1 //===-- ItaniumABILanguageRuntime.cpp --------------------------------------*-
2 //C++ -*-===//
3 //
4 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
5 //
6 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
7 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
8 //
9 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
10 
11 #include "ItaniumABILanguageRuntime.h"
12 
13 #include "lldb/Breakpoint/BreakpointLocation.h"
14 #include "lldb/Core/ConstString.h"
15 #include "lldb/Core/Error.h"
16 #include "lldb/Core/Log.h"
17 #include "lldb/Core/Mangled.h"
18 #include "lldb/Core/Module.h"
19 #include "lldb/Core/PluginManager.h"
20 #include "lldb/Core/Scalar.h"
21 #include "lldb/Core/ValueObject.h"
22 #include "lldb/Core/ValueObjectMemory.h"
23 #include "lldb/Interpreter/CommandObject.h"
24 #include "lldb/Interpreter/CommandObjectMultiword.h"
25 #include "lldb/Interpreter/CommandReturnObject.h"
26 #include "lldb/Symbol/ClangASTContext.h"
27 #include "lldb/Symbol/Symbol.h"
28 #include "lldb/Symbol/SymbolFile.h"
29 #include "lldb/Symbol/TypeList.h"
30 #include "lldb/Target/Process.h"
31 #include "lldb/Target/RegisterContext.h"
32 #include "lldb/Target/SectionLoadList.h"
33 #include "lldb/Target/StopInfo.h"
34 #include "lldb/Target/Target.h"
35 #include "lldb/Target/Thread.h"
36 
37 #include <vector>
38 
39 using namespace lldb;
40 using namespace lldb_private;
41 
42 static const char *vtable_demangled_prefix = "vtable for ";
43 
44 bool ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::CouldHaveDynamicValue(ValueObject &in_value) {
45   const bool check_cxx = true;
46   const bool check_objc = false;
47   return in_value.GetCompilerType().IsPossibleDynamicType(NULL, check_cxx,
48                                                           check_objc);
49 }
50 
51 TypeAndOrName ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::GetTypeInfoFromVTableAddress(
52     ValueObject &in_value, lldb::addr_t original_ptr,
53     lldb::addr_t vtable_load_addr) {
54   if (m_process && vtable_load_addr != LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
55     // Find the symbol that contains the "vtable_load_addr" address
56     Address vtable_addr;
57     Target &target = m_process->GetTarget();
58     if (!target.GetSectionLoadList().IsEmpty()) {
59       if (target.GetSectionLoadList().ResolveLoadAddress(vtable_load_addr,
60                                                          vtable_addr)) {
61         // See if we have cached info for this type already
62         TypeAndOrName type_info = GetDynamicTypeInfo(vtable_addr);
63         if (type_info)
64           return type_info;
65 
66         SymbolContext sc;
67         target.GetImages().ResolveSymbolContextForAddress(
68             vtable_addr, eSymbolContextSymbol, sc);
69         Symbol *symbol = sc.symbol;
70         if (symbol != NULL) {
71           const char *name =
72               symbol->GetMangled()
73                   .GetDemangledName(lldb::eLanguageTypeC_plus_plus)
74                   .AsCString();
75           if (name && strstr(name, vtable_demangled_prefix) == name) {
76             Log *log(
77                 lldb_private::GetLogIfAllCategoriesSet(LIBLLDB_LOG_OBJECT));
78             if (log)
79               log->Printf("0x%16.16" PRIx64
80                           ": static-type = '%s' has vtable symbol '%s'\n",
81                           original_ptr, in_value.GetTypeName().GetCString(),
82                           name);
83             // We are a C++ class, that's good.  Get the class name and look it
84             // up:
85             const char *class_name = name + strlen(vtable_demangled_prefix);
86             type_info.SetName(class_name);
87             const bool exact_match = true;
88             TypeList class_types;
89 
90             uint32_t num_matches = 0;
91             // First look in the module that the vtable symbol came from
92             // and look for a single exact match.
93             llvm::DenseSet<SymbolFile *> searched_symbol_files;
94             if (sc.module_sp) {
95               num_matches = sc.module_sp->FindTypes(
96                   sc, ConstString(class_name), exact_match, 1,
97                   searched_symbol_files, class_types);
98             }
99 
100             // If we didn't find a symbol, then move on to the entire
101             // module list in the target and get as many unique matches
102             // as possible
103             if (num_matches == 0) {
104               num_matches = target.GetImages().FindTypes(
105                   sc, ConstString(class_name), exact_match, UINT32_MAX,
106                   searched_symbol_files, class_types);
107             }
108 
109             lldb::TypeSP type_sp;
110             if (num_matches == 0) {
111               if (log)
112                 log->Printf("0x%16.16" PRIx64 ": is not dynamic\n",
113                             original_ptr);
114               return TypeAndOrName();
115             }
116             if (num_matches == 1) {
117               type_sp = class_types.GetTypeAtIndex(0);
118               if (type_sp) {
119                 if (ClangASTContext::IsCXXClassType(
120                         type_sp->GetForwardCompilerType())) {
121                   if (log)
122                     log->Printf(
123                         "0x%16.16" PRIx64
124                         ": static-type = '%s' has dynamic type: uid={0x%" PRIx64
125                         "}, type-name='%s'\n",
126                         original_ptr, in_value.GetTypeName().AsCString(),
127                         type_sp->GetID(), type_sp->GetName().GetCString());
128                   type_info.SetTypeSP(type_sp);
129                 }
130               }
131             } else if (num_matches > 1) {
132               size_t i;
133               if (log) {
134                 for (i = 0; i < num_matches; i++) {
135                   type_sp = class_types.GetTypeAtIndex(i);
136                   if (type_sp) {
137                     if (log)
138                       log->Printf(
139                           "0x%16.16" PRIx64
140                           ": static-type = '%s' has multiple matching dynamic "
141                           "types: uid={0x%" PRIx64 "}, type-name='%s'\n",
142                           original_ptr, in_value.GetTypeName().AsCString(),
143                           type_sp->GetID(), type_sp->GetName().GetCString());
144                   }
145                 }
146               }
147 
148               for (i = 0; i < num_matches; i++) {
149                 type_sp = class_types.GetTypeAtIndex(i);
150                 if (type_sp) {
151                   if (ClangASTContext::IsCXXClassType(
152                           type_sp->GetForwardCompilerType())) {
153                     if (log)
154                       log->Printf(
155                           "0x%16.16" PRIx64 ": static-type = '%s' has multiple "
156                                             "matching dynamic types, picking "
157                                             "this one: uid={0x%" PRIx64
158                           "}, type-name='%s'\n",
159                           original_ptr, in_value.GetTypeName().AsCString(),
160                           type_sp->GetID(), type_sp->GetName().GetCString());
161                     type_info.SetTypeSP(type_sp);
162                   }
163                 }
164               }
165 
166               if (log && i == num_matches) {
167                 log->Printf(
168                     "0x%16.16" PRIx64
169                     ": static-type = '%s' has multiple matching dynamic "
170                     "types, didn't find a C++ match\n",
171                     original_ptr, in_value.GetTypeName().AsCString());
172               }
173             }
174             if (type_info)
175               SetDynamicTypeInfo(vtable_addr, type_info);
176             return type_info;
177           }
178         }
179       }
180     }
181   }
182   return TypeAndOrName();
183 }
184 
185 bool ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::GetDynamicTypeAndAddress(
186     ValueObject &in_value, lldb::DynamicValueType use_dynamic,
187     TypeAndOrName &class_type_or_name, Address &dynamic_address,
188     Value::ValueType &value_type) {
189   // For Itanium, if the type has a vtable pointer in the object, it will be at
190   // offset 0
191   // in the object.  That will point to the "address point" within the vtable
192   // (not the beginning of the
193   // vtable.)  We can then look up the symbol containing this "address point"
194   // and that symbol's name
195   // demangled will contain the full class name.
196   // The second pointer above the "address point" is the "offset_to_top".  We'll
197   // use that to get the
198   // start of the value object which holds the dynamic type.
199   //
200 
201   class_type_or_name.Clear();
202   value_type = Value::ValueType::eValueTypeScalar;
203 
204   // Only a pointer or reference type can have a different dynamic and static
205   // type:
206   if (CouldHaveDynamicValue(in_value)) {
207     // First job, pull out the address at 0 offset from the object.
208     AddressType address_type;
209     lldb::addr_t original_ptr = in_value.GetPointerValue(&address_type);
210     if (original_ptr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS)
211       return false;
212 
213     ExecutionContext exe_ctx(in_value.GetExecutionContextRef());
214 
215     Process *process = exe_ctx.GetProcessPtr();
216 
217     if (process == nullptr)
218       return false;
219 
220     Error error;
221     const lldb::addr_t vtable_address_point =
222         process->ReadPointerFromMemory(original_ptr, error);
223 
224     if (!error.Success() || vtable_address_point == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
225       return false;
226     }
227 
228     class_type_or_name = GetTypeInfoFromVTableAddress(in_value, original_ptr,
229                                                       vtable_address_point);
230 
231     if (class_type_or_name) {
232       TypeSP type_sp = class_type_or_name.GetTypeSP();
233       // There can only be one type with a given name,
234       // so we've just found duplicate definitions, and this
235       // one will do as well as any other.
236       // We don't consider something to have a dynamic type if
237       // it is the same as the static type.  So compare against
238       // the value we were handed.
239       if (type_sp) {
240         if (ClangASTContext::AreTypesSame(in_value.GetCompilerType(),
241                                           type_sp->GetForwardCompilerType())) {
242           // The dynamic type we found was the same type,
243           // so we don't have a dynamic type here...
244           return false;
245         }
246 
247         // The offset_to_top is two pointers above the vtable pointer.
248         const uint32_t addr_byte_size = process->GetAddressByteSize();
249         const lldb::addr_t offset_to_top_location =
250             vtable_address_point - 2 * addr_byte_size;
251         // Watch for underflow, offset_to_top_location should be less than
252         // vtable_address_point
253         if (offset_to_top_location >= vtable_address_point)
254           return false;
255         const int64_t offset_to_top = process->ReadSignedIntegerFromMemory(
256             offset_to_top_location, addr_byte_size, INT64_MIN, error);
257 
258         if (offset_to_top == INT64_MIN)
259           return false;
260         // So the dynamic type is a value that starts at offset_to_top
261         // above the original address.
262         lldb::addr_t dynamic_addr = original_ptr + offset_to_top;
263         if (!process->GetTarget().GetSectionLoadList().ResolveLoadAddress(
264                 dynamic_addr, dynamic_address)) {
265           dynamic_address.SetRawAddress(dynamic_addr);
266         }
267         return true;
268       }
269     }
270   }
271 
272   return class_type_or_name.IsEmpty() == false;
273 }
274 
275 TypeAndOrName ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::FixUpDynamicType(
276     const TypeAndOrName &type_and_or_name, ValueObject &static_value) {
277   CompilerType static_type(static_value.GetCompilerType());
278   Flags static_type_flags(static_type.GetTypeInfo());
279 
280   TypeAndOrName ret(type_and_or_name);
281   if (type_and_or_name.HasType()) {
282     // The type will always be the type of the dynamic object.  If our parent's
283     // type was a pointer,
284     // then our type should be a pointer to the type of the dynamic object.  If
285     // a reference, then the original type
286     // should be okay...
287     CompilerType orig_type = type_and_or_name.GetCompilerType();
288     CompilerType corrected_type = orig_type;
289     if (static_type_flags.AllSet(eTypeIsPointer))
290       corrected_type = orig_type.GetPointerType();
291     else if (static_type_flags.AllSet(eTypeIsReference))
292       corrected_type = orig_type.GetLValueReferenceType();
293     ret.SetCompilerType(corrected_type);
294   } else {
295     // If we are here we need to adjust our dynamic type name to include the
296     // correct & or * symbol
297     std::string corrected_name(type_and_or_name.GetName().GetCString());
298     if (static_type_flags.AllSet(eTypeIsPointer))
299       corrected_name.append(" *");
300     else if (static_type_flags.AllSet(eTypeIsReference))
301       corrected_name.append(" &");
302     // the parent type should be a correctly pointer'ed or referenc'ed type
303     ret.SetCompilerType(static_type);
304     ret.SetName(corrected_name.c_str());
305   }
306   return ret;
307 }
308 
309 bool ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::IsVTableName(const char *name) {
310   if (name == NULL)
311     return false;
312 
313   // Can we maybe ask Clang about this?
314   if (strstr(name, "_vptr$") == name)
315     return true;
316   else
317     return false;
318 }
319 
320 //------------------------------------------------------------------
321 // Static Functions
322 //------------------------------------------------------------------
323 LanguageRuntime *
324 ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::CreateInstance(Process *process,
325                                           lldb::LanguageType language) {
326   // FIXME: We have to check the process and make sure we actually know that
327   // this process supports
328   // the Itanium ABI.
329   if (language == eLanguageTypeC_plus_plus ||
330       language == eLanguageTypeC_plus_plus_03 ||
331       language == eLanguageTypeC_plus_plus_11 ||
332       language == eLanguageTypeC_plus_plus_14)
333     return new ItaniumABILanguageRuntime(process);
334   else
335     return NULL;
336 }
337 
338 class CommandObjectMultiwordItaniumABI_Demangle : public CommandObjectParsed {
339 public:
340   CommandObjectMultiwordItaniumABI_Demangle(CommandInterpreter &interpreter)
341       : CommandObjectParsed(interpreter, "demangle",
342                             "Demangle a C++ mangled name.",
343                             "language cplusplus demangle") {
344     CommandArgumentEntry arg;
345     CommandArgumentData index_arg;
346 
347     // Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
348     index_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeSymbol;
349     index_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatPlus;
350 
351     // There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the
352     // argument entry.
353     arg.push_back(index_arg);
354 
355     // Push the data for the first argument into the m_arguments vector.
356     m_arguments.push_back(arg);
357   }
358 
359   ~CommandObjectMultiwordItaniumABI_Demangle() override = default;
360 
361 protected:
362   bool DoExecute(Args &command, CommandReturnObject &result) override {
363     bool demangled_any = false;
364     bool error_any = false;
365     for (auto &entry : command.entries()) {
366       if (entry.ref.empty())
367         continue;
368 
369       // the actual Mangled class should be strict about this, but on the
370       // command line if you're copying mangled names out of 'nm' on Darwin,
371       // they will come out with an extra underscore - be willing to strip
372       // this on behalf of the user.   This is the moral equivalent of the -_/-n
373       // options to c++filt
374       auto name = entry.ref;
375       if (name.startswith("__Z"))
376         name = name.drop_front();
377 
378       Mangled mangled(name, true);
379       if (mangled.GuessLanguage() == lldb::eLanguageTypeC_plus_plus) {
380         ConstString demangled(
381             mangled.GetDisplayDemangledName(lldb::eLanguageTypeC_plus_plus));
382         demangled_any = true;
383         result.AppendMessageWithFormat("%s ---> %s\n", entry.ref.str().c_str(),
384                                        demangled.GetCString());
385       } else {
386         error_any = true;
387         result.AppendErrorWithFormat("%s is not a valid C++ mangled name\n",
388                                      entry.ref.str().c_str());
389       }
390     }
391 
392     result.SetStatus(
393         error_any ? lldb::eReturnStatusFailed
394                   : (demangled_any ? lldb::eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult
395                                    : lldb::eReturnStatusSuccessFinishNoResult));
396     return result.Succeeded();
397   }
398 };
399 
400 class CommandObjectMultiwordItaniumABI : public CommandObjectMultiword {
401 public:
402   CommandObjectMultiwordItaniumABI(CommandInterpreter &interpreter)
403       : CommandObjectMultiword(
404             interpreter, "cplusplus",
405             "Commands for operating on the C++ language runtime.",
406             "cplusplus <subcommand> [<subcommand-options>]") {
407     LoadSubCommand(
408         "demangle",
409         CommandObjectSP(
410             new CommandObjectMultiwordItaniumABI_Demangle(interpreter)));
411   }
412 
413   ~CommandObjectMultiwordItaniumABI() override = default;
414 };
415 
416 void ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::Initialize() {
417   PluginManager::RegisterPlugin(
418       GetPluginNameStatic(), "Itanium ABI for the C++ language", CreateInstance,
419       [](CommandInterpreter &interpreter) -> lldb::CommandObjectSP {
420         return CommandObjectSP(
421             new CommandObjectMultiwordItaniumABI(interpreter));
422       });
423 }
424 
425 void ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::Terminate() {
426   PluginManager::UnregisterPlugin(CreateInstance);
427 }
428 
429 lldb_private::ConstString ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::GetPluginNameStatic() {
430   static ConstString g_name("itanium");
431   return g_name;
432 }
433 
434 //------------------------------------------------------------------
435 // PluginInterface protocol
436 //------------------------------------------------------------------
437 lldb_private::ConstString ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::GetPluginName() {
438   return GetPluginNameStatic();
439 }
440 
441 uint32_t ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::GetPluginVersion() { return 1; }
442 
443 BreakpointResolverSP ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::CreateExceptionResolver(
444     Breakpoint *bkpt, bool catch_bp, bool throw_bp) {
445   return CreateExceptionResolver(bkpt, catch_bp, throw_bp, false);
446 }
447 
448 BreakpointResolverSP ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::CreateExceptionResolver(
449     Breakpoint *bkpt, bool catch_bp, bool throw_bp, bool for_expressions) {
450   // One complication here is that most users DON'T want to stop at
451   // __cxa_allocate_expression, but until we can do
452   // anything better with predicting unwinding the expression parser does.  So
453   // we have two forms of the exception
454   // breakpoints, one for expressions that leaves out __cxa_allocate_exception,
455   // and one that includes it.
456   // The SetExceptionBreakpoints does the latter, the CreateExceptionBreakpoint
457   // in the runtime the former.
458   static const char *g_catch_name = "__cxa_begin_catch";
459   static const char *g_throw_name1 = "__cxa_throw";
460   static const char *g_throw_name2 = "__cxa_rethrow";
461   static const char *g_exception_throw_name = "__cxa_allocate_exception";
462   std::vector<const char *> exception_names;
463   exception_names.reserve(4);
464   if (catch_bp)
465     exception_names.push_back(g_catch_name);
466 
467   if (throw_bp) {
468     exception_names.push_back(g_throw_name1);
469     exception_names.push_back(g_throw_name2);
470   }
471 
472   if (for_expressions)
473     exception_names.push_back(g_exception_throw_name);
474 
475   BreakpointResolverSP resolver_sp(new BreakpointResolverName(
476       bkpt, exception_names.data(), exception_names.size(),
477       eFunctionNameTypeBase, eLanguageTypeUnknown, 0, eLazyBoolNo));
478 
479   return resolver_sp;
480 }
481 
482 lldb::SearchFilterSP ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::CreateExceptionSearchFilter() {
483   Target &target = m_process->GetTarget();
484 
485   if (target.GetArchitecture().GetTriple().getVendor() == llvm::Triple::Apple) {
486     // Limit the number of modules that are searched for these breakpoints for
487     // Apple binaries.
488     FileSpecList filter_modules;
489     filter_modules.Append(FileSpec("libc++abi.dylib", false));
490     filter_modules.Append(FileSpec("libSystem.B.dylib", false));
491     return target.GetSearchFilterForModuleList(&filter_modules);
492   } else {
493     return LanguageRuntime::CreateExceptionSearchFilter();
494   }
495 }
496 
497 lldb::BreakpointSP ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::CreateExceptionBreakpoint(
498     bool catch_bp, bool throw_bp, bool for_expressions, bool is_internal) {
499   Target &target = m_process->GetTarget();
500   FileSpecList filter_modules;
501   BreakpointResolverSP exception_resolver_sp =
502       CreateExceptionResolver(NULL, catch_bp, throw_bp, for_expressions);
503   SearchFilterSP filter_sp(CreateExceptionSearchFilter());
504   const bool hardware = false;
505   const bool resolve_indirect_functions = false;
506   return target.CreateBreakpoint(filter_sp, exception_resolver_sp, is_internal,
507                                  hardware, resolve_indirect_functions);
508 }
509 
510 void ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::SetExceptionBreakpoints() {
511   if (!m_process)
512     return;
513 
514   const bool catch_bp = false;
515   const bool throw_bp = true;
516   const bool is_internal = true;
517   const bool for_expressions = true;
518 
519   // For the exception breakpoints set by the Expression parser, we'll be a
520   // little more aggressive and
521   // stop at exception allocation as well.
522 
523   if (m_cxx_exception_bp_sp) {
524     m_cxx_exception_bp_sp->SetEnabled(true);
525   } else {
526     m_cxx_exception_bp_sp = CreateExceptionBreakpoint(
527         catch_bp, throw_bp, for_expressions, is_internal);
528     if (m_cxx_exception_bp_sp)
529       m_cxx_exception_bp_sp->SetBreakpointKind("c++ exception");
530   }
531 }
532 
533 void ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::ClearExceptionBreakpoints() {
534   if (!m_process)
535     return;
536 
537   if (m_cxx_exception_bp_sp) {
538     m_cxx_exception_bp_sp->SetEnabled(false);
539   }
540 }
541 
542 bool ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::ExceptionBreakpointsAreSet() {
543   return m_cxx_exception_bp_sp && m_cxx_exception_bp_sp->IsEnabled();
544 }
545 
546 bool ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::ExceptionBreakpointsExplainStop(
547     lldb::StopInfoSP stop_reason) {
548   if (!m_process)
549     return false;
550 
551   if (!stop_reason || stop_reason->GetStopReason() != eStopReasonBreakpoint)
552     return false;
553 
554   uint64_t break_site_id = stop_reason->GetValue();
555   return m_process->GetBreakpointSiteList().BreakpointSiteContainsBreakpoint(
556       break_site_id, m_cxx_exception_bp_sp->GetID());
557 }
558 
559 TypeAndOrName ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::GetDynamicTypeInfo(
560     const lldb_private::Address &vtable_addr) {
561   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> locker(m_dynamic_type_map_mutex);
562   DynamicTypeCache::const_iterator pos = m_dynamic_type_map.find(vtable_addr);
563   if (pos == m_dynamic_type_map.end())
564     return TypeAndOrName();
565   else
566     return pos->second;
567 }
568 
569 void ItaniumABILanguageRuntime::SetDynamicTypeInfo(
570     const lldb_private::Address &vtable_addr, const TypeAndOrName &type_info) {
571   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> locker(m_dynamic_type_map_mutex);
572   m_dynamic_type_map[vtable_addr] = type_info;
573 }
574