xref: /llvm-project-15.0.7/lld/ELF/MarkLive.cpp (revision 2de44e65)
1 //===- MarkLive.cpp -------------------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 //                             The LLVM Linker
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file implements --gc-sections, which is a feature to remove unused
11 // sections from output. Unused sections are sections that are not reachable
12 // from known GC-root symbols or sections. Naturally the feature is
13 // implemented as a mark-sweep garbage collector.
14 //
15 // Here's how it works. Each InputSectionBase has a "Live" bit. The bit is off
16 // by default. Starting with GC-root symbols or sections, markLive function
17 // defined in this file visits all reachable sections to set their Live
18 // bits. Writer will then ignore sections whose Live bits are off, so that
19 // such sections are not included into output.
20 //
21 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
22 
23 #include "InputSection.h"
24 #include "OutputSections.h"
25 #include "SymbolTable.h"
26 #include "Symbols.h"
27 #include "Writer.h"
28 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
29 #include "llvm/Object/ELF.h"
30 #include <functional>
31 #include <vector>
32 
33 using namespace llvm;
34 using namespace llvm::ELF;
35 using namespace llvm::object;
36 
37 using namespace lld;
38 using namespace lld::elf2;
39 
40 // Calls Fn for each section that Sec refers to via relocations.
41 template <class ELFT>
42 static void forEachSuccessor(InputSection<ELFT> *Sec,
43                              std::function<void(InputSectionBase<ELFT> *)> Fn) {
44   typedef typename ELFFile<ELFT>::Elf_Rel Elf_Rel;
45   typedef typename ELFFile<ELFT>::Elf_Rela Elf_Rela;
46   typedef typename ELFFile<ELFT>::Elf_Shdr Elf_Shdr;
47 
48   ELFFile<ELFT> &Obj = Sec->getFile()->getObj();
49   for (const Elf_Shdr *RelSec : Sec->RelocSections) {
50     if (RelSec->sh_type == SHT_RELA) {
51       for (const Elf_Rela &RI : Obj.relas(RelSec))
52         if (InputSectionBase<ELFT> *Succ = Sec->getRelocTarget(RI))
53           Fn(Succ);
54     } else {
55       for (const Elf_Rel &RI : Obj.rels(RelSec))
56         if (InputSectionBase<ELFT> *Succ = Sec->getRelocTarget(RI))
57           Fn(Succ);
58     }
59   }
60 }
61 
62 // Sections listed below are special because they are used by the loader
63 // just by being in an ELF file. They should not be garbage-collected.
64 template <class ELFT> static bool isReserved(InputSectionBase<ELFT> *Sec) {
65   switch (Sec->getSectionHdr()->sh_type) {
66   case SHT_FINI_ARRAY:
67   case SHT_INIT_ARRAY:
68   case SHT_NOTE:
69   case SHT_PREINIT_ARRAY:
70     return true;
71   default:
72     StringRef S = Sec->getSectionName();
73     return S.startswith(".ctors") || S.startswith(".dtors") ||
74            S.startswith(".init") || S.startswith(".fini") ||
75            S.startswith(".jcr");
76   }
77 }
78 
79 // This is the main function of the garbage collector.
80 // Starting from GC-root sections, this function visits all reachable
81 // sections to set their "Live" bits.
82 template <class ELFT> void elf2::markLive(SymbolTable<ELFT> *Symtab) {
83   SmallVector<InputSection<ELFT> *, 256> Q;
84 
85   auto Enqueue = [&](InputSectionBase<ELFT> *Sec) {
86     if (!Sec || Sec->Live)
87       return;
88     Sec->Live = true;
89     if (InputSection<ELFT> *S = dyn_cast<InputSection<ELFT>>(Sec))
90       Q.push_back(S);
91   };
92 
93   auto MarkSymbol = [&](SymbolBody *Sym) {
94     if (Sym)
95       if (auto *D = dyn_cast<DefinedRegular<ELFT>>(Sym->repl()))
96         Enqueue(D->Section);
97   };
98 
99   // Add GC root symbols.
100   MarkSymbol(Config->EntrySym);
101   MarkSymbol(Symtab->find(Config->Init));
102   MarkSymbol(Symtab->find(Config->Fini));
103   for (StringRef S : Config->Undefined)
104     MarkSymbol(Symtab->find(S));
105 
106   // Preserve externally-visible symbols if the symbols defined by this
107   // file can interrupt other ELF file's symbols at runtime.
108   if (Config->Shared || Config->ExportDynamic) {
109     for (const std::pair<StringRef, Symbol *> &P : Symtab->getSymbols()) {
110       SymbolBody *B = P.second->Body;
111       if (B->getVisibility() == STV_DEFAULT)
112         MarkSymbol(B);
113     }
114   }
115 
116   // Preserve special sections.
117   for (const std::unique_ptr<ObjectFile<ELFT>> &F : Symtab->getObjectFiles())
118     for (InputSectionBase<ELFT> *Sec : F->getSections())
119       if (Sec && Sec != &InputSection<ELFT>::Discarded)
120         if (isReserved(Sec))
121           Enqueue(Sec);
122 
123   // Mark all reachable sections.
124   while (!Q.empty())
125     forEachSuccessor<ELFT>(Q.pop_back_val(), Enqueue);
126 }
127 
128 template void elf2::markLive<ELF32LE>(SymbolTable<ELF32LE> *);
129 template void elf2::markLive<ELF32BE>(SymbolTable<ELF32BE> *);
130 template void elf2::markLive<ELF64LE>(SymbolTable<ELF64LE> *);
131 template void elf2::markLive<ELF64BE>(SymbolTable<ELF64BE> *);
132