1a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov //===-- SafeStackLayout.cpp - SafeStack frame layout -----------*- C++ -*--===//
2a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov //
3a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov //
5a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov //
8a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
10a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov #include "SafeStackLayout.h"
11a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
12a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
13a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
14a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
15a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov using namespace llvm;
16a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov using namespace llvm::safestack;
17a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
18a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov #define DEBUG_TYPE "safestacklayout"
19a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
20a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov static cl::opt<bool> ClLayout("safe-stack-layout",
21a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov                               cl::desc("enable safe stack layout"), cl::Hidden,
22a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov                               cl::init(true));
23a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
24a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov LLVM_DUMP_METHOD void StackLayout::print(raw_ostream &OS) {
25a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   OS << "Stack regions:\n";
26a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   for (unsigned i = 0; i < Regions.size(); ++i) {
27a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     OS << "  " << i << ": [" << Regions[i].Start << ", " << Regions[i].End
28a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov        << "), range " << Regions[i].Range << "\n";
29a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   }
30a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   OS << "Stack objects:\n";
31a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   for (auto &IT : ObjectOffsets) {
32a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     OS << "  at " << IT.getSecond() << ": " << *IT.getFirst() << "\n";
33a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   }
34a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov }
35a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
36a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov void StackLayout::addObject(const Value *V, unsigned Size, unsigned Alignment,
37a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov                             const StackColoring::LiveRange &Range) {
38a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   StackObjects.push_back({V, Size, Alignment, Range});
39a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   MaxAlignment = std::max(MaxAlignment, Alignment);
40a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov }
41a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
42a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov static unsigned AdjustStackOffset(unsigned Offset, unsigned Size,
43a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov                                   unsigned Alignment) {
44a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   return alignTo(Offset + Size, Alignment) - Size;
45a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov }
46a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
47a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov void StackLayout::layoutObject(StackObject &Obj) {
48a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   if (!ClLayout) {
49a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     // If layout is disabled, just grab the next aligned address.
50a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     // This effectively disables stack coloring as well.
51a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     unsigned LastRegionEnd = Regions.empty() ? 0 : Regions.back().End;
52a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     unsigned Start = AdjustStackOffset(LastRegionEnd, Obj.Size, Obj.Alignment);
53a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     unsigned End = Start + Obj.Size;
54a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     Regions.emplace_back(Start, End, Obj.Range);
55a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     ObjectOffsets[Obj.Handle] = End;
56a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     return;
57a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   }
58a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
59a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   DEBUG(dbgs() << "Layout: size " << Obj.Size << ", align " << Obj.Alignment
60a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov                << ", range " << Obj.Range << "\n");
61a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   assert(Obj.Alignment <= MaxAlignment);
62a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   unsigned Start = AdjustStackOffset(0, Obj.Size, Obj.Alignment);
63a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   unsigned End = Start + Obj.Size;
64a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   DEBUG(dbgs() << "  First candidate: " << Start << " .. " << End << "\n");
65a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   for (const StackRegion &R : Regions) {
66a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Examining region: " << R.Start << " .. " << R.End
67a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov                  << ", range " << R.Range << "\n");
68a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     assert(End >= R.Start);
69a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     if (Start >= R.End) {
70a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Does not intersect, skip.\n");
71a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       continue;
72a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     }
73a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     if (Obj.Range.Overlaps(R.Range)) {
74a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       // Find the next appropriate location.
75a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       Start = AdjustStackOffset(R.End, Obj.Size, Obj.Alignment);
76a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       End = Start + Obj.Size;
77a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Overlaps. Next candidate: " << Start << " .. " << End
78a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov                    << "\n");
79a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       continue;
80a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     }
81a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     if (End <= R.End) {
82a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Reusing region(s).\n");
83a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       break;
84a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     }
85a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   }
86a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
87a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   unsigned LastRegionEnd = Regions.empty() ? 0 : Regions.back().End;
88a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   if (End > LastRegionEnd) {
89a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     // Insert a new region at the end. Maybe two.
90a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     if (Start > LastRegionEnd) {
91a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Creating gap region: " << LastRegionEnd << " .. "
92a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov                    << Start << "\n");
93a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       Regions.emplace_back(LastRegionEnd, Start, StackColoring::LiveRange());
94a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       LastRegionEnd = Start;
95a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     }
96a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Creating new region: " << LastRegionEnd << " .. " << End
97a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov                  << ", range " << Obj.Range << "\n");
98a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     Regions.emplace_back(LastRegionEnd, End, Obj.Range);
99a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     LastRegionEnd = End;
100a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   }
101a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
102a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   // Split starting and ending regions if necessary.
1038d78bd50SEvgeniy Stepanov   for (unsigned i = 0; i < Regions.size(); ++i) {
1048d78bd50SEvgeniy Stepanov     StackRegion &R = Regions[i];
105a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     if (Start > R.Start && Start < R.End) {
106a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       StackRegion R0 = R;
107a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       R.Start = R0.End = Start;
108a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       Regions.insert(&R, R0);
109a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       continue;
110a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     }
111a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     if (End > R.Start && End < R.End) {
112a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       StackRegion R0 = R;
113a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       R0.End = R.Start = End;
114a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       Regions.insert(&R, R0);
115a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       break;
116a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     }
117a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   }
118a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
119a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   // Update live ranges for all affected regions.
120a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   for (StackRegion &R : Regions) {
121a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     if (Start < R.End && End > R.Start)
122a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       R.Range.Join(Obj.Range);
123a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     if (End <= R.End)
124a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov       break;
125a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   }
126a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
127a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   ObjectOffsets[Obj.Handle] = End;
128a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov }
129a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
130a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov void StackLayout::computeLayout() {
131a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   // Simple greedy algorithm.
132a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   // If this is replaced with something smarter, it must preserve the property
133a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   // that the first object is always at the offset 0 in the stack frame (for
134a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   // StackProtectorSlot), or handle stack protector in some other way.
135*d99f80b4SEvgeniy Stepanov 
136*d99f80b4SEvgeniy Stepanov   // Sort objects by size (largest first) to reduce fragmentation.
137*d99f80b4SEvgeniy Stepanov   if (StackObjects.size() > 2)
138*d99f80b4SEvgeniy Stepanov     std::stable_sort(StackObjects.begin() + 1, StackObjects.end(),
139*d99f80b4SEvgeniy Stepanov                      [](const StackObject &a, const StackObject &b) {
140*d99f80b4SEvgeniy Stepanov                        return a.Size > b.Size;
141*d99f80b4SEvgeniy Stepanov                      });
142*d99f80b4SEvgeniy Stepanov 
143a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   for (auto &Obj : StackObjects)
144a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov     layoutObject(Obj);
145a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov 
146a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov   DEBUG(print(dbgs()));
147a5da256fSEvgeniy Stepanov }
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