1 //===-- AArch64AsmPrinter.cpp - AArch64 LLVM assembly writer --------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file contains a printer that converts from our internal representation
11 // of machine-dependent LLVM code to the AArch64 assembly language.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #include "MCTargetDesc/AArch64AddressingModes.h"
16 #include "AArch64.h"
17 #include "AArch64MCInstLower.h"
18 #include "AArch64MachineFunctionInfo.h"
19 #include "AArch64RegisterInfo.h"
20 #include "AArch64Subtarget.h"
21 #include "InstPrinter/AArch64InstPrinter.h"
22 #include "MCTargetDesc/AArch64MCExpr.h"
23 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
24 #include "llvm/ADT/StringSwitch.h"
25 #include "llvm/ADT/Twine.h"
26 #include "llvm/CodeGen/AsmPrinter.h"
27 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineInstr.h"
28 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineModuleInfoImpls.h"
29 #include "llvm/CodeGen/StackMaps.h"
30 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetLoweringObjectFileImpl.h"
31 #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
32 #include "llvm/IR/DebugInfo.h"
33 #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmInfo.h"
34 #include "llvm/MC/MCContext.h"
35 #include "llvm/MC/MCInst.h"
36 #include "llvm/MC/MCInstBuilder.h"
37 #include "llvm/MC/MCLinkerOptimizationHint.h"
38 #include "llvm/MC/MCStreamer.h"
39 #include "llvm/MC/MCSymbol.h"
40 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
41 #include "llvm/Support/TargetRegistry.h"
42 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
43 using namespace llvm;
44 
45 #define DEBUG_TYPE "asm-printer"
46 
47 namespace {
48 
49 class AArch64AsmPrinter : public AsmPrinter {
50   AArch64MCInstLower MCInstLowering;
51   StackMaps SM;
52 
53 public:
54   AArch64AsmPrinter(TargetMachine &TM, std::unique_ptr<MCStreamer> Streamer)
55       : AsmPrinter(TM, std::move(Streamer)), MCInstLowering(OutContext, *this),
56         SM(*this), AArch64FI(nullptr) {}
57 
58   const char *getPassName() const override {
59     return "AArch64 Assembly Printer";
60   }
61 
62   /// \brief Wrapper for MCInstLowering.lowerOperand() for the
63   /// tblgen'erated pseudo lowering.
64   bool lowerOperand(const MachineOperand &MO, MCOperand &MCOp) const {
65     return MCInstLowering.lowerOperand(MO, MCOp);
66   }
67 
68   void LowerSTACKMAP(MCStreamer &OutStreamer, StackMaps &SM,
69                      const MachineInstr &MI);
70   void LowerPATCHPOINT(MCStreamer &OutStreamer, StackMaps &SM,
71                        const MachineInstr &MI);
72   /// \brief tblgen'erated driver function for lowering simple MI->MC
73   /// pseudo instructions.
74   bool emitPseudoExpansionLowering(MCStreamer &OutStreamer,
75                                    const MachineInstr *MI);
76 
77   void EmitInstruction(const MachineInstr *MI) override;
78 
79   void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
80     AsmPrinter::getAnalysisUsage(AU);
81     AU.setPreservesAll();
82   }
83 
84   bool runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &F) override {
85     AArch64FI = F.getInfo<AArch64FunctionInfo>();
86     return AsmPrinter::runOnMachineFunction(F);
87   }
88 
89 private:
90   void printOperand(const MachineInstr *MI, unsigned OpNum, raw_ostream &O);
91   bool printAsmMRegister(const MachineOperand &MO, char Mode, raw_ostream &O);
92   bool printAsmRegInClass(const MachineOperand &MO,
93                           const TargetRegisterClass *RC, bool isVector,
94                           raw_ostream &O);
95 
96   bool PrintAsmOperand(const MachineInstr *MI, unsigned OpNum,
97                        unsigned AsmVariant, const char *ExtraCode,
98                        raw_ostream &O) override;
99   bool PrintAsmMemoryOperand(const MachineInstr *MI, unsigned OpNum,
100                              unsigned AsmVariant, const char *ExtraCode,
101                              raw_ostream &O) override;
102 
103   void PrintDebugValueComment(const MachineInstr *MI, raw_ostream &OS);
104 
105   void EmitFunctionBodyEnd() override;
106 
107   MCSymbol *GetCPISymbol(unsigned CPID) const override;
108   void EmitEndOfAsmFile(Module &M) override;
109   AArch64FunctionInfo *AArch64FI;
110 
111   /// \brief Emit the LOHs contained in AArch64FI.
112   void EmitLOHs();
113 
114   typedef std::map<const MachineInstr *, MCSymbol *> MInstToMCSymbol;
115   MInstToMCSymbol LOHInstToLabel;
116 };
117 
118 } // end of anonymous namespace
119 
120 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
121 
122 void AArch64AsmPrinter::EmitEndOfAsmFile(Module &M) {
123   const Triple &TT = TM.getTargetTriple();
124   if (TT.isOSBinFormatMachO()) {
125     // Funny Darwin hack: This flag tells the linker that no global symbols
126     // contain code that falls through to other global symbols (e.g. the obvious
127     // implementation of multiple entry points).  If this doesn't occur, the
128     // linker can safely perform dead code stripping.  Since LLVM never
129     // generates code that does this, it is always safe to set.
130     OutStreamer->EmitAssemblerFlag(MCAF_SubsectionsViaSymbols);
131     SM.serializeToStackMapSection();
132   }
133 }
134 
135 void AArch64AsmPrinter::EmitLOHs() {
136   SmallVector<MCSymbol *, 3> MCArgs;
137 
138   for (const auto &D : AArch64FI->getLOHContainer()) {
139     for (const MachineInstr *MI : D.getArgs()) {
140       MInstToMCSymbol::iterator LabelIt = LOHInstToLabel.find(MI);
141       assert(LabelIt != LOHInstToLabel.end() &&
142              "Label hasn't been inserted for LOH related instruction");
143       MCArgs.push_back(LabelIt->second);
144     }
145     OutStreamer->EmitLOHDirective(D.getKind(), MCArgs);
146     MCArgs.clear();
147   }
148 }
149 
150 void AArch64AsmPrinter::EmitFunctionBodyEnd() {
151   if (!AArch64FI->getLOHRelated().empty())
152     EmitLOHs();
153 }
154 
155 /// GetCPISymbol - Return the symbol for the specified constant pool entry.
156 MCSymbol *AArch64AsmPrinter::GetCPISymbol(unsigned CPID) const {
157   // Darwin uses a linker-private symbol name for constant-pools (to
158   // avoid addends on the relocation?), ELF has no such concept and
159   // uses a normal private symbol.
160   if (getDataLayout().getLinkerPrivateGlobalPrefix()[0])
161     return OutContext.getOrCreateSymbol(
162         Twine(getDataLayout().getLinkerPrivateGlobalPrefix()) + "CPI" +
163         Twine(getFunctionNumber()) + "_" + Twine(CPID));
164 
165   return OutContext.getOrCreateSymbol(
166       Twine(getDataLayout().getPrivateGlobalPrefix()) + "CPI" +
167       Twine(getFunctionNumber()) + "_" + Twine(CPID));
168 }
169 
170 void AArch64AsmPrinter::printOperand(const MachineInstr *MI, unsigned OpNum,
171                                      raw_ostream &O) {
172   const MachineOperand &MO = MI->getOperand(OpNum);
173   switch (MO.getType()) {
174   default:
175     llvm_unreachable("<unknown operand type>");
176   case MachineOperand::MO_Register: {
177     unsigned Reg = MO.getReg();
178     assert(TargetRegisterInfo::isPhysicalRegister(Reg));
179     assert(!MO.getSubReg() && "Subregs should be eliminated!");
180     O << AArch64InstPrinter::getRegisterName(Reg);
181     break;
182   }
183   case MachineOperand::MO_Immediate: {
184     int64_t Imm = MO.getImm();
185     O << '#' << Imm;
186     break;
187   }
188   case MachineOperand::MO_GlobalAddress: {
189     const GlobalValue *GV = MO.getGlobal();
190     MCSymbol *Sym = getSymbol(GV);
191 
192     // FIXME: Can we get anything other than a plain symbol here?
193     assert(!MO.getTargetFlags() && "Unknown operand target flag!");
194 
195     Sym->print(O, MAI);
196     printOffset(MO.getOffset(), O);
197     break;
198   }
199   }
200 }
201 
202 bool AArch64AsmPrinter::printAsmMRegister(const MachineOperand &MO, char Mode,
203                                           raw_ostream &O) {
204   unsigned Reg = MO.getReg();
205   switch (Mode) {
206   default:
207     return true; // Unknown mode.
208   case 'w':
209     Reg = getWRegFromXReg(Reg);
210     break;
211   case 'x':
212     Reg = getXRegFromWReg(Reg);
213     break;
214   }
215 
216   O << AArch64InstPrinter::getRegisterName(Reg);
217   return false;
218 }
219 
220 // Prints the register in MO using class RC using the offset in the
221 // new register class. This should not be used for cross class
222 // printing.
223 bool AArch64AsmPrinter::printAsmRegInClass(const MachineOperand &MO,
224                                            const TargetRegisterClass *RC,
225                                            bool isVector, raw_ostream &O) {
226   assert(MO.isReg() && "Should only get here with a register!");
227   const AArch64RegisterInfo *RI =
228       MF->getSubtarget<AArch64Subtarget>().getRegisterInfo();
229   unsigned Reg = MO.getReg();
230   unsigned RegToPrint = RC->getRegister(RI->getEncodingValue(Reg));
231   assert(RI->regsOverlap(RegToPrint, Reg));
232   O << AArch64InstPrinter::getRegisterName(
233            RegToPrint, isVector ? AArch64::vreg : AArch64::NoRegAltName);
234   return false;
235 }
236 
237 bool AArch64AsmPrinter::PrintAsmOperand(const MachineInstr *MI, unsigned OpNum,
238                                         unsigned AsmVariant,
239                                         const char *ExtraCode, raw_ostream &O) {
240   const MachineOperand &MO = MI->getOperand(OpNum);
241 
242   // First try the generic code, which knows about modifiers like 'c' and 'n'.
243   if (!AsmPrinter::PrintAsmOperand(MI, OpNum, AsmVariant, ExtraCode, O))
244     return false;
245 
246   // Does this asm operand have a single letter operand modifier?
247   if (ExtraCode && ExtraCode[0]) {
248     if (ExtraCode[1] != 0)
249       return true; // Unknown modifier.
250 
251     switch (ExtraCode[0]) {
252     default:
253       return true; // Unknown modifier.
254     case 'w':      // Print W register
255     case 'x':      // Print X register
256       if (MO.isReg())
257         return printAsmMRegister(MO, ExtraCode[0], O);
258       if (MO.isImm() && MO.getImm() == 0) {
259         unsigned Reg = ExtraCode[0] == 'w' ? AArch64::WZR : AArch64::XZR;
260         O << AArch64InstPrinter::getRegisterName(Reg);
261         return false;
262       }
263       printOperand(MI, OpNum, O);
264       return false;
265     case 'b': // Print B register.
266     case 'h': // Print H register.
267     case 's': // Print S register.
268     case 'd': // Print D register.
269     case 'q': // Print Q register.
270       if (MO.isReg()) {
271         const TargetRegisterClass *RC;
272         switch (ExtraCode[0]) {
273         case 'b':
274           RC = &AArch64::FPR8RegClass;
275           break;
276         case 'h':
277           RC = &AArch64::FPR16RegClass;
278           break;
279         case 's':
280           RC = &AArch64::FPR32RegClass;
281           break;
282         case 'd':
283           RC = &AArch64::FPR64RegClass;
284           break;
285         case 'q':
286           RC = &AArch64::FPR128RegClass;
287           break;
288         default:
289           return true;
290         }
291         return printAsmRegInClass(MO, RC, false /* vector */, O);
292       }
293       printOperand(MI, OpNum, O);
294       return false;
295     }
296   }
297 
298   // According to ARM, we should emit x and v registers unless we have a
299   // modifier.
300   if (MO.isReg()) {
301     unsigned Reg = MO.getReg();
302 
303     // If this is a w or x register, print an x register.
304     if (AArch64::GPR32allRegClass.contains(Reg) ||
305         AArch64::GPR64allRegClass.contains(Reg))
306       return printAsmMRegister(MO, 'x', O);
307 
308     // If this is a b, h, s, d, or q register, print it as a v register.
309     return printAsmRegInClass(MO, &AArch64::FPR128RegClass, true /* vector */,
310                               O);
311   }
312 
313   printOperand(MI, OpNum, O);
314   return false;
315 }
316 
317 bool AArch64AsmPrinter::PrintAsmMemoryOperand(const MachineInstr *MI,
318                                               unsigned OpNum,
319                                               unsigned AsmVariant,
320                                               const char *ExtraCode,
321                                               raw_ostream &O) {
322   if (ExtraCode && ExtraCode[0])
323     return true; // Unknown modifier.
324 
325   const MachineOperand &MO = MI->getOperand(OpNum);
326   assert(MO.isReg() && "unexpected inline asm memory operand");
327   O << "[" << AArch64InstPrinter::getRegisterName(MO.getReg()) << "]";
328   return false;
329 }
330 
331 void AArch64AsmPrinter::PrintDebugValueComment(const MachineInstr *MI,
332                                                raw_ostream &OS) {
333   unsigned NOps = MI->getNumOperands();
334   assert(NOps == 4);
335   OS << '\t' << MAI->getCommentString() << "DEBUG_VALUE: ";
336   // cast away const; DIetc do not take const operands for some reason.
337   OS << cast<DILocalVariable>(MI->getOperand(NOps - 2).getMetadata())
338             ->getName();
339   OS << " <- ";
340   // Frame address.  Currently handles register +- offset only.
341   assert(MI->getOperand(0).isReg() && MI->getOperand(1).isImm());
342   OS << '[';
343   printOperand(MI, 0, OS);
344   OS << '+';
345   printOperand(MI, 1, OS);
346   OS << ']';
347   OS << "+";
348   printOperand(MI, NOps - 2, OS);
349 }
350 
351 void AArch64AsmPrinter::LowerSTACKMAP(MCStreamer &OutStreamer, StackMaps &SM,
352                                       const MachineInstr &MI) {
353   unsigned NumNOPBytes = MI.getOperand(1).getImm();
354 
355   SM.recordStackMap(MI);
356   assert(NumNOPBytes % 4 == 0 && "Invalid number of NOP bytes requested!");
357 
358   // Scan ahead to trim the shadow.
359   const MachineBasicBlock &MBB = *MI.getParent();
360   MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator MII(MI);
361   ++MII;
362   while (NumNOPBytes > 0) {
363     if (MII == MBB.end() || MII->isCall() ||
364         MII->getOpcode() == AArch64::DBG_VALUE ||
365         MII->getOpcode() == TargetOpcode::PATCHPOINT ||
366         MII->getOpcode() == TargetOpcode::STACKMAP)
367       break;
368     ++MII;
369     NumNOPBytes -= 4;
370   }
371 
372   // Emit nops.
373   for (unsigned i = 0; i < NumNOPBytes; i += 4)
374     EmitToStreamer(OutStreamer, MCInstBuilder(AArch64::HINT).addImm(0));
375 }
376 
377 // Lower a patchpoint of the form:
378 // [<def>], <id>, <numBytes>, <target>, <numArgs>
379 void AArch64AsmPrinter::LowerPATCHPOINT(MCStreamer &OutStreamer, StackMaps &SM,
380                                         const MachineInstr &MI) {
381   SM.recordPatchPoint(MI);
382 
383   PatchPointOpers Opers(&MI);
384 
385   int64_t CallTarget = Opers.getMetaOper(PatchPointOpers::TargetPos).getImm();
386   unsigned EncodedBytes = 0;
387   if (CallTarget) {
388     assert((CallTarget & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFF) == CallTarget &&
389            "High 16 bits of call target should be zero.");
390     unsigned ScratchReg = MI.getOperand(Opers.getNextScratchIdx()).getReg();
391     EncodedBytes = 16;
392     // Materialize the jump address:
393     EmitToStreamer(OutStreamer, MCInstBuilder(AArch64::MOVZXi)
394                                     .addReg(ScratchReg)
395                                     .addImm((CallTarget >> 32) & 0xFFFF)
396                                     .addImm(32));
397     EmitToStreamer(OutStreamer, MCInstBuilder(AArch64::MOVKXi)
398                                     .addReg(ScratchReg)
399                                     .addReg(ScratchReg)
400                                     .addImm((CallTarget >> 16) & 0xFFFF)
401                                     .addImm(16));
402     EmitToStreamer(OutStreamer, MCInstBuilder(AArch64::MOVKXi)
403                                     .addReg(ScratchReg)
404                                     .addReg(ScratchReg)
405                                     .addImm(CallTarget & 0xFFFF)
406                                     .addImm(0));
407     EmitToStreamer(OutStreamer, MCInstBuilder(AArch64::BLR).addReg(ScratchReg));
408   }
409   // Emit padding.
410   unsigned NumBytes = Opers.getMetaOper(PatchPointOpers::NBytesPos).getImm();
411   assert(NumBytes >= EncodedBytes &&
412          "Patchpoint can't request size less than the length of a call.");
413   assert((NumBytes - EncodedBytes) % 4 == 0 &&
414          "Invalid number of NOP bytes requested!");
415   for (unsigned i = EncodedBytes; i < NumBytes; i += 4)
416     EmitToStreamer(OutStreamer, MCInstBuilder(AArch64::HINT).addImm(0));
417 }
418 
419 // Simple pseudo-instructions have their lowering (with expansion to real
420 // instructions) auto-generated.
421 #include "AArch64GenMCPseudoLowering.inc"
422 
423 void AArch64AsmPrinter::EmitInstruction(const MachineInstr *MI) {
424   // Do any auto-generated pseudo lowerings.
425   if (emitPseudoExpansionLowering(*OutStreamer, MI))
426     return;
427 
428   if (AArch64FI->getLOHRelated().count(MI)) {
429     // Generate a label for LOH related instruction
430     MCSymbol *LOHLabel = createTempSymbol("loh");
431     // Associate the instruction with the label
432     LOHInstToLabel[MI] = LOHLabel;
433     OutStreamer->EmitLabel(LOHLabel);
434   }
435 
436   // Do any manual lowerings.
437   switch (MI->getOpcode()) {
438   default:
439     break;
440   case AArch64::DBG_VALUE: {
441     if (isVerbose() && OutStreamer->hasRawTextSupport()) {
442       SmallString<128> TmpStr;
443       raw_svector_ostream OS(TmpStr);
444       PrintDebugValueComment(MI, OS);
445       OutStreamer->EmitRawText(StringRef(OS.str()));
446     }
447     return;
448   }
449 
450   // Tail calls use pseudo instructions so they have the proper code-gen
451   // attributes (isCall, isReturn, etc.). We lower them to the real
452   // instruction here.
453   case AArch64::TCRETURNri: {
454     MCInst TmpInst;
455     TmpInst.setOpcode(AArch64::BR);
456     TmpInst.addOperand(MCOperand::createReg(MI->getOperand(0).getReg()));
457     EmitToStreamer(*OutStreamer, TmpInst);
458     return;
459   }
460   case AArch64::TCRETURNdi: {
461     MCOperand Dest;
462     MCInstLowering.lowerOperand(MI->getOperand(0), Dest);
463     MCInst TmpInst;
464     TmpInst.setOpcode(AArch64::B);
465     TmpInst.addOperand(Dest);
466     EmitToStreamer(*OutStreamer, TmpInst);
467     return;
468   }
469   case AArch64::TLSDESC_CALLSEQ: {
470     /// lower this to:
471     ///    adrp  x0, :tlsdesc:var
472     ///    ldr   x1, [x0, #:tlsdesc_lo12:var]
473     ///    add   x0, x0, #:tlsdesc_lo12:var
474     ///    .tlsdesccall var
475     ///    blr   x1
476     ///    (TPIDR_EL0 offset now in x0)
477     const MachineOperand &MO_Sym = MI->getOperand(0);
478     MachineOperand MO_TLSDESC_LO12(MO_Sym), MO_TLSDESC(MO_Sym);
479     MCOperand Sym, SymTLSDescLo12, SymTLSDesc;
480     MO_TLSDESC_LO12.setTargetFlags(AArch64II::MO_TLS | AArch64II::MO_PAGEOFF |
481                                    AArch64II::MO_NC);
482     MO_TLSDESC.setTargetFlags(AArch64II::MO_TLS | AArch64II::MO_PAGE);
483     MCInstLowering.lowerOperand(MO_Sym, Sym);
484     MCInstLowering.lowerOperand(MO_TLSDESC_LO12, SymTLSDescLo12);
485     MCInstLowering.lowerOperand(MO_TLSDESC, SymTLSDesc);
486 
487     MCInst Adrp;
488     Adrp.setOpcode(AArch64::ADRP);
489     Adrp.addOperand(MCOperand::createReg(AArch64::X0));
490     Adrp.addOperand(SymTLSDesc);
491     EmitToStreamer(*OutStreamer, Adrp);
492 
493     MCInst Ldr;
494     Ldr.setOpcode(AArch64::LDRXui);
495     Ldr.addOperand(MCOperand::createReg(AArch64::X1));
496     Ldr.addOperand(MCOperand::createReg(AArch64::X0));
497     Ldr.addOperand(SymTLSDescLo12);
498     Ldr.addOperand(MCOperand::createImm(0));
499     EmitToStreamer(*OutStreamer, Ldr);
500 
501     MCInst Add;
502     Add.setOpcode(AArch64::ADDXri);
503     Add.addOperand(MCOperand::createReg(AArch64::X0));
504     Add.addOperand(MCOperand::createReg(AArch64::X0));
505     Add.addOperand(SymTLSDescLo12);
506     Add.addOperand(MCOperand::createImm(AArch64_AM::getShiftValue(0)));
507     EmitToStreamer(*OutStreamer, Add);
508 
509     // Emit a relocation-annotation. This expands to no code, but requests
510     // the following instruction gets an R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_CALL.
511     MCInst TLSDescCall;
512     TLSDescCall.setOpcode(AArch64::TLSDESCCALL);
513     TLSDescCall.addOperand(Sym);
514     EmitToStreamer(*OutStreamer, TLSDescCall);
515 
516     MCInst Blr;
517     Blr.setOpcode(AArch64::BLR);
518     Blr.addOperand(MCOperand::createReg(AArch64::X1));
519     EmitToStreamer(*OutStreamer, Blr);
520 
521     return;
522   }
523 
524   case TargetOpcode::STACKMAP:
525     return LowerSTACKMAP(*OutStreamer, SM, *MI);
526 
527   case TargetOpcode::PATCHPOINT:
528     return LowerPATCHPOINT(*OutStreamer, SM, *MI);
529   }
530 
531   // Finally, do the automated lowerings for everything else.
532   MCInst TmpInst;
533   MCInstLowering.Lower(MI, TmpInst);
534   EmitToStreamer(*OutStreamer, TmpInst);
535 }
536 
537 // Force static initialization.
538 extern "C" void LLVMInitializeAArch64AsmPrinter() {
539   RegisterAsmPrinter<AArch64AsmPrinter> X(TheAArch64leTarget);
540   RegisterAsmPrinter<AArch64AsmPrinter> Y(TheAArch64beTarget);
541   RegisterAsmPrinter<AArch64AsmPrinter> Z(TheARM64Target);
542 }
543