1 //===-- ExternalFunctions.cpp - Implement External Functions --------------===//
2 //
3 //  This file contains both code to deal with invoking "external" functions, but
4 //  also contains code that implements "exported" external functions.
5 //
6 //  External functions in LLI are implemented by dlopen'ing the lli executable
7 //  and using dlsym to look op the functions that we want to invoke.  If a
8 //  function is found, then the arguments are mangled and passed in to the
9 //  function call.
10 //
11 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
12 
13 #include "Interpreter.h"
14 #include "ExecutionAnnotations.h"
15 #include "llvm/Module.h"
16 #include "llvm/DerivedTypes.h"
17 #include "llvm/SymbolTable.h"
18 #include "llvm/Target/TargetData.h"
19 #include <map>
20 #include <dlfcn.h>
21 #include <link.h>
22 #include <math.h>
23 #include <stdio.h>
24 using std::vector;
25 using std::cout;
26 
27 typedef GenericValue (*ExFunc)(FunctionType *, const vector<GenericValue> &);
28 static std::map<const Function *, ExFunc> Functions;
29 static std::map<std::string, ExFunc> FuncNames;
30 
31 static Interpreter *TheInterpreter;
32 
33 // getCurrentExecutablePath() - Return the directory that the lli executable
34 // lives in.
35 //
36 std::string Interpreter::getCurrentExecutablePath() const {
37   Dl_info Info;
38   if (dladdr(&TheInterpreter, &Info) == 0) return "";
39 
40   std::string LinkAddr(Info.dli_fname);
41   unsigned SlashPos = LinkAddr.rfind('/');
42   if (SlashPos != std::string::npos)
43     LinkAddr.resize(SlashPos);    // Trim the executable name off...
44 
45   return LinkAddr;
46 }
47 
48 
49 static char getTypeID(const Type *Ty) {
50   switch (Ty->getPrimitiveID()) {
51   case Type::VoidTyID:    return 'V';
52   case Type::BoolTyID:    return 'o';
53   case Type::UByteTyID:   return 'B';
54   case Type::SByteTyID:   return 'b';
55   case Type::UShortTyID:  return 'S';
56   case Type::ShortTyID:   return 's';
57   case Type::UIntTyID:    return 'I';
58   case Type::IntTyID:     return 'i';
59   case Type::ULongTyID:   return 'L';
60   case Type::LongTyID:    return 'l';
61   case Type::FloatTyID:   return 'F';
62   case Type::DoubleTyID:  return 'D';
63   case Type::PointerTyID: return 'P';
64   case Type::FunctionTyID:  return 'M';
65   case Type::StructTyID:  return 'T';
66   case Type::ArrayTyID:   return 'A';
67   case Type::OpaqueTyID:  return 'O';
68   default: return 'U';
69   }
70 }
71 
72 static ExFunc lookupFunction(const Function *M) {
73   // Function not found, look it up... start by figuring out what the
74   // composite function name should be.
75   std::string ExtName = "lle_";
76   const FunctionType *MT = M->getFunctionType();
77   for (unsigned i = 0; const Type *Ty = MT->getContainedType(i); ++i)
78     ExtName += getTypeID(Ty);
79   ExtName += "_" + M->getName();
80 
81   //cout << "Tried: '" << ExtName << "'\n";
82   ExFunc FnPtr = FuncNames[ExtName];
83   if (FnPtr == 0)
84     FnPtr = (ExFunc)dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, ExtName.c_str());
85   if (FnPtr == 0)
86     FnPtr = FuncNames["lle_X_"+M->getName()];
87   if (FnPtr == 0)  // Try calling a generic function... if it exists...
88     FnPtr = (ExFunc)dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, ("lle_X_"+M->getName()).c_str());
89   if (FnPtr != 0)
90     Functions.insert(std::make_pair(M, FnPtr));  // Cache for later
91   return FnPtr;
92 }
93 
94 GenericValue Interpreter::callExternalMethod(Function *M,
95                                          const vector<GenericValue> &ArgVals) {
96   TheInterpreter = this;
97 
98   // Do a lookup to see if the function is in our cache... this should just be a
99   // defered annotation!
100   std::map<const Function *, ExFunc>::iterator FI = Functions.find(M);
101   ExFunc Fn = (FI == Functions.end()) ? lookupFunction(M) : FI->second;
102   if (Fn == 0) {
103     cout << "Tried to execute an unknown external function: "
104 	 << M->getType()->getDescription() << " " << M->getName() << "\n";
105     return GenericValue();
106   }
107 
108   // TODO: FIXME when types are not const!
109   GenericValue Result = Fn(const_cast<FunctionType*>(M->getFunctionType()),
110                            ArgVals);
111   return Result;
112 }
113 
114 
115 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
116 //  Functions "exported" to the running application...
117 //
118 extern "C" {  // Don't add C++ manglings to llvm mangling :)
119 
120 // Implement void printstr([ubyte {x N}] *)
121 GenericValue lle_VP_printstr(FunctionType *M,
122 			     const vector<GenericValue> &ArgVal){
123   assert(ArgVal.size() == 1 && "printstr only takes one argument!");
124   cout << (char*)GVTOP(ArgVal[0]);
125   return GenericValue();
126 }
127 
128 // Implement 'void print(X)' for every type...
129 GenericValue lle_X_print(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &ArgVals) {
130   assert(ArgVals.size() == 1 && "generic print only takes one argument!");
131 
132   Interpreter::print(M->getParamTypes()[0], ArgVals[0]);
133   return GenericValue();
134 }
135 
136 // Implement 'void printVal(X)' for every type...
137 GenericValue lle_X_printVal(FunctionType *M,
138 			    const vector<GenericValue> &ArgVal) {
139   assert(ArgVal.size() == 1 && "generic print only takes one argument!");
140 
141   // Specialize print([ubyte {x N} ] *) and print(sbyte *)
142   if (const PointerType *PTy =
143       dyn_cast<PointerType>(M->getParamTypes()[0].get()))
144     if (PTy->getElementType() == Type::SByteTy ||
145         isa<ArrayType>(PTy->getElementType())) {
146       return lle_VP_printstr(M, ArgVal);
147     }
148 
149   Interpreter::printValue(M->getParamTypes()[0], ArgVal[0]);
150   return GenericValue();
151 }
152 
153 // Implement 'void printString(X)'
154 // Argument must be [ubyte {x N} ] * or sbyte *
155 GenericValue lle_X_printString(FunctionType *M,
156 			       const vector<GenericValue> &ArgVal) {
157   assert(ArgVal.size() == 1 && "generic print only takes one argument!");
158   return lle_VP_printstr(M, ArgVal);
159 }
160 
161 // Implement 'void print<TYPE>(X)' for each primitive type or pointer type
162 #define PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(TYPENAME,TYPEID) \
163   GenericValue lle_X_print##TYPENAME(FunctionType *M,\
164                                      const vector<GenericValue> &ArgVal) {\
165     assert(ArgVal.size() == 1 && "generic print only takes one argument!");\
166     assert(M->getParamTypes()[0].get()->getPrimitiveID() == Type::TYPEID);\
167     Interpreter::printValue(M->getParamTypes()[0], ArgVal[0]);\
168     return GenericValue();\
169   }
170 
171 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(SByte,   SByteTyID)
172 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(UByte,   UByteTyID)
173 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(Short,   ShortTyID)
174 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(UShort,  UShortTyID)
175 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(Int,     IntTyID)
176 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(UInt,    UIntTyID)
177 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(Long,    LongTyID)
178 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(ULong,   ULongTyID)
179 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(Float,   FloatTyID)
180 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(Double,  DoubleTyID)
181 PRINT_TYPE_FUNC(Pointer, PointerTyID)
182 
183 
184 // void putchar(sbyte)
185 GenericValue lle_Vb_putchar(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
186   cout << Args[0].SByteVal;
187   return GenericValue();
188 }
189 
190 // int putchar(int)
191 GenericValue lle_ii_putchar(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
192   cout << ((char)Args[0].IntVal) << std::flush;
193   return Args[0];
194 }
195 
196 // void putchar(ubyte)
197 GenericValue lle_VB_putchar(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
198   cout << Args[0].SByteVal << std::flush;
199   return Args[0];
200 }
201 
202 // void __main()
203 GenericValue lle_V___main(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
204   return GenericValue();
205 }
206 
207 // void exit(int)
208 GenericValue lle_X_exit(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
209   TheInterpreter->exitCalled(Args[0]);
210   return GenericValue();
211 }
212 
213 // void abort(void)
214 GenericValue lle_X_abort(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
215   std::cerr << "***PROGRAM ABORTED***!\n";
216   GenericValue GV;
217   GV.IntVal = 1;
218   TheInterpreter->exitCalled(GV);
219   return GenericValue();
220 }
221 
222 // void *malloc(uint)
223 GenericValue lle_X_malloc(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
224   assert(Args.size() == 1 && "Malloc expects one argument!");
225   return PTOGV(malloc(Args[0].UIntVal));
226 }
227 
228 // void free(void *)
229 GenericValue lle_X_free(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
230   assert(Args.size() == 1);
231   free(GVTOP(Args[0]));
232   return GenericValue();
233 }
234 
235 // int atoi(char *)
236 GenericValue lle_X_atoi(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
237   assert(Args.size() == 1);
238   GenericValue GV;
239   GV.IntVal = atoi((char*)GVTOP(Args[0]));
240   return GV;
241 }
242 
243 // double pow(double, double)
244 GenericValue lle_X_pow(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
245   assert(Args.size() == 2);
246   GenericValue GV;
247   GV.DoubleVal = pow(Args[0].DoubleVal, Args[1].DoubleVal);
248   return GV;
249 }
250 
251 // double exp(double)
252 GenericValue lle_X_exp(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
253   assert(Args.size() == 1);
254   GenericValue GV;
255   GV.DoubleVal = exp(Args[0].DoubleVal);
256   return GV;
257 }
258 
259 // double sqrt(double)
260 GenericValue lle_X_sqrt(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
261   assert(Args.size() == 1);
262   GenericValue GV;
263   GV.DoubleVal = sqrt(Args[0].DoubleVal);
264   return GV;
265 }
266 
267 // double log(double)
268 GenericValue lle_X_log(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
269   assert(Args.size() == 1);
270   GenericValue GV;
271   GV.DoubleVal = log(Args[0].DoubleVal);
272   return GV;
273 }
274 
275 // int isnan(double value);
276 GenericValue lle_X_isnan(FunctionType *F, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
277   assert(Args.size() == 1);
278   GenericValue GV;
279   GV.IntVal = isnan(Args[0].DoubleVal);
280   return GV;
281 }
282 
283 // double floor(double)
284 GenericValue lle_X_floor(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
285   assert(Args.size() == 1);
286   GenericValue GV;
287   GV.DoubleVal = floor(Args[0].DoubleVal);
288   return GV;
289 }
290 
291 // double drand48()
292 GenericValue lle_X_drand48(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
293   assert(Args.size() == 0);
294   GenericValue GV;
295   GV.DoubleVal = drand48();
296   return GV;
297 }
298 
299 // long lrand48()
300 GenericValue lle_X_lrand48(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
301   assert(Args.size() == 0);
302   GenericValue GV;
303   GV.IntVal = lrand48();
304   return GV;
305 }
306 
307 // void srand48(long)
308 GenericValue lle_X_srand48(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
309   assert(Args.size() == 1);
310   srand48(Args[0].IntVal);
311   return GenericValue();
312 }
313 
314 // void srand(uint)
315 GenericValue lle_X_srand(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
316   assert(Args.size() == 1);
317   srand(Args[0].UIntVal);
318   return GenericValue();
319 }
320 
321 // int puts(const char*)
322 GenericValue lle_X_puts(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
323   assert(Args.size() == 1);
324   GenericValue GV;
325   GV.IntVal = puts((char*)GVTOP(Args[0]));
326   return GV;
327 }
328 
329 // int sprintf(sbyte *, sbyte *, ...) - a very rough implementation to make
330 // output useful.
331 GenericValue lle_X_sprintf(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
332   char *OutputBuffer = (char *)GVTOP(Args[0]);
333   const char *FmtStr = (const char *)GVTOP(Args[1]);
334   unsigned ArgNo = 2;
335 
336   // printf should return # chars printed.  This is completely incorrect, but
337   // close enough for now.
338   GenericValue GV; GV.IntVal = strlen(FmtStr);
339   while (1) {
340     switch (*FmtStr) {
341     case 0: return GV;             // Null terminator...
342     default:                       // Normal nonspecial character
343       sprintf(OutputBuffer++, "%c", *FmtStr++);
344       break;
345     case '\\': {                   // Handle escape codes
346       sprintf(OutputBuffer, "%c%c", *FmtStr, *(FmtStr+1));
347       FmtStr += 2; OutputBuffer += 2;
348       break;
349     }
350     case '%': {                    // Handle format specifiers
351       char FmtBuf[100] = "", Buffer[1000] = "";
352       char *FB = FmtBuf;
353       *FB++ = *FmtStr++;
354       char Last = *FB++ = *FmtStr++;
355       unsigned HowLong = 0;
356       while (Last != 'c' && Last != 'd' && Last != 'i' && Last != 'u' &&
357              Last != 'o' && Last != 'x' && Last != 'X' && Last != 'e' &&
358              Last != 'E' && Last != 'g' && Last != 'G' && Last != 'f' &&
359              Last != 'p' && Last != 's' && Last != '%') {
360         if (Last == 'l' || Last == 'L') HowLong++;  // Keep track of l's
361         Last = *FB++ = *FmtStr++;
362       }
363       *FB = 0;
364 
365       switch (Last) {
366       case '%':
367         sprintf(Buffer, FmtBuf); break;
368       case 'c':
369         sprintf(Buffer, FmtBuf, Args[ArgNo++].IntVal); break;
370       case 'd': case 'i':
371       case 'u': case 'o':
372       case 'x': case 'X':
373         if (HowLong >= 1) {
374           if (HowLong == 1) {
375             // Make sure we use %lld with a 64 bit argument because we might be
376             // compiling LLI on a 32 bit compiler.
377             unsigned Size = strlen(FmtBuf);
378             FmtBuf[Size] = FmtBuf[Size-1];
379             FmtBuf[Size+1] = 0;
380             FmtBuf[Size-1] = 'l';
381           }
382           sprintf(Buffer, FmtBuf, Args[ArgNo++].ULongVal);
383         } else
384           sprintf(Buffer, FmtBuf, Args[ArgNo++].IntVal); break;
385       case 'e': case 'E': case 'g': case 'G': case 'f':
386         sprintf(Buffer, FmtBuf, Args[ArgNo++].DoubleVal); break;
387       case 'p':
388         sprintf(Buffer, FmtBuf, (void*)GVTOP(Args[ArgNo++])); break;
389       case 's':
390         sprintf(Buffer, FmtBuf, (char*)GVTOP(Args[ArgNo++])); break;
391       default:  cout << "<unknown printf code '" << *FmtStr << "'!>";
392         ArgNo++; break;
393       }
394       strcpy(OutputBuffer, Buffer);
395       OutputBuffer += strlen(Buffer);
396       }
397       break;
398     }
399   }
400 }
401 
402 // int printf(sbyte *, ...) - a very rough implementation to make output useful.
403 GenericValue lle_X_printf(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
404   char Buffer[10000];
405   vector<GenericValue> NewArgs;
406   NewArgs.push_back(PTOGV(Buffer));
407   NewArgs.insert(NewArgs.end(), Args.begin(), Args.end());
408   GenericValue GV = lle_X_sprintf(M, NewArgs);
409   cout << Buffer;
410   return GV;
411 }
412 
413 // int sscanf(const char *format, ...);
414 GenericValue lle_X_sscanf(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &args) {
415   assert(args.size() < 10 && "Only handle up to 10 args to sscanf right now!");
416 
417   const char *Args[10];
418   for (unsigned i = 0; i < args.size(); ++i)
419     Args[i] = (const char*)GVTOP(args[i]);
420 
421   GenericValue GV;
422   GV.IntVal = sscanf(Args[0], Args[1], Args[2], Args[3], Args[4],
423                      Args[5], Args[6], Args[7], Args[8], Args[9]);
424   return GV;
425 }
426 
427 
428 // int clock(void) - Profiling implementation
429 GenericValue lle_i_clock(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
430   extern int clock(void);
431   GenericValue GV; GV.IntVal = clock();
432   return GV;
433 }
434 
435 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
436 // IO Functions...
437 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
438 
439 // getFILE - Turn a pointer in the host address space into a legit pointer in
440 // the interpreter address space.  For the most part, this is an identity
441 // transformation, but if the program refers to stdio, stderr, stdin then they
442 // have pointers that are relative to the __iob array.  If this is the case,
443 // change the FILE into the REAL stdio stream.
444 //
445 static FILE *getFILE(void *Ptr) {
446   static Module *LastMod = 0;
447   static PointerTy IOBBase = 0;
448   static unsigned FILESize;
449 
450   if (LastMod != &TheInterpreter->getModule()) { // Module change or initialize?
451     Module *M = LastMod = &TheInterpreter->getModule();
452 
453     // Check to see if the currently loaded module contains an __iob symbol...
454     GlobalVariable *IOB = 0;
455     SymbolTable &ST = M->getSymbolTable();
456     for (SymbolTable::iterator I = ST.begin(), E = ST.end(); I != E; ++I) {
457       SymbolTable::VarMap &M = I->second;
458       for (SymbolTable::VarMap::iterator J = M.begin(), E = M.end();
459            J != E; ++J)
460         if (J->first == "__iob")
461           if ((IOB = dyn_cast<GlobalVariable>(J->second)))
462             break;
463       if (IOB) break;
464     }
465 
466 #if 0   /// FIXME!  __iob support for LLI
467     // If we found an __iob symbol now, find out what the actual address it's
468     // held in is...
469     if (IOB) {
470       // Get the address the array lives in...
471       GlobalAddress *Address =
472         (GlobalAddress*)IOB->getOrCreateAnnotation(GlobalAddressAID);
473       IOBBase = (PointerTy)(GenericValue*)Address->Ptr;
474 
475       // Figure out how big each element of the array is...
476       const ArrayType *AT =
477         dyn_cast<ArrayType>(IOB->getType()->getElementType());
478       if (AT)
479         FILESize = TD.getTypeSize(AT->getElementType());
480       else
481         FILESize = 16*8;  // Default size
482     }
483 #endif
484   }
485 
486   // Check to see if this is a reference to __iob...
487   if (IOBBase) {
488     unsigned FDNum = ((unsigned long)Ptr-IOBBase)/FILESize;
489     if (FDNum == 0)
490       return stdin;
491     else if (FDNum == 1)
492       return stdout;
493     else if (FDNum == 2)
494       return stderr;
495   }
496 
497   return (FILE*)Ptr;
498 }
499 
500 
501 // FILE *fopen(const char *filename, const char *mode);
502 GenericValue lle_X_fopen(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
503   assert(Args.size() == 2);
504   return PTOGV(fopen((const char *)GVTOP(Args[0]),
505 		     (const char *)GVTOP(Args[1])));
506 }
507 
508 // int fclose(FILE *F);
509 GenericValue lle_X_fclose(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
510   assert(Args.size() == 1);
511   GenericValue GV;
512   GV.IntVal = fclose(getFILE(GVTOP(Args[0])));
513   return GV;
514 }
515 
516 // int feof(FILE *stream);
517 GenericValue lle_X_feof(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
518   assert(Args.size() == 1);
519   GenericValue GV;
520 
521   GV.IntVal = feof(getFILE(GVTOP(Args[0])));
522   return GV;
523 }
524 
525 // size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems, FILE *stream);
526 GenericValue lle_X_fread(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
527   assert(Args.size() == 4);
528   GenericValue GV;
529 
530   GV.UIntVal = fread((void*)GVTOP(Args[0]), Args[1].UIntVal,
531                      Args[2].UIntVal, getFILE(GVTOP(Args[3])));
532   return GV;
533 }
534 
535 // size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems, FILE *stream);
536 GenericValue lle_X_fwrite(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
537   assert(Args.size() == 4);
538   GenericValue GV;
539 
540   GV.UIntVal = fwrite((void*)GVTOP(Args[0]), Args[1].UIntVal,
541                       Args[2].UIntVal, getFILE(GVTOP(Args[3])));
542   return GV;
543 }
544 
545 // char *fgets(char *s, int n, FILE *stream);
546 GenericValue lle_X_fgets(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
547   assert(Args.size() == 3);
548   return GVTOP(fgets((char*)GVTOP(Args[0]), Args[1].IntVal,
549 		     getFILE(GVTOP(Args[2]))));
550 }
551 
552 // FILE *freopen(const char *path, const char *mode, FILE *stream);
553 GenericValue lle_X_freopen(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
554   assert(Args.size() == 3);
555   return PTOGV(freopen((char*)GVTOP(Args[0]), (char*)GVTOP(Args[1]),
556 		       getFILE(GVTOP(Args[2]))));
557 }
558 
559 // int fflush(FILE *stream);
560 GenericValue lle_X_fflush(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
561   assert(Args.size() == 1);
562   GenericValue GV;
563   GV.IntVal = fflush(getFILE(GVTOP(Args[0])));
564   return GV;
565 }
566 
567 // int getc(FILE *stream);
568 GenericValue lle_X_getc(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
569   assert(Args.size() == 1);
570   GenericValue GV;
571   GV.IntVal = getc(getFILE(GVTOP(Args[0])));
572   return GV;
573 }
574 
575 // int fputc(int C, FILE *stream);
576 GenericValue lle_X_fputc(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
577   assert(Args.size() == 2);
578   GenericValue GV;
579   GV.IntVal = fputc(Args[0].IntVal, getFILE(GVTOP(Args[1])));
580   return GV;
581 }
582 
583 // int ungetc(int C, FILE *stream);
584 GenericValue lle_X_ungetc(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
585   assert(Args.size() == 2);
586   GenericValue GV;
587   GV.IntVal = ungetc(Args[0].IntVal, getFILE(GVTOP(Args[1])));
588   return GV;
589 }
590 
591 // int fprintf(FILE *,sbyte *, ...) - a very rough implementation to make output
592 // useful.
593 GenericValue lle_X_fprintf(FunctionType *M, const vector<GenericValue> &Args) {
594   assert(Args.size() > 2);
595   char Buffer[10000];
596   vector<GenericValue> NewArgs;
597   NewArgs.push_back(PTOGV(Buffer));
598   NewArgs.insert(NewArgs.end(), Args.begin()+1, Args.end());
599   GenericValue GV = lle_X_sprintf(M, NewArgs);
600 
601   fputs(Buffer, getFILE(GVTOP(Args[0])));
602   return GV;
603 }
604 
605 } // End extern "C"
606 
607 
608 void Interpreter::initializeExternalMethods() {
609   FuncNames["lle_VP_printstr"] = lle_VP_printstr;
610   FuncNames["lle_X_print"] = lle_X_print;
611   FuncNames["lle_X_printVal"] = lle_X_printVal;
612   FuncNames["lle_X_printString"] = lle_X_printString;
613   FuncNames["lle_X_printUByte"] = lle_X_printUByte;
614   FuncNames["lle_X_printSByte"] = lle_X_printSByte;
615   FuncNames["lle_X_printUShort"] = lle_X_printUShort;
616   FuncNames["lle_X_printShort"] = lle_X_printShort;
617   FuncNames["lle_X_printInt"] = lle_X_printInt;
618   FuncNames["lle_X_printUInt"] = lle_X_printUInt;
619   FuncNames["lle_X_printLong"] = lle_X_printLong;
620   FuncNames["lle_X_printULong"] = lle_X_printULong;
621   FuncNames["lle_X_printFloat"] = lle_X_printFloat;
622   FuncNames["lle_X_printDouble"] = lle_X_printDouble;
623   FuncNames["lle_X_printPointer"] = lle_X_printPointer;
624   FuncNames["lle_Vb_putchar"]     = lle_Vb_putchar;
625   FuncNames["lle_ii_putchar"]     = lle_ii_putchar;
626   FuncNames["lle_VB_putchar"]     = lle_VB_putchar;
627   FuncNames["lle_V___main"]       = lle_V___main;
628   FuncNames["lle_X_exit"]         = lle_X_exit;
629   FuncNames["lle_X_abort"]        = lle_X_abort;
630   FuncNames["lle_X_malloc"]       = lle_X_malloc;
631   FuncNames["lle_X_free"]         = lle_X_free;
632   FuncNames["lle_X_atoi"]         = lle_X_atoi;
633   FuncNames["lle_X_pow"]          = lle_X_pow;
634   FuncNames["lle_X_exp"]          = lle_X_exp;
635   FuncNames["lle_X_log"]          = lle_X_log;
636   FuncNames["lle_X_isnan"]        = lle_X_isnan;
637   FuncNames["lle_X_floor"]        = lle_X_floor;
638   FuncNames["lle_X_srand"]        = lle_X_srand;
639   FuncNames["lle_X_drand48"]      = lle_X_drand48;
640   FuncNames["lle_X_srand48"]      = lle_X_srand48;
641   FuncNames["lle_X_lrand48"]      = lle_X_lrand48;
642   FuncNames["lle_X_sqrt"]         = lle_X_sqrt;
643   FuncNames["lle_X_puts"]         = lle_X_puts;
644   FuncNames["lle_X_printf"]       = lle_X_printf;
645   FuncNames["lle_X_sprintf"]      = lle_X_sprintf;
646   FuncNames["lle_X_sscanf"]       = lle_X_sscanf;
647   FuncNames["lle_i_clock"]        = lle_i_clock;
648   FuncNames["lle_X_fopen"]        = lle_X_fopen;
649   FuncNames["lle_X_fclose"]       = lle_X_fclose;
650   FuncNames["lle_X_feof"]         = lle_X_feof;
651   FuncNames["lle_X_fread"]        = lle_X_fread;
652   FuncNames["lle_X_fwrite"]       = lle_X_fwrite;
653   FuncNames["lle_X_fgets"]        = lle_X_fgets;
654   FuncNames["lle_X_fflush"]       = lle_X_fflush;
655   FuncNames["lle_X_fgetc"]        = lle_X_getc;
656   FuncNames["lle_X_getc"]         = lle_X_getc;
657   FuncNames["lle_X_fputc"]        = lle_X_fputc;
658   FuncNames["lle_X_ungetc"]       = lle_X_ungetc;
659   FuncNames["lle_X_fprintf"]      = lle_X_fprintf;
660   FuncNames["lle_X_freopen"]      = lle_X_freopen;
661 }
662