1 //===-- ProcessElfCore.cpp --------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 // C Includes
11 #include <stdlib.h>
12 
13 // C++ Includes
14 #include <mutex>
15 
16 // Other libraries and framework includes
17 #include "lldb/Core/PluginManager.h"
18 #include "lldb/Core/Module.h"
19 #include "lldb/Core/ModuleSpec.h"
20 #include "lldb/Core/Section.h"
21 #include "lldb/Core/State.h"
22 #include "lldb/Core/DataBufferHeap.h"
23 #include "lldb/Core/Log.h"
24 #include "lldb/Target/Target.h"
25 #include "lldb/Target/DynamicLoader.h"
26 #include "lldb/Target/UnixSignals.h"
27 
28 #include "llvm/Support/ELF.h"
29 
30 #include "Plugins/ObjectFile/ELF/ObjectFileELF.h"
31 #include "Plugins/DynamicLoader/POSIX-DYLD/DynamicLoaderPOSIXDYLD.h"
32 
33 // Project includes
34 #include "ProcessElfCore.h"
35 #include "ThreadElfCore.h"
36 
37 using namespace lldb_private;
38 
39 ConstString
40 ProcessElfCore::GetPluginNameStatic()
41 {
42     static ConstString g_name("elf-core");
43     return g_name;
44 }
45 
46 const char *
47 ProcessElfCore::GetPluginDescriptionStatic()
48 {
49     return "ELF core dump plug-in.";
50 }
51 
52 void
53 ProcessElfCore::Terminate()
54 {
55     PluginManager::UnregisterPlugin (ProcessElfCore::CreateInstance);
56 }
57 
58 
59 lldb::ProcessSP
60 ProcessElfCore::CreateInstance (lldb::TargetSP target_sp, lldb::ListenerSP listener_sp, const FileSpec *crash_file)
61 {
62     lldb::ProcessSP process_sp;
63     if (crash_file)
64     {
65         // Read enough data for a ELF32 header or ELF64 header
66         const size_t header_size = sizeof(llvm::ELF::Elf64_Ehdr);
67 
68         lldb::DataBufferSP data_sp (crash_file->ReadFileContents(0, header_size));
69         if (data_sp && data_sp->GetByteSize() == header_size &&
70             elf::ELFHeader::MagicBytesMatch (data_sp->GetBytes()))
71         {
72             elf::ELFHeader elf_header;
73             DataExtractor data(data_sp, lldb::eByteOrderLittle, 4);
74             lldb::offset_t data_offset = 0;
75             if (elf_header.Parse(data, &data_offset))
76             {
77                 if (elf_header.e_type == llvm::ELF::ET_CORE)
78                     process_sp.reset(new ProcessElfCore (target_sp, listener_sp, *crash_file));
79             }
80         }
81     }
82     return process_sp;
83 }
84 
85 bool
86 ProcessElfCore::CanDebug(lldb::TargetSP target_sp, bool plugin_specified_by_name)
87 {
88     // For now we are just making sure the file exists for a given module
89     if (!m_core_module_sp && m_core_file.Exists())
90     {
91         ModuleSpec core_module_spec(m_core_file, target_sp->GetArchitecture());
92         Error error (ModuleList::GetSharedModule (core_module_spec, m_core_module_sp,
93                                                   NULL, NULL, NULL));
94         if (m_core_module_sp)
95         {
96             ObjectFile *core_objfile = m_core_module_sp->GetObjectFile();
97             if (core_objfile && core_objfile->GetType() == ObjectFile::eTypeCoreFile)
98                 return true;
99         }
100     }
101     return false;
102 }
103 
104 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
105 // ProcessElfCore constructor
106 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
107 ProcessElfCore::ProcessElfCore(lldb::TargetSP target_sp, lldb::ListenerSP listener_sp,
108                                const FileSpec &core_file) :
109     Process (target_sp, listener_sp),
110     m_core_module_sp (),
111     m_core_file (core_file),
112     m_dyld_plugin_name (),
113     m_os(llvm::Triple::UnknownOS),
114     m_thread_data_valid(false),
115     m_thread_data(),
116     m_core_aranges ()
117 {
118 }
119 
120 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
121 // Destructor
122 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
123 ProcessElfCore::~ProcessElfCore()
124 {
125     Clear();
126     // We need to call finalize on the process before destroying ourselves
127     // to make sure all of the broadcaster cleanup goes as planned. If we
128     // destruct this class, then Process::~Process() might have problems
129     // trying to fully destroy the broadcaster.
130     Finalize();
131 }
132 
133 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
134 // PluginInterface
135 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
136 ConstString
137 ProcessElfCore::GetPluginName()
138 {
139     return GetPluginNameStatic();
140 }
141 
142 uint32_t
143 ProcessElfCore::GetPluginVersion()
144 {
145     return 1;
146 }
147 
148 lldb::addr_t
149 ProcessElfCore::AddAddressRangeFromLoadSegment(const elf::ELFProgramHeader *header)
150 {
151     lldb::addr_t addr = header->p_vaddr;
152     FileRange file_range (header->p_offset, header->p_filesz);
153     VMRangeToFileOffset::Entry range_entry(addr, header->p_memsz, file_range);
154 
155     VMRangeToFileOffset::Entry *last_entry = m_core_aranges.Back();
156     if (last_entry &&
157         last_entry->GetRangeEnd() == range_entry.GetRangeBase() &&
158         last_entry->data.GetRangeEnd() == range_entry.data.GetRangeBase() &&
159         last_entry->GetByteSize() == last_entry->data.GetByteSize())
160     {
161         last_entry->SetRangeEnd (range_entry.GetRangeEnd());
162         last_entry->data.SetRangeEnd (range_entry.data.GetRangeEnd());
163     }
164     else
165     {
166         m_core_aranges.Append(range_entry);
167     }
168 
169     return addr;
170 }
171 
172 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
173 // Process Control
174 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
175 Error
176 ProcessElfCore::DoLoadCore ()
177 {
178     Error error;
179     if (!m_core_module_sp)
180     {
181         error.SetErrorString ("invalid core module");
182         return error;
183     }
184 
185     ObjectFileELF *core = (ObjectFileELF *)(m_core_module_sp->GetObjectFile());
186     if (core == NULL)
187     {
188         error.SetErrorString ("invalid core object file");
189         return error;
190     }
191 
192     const uint32_t num_segments = core->GetProgramHeaderCount();
193     if (num_segments == 0)
194     {
195         error.SetErrorString ("core file has no segments");
196         return error;
197     }
198 
199     SetCanJIT(false);
200 
201     m_thread_data_valid = true;
202 
203     bool ranges_are_sorted = true;
204     lldb::addr_t vm_addr = 0;
205     /// Walk through segments and Thread and Address Map information.
206     /// PT_NOTE - Contains Thread and Register information
207     /// PT_LOAD - Contains a contiguous range of Process Address Space
208     for(uint32_t i = 1; i <= num_segments; i++)
209     {
210         const elf::ELFProgramHeader *header = core->GetProgramHeaderByIndex(i);
211         assert(header != NULL);
212 
213         DataExtractor data = core->GetSegmentDataByIndex(i);
214 
215         // Parse thread contexts and auxv structure
216         if (header->p_type == llvm::ELF::PT_NOTE)
217             ParseThreadContextsFromNoteSegment(header, data);
218 
219         // PT_LOAD segments contains address map
220         if (header->p_type == llvm::ELF::PT_LOAD)
221         {
222             lldb::addr_t last_addr = AddAddressRangeFromLoadSegment(header);
223             if (vm_addr > last_addr)
224                 ranges_are_sorted = false;
225             vm_addr = last_addr;
226         }
227     }
228 
229     if (!ranges_are_sorted)
230         m_core_aranges.Sort();
231 
232     // Even if the architecture is set in the target, we need to override
233     // it to match the core file which is always single arch.
234     ArchSpec arch (m_core_module_sp->GetArchitecture());
235     if (arch.IsValid())
236         GetTarget().SetArchitecture(arch);
237 
238     SetUnixSignals(UnixSignals::Create(GetArchitecture()));
239 
240     // Core files are useless without the main executable. See if we can locate the main
241     // executable using data we found in the core file notes.
242     lldb::ModuleSP exe_module_sp = GetTarget().GetExecutableModule();
243     if (!exe_module_sp)
244     {
245         // The first entry in the NT_FILE might be our executable
246         if (!m_nt_file_entries.empty())
247         {
248             ModuleSpec exe_module_spec;
249             exe_module_spec.GetArchitecture() = arch;
250             exe_module_spec.GetFileSpec().SetFile(m_nt_file_entries[0].path.GetCString(), false);
251             if (exe_module_spec.GetFileSpec())
252             {
253                 exe_module_sp = GetTarget().GetSharedModule(exe_module_spec);
254                 if (exe_module_sp)
255                     GetTarget().SetExecutableModule(exe_module_sp, false);
256             }
257         }
258     }
259     return error;
260 }
261 
262 lldb_private::DynamicLoader *
263 ProcessElfCore::GetDynamicLoader ()
264 {
265     if (m_dyld_ap.get() == NULL)
266         m_dyld_ap.reset (DynamicLoader::FindPlugin(this, DynamicLoaderPOSIXDYLD::GetPluginNameStatic().GetCString()));
267     return m_dyld_ap.get();
268 }
269 
270 bool
271 ProcessElfCore::UpdateThreadList (ThreadList &old_thread_list, ThreadList &new_thread_list)
272 {
273     const uint32_t num_threads = GetNumThreadContexts ();
274     if (!m_thread_data_valid)
275         return false;
276 
277     for (lldb::tid_t tid = 0; tid < num_threads; ++tid)
278     {
279         const ThreadData &td = m_thread_data[tid];
280         lldb::ThreadSP thread_sp(new ThreadElfCore (*this, td));
281         new_thread_list.AddThread (thread_sp);
282     }
283     return new_thread_list.GetSize(false) > 0;
284 }
285 
286 void
287 ProcessElfCore::RefreshStateAfterStop ()
288 {
289 }
290 
291 Error
292 ProcessElfCore::DoDestroy ()
293 {
294     return Error();
295 }
296 
297 //------------------------------------------------------------------
298 // Process Queries
299 //------------------------------------------------------------------
300 
301 bool
302 ProcessElfCore::IsAlive ()
303 {
304     return true;
305 }
306 
307 //------------------------------------------------------------------
308 // Process Memory
309 //------------------------------------------------------------------
310 size_t
311 ProcessElfCore::ReadMemory (lldb::addr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size, Error &error)
312 {
313     // Don't allow the caching that lldb_private::Process::ReadMemory does
314     // since in core files we have it all cached our our core file anyway.
315     return DoReadMemory (addr, buf, size, error);
316 }
317 
318 size_t
319 ProcessElfCore::DoReadMemory (lldb::addr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size, Error &error)
320 {
321     ObjectFile *core_objfile = m_core_module_sp->GetObjectFile();
322 
323     if (core_objfile == NULL)
324         return 0;
325 
326     // Get the address range
327     const VMRangeToFileOffset::Entry *address_range = m_core_aranges.FindEntryThatContains (addr);
328     if (address_range == NULL || address_range->GetRangeEnd() < addr)
329     {
330         error.SetErrorStringWithFormat ("core file does not contain 0x%" PRIx64, addr);
331         return 0;
332     }
333 
334     // Convert the address into core file offset
335     const lldb::addr_t offset = addr - address_range->GetRangeBase();
336     const lldb::addr_t file_start = address_range->data.GetRangeBase();
337     const lldb::addr_t file_end = address_range->data.GetRangeEnd();
338     size_t bytes_to_read = size; // Number of bytes to read from the core file
339     size_t bytes_copied = 0;     // Number of bytes actually read from the core file
340     size_t zero_fill_size = 0;   // Padding
341     lldb::addr_t bytes_left = 0; // Number of bytes available in the core file from the given address
342 
343     // Figure out how many on-disk bytes remain in this segment
344     // starting at the given offset
345     if (file_end > file_start + offset)
346         bytes_left = file_end - (file_start + offset);
347 
348     // Figure out how many bytes we need to zero-fill if we are
349     // reading more bytes than available in the on-disk segment
350     if (bytes_to_read > bytes_left)
351     {
352         zero_fill_size = bytes_to_read - bytes_left;
353         bytes_to_read = bytes_left;
354     }
355 
356     // If there is data available on the core file read it
357     if (bytes_to_read)
358         bytes_copied = core_objfile->CopyData(offset + file_start, bytes_to_read, buf);
359 
360     assert(zero_fill_size <= size);
361     // Pad remaining bytes
362     if (zero_fill_size)
363         memset(((char *)buf) + bytes_copied, 0, zero_fill_size);
364 
365     return bytes_copied + zero_fill_size;
366 }
367 
368 void
369 ProcessElfCore::Clear()
370 {
371     m_thread_list.Clear();
372     m_os = llvm::Triple::UnknownOS;
373 
374     SetUnixSignals(std::make_shared<UnixSignals>());
375 }
376 
377 void
378 ProcessElfCore::Initialize()
379 {
380     static std::once_flag g_once_flag;
381 
382     std::call_once(g_once_flag, []()
383     {
384         PluginManager::RegisterPlugin (GetPluginNameStatic(),
385           GetPluginDescriptionStatic(), CreateInstance);
386     });
387 }
388 
389 lldb::addr_t
390 ProcessElfCore::GetImageInfoAddress()
391 {
392     ObjectFile *obj_file = GetTarget().GetExecutableModule()->GetObjectFile();
393     Address addr = obj_file->GetImageInfoAddress(&GetTarget());
394 
395     if (addr.IsValid())
396         return addr.GetLoadAddress(&GetTarget());
397     return LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
398 }
399 
400 /// Core files PT_NOTE segment descriptor types
401 enum {
402     NT_PRSTATUS     = 1,
403     NT_FPREGSET,
404     NT_PRPSINFO,
405     NT_TASKSTRUCT,
406     NT_PLATFORM,
407     NT_AUXV,
408     NT_FILE = 0x46494c45
409 };
410 
411 namespace FREEBSD {
412 
413 enum {
414     NT_PRSTATUS      = 1,
415     NT_FPREGSET,
416     NT_PRPSINFO,
417     NT_THRMISC       = 7,
418     NT_PROCSTAT_AUXV = 16,
419     NT_PPC_VMX       = 0x100
420 };
421 
422 }
423 
424 // Parse a FreeBSD NT_PRSTATUS note - see FreeBSD sys/procfs.h for details.
425 static void
426 ParseFreeBSDPrStatus(ThreadData &thread_data, DataExtractor &data,
427                      ArchSpec &arch)
428 {
429     lldb::offset_t offset = 0;
430     bool lp64 = (arch.GetMachine() == llvm::Triple::aarch64 ||
431                  arch.GetMachine() == llvm::Triple::mips64 ||
432                  arch.GetMachine() == llvm::Triple::ppc64 ||
433                  arch.GetMachine() == llvm::Triple::x86_64);
434     int pr_version = data.GetU32(&offset);
435 
436     Log *log (GetLogIfAllCategoriesSet(LIBLLDB_LOG_PROCESS));
437     if (log)
438     {
439         if (pr_version > 1)
440             log->Printf("FreeBSD PRSTATUS unexpected version %d", pr_version);
441     }
442 
443     // Skip padding, pr_statussz, pr_gregsetsz, pr_fpregsetsz, pr_osreldate
444     if (lp64)
445         offset += 32;
446     else
447         offset += 16;
448 
449     thread_data.signo = data.GetU32(&offset); // pr_cursig
450     thread_data.tid = data.GetU32(&offset); // pr_pid
451     if (lp64)
452         offset += 4;
453 
454     size_t len = data.GetByteSize() - offset;
455     thread_data.gpregset = DataExtractor(data, offset, len);
456 }
457 
458 static void
459 ParseFreeBSDThrMisc(ThreadData &thread_data, DataExtractor &data)
460 {
461     lldb::offset_t offset = 0;
462     thread_data.name = data.GetCStr(&offset, 20);
463 }
464 
465 /// Parse Thread context from PT_NOTE segment and store it in the thread list
466 /// Notes:
467 /// 1) A PT_NOTE segment is composed of one or more NOTE entries.
468 /// 2) NOTE Entry contains a standard header followed by variable size data.
469 ///   (see ELFNote structure)
470 /// 3) A Thread Context in a core file usually described by 3 NOTE entries.
471 ///    a) NT_PRSTATUS - Register context
472 ///    b) NT_PRPSINFO - Process info(pid..)
473 ///    c) NT_FPREGSET - Floating point registers
474 /// 4) The NOTE entries can be in any order
475 /// 5) If a core file contains multiple thread contexts then there is two data forms
476 ///    a) Each thread context(2 or more NOTE entries) contained in its own segment (PT_NOTE)
477 ///    b) All thread context is stored in a single segment(PT_NOTE).
478 ///        This case is little tricker since while parsing we have to find where the
479 ///        new thread starts. The current implementation marks beginning of
480 ///        new thread when it finds NT_PRSTATUS or NT_PRPSINFO NOTE entry.
481 ///    For case (b) there may be either one NT_PRPSINFO per thread, or a single
482 ///    one that applies to all threads (depending on the platform type).
483 void
484 ProcessElfCore::ParseThreadContextsFromNoteSegment(const elf::ELFProgramHeader *segment_header,
485                                                    DataExtractor segment_data)
486 {
487     assert(segment_header && segment_header->p_type == llvm::ELF::PT_NOTE);
488 
489     lldb::offset_t offset = 0;
490     std::unique_ptr<ThreadData> thread_data(new ThreadData);
491     bool have_prstatus = false;
492     bool have_prpsinfo = false;
493 
494     ArchSpec arch = GetArchitecture();
495     ELFLinuxPrPsInfo prpsinfo;
496     ELFLinuxPrStatus prstatus;
497     size_t header_size;
498     size_t len;
499 
500     // Loop through the NOTE entires in the segment
501     while (offset < segment_header->p_filesz)
502     {
503         ELFNote note = ELFNote();
504         note.Parse(segment_data, &offset);
505 
506         // Beginning of new thread
507         if ((note.n_type == NT_PRSTATUS && have_prstatus) ||
508             (note.n_type == NT_PRPSINFO && have_prpsinfo))
509         {
510             assert(thread_data->gpregset.GetByteSize() > 0);
511             // Add the new thread to thread list
512             m_thread_data.push_back(*thread_data);
513             *thread_data = ThreadData();
514             have_prstatus = false;
515             have_prpsinfo = false;
516         }
517 
518         size_t note_start, note_size;
519         note_start = offset;
520         note_size = llvm::alignTo(note.n_descsz, 4);
521 
522         // Store the NOTE information in the current thread
523         DataExtractor note_data (segment_data, note_start, note_size);
524         note_data.SetAddressByteSize(m_core_module_sp->GetArchitecture().GetAddressByteSize());
525         if (note.n_name == "FreeBSD")
526         {
527             m_os = llvm::Triple::FreeBSD;
528             switch (note.n_type)
529             {
530                 case FREEBSD::NT_PRSTATUS:
531                     have_prstatus = true;
532                     ParseFreeBSDPrStatus(*thread_data, note_data, arch);
533                     break;
534                 case FREEBSD::NT_FPREGSET:
535                     thread_data->fpregset = note_data;
536                     break;
537                 case FREEBSD::NT_PRPSINFO:
538                     have_prpsinfo = true;
539                     break;
540                 case FREEBSD::NT_THRMISC:
541                     ParseFreeBSDThrMisc(*thread_data, note_data);
542                     break;
543                 case FREEBSD::NT_PROCSTAT_AUXV:
544                     // FIXME: FreeBSD sticks an int at the beginning of the note
545                     m_auxv = DataExtractor(segment_data, note_start + 4, note_size - 4);
546                     break;
547                 case FREEBSD::NT_PPC_VMX:
548                     thread_data->vregset = note_data;
549                     break;
550                 default:
551                     break;
552             }
553         }
554         else if (note.n_name == "CORE")
555         {
556             switch (note.n_type)
557             {
558                 case NT_PRSTATUS:
559                     have_prstatus = true;
560                     prstatus.Parse(note_data, arch);
561                     thread_data->signo = prstatus.pr_cursig;
562                     thread_data->tid = prstatus.pr_pid;
563                     header_size = ELFLinuxPrStatus::GetSize(arch);
564                     len = note_data.GetByteSize() - header_size;
565                     thread_data->gpregset = DataExtractor(note_data, header_size, len);
566                     break;
567                 case NT_FPREGSET:
568                     thread_data->fpregset = note_data;
569                     break;
570                 case NT_PRPSINFO:
571                     have_prpsinfo = true;
572                     prpsinfo.Parse(note_data, arch);
573                     thread_data->name = prpsinfo.pr_fname;
574                     SetID(prpsinfo.pr_pid);
575                     break;
576                 case NT_AUXV:
577                     m_auxv = DataExtractor(note_data);
578                     break;
579                 case NT_FILE:
580                     {
581                         m_nt_file_entries.clear();
582                         lldb::offset_t offset = 0;
583                         const uint64_t count = note_data.GetAddress(&offset);
584                         note_data.GetAddress(&offset); // Skip page size
585                         for (uint64_t i = 0; i<count; ++i)
586                         {
587                             NT_FILE_Entry entry;
588                             entry.start = note_data.GetAddress(&offset);
589                             entry.end = note_data.GetAddress(&offset);
590                             entry.file_ofs = note_data.GetAddress(&offset);
591                             m_nt_file_entries.push_back(entry);
592                         }
593                         for (uint64_t i = 0; i<count; ++i)
594                         {
595                             const char *path = note_data.GetCStr(&offset);
596                             if (path && path[0])
597                                 m_nt_file_entries[i].path.SetCString(path);
598                         }
599                     }
600                     break;
601                 default:
602                     break;
603             }
604         }
605 
606         offset += note_size;
607     }
608     // Add last entry in the note section
609     if (thread_data && thread_data->gpregset.GetByteSize() > 0)
610     {
611         m_thread_data.push_back(*thread_data);
612     }
613 }
614 
615 uint32_t
616 ProcessElfCore::GetNumThreadContexts ()
617 {
618     if (!m_thread_data_valid)
619         DoLoadCore();
620     return m_thread_data.size();
621 }
622 
623 ArchSpec
624 ProcessElfCore::GetArchitecture()
625 {
626     ObjectFileELF *core_file = (ObjectFileELF *)(m_core_module_sp->GetObjectFile());
627     ArchSpec arch;
628     core_file->GetArchitecture(arch);
629     return arch;
630 }
631 
632 const lldb::DataBufferSP
633 ProcessElfCore::GetAuxvData()
634 {
635     const uint8_t *start = m_auxv.GetDataStart();
636     size_t len = m_auxv.GetByteSize();
637     lldb::DataBufferSP buffer(new lldb_private::DataBufferHeap(start, len));
638     return buffer;
639 }
640 
641 bool
642 ProcessElfCore::GetProcessInfo(ProcessInstanceInfo &info)
643 {
644     info.Clear();
645     info.SetProcessID(GetID());
646     info.SetArchitecture(GetArchitecture());
647     lldb::ModuleSP module_sp = GetTarget().GetExecutableModule();
648     if (module_sp)
649     {
650         const bool add_exe_file_as_first_arg = false;
651         info.SetExecutableFile(GetTarget().GetExecutableModule()->GetFileSpec(), add_exe_file_as_first_arg);
652     }
653     return true;
654 }
655