1 //===-- VEFrameLowering.cpp - VE Frame Information ------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // This file contains the VE implementation of TargetFrameLowering class.
10 //
11 // On VE, stack frames are structured as follows:
12 //
13 // The stack grows downward.
14 //
15 // All of the individual frame areas on the frame below are optional, i.e. it's
16 // possible to create a function so that the particular area isn't present
17 // in the frame.
18 //
19 // At function entry, the "frame" looks as follows:
20 //
21 // |                                              | Higher address
22 // |----------------------------------------------|
23 // | Parameter area for this function             |
24 // |----------------------------------------------|
25 // | Register save area (RSA) for this function   |
26 // |----------------------------------------------|
27 // | Return address for this function             |
28 // |----------------------------------------------|
29 // | Frame pointer for this function              |
30 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp
31 // |                                              | Lower address
32 //
33 // VE doesn't use on demand stack allocation, so user code generated by LLVM
34 // needs to call VEOS to allocate stack frame.  VE's ABI want to reduce the
35 // number of VEOS calls, so ABI requires to allocate not only RSA (in general
36 // CSR, callee saved register) area but also call frame at the prologue of
37 // caller function.
38 //
39 // After the prologue has run, the frame has the following general structure.
40 // Note that technically the last frame area (VLAs) doesn't get created until
41 // in the main function body, after the prologue is run. However, it's depicted
42 // here for completeness.
43 //
44 // |                                              | Higher address
45 // |----------------------------------------------|
46 // | Parameter area for this function             |
47 // |----------------------------------------------|
48 // | Register save area (RSA) for this function   |
49 // |----------------------------------------------|
50 // | Return address for this function             |
51 // |----------------------------------------------|
52 // | Frame pointer for this function              |
53 // |----------------------------------------------| <- fp(=old sp)
54 // |.empty.space.to.make.part.below.aligned.in....|
55 // |.case.it.needs.more.than.the.standard.16-byte.| (size of this area is
56 // |.alignment....................................|  unknown at compile time)
57 // |----------------------------------------------|
58 // | Local variables of fixed size including spill|
59 // | slots                                        |
60 // |----------------------------------------------| <- bp(not defined by ABI,
61 // |.variable-sized.local.variables.(VLAs)........|       LLVM chooses SX17)
62 // |..............................................| (size of this area is
63 // |..............................................|  unknown at compile time)
64 // |----------------------------------------------| <- stack top (returned by
65 // | Parameter area for callee                    |               alloca)
66 // |----------------------------------------------|
67 // | Register save area (RSA) for callee          |
68 // |----------------------------------------------|
69 // | Return address for callee                    |
70 // |----------------------------------------------|
71 // | Frame pointer for callee                     |
72 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp
73 // |                                              | Lower address
74 //
75 // To access the data in a frame, at-compile time, a constant offset must be
76 // computable from one of the pointers (fp, bp, sp) to access it. The size
77 // of the areas with a dotted background cannot be computed at compile-time
78 // if they are present, making it required to have all three of fp, bp and
79 // sp to be set up to be able to access all contents in the frame areas,
80 // assuming all of the frame areas are non-empty.
81 //
82 // For most functions, some of the frame areas are empty. For those functions,
83 // it may not be necessary to set up fp or bp:
84 // * A base pointer is definitely needed when there are both VLAs and local
85 //   variables with more-than-default alignment requirements.
86 // * A frame pointer is definitely needed when there are local variables with
87 //   more-than-default alignment requirements.
88 //
89 // In addition, VE ABI defines RSA frame, return address, and frame pointer
90 // as follows:
91 //
92 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp+176
93 // | %s18...%s33                                  |
94 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp+48
95 // | Linkage area register (%s17)                 |
96 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp+40
97 // | Procedure linkage table register (%plt=%s16) |
98 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp+32
99 // | Global offset table register (%got=%s15)     |
100 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp+24
101 // | Thread pointer register (%tp=%s14)           |
102 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp+16
103 // | Return address                               |
104 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp+8
105 // | Frame pointer                                |
106 // |----------------------------------------------| <- sp+0
107 //
108 // NOTE: This description is based on VE ABI and description in
109 //       AArch64FrameLowering.cpp.  Thanks a lot.
110 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
111 
112 #include "VEFrameLowering.h"
113 #include "VEInstrInfo.h"
114 #include "VEMachineFunctionInfo.h"
115 #include "VESubtarget.h"
116 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFrameInfo.h"
117 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunction.h"
118 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineInstrBuilder.h"
119 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineModuleInfo.h"
120 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineRegisterInfo.h"
121 #include "llvm/CodeGen/RegisterScavenging.h"
122 #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
123 #include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
124 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
125 #include "llvm/Target/TargetOptions.h"
126 #include "llvm/Support/MathExtras.h"
127 
128 using namespace llvm;
129 
130 VEFrameLowering::VEFrameLowering(const VESubtarget &ST)
131     : TargetFrameLowering(TargetFrameLowering::StackGrowsDown, Align(16), 0,
132                           Align(16)),
133       STI(ST) {}
134 
135 void VEFrameLowering::emitPrologueInsns(MachineFunction &MF,
136                                         MachineBasicBlock &MBB,
137                                         MachineBasicBlock::iterator MBBI,
138                                         uint64_t NumBytes,
139                                         bool RequireFPUpdate) const {
140   DebugLoc DL;
141   const VEInstrInfo &TII =
142       *static_cast<const VEInstrInfo *>(MF.getSubtarget().getInstrInfo());
143 
144   // Insert following codes here as prologue
145   //
146   //    st %fp, 0(,%sp)
147   //    st %lr, 8(,%sp)
148   //    st %got, 24(,%sp)
149   //    st %plt, 32(,%sp)
150   //    st %s17, 40(,%sp) iff this function is using s17 as BP
151   //    or %fp, 0, %sp
152   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::STrii))
153       .addReg(VE::SX11)
154       .addImm(0)
155       .addImm(0)
156       .addReg(VE::SX9);
157   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::STrii))
158       .addReg(VE::SX11)
159       .addImm(0)
160       .addImm(8)
161       .addReg(VE::SX10);
162   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::STrii))
163       .addReg(VE::SX11)
164       .addImm(0)
165       .addImm(24)
166       .addReg(VE::SX15);
167   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::STrii))
168       .addReg(VE::SX11)
169       .addImm(0)
170       .addImm(32)
171       .addReg(VE::SX16);
172   if (hasBP(MF))
173     BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::STrii))
174         .addReg(VE::SX11)
175         .addImm(0)
176         .addImm(40)
177         .addReg(VE::SX17);
178   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::ORri), VE::SX9).addReg(VE::SX11).addImm(0);
179 }
180 
181 void VEFrameLowering::emitEpilogueInsns(MachineFunction &MF,
182                                         MachineBasicBlock &MBB,
183                                         MachineBasicBlock::iterator MBBI,
184                                         uint64_t NumBytes,
185                                         bool RequireFPUpdate) const {
186   DebugLoc DL;
187   const VEInstrInfo &TII =
188       *static_cast<const VEInstrInfo *>(MF.getSubtarget().getInstrInfo());
189 
190   // Insert following codes here as epilogue
191   //
192   //    or %sp, 0, %fp
193   //    ld %s17, 40(,%sp) iff this function is using s17 as BP
194   //    ld %plt, 32(,%sp)
195   //    ld %got, 24(,%sp)
196   //    ld %lr, 8(,%sp)
197   //    ld %fp, 0(,%sp)
198   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::ORri), VE::SX11).addReg(VE::SX9).addImm(0);
199   if (hasBP(MF))
200     BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::LDrii), VE::SX17)
201         .addReg(VE::SX11)
202         .addImm(0)
203         .addImm(40);
204   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::LDrii), VE::SX16)
205       .addReg(VE::SX11)
206       .addImm(0)
207       .addImm(32);
208   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::LDrii), VE::SX15)
209       .addReg(VE::SX11)
210       .addImm(0)
211       .addImm(24);
212   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::LDrii), VE::SX10)
213       .addReg(VE::SX11)
214       .addImm(0)
215       .addImm(8);
216   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::LDrii), VE::SX9)
217       .addReg(VE::SX11)
218       .addImm(0)
219       .addImm(0);
220 }
221 
222 void VEFrameLowering::emitSPAdjustment(MachineFunction &MF,
223                                        MachineBasicBlock &MBB,
224                                        MachineBasicBlock::iterator MBBI,
225                                        int64_t NumBytes,
226                                        MaybeAlign MaybeAlign) const {
227   DebugLoc DL;
228   const VEInstrInfo &TII =
229       *static_cast<const VEInstrInfo *>(MF.getSubtarget().getInstrInfo());
230 
231   if (NumBytes >= -64 && NumBytes < 63) {
232     BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::ADDSLri), VE::SX11)
233         .addReg(VE::SX11)
234         .addImm(NumBytes);
235     return;
236   }
237 
238   // Emit following codes.  This clobbers SX13 which we always know is
239   // available here.
240   //   lea     %s13,%lo(NumBytes)
241   //   and     %s13,%s13,(32)0
242   //   lea.sl  %sp,%hi(NumBytes)(%sp, %s13)
243   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::LEAzii), VE::SX13)
244       .addImm(0)
245       .addImm(0)
246       .addImm(Lo_32(NumBytes));
247   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::ANDrm), VE::SX13)
248       .addReg(VE::SX13)
249       .addImm(M0(32));
250   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::LEASLrri), VE::SX11)
251       .addReg(VE::SX11)
252       .addReg(VE::SX13)
253       .addImm(Hi_32(NumBytes));
254 
255   if (MaybeAlign) {
256     // and %sp, %sp, Align-1
257     BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::ANDrm), VE::SX11)
258         .addReg(VE::SX11)
259         .addImm(M1(64 - Log2_64(MaybeAlign.valueOrOne().value())));
260   }
261 }
262 
263 void VEFrameLowering::emitSPExtend(MachineFunction &MF, MachineBasicBlock &MBB,
264                                    MachineBasicBlock::iterator MBBI) const {
265   DebugLoc DL;
266   const VEInstrInfo &TII =
267       *static_cast<const VEInstrInfo *>(MF.getSubtarget().getInstrInfo());
268 
269   // Emit following codes.  It is not possible to insert multiple
270   // BasicBlocks in PEI pass, so we emit two pseudo instructions here.
271   //
272   //   EXTEND_STACK                     // pseudo instrcution
273   //   EXTEND_STACK_GUARD               // pseudo instrcution
274   //
275   // EXTEND_STACK pseudo will be converted by ExpandPostRA pass into
276   // following instructions with multiple basic blocks later.
277   //
278   // thisBB:
279   //   brge.l.t %sp, %sl, sinkBB
280   // syscallBB:
281   //   ld      %s61, 0x18(, %tp)        // load param area
282   //   or      %s62, 0, %s0             // spill the value of %s0
283   //   lea     %s63, 0x13b              // syscall # of grow
284   //   shm.l   %s63, 0x0(%s61)          // store syscall # at addr:0
285   //   shm.l   %sl, 0x8(%s61)           // store old limit at addr:8
286   //   shm.l   %sp, 0x10(%s61)          // store new limit at addr:16
287   //   monc                             // call monitor
288   //   or      %s0, 0, %s62             // restore the value of %s0
289   // sinkBB:
290   //
291   // EXTEND_STACK_GUARD pseudo will be simply eliminated by ExpandPostRA
292   // pass.  This pseudo is required to be at the next of EXTEND_STACK
293   // pseudo in order to protect iteration loop in ExpandPostRA.
294   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::EXTEND_STACK));
295   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::EXTEND_STACK_GUARD));
296 }
297 
298 void VEFrameLowering::emitPrologue(MachineFunction &MF,
299                                    MachineBasicBlock &MBB) const {
300   const VEMachineFunctionInfo *FuncInfo = MF.getInfo<VEMachineFunctionInfo>();
301   assert(&MF.front() == &MBB && "Shrink-wrapping not yet supported");
302   MachineFrameInfo &MFI = MF.getFrameInfo();
303   const VEInstrInfo &TII = *STI.getInstrInfo();
304   const VERegisterInfo &RegInfo = *STI.getRegisterInfo();
305   MachineBasicBlock::iterator MBBI = MBB.begin();
306   bool NeedsStackRealignment = RegInfo.needsStackRealignment(MF);
307 
308   // Debug location must be unknown since the first debug location is used
309   // to determine the end of the prologue.
310   DebugLoc DL;
311 
312   // FIXME: unfortunately, returning false from canRealignStack
313   // actually just causes needsStackRealignment to return false,
314   // rather than reporting an error, as would be sensible. This is
315   // poor, but fixing that bogosity is going to be a large project.
316   // For now, just see if it's lied, and report an error here.
317   if (!NeedsStackRealignment && MFI.getMaxAlign() > getStackAlign())
318     report_fatal_error("Function \"" + Twine(MF.getName()) +
319                        "\" required "
320                        "stack re-alignment, but LLVM couldn't handle it "
321                        "(probably because it has a dynamic alloca).");
322 
323   // Get the number of bytes to allocate from the FrameInfo
324   uint64_t NumBytes = MFI.getStackSize();
325 
326   // The VE ABI requires a reserved area at the top of stack as described
327   // in VESubtarget.cpp.  So, we adjust it here.
328   NumBytes = STI.getAdjustedFrameSize(NumBytes);
329 
330   // Finally, ensure that the size is sufficiently aligned for the
331   // data on the stack.
332   NumBytes = alignTo(NumBytes, MFI.getMaxAlign());
333 
334   // Update stack size with corrected value.
335   MFI.setStackSize(NumBytes);
336 
337   if (FuncInfo->isLeafProc())
338     return;
339 
340   // Emit Prologue instructions to save multiple registers.
341   emitPrologueInsns(MF, MBB, MBBI, NumBytes, true);
342 
343   // Emit stack adjust instructions
344   MaybeAlign RuntimeAlign =
345       NeedsStackRealignment ? MaybeAlign(MFI.getMaxAlign()) : None;
346   emitSPAdjustment(MF, MBB, MBBI, -(int64_t)NumBytes, RuntimeAlign);
347 
348   if (hasBP(MF)) {
349     // Copy SP to BP.
350     BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(VE::ORri), VE::SX17)
351         .addReg(VE::SX11)
352         .addImm(0);
353   }
354 
355   // Emit stack extend instructions
356   emitSPExtend(MF, MBB, MBBI);
357 
358   Register RegFP = RegInfo.getDwarfRegNum(VE::SX9, true);
359 
360   // Emit ".cfi_def_cfa_register 30".
361   unsigned CFIIndex =
362       MF.addFrameInst(MCCFIInstruction::createDefCfaRegister(nullptr, RegFP));
363   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(TargetOpcode::CFI_INSTRUCTION))
364       .addCFIIndex(CFIIndex);
365 
366   // Emit ".cfi_window_save".
367   CFIIndex = MF.addFrameInst(MCCFIInstruction::createWindowSave(nullptr));
368   BuildMI(MBB, MBBI, DL, TII.get(TargetOpcode::CFI_INSTRUCTION))
369       .addCFIIndex(CFIIndex);
370 }
371 
372 MachineBasicBlock::iterator VEFrameLowering::eliminateCallFramePseudoInstr(
373     MachineFunction &MF, MachineBasicBlock &MBB,
374     MachineBasicBlock::iterator I) const {
375   if (!hasReservedCallFrame(MF)) {
376     MachineInstr &MI = *I;
377     int64_t Size = MI.getOperand(0).getImm();
378     if (MI.getOpcode() == VE::ADJCALLSTACKDOWN)
379       Size = -Size;
380 
381     if (Size)
382       emitSPAdjustment(MF, MBB, I, Size);
383   }
384   return MBB.erase(I);
385 }
386 
387 void VEFrameLowering::emitEpilogue(MachineFunction &MF,
388                                    MachineBasicBlock &MBB) const {
389   const VEMachineFunctionInfo *FuncInfo = MF.getInfo<VEMachineFunctionInfo>();
390   MachineBasicBlock::iterator MBBI = MBB.getLastNonDebugInstr();
391   MachineFrameInfo &MFI = MF.getFrameInfo();
392 
393   uint64_t NumBytes = MFI.getStackSize();
394 
395   if (FuncInfo->isLeafProc())
396     return;
397 
398   // Emit Epilogue instructions to restore multiple registers.
399   emitEpilogueInsns(MF, MBB, MBBI, NumBytes, true);
400 }
401 
402 // hasFP - Return true if the specified function should have a dedicated frame
403 // pointer register.  This is true if the function has variable sized allocas
404 // or if frame pointer elimination is disabled.
405 bool VEFrameLowering::hasFP(const MachineFunction &MF) const {
406   const TargetRegisterInfo *RegInfo = MF.getSubtarget().getRegisterInfo();
407 
408   const MachineFrameInfo &MFI = MF.getFrameInfo();
409   return MF.getTarget().Options.DisableFramePointerElim(MF) ||
410          RegInfo->needsStackRealignment(MF) || MFI.hasVarSizedObjects() ||
411          MFI.isFrameAddressTaken();
412 }
413 
414 bool VEFrameLowering::hasBP(const MachineFunction &MF) const {
415   const MachineFrameInfo &MFI = MF.getFrameInfo();
416   const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI = STI.getRegisterInfo();
417 
418   return MFI.hasVarSizedObjects() && TRI->needsStackRealignment(MF);
419 }
420 
421 StackOffset VEFrameLowering::getFrameIndexReference(const MachineFunction &MF,
422                                                     int FI,
423                                                     Register &FrameReg) const {
424   const MachineFrameInfo &MFI = MF.getFrameInfo();
425   const VERegisterInfo *RegInfo = STI.getRegisterInfo();
426   bool isFixed = MFI.isFixedObjectIndex(FI);
427 
428   int64_t FrameOffset = MF.getFrameInfo().getObjectOffset(FI);
429 
430   if (!hasFP(MF)) {
431     // If FP is not used, frame indexies are based on a %sp regiter.
432     FrameReg = VE::SX11; // %sp
433     return StackOffset::getFixed(FrameOffset +
434                                  MF.getFrameInfo().getStackSize());
435   }
436   if (RegInfo->needsStackRealignment(MF) && !isFixed) {
437     // If data on stack require realignemnt, frame indexies are based on a %sp
438     // or %s17 (bp) register.  If there is a variable sized object, bp is used.
439     if (hasBP(MF))
440       FrameReg = VE::SX17; // %bp
441     else
442       FrameReg = VE::SX11; // %sp
443     return StackOffset::getFixed(FrameOffset +
444                                  MF.getFrameInfo().getStackSize());
445   }
446   // Use %fp by default.
447   FrameReg = RegInfo->getFrameRegister(MF);
448   return StackOffset::getFixed(FrameOffset);
449 }
450 
451 bool VEFrameLowering::isLeafProc(MachineFunction &MF) const {
452 
453   MachineRegisterInfo &MRI = MF.getRegInfo();
454   MachineFrameInfo &MFI = MF.getFrameInfo();
455 
456   return !MFI.hasCalls()                 // No calls
457          && !MRI.isPhysRegUsed(VE::SX18) // Registers within limits
458                                          //   (s18 is first CSR)
459          && !MRI.isPhysRegUsed(VE::SX11) // %sp un-used
460          && !hasFP(MF);                  // Don't need %fp
461 }
462 
463 void VEFrameLowering::determineCalleeSaves(MachineFunction &MF,
464                                            BitVector &SavedRegs,
465                                            RegScavenger *RS) const {
466   TargetFrameLowering::determineCalleeSaves(MF, SavedRegs, RS);
467   const MachineFrameInfo &MFI = MF.getFrameInfo();
468 
469   // Functions having BP or stack objects need to emit prologue and epilogue
470   // to allocate local buffer on the stack.
471   if (isLeafProc(MF) && !hasBP(MF) && !MFI.hasStackObjects()) {
472     VEMachineFunctionInfo *FuncInfo = MF.getInfo<VEMachineFunctionInfo>();
473     FuncInfo->setLeafProc(true);
474   }
475 }
476