABI, ELF::EM_386);
393   }
394 };
395 
396 class ELFX86_X32AsmBackend : public ELFX86AsmBackend {
397 public:
398   ELFX86_X32AsmBackend(const Target &T, uint8_t OSABI,
399                        const MCSubtargetInfo &STI)
400       : ELFX86AsmBackend(T, OSABI, STI) {}
401 
402   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectWriter>
403   createObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS) const override {
404     return createX86ELFObjectWriter(OS, /*IsELF64*/ false, OSABI,
405                                     ELF::EM_X86_64);
406   }
407 };
408 
409 class ELFX86_IAMCUAsmBackend : public ELFX86AsmBackend {
410 public:
411   ELFX86_IAMCUAsmBackend(const Target &T, uint8_t OSABI,
412                          const MCSubtargetInfo &STI)
413       : ELFX86AsmBackend(T, OSABI, STI) {}
414 
415   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectWriter>
416   createObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS) const override {
417     return createX86ELFObjectWriter(OS, /*IsELF64*/ false, OSABI,
418                                     ELF::EM_IAMCU);
419   }
420 };
421 
422 class ELFX86_64AsmBackend : public ELFX86AsmBackend {
423 public:
424   ELFX86_64AsmBackend(const Target &T, uint8_t OSABI,
425                       const MCSubtargetInfo &STI)
426     : ELFX86AsmBackend(T, OSABI, STI) {}
427 
428   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectWriter>
429   createObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS) const override {
430     return createX86ELFObjectWriter(OS, /*IsELF64*/ true, OSABI, ELF::EM_X86_64);
431   }
432 };
433 
434 class WindowsX86AsmBackend : public X86AsmBackend {
435   bool Is64Bit;
436 
437 public:
438   WindowsX86AsmBackend(const Target &T, bool is64Bit,
439                        const MCSubtargetInfo &STI)
440     : X86AsmBackend(T, STI)
441     , Is64Bit(is64Bit) {
442   }
443 
444   Optional<MCFixupKind> getFixupKind(StringRef Name) const override {
445     return StringSwitch<Optional<MCFixupKind>>(Name)
446         .Case("dir32", FK_Data_4)
447         .Case("secrel32", FK_SecRel_4)
448         .Case("secidx", FK_SecRel_2)
449         .Default(MCAsmBackend::getFixupKind(Name));
450   }
451 
452   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectWriter>
453   createObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS) const override {
454     return createX86WinCOFFObjectWriter(OS, Is64Bit);
455   }
456 };
457 
458 namespace CU {
459 
460   /// Compact unwind encoding values.
461   enum CompactUnwindEncodings {
462     /// [RE]BP based frame where [RE]BP is pused on the stack immediately after
463     /// the return address, then [RE]SP is moved to [RE]BP.
464     UNWIND_MODE_BP_FRAME                   = 0x01000000,
465 
466     /// A frameless function with a small constant stack size.
467     UNWIND_MODE_STACK_IMMD                 = 0x02000000,
468 
469     /// A frameless function with a large constant stack size.
470     UNWIND_MODE_STACK_IND                  = 0x03000000,
471 
472     /// No compact unwind encoding is available.
473     UNWIND_MODE_DWARF                      = 0x04000000,
474 
475     /// Mask for encoding the frame registers.
476     UNWIND_BP_FRAME_REGISTERS              = 0x00007FFF,
477 
478     /// Mask for encoding the frameless registers.
479     UNWIND_FRAMELESS_STACK_REG_PERMUTATION = 0x000003FF
480   };
481 
482 } // end CU namespace
483 
484 class DarwinX86AsmBackend : public X86AsmBackend {
485   const MCRegisterInfo &MRI;
486 
487   /// \brief Number of registers that can be saved in a compact unwind encoding.
488   enum { CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS = 6 };
489 
490   mutable unsigned SavedRegs[CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS];
491   bool Is64Bit;
492 
493   unsigned OffsetSize;                   ///< Offset of a "push" instruction.
494   unsigned MoveInstrSize;                ///< Size of a "move" instruction.
495   unsigned StackDivide;                  ///< Amount to adjust stack size by.
496 protected:
497   /// \brief Size of a "push" instruction for the given register.
498   unsigned PushInstrSize(unsigned Reg) const {
499     switch (Reg) {
500       case X86::EBX:
501       case X86::ECX:
502       case X86::EDX:
503       case X86::EDI:
504       case X86::ESI:
505       case X86::EBP:
506       case X86::RBX:
507       case X86::RBP:
508         return 1;
509       case X86::R12:
510       case X86::R13:
511       case X86::R14:
512       case X86::R15:
513         return 2;
514     }
515     return 1;
516   }
517 
518   /// \brief Implementation of algorithm to generate the compact unwind encoding
519   /// for the CFI instructions.
520   uint32_t
521   generateCompactUnwindEncodingImpl(ArrayRef<MCCFIInstruction> Instrs) const {
522     if (Instrs.empty()) return 0;
523 
524     // Reset the saved registers.
525     unsigned SavedRegIdx = 0;
526     memset(SavedRegs, 0, sizeof(SavedRegs));
527 
528     bool HasFP = false;
529 
530     // Encode that we are using EBP/RBP as the frame pointer.
531     uint32_t CompactUnwindEncoding = 0;
532 
533     unsigned SubtractInstrIdx = Is64Bit ? 3 : 2;
534     unsigned InstrOffset = 0;
535     unsigned StackAdjust = 0;
536     unsigned StackSize = 0;
537     unsigned PrevStackSize = 0;
538     unsigned NumDefCFAOffsets = 0;
539 
540     for (unsigned i = 0, e = Instrs.size(); i != e; ++i) {
541       const MCCFIInstruction &Inst = Instrs[i];
542 
543       switch (Inst.getOperation()) {
544       default:
545         // Any other CFI directives indicate a frame that we aren't prepared
546         // to represent via compact unwind, so just bail out.
547         return 0;
548       case MCCFIInstruction::OpDefCfaRegister: {
549         // Defines a frame pointer. E.g.
550         //
551         //     movq %rsp, %rbp
552         //  L0:
553         //     .cfi_def_cfa_register %rbp
554         //
555         HasFP = true;
556 
557         // If the frame pointer is other than esp/rsp, we do not have a way to
558         // generate a compact unwinding representation, so bail out.
559         if (MRI.getLLVMRegNum(Inst.getRegister(), true) !=
560             (Is64Bit ? X86::RBP : X86::EBP))
561           return 0;
562 
563         // Reset the counts.
564         memset(SavedRegs, 0, sizeof(SavedRegs));
565         StackAdjust = 0;
566         SavedRegIdx = 0;
567         InstrOffset += MoveInstrSize;
568         break;
569       }
570       case MCCFIInstruction::OpDefCfaOffset: {
571         // Defines a new offset for the CFA. E.g.
572         //
573         //  With frame:
574         //
575         //     pushq %rbp
576         //  L0:
577         //     .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
578         //
579         //  Without frame:
580         //
581         //     subq $72, %rsp
582         //  L0:
583         //     .cfi_def_cfa_offset 80
584         //
585         PrevStackSize = StackSize;
586         StackSize = std::abs(Inst.getOffset()) / StackDivide;
587         ++NumDefCFAOffsets;
588         break;
589       }
590       case MCCFIInstruction::OpOffset: {
591         // Defines a "push" of a callee-saved register. E.g.
592         //
593         //     pushq %r15
594         //     pushq %r14
595         //     pushq %rbx
596         //  L0:
597         //     subq $120, %rsp
598         //  L1:
599         //     .cfi_offset %rbx, -40
600         //     .cfi_offset %r14, -32
601         //     .cfi_offset %r15, -24
602         //
603         if (SavedRegIdx == CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS)
604           // If there are too many saved registers, we cannot use a compact
605           // unwind encoding.
606           return CU::UNWIND_MODE_DWARF;
607 
608         unsigned Reg = MRI.getLLVMRegNum(Inst.getRegister(), true);
609         SavedRegs[SavedRegIdx++] = Reg;
610         StackAdjust += OffsetSize;
611         InstrOffset += PushInstrSize(Reg);
612         break;
613       }
614       }
615     }
616 
617     StackAdjust /= StackDivide;
618 
619     if (HasFP) {
620       if ((StackAdjust & 0xFF) != StackAdjust)
621         // Offset was too big for a compact unwind encoding.
622         return CU::UNWIND_MODE_DWARF;
623 
624       // Get the encoding of the saved registers when we have a frame pointer.
625       uint32_t RegEnc = encodeCompactUnwindRegistersWithFrame();
626       if (RegEnc == ~0U) return CU::UNWIND_MODE_DWARF;
627 
628       CompactUnwindEncoding |= CU::UNWIND_MODE_BP_FRAME;
629       CompactUnwindEncoding |= (StackAdjust & 0xFF) << 16;
630       CompactUnwindEncoding |= RegEnc & CU::UNWIND_BP_FRAME_REGISTERS;
631     } else {
632       // If the amount of the stack allocation is the size of a register, then
633       // we "push" the RAX/EAX register onto the stack instead of adjusting the
634       // stack pointer with a SUB instruction. We don't support the push of the
635       // RAX/EAX register with compact unwind. So we check for that situation
636       // here.
637       if ((NumDefCFAOffsets == SavedRegIdx + 1 &&
638            StackSize - PrevStackSize == 1) ||
639           (Instrs.size() == 1 && NumDefCFAOffsets == 1 && StackSize == 2))
640         return CU::UNWIND_MODE_DWARF;
641 
642       SubtractInstrIdx += InstrOffset;
643       ++StackAdjust;
644 
645       if ((StackSize & 0xFF) == StackSize) {
646         // Frameless stack with a small stack size.
647         CompactUnwindEncoding |= CU::UNWIND_MODE_STACK_IMMD;
648 
649         // Encode the stack size.
650         CompactUnwindEncoding |= (StackSize & 0xFF) << 16;
651       } else {
652         if ((StackAdjust & 0x7) != StackAdjust)
653           // The extra stack adjustments are too big for us to handle.
654           return CU::UNWIND_MODE_DWARF;
655 
656         // Frameless stack with an offset too large for us to encode compactly.
657         CompactUnwindEncoding |= CU::UNWIND_MODE_STACK_IND;
658 
659         // Encode the offset to the nnnnnn value in the 'subl $nnnnnn, ESP'
660         // instruction.
661         CompactUnwindEncoding |= (SubtractInstrIdx & 0xFF) << 16;
662 
663         // Encode any extra stack stack adjustments (done via push
664         // instructions).
665         CompactUnwindEncoding |= (StackAdjust & 0x7) << 13;
666       }
667 
668       // Encode the number of registers saved. (Reverse the list first.)
669       std::reverse(&SavedRegs[0], &SavedRegs[SavedRegIdx]);
670       CompactUnwindEncoding |= (SavedRegIdx & 0x7) << 10;
671 
672       // Get the encoding of the saved registers when we don't have a frame
673       // pointer.
674       uint32_t RegEnc = encodeCompactUnwindRegistersWithoutFrame(SavedRegIdx);
675       if (RegEnc == ~0U) return CU::UNWIND_MODE_DWARF;
676 
677       // Encode the register encoding.
678       CompactUnwindEncoding |=
679         RegEnc & CU::UNWIND_FRAMELESS_STACK_REG_PERMUTATION;
680     }
681 
682     return CompactUnwindEncoding;
683   }
684 
685 private:
686   /// \brief Get the compact unwind number for a given register. The number
687   /// corresponds to the enum lists in compact_unwind_encoding.h.
688   int getCompactUnwindRegNum(unsigned Reg) const {
689     static const MCPhysReg CU32BitRegs[7] = {
690       X86::EBX, X86::ECX, X86::EDX, X86::EDI, X86::ESI, X86::EBP, 0
691     };
692     static const MCPhysReg CU64BitRegs[] = {
693       X86::RBX, X86::R12, X86::R13, X86::R14, X86::R15, X86::RBP, 0
694     };
695     const MCPhysReg *CURegs = Is64Bit ? CU64BitRegs : CU32BitRegs;
696     for (int Idx = 1; *CURegs; ++CURegs, ++Idx)
697       if (*CURegs == Reg)
698         return Idx;
699 
700     return -1;
701   }
702 
703   /// \brief Return the registers encoded for a compact encoding with a frame
704   /// pointer.
705   uint32_t encodeCompactUnwindRegistersWithFrame() const {
706     // Encode the registers in the order they were saved --- 3-bits per
707     // register. The list of saved registers is assumed to be in reverse
708     // order. The registers are numbered from 1 to CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS.
709     uint32_t RegEnc = 0;
710     for (int i = 0, Idx = 0; i != CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS; ++i) {
711       unsigned Reg = SavedRegs[i];
712       if (Reg == 0) break;
713 
714       int CURegNum = getCompactUnwindRegNum(Reg);
715       if (CURegNum == -1) return ~0U;
716 
717       // Encode the 3-bit register number in order, skipping over 3-bits for
718       // each register.
719       RegEnc |= (CURegNum & 0x7) << (Idx++ * 3);
720     }
721 
722     assert((RegEnc & 0x3FFFF) == RegEnc &&
723            "Invalid compact register encoding!");
724     return RegEnc;
725   }
726 
727   /// \brief Create the permutation encoding used with frameless stacks. It is
728   /// passed the number of registers to be saved and an array of the registers
729   /// saved.
730   uint32_t encodeCompactUnwindRegistersWithoutFrame(unsigned RegCount) const {
731     // The saved registers are numbered from 1 to 6. In order to encode the
732     // order in which they were saved, we re-number them according to their
733     // place in the register order. The re-numbering is relative to the last
734     // re-numbered register. E.g., if we have registers {6, 2, 4, 5} saved in
735     // that order:
736     //
737     //    Orig  Re-Num
738     //    ----  ------
739     //     6       6
740     //     2       2
741     //     4       3
742     //     5       3
743     //
744     for (unsigned i = 0; i < RegCount; ++i) {
745       int CUReg = getCompactUnwindRegNum(SavedRegs[i]);
746       if (CUReg == -1) return ~0U;
747       SavedRegs[i] = CUReg;
748     }
749 
750     // Reverse the list.
751     std::reverse(&SavedRegs[0], &SavedRegs[CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS]);
752 
753     uint32_t RenumRegs[CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS];
754     for (unsigned i = CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS - RegCount; i < CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS; ++i){
755       unsigned Countless = 0;
756       for (unsigned j = CU_NUM_SAVED_REGS - RegCount; j < i; ++j)
757         if (SavedRegs[j] < SavedRegs[i])
758           ++Countless;
759 
760       RenumRegs[i] = SavedRegs[i] - Countless - 1;
761     }
762 
763     // Take the renumbered values and encode them into a 10-bit number.
764     uint32_t permutationEncoding = 0;
765     switch (RegCount) {
766     case 6:
767       permutationEncoding |= 120 * RenumRegs[0] + 24 * RenumRegs[1]
768                              + 6 * RenumRegs[2] +  2 * RenumRegs[3]
769                              +     RenumRegs[4];
770       break;
771     case 5:
772       permutationEncoding |= 120 * RenumRegs[1] + 24 * RenumRegs[2]
773                              + 6 * RenumRegs[3] +  2 * RenumRegs[4]
774                              +     RenumRegs[5];
775       break;
776     case 4:
777       permutationEncoding |=  60 * RenumRegs[2] + 12 * RenumRegs[3]
778                              + 3 * RenumRegs[4] +      RenumRegs[5];
779       break;
780     case 3:
781       permutationEncoding |=  20 * RenumRegs[3] +  4 * RenumRegs[4]
782                              +     RenumRegs[5];
783       break;
784     case 2:
785       permutationEncoding |=   5 * RenumRegs[4] +      RenumRegs[5];
786       break;
787     case 1:
788       permutationEncoding |=       RenumRegs[5];
789       break;
790     }
791 
792     assert((permutationEncoding & 0x3FF) == permutationEncoding &&
793            "Invalid compact register encoding!");
794     return permutationEncoding;
795   }
796 
797 public:
798   DarwinX86AsmBackend(const Target &T, const MCRegisterInfo &MRI,
799                       const MCSubtargetInfo &STI, bool Is64Bit)
800     : X86AsmBackend(T, STI), MRI(MRI), Is64Bit(Is64Bit) {
801     memset(SavedRegs, 0, sizeof(SavedRegs));
802     OffsetSize = Is64Bit ? 8 : 4;
803     MoveInstrSize = Is64Bit ? 3 : 2;
804     StackDivide = Is64Bit ? 8 : 4;
805   }
806 };
807 
808 class DarwinX86_32AsmBackend : public DarwinX86AsmBackend {
809 public:
810   DarwinX86_32AsmBackend(const Target &T, const MCRegisterInfo &MRI,
811                          const MCSubtargetInfo &STI)
812       : DarwinX86AsmBackend(T, MRI, STI, false) {}
813 
814   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectWriter>
815   createObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS) const override {
816     return createX86MachObjectWriter(OS, /*Is64Bit=*/false,
817                                      MachO::CPU_TYPE_I386,
818                                      MachO::CPU_SUBTYPE_I386_ALL);
819   }
820 
821   /// \brief Generate the compact unwind encoding for the CFI instructions.
822   uint32_t generateCompactUnwindEncoding(
823                              ArrayRef<MCCFIInstruction> Instrs) const override {
824     return generateCompactUnwindEncodingImpl(Instrs);
825   }
826 };
827 
828 class DarwinX86_64AsmBackend : public DarwinX86AsmBackend {
829   const MachO::CPUSubTypeX86 Subtype;
830 public:
831   DarwinX86_64AsmBackend(const Target &T, const MCRegisterInfo &MRI,
832                          const MCSubtargetInfo &STI, MachO::CPUSubTypeX86 st)
833       : DarwinX86AsmBackend(T, MRI, STI, true), Subtype(st) {}
834 
835   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectWriter>
836   createObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS) const override {
837     return createX86MachObjectWriter(OS, /*Is64Bit=*/true,
838                                      MachO::CPU_TYPE_X86_64, Subtype);
839   }
840 
841   /// \brief Generate the compact unwind encoding for the CFI instructions.
842   uint32_t generateCompactUnwindEncoding(
843                              ArrayRef<MCCFIInstruction> Instrs) const override {
844     return generateCompactUnwindEncodingImpl(Instrs);
845   }
846 };
847 
848 } // end anonymous namespace
849 
850 MCAsmBackend *llvm::createX86_32AsmBackend(const Target &T,
851                                            const MCSubtargetInfo &STI,
852                                            const MCRegisterInfo &MRI,
853                                            const MCTargetOptions &Options) {
854   const Triple &TheTriple = STI.getTargetTriple();
855   if (TheTriple.isOSBinFormatMachO())
856     return new DarwinX86_32AsmBackend(T, MRI, STI);
857 
858   if (TheTriple.isOSWindows() && TheTriple.isOSBinFormatCOFF())
859     return new WindowsX86AsmBackend(T, false, STI);
860 
861   uint8_t OSABI = MCELFObjectTargetWriter::getOSABI(TheTriple.getOS());
862 
863   if (TheTriple.isOSIAMCU())
864     return new ELFX86_IAMCUAsmBackend(T, OSABI, STI);
865 
866   return new ELFX86_32AsmBackend(T, OSABI, STI);
867 }
868 
869 MCAsmBackend *llvm::createX86_64AsmBackend(const Target &T,
870                                            const MCSubtargetInfo &STI,
871                                            const MCRegisterInfo &MRI,
872                                            const MCTargetOptions &Options) {
873   const Triple &TheTriple = STI.getTargetTriple();
874   if (TheTriple.isOSBinFormatMachO()) {
875     MachO::CPUSubTypeX86 CS =
876         StringSwitch<MachO::CPUSubTypeX86>(TheTriple.getArchName())
877             .Case("x86_64h", MachO::CPU_SUBTYPE_X86_64_H)
878             .Default(MachO::CPU_SUBTYPE_X86_64_ALL);
879     return new DarwinX86_64AsmBackend(T, MRI, STI, CS);
880   }
881 
882   if (TheTriple.isOSWindows() && TheTriple.isOSBinFormatCOFF())
883     return new WindowsX86AsmBackend(T, true, STI);
884 
885   uint8_t OSABI = MCELFObjectTargetWriter::getOSABI(TheTriple.getOS());
886 
887   if (TheTriple.getEnvironment() == Triple::GNUX32)
888     return new ELFX86_X32AsmBackend(T, OSABI, STI);
889   return new ELFX86_64AsmBackend(T, OSABI, STI);
890 }
891