xref: /llvm-project-15.0.7/lld/ELF/LTO.cpp (revision 84685fc8)
1 //===- LTO.cpp ------------------------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 //                             The LLVM Linker
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #include "LTO.h"
11 #include "Config.h"
12 #include "Driver.h"
13 #include "Error.h"
14 #include "InputFiles.h"
15 #include "Symbols.h"
16 #include "llvm/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h"
17 #include "llvm/Analysis/CGSCCPassManager.h"
18 #include "llvm/Analysis/LoopPassManager.h"
19 #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetLibraryInfo.h"
20 #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetTransformInfo.h"
21 #include "llvm/Bitcode/ReaderWriter.h"
22 #include "llvm/CodeGen/CommandFlags.h"
23 #include "llvm/CodeGen/ParallelCG.h"
24 #include "llvm/IR/AutoUpgrade.h"
25 #include "llvm/IR/LegacyPassManager.h"
26 #include "llvm/IR/PassManager.h"
27 #include "llvm/IR/Verifier.h"
28 #include "llvm/Linker/IRMover.h"
29 #include "llvm/Passes/PassBuilder.h"
30 #include "llvm/Support/StringSaver.h"
31 #include "llvm/Support/TargetRegistry.h"
32 #include "llvm/Target/TargetMachine.h"
33 #include "llvm/Transforms/IPO.h"
34 #include "llvm/Transforms/IPO/PassManagerBuilder.h"
35 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/ModuleUtils.h"
36 
37 using namespace llvm;
38 using namespace llvm::object;
39 using namespace llvm::ELF;
40 
41 using namespace lld;
42 using namespace lld::elf;
43 
44 // This is for use when debugging LTO.
45 static void saveLtoObjectFile(StringRef Buffer, unsigned I, bool Many) {
46   SmallString<128> Filename = Config->OutputFile;
47   if (Many)
48     Filename += utostr(I);
49   Filename += ".lto.o";
50   std::error_code EC;
51   raw_fd_ostream OS(Filename, EC, sys::fs::OpenFlags::F_None);
52   check(EC);
53   OS << Buffer;
54 }
55 
56 // This is for use when debugging LTO.
57 static void saveBCFile(Module &M, StringRef Suffix) {
58   std::error_code EC;
59   raw_fd_ostream OS(Config->OutputFile.str() + Suffix.str(), EC,
60                     sys::fs::OpenFlags::F_None);
61   check(EC);
62   WriteBitcodeToFile(&M, OS, /* ShouldPreserveUseListOrder */ true);
63 }
64 
65 static void runNewCustomLtoPasses(Module &M, TargetMachine &TM) {
66   PassBuilder PB(&TM);
67 
68   AAManager AA;
69 
70   // Parse a custom AA pipeline if asked to.
71   if (!PB.parseAAPipeline(AA, Config->LtoAAPipeline)) {
72     error("Unable to parse AA pipeline description: " + Config->LtoAAPipeline);
73     return;
74   }
75 
76   LoopAnalysisManager LAM;
77   FunctionAnalysisManager FAM;
78   CGSCCAnalysisManager CGAM;
79   ModuleAnalysisManager MAM;
80 
81   // Register the AA manager first so that our version is the one used.
82   FAM.registerPass([&] { return std::move(AA); });
83 
84   // Register all the basic analyses with the managers.
85   PB.registerModuleAnalyses(MAM);
86   PB.registerCGSCCAnalyses(CGAM);
87   PB.registerFunctionAnalyses(FAM);
88   PB.registerLoopAnalyses(LAM);
89   PB.crossRegisterProxies(LAM, FAM, CGAM, MAM);
90 
91   ModulePassManager MPM;
92   if (!Config->DisableVerify)
93     MPM.addPass(VerifierPass());
94 
95   // Now, add all the passes we've been requested to.
96   if (!PB.parsePassPipeline(MPM, Config->LtoNewPmPasses)) {
97     error("unable to parse pass pipeline description: " +
98           Config->LtoNewPmPasses);
99     return;
100   }
101 
102   if (!Config->DisableVerify)
103     MPM.addPass(VerifierPass());
104   MPM.run(M, MAM);
105 }
106 
107 static void runOldLtoPasses(Module &M, TargetMachine &TM) {
108   // Note that the gold plugin has a similar piece of code, so
109   // it is probably better to move this code to a common place.
110   legacy::PassManager LtoPasses;
111   LtoPasses.add(createTargetTransformInfoWrapperPass(TM.getTargetIRAnalysis()));
112   PassManagerBuilder PMB;
113   PMB.LibraryInfo = new TargetLibraryInfoImpl(Triple(TM.getTargetTriple()));
114   PMB.Inliner = createFunctionInliningPass();
115   PMB.VerifyInput = PMB.VerifyOutput = !Config->DisableVerify;
116   PMB.LoopVectorize = true;
117   PMB.SLPVectorize = true;
118   PMB.OptLevel = Config->LtoO;
119   PMB.populateLTOPassManager(LtoPasses);
120   LtoPasses.run(M);
121 }
122 
123 static void runLTOPasses(Module &M, TargetMachine &TM) {
124   if (!Config->LtoNewPmPasses.empty()) {
125     // The user explicitly asked for a set of passes to be run.
126     // This needs the new PM to work as there's no clean way to
127     // pass a set of passes to run in the legacy PM.
128     runNewCustomLtoPasses(M, TM);
129     if (HasError)
130       return;
131   } else {
132     // Run the 'default' set of LTO passes. This code still uses
133     // the legacy PM as the new one is not the default.
134     runOldLtoPasses(M, TM);
135   }
136 
137   if (Config->SaveTemps)
138     saveBCFile(M, ".lto.opt.bc");
139 }
140 
141 static bool shouldInternalize(const SmallPtrSet<GlobalValue *, 8> &Used,
142                               Symbol *S, GlobalValue *GV) {
143   if (S->IsUsedInRegularObj || Used.count(GV))
144     return false;
145   return !S->includeInDynsym();
146 }
147 
148 BitcodeCompiler::BitcodeCompiler()
149     : Combined(new llvm::Module("ld-temp.o", Driver->Context)),
150       Mover(*Combined) {}
151 
152 static void undefine(Symbol *S) {
153   replaceBody<Undefined>(S, S->body()->getName(), STV_DEFAULT, S->body()->Type);
154 }
155 
156 void BitcodeCompiler::add(BitcodeFile &F) {
157   std::unique_ptr<IRObjectFile> Obj = std::move(F.Obj);
158   std::vector<GlobalValue *> Keep;
159   unsigned BodyIndex = 0;
160   ArrayRef<Symbol *> Syms = F.getSymbols();
161 
162   Module &M = Obj->getModule();
163   if (M.getDataLayoutStr().empty())
164     fatal("invalid bitcode file: " + F.getName() + " has no datalayout");
165 
166   // Discard non-compatible debug infos if necessary.
167   M.materializeMetadata();
168   UpgradeDebugInfo(M);
169 
170   // If a symbol appears in @llvm.used, the linker is required
171   // to treat the symbol as there is a reference to the symbol
172   // that it cannot see. Therefore, we can't internalize.
173   SmallPtrSet<GlobalValue *, 8> Used;
174   collectUsedGlobalVariables(M, Used, /* CompilerUsed */ false);
175 
176   for (const BasicSymbolRef &Sym : Obj->symbols()) {
177     uint32_t Flags = Sym.getFlags();
178     GlobalValue *GV = Obj->getSymbolGV(Sym.getRawDataRefImpl());
179     if (GV && GV->hasAppendingLinkage())
180       Keep.push_back(GV);
181     if (BitcodeFile::shouldSkip(Flags))
182       continue;
183     Symbol *S = Syms[BodyIndex++];
184     if (Flags & BasicSymbolRef::SF_Undefined)
185       continue;
186     auto *B = dyn_cast<DefinedBitcode>(S->body());
187     if (!B || B->File != &F)
188       continue;
189 
190     // We collect the set of symbols we want to internalize here
191     // and change the linkage after the IRMover executed, i.e. after
192     // we imported the symbols and satisfied undefined references
193     // to it. We can't just change linkage here because otherwise
194     // the IRMover will just rename the symbol.
195     if (GV && shouldInternalize(Used, S, GV))
196       InternalizedSyms.insert(GV->getName());
197 
198     // At this point we know that either the combined LTO object will provide a
199     // definition of a symbol, or we will internalize it. In either case, we
200     // need to undefine the symbol. In the former case, the real definition
201     // needs to be able to replace the original definition without conflicting.
202     // In the latter case, we need to allow the combined LTO object to provide a
203     // definition with the same name, for example when doing parallel codegen.
204     undefine(S);
205 
206     if (!GV)
207       // Module asm symbol.
208       continue;
209 
210     switch (GV->getLinkage()) {
211     default:
212       break;
213     case llvm::GlobalValue::LinkOnceAnyLinkage:
214       GV->setLinkage(GlobalValue::WeakAnyLinkage);
215       break;
216     case llvm::GlobalValue::LinkOnceODRLinkage:
217       GV->setLinkage(GlobalValue::WeakODRLinkage);
218       break;
219     }
220 
221     Keep.push_back(GV);
222   }
223 
224   if (Error E = Mover.move(Obj->takeModule(), Keep,
225                            [](GlobalValue &, IRMover::ValueAdder) {})) {
226     handleAllErrors(std::move(E), [&](const llvm::ErrorInfoBase &EIB) {
227       fatal("failed to link module " + F.getName() + ": " + EIB.message());
228     });
229   }
230 }
231 
232 static void internalize(GlobalValue &GV) {
233   assert(!GV.hasLocalLinkage() &&
234          "Trying to internalize a symbol with local linkage!");
235   GV.setLinkage(GlobalValue::InternalLinkage);
236 }
237 
238 std::vector<std::unique_ptr<InputFile>> BitcodeCompiler::runSplitCodegen(
239     const std::function<std::unique_ptr<TargetMachine>()> &TMFactory) {
240   unsigned NumThreads = Config->LtoJobs;
241   OwningData.resize(NumThreads);
242 
243   std::list<raw_svector_ostream> OSs;
244   std::vector<raw_pwrite_stream *> OSPtrs;
245   for (SmallString<0> &Obj : OwningData) {
246     OSs.emplace_back(Obj);
247     OSPtrs.push_back(&OSs.back());
248   }
249 
250   splitCodeGen(std::move(Combined), OSPtrs, {}, TMFactory);
251 
252   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<InputFile>> ObjFiles;
253   for (SmallString<0> &Obj : OwningData)
254     ObjFiles.push_back(createObjectFile(
255         MemoryBufferRef(Obj, "LLD-INTERNAL-combined-lto-object")));
256 
257   if (Config->SaveTemps)
258     for (unsigned I = 0; I < NumThreads; ++I)
259       saveLtoObjectFile(OwningData[I], I, NumThreads > 1);
260 
261   return ObjFiles;
262 }
263 
264 // Merge all the bitcode files we have seen, codegen the result
265 // and return the resulting ObjectFile.
266 std::vector<std::unique_ptr<InputFile>> BitcodeCompiler::compile() {
267   TheTriple = Combined->getTargetTriple();
268   for (const auto &Name : InternalizedSyms) {
269     GlobalValue *GV = Combined->getNamedValue(Name.first());
270     assert(GV);
271     internalize(*GV);
272   }
273 
274   if (Config->SaveTemps)
275     saveBCFile(*Combined, ".lto.bc");
276 
277   std::string Msg;
278   const Target *T = TargetRegistry::lookupTarget(TheTriple, Msg);
279   if (!T)
280     fatal("target not found: " + Msg);
281   TargetOptions Options = InitTargetOptionsFromCodeGenFlags();
282   Reloc::Model R = Config->Pic ? Reloc::PIC_ : Reloc::Static;
283 
284   auto CreateTargetMachine = [&]() {
285     return std::unique_ptr<TargetMachine>(
286         T->createTargetMachine(TheTriple, "", "", Options, R));
287   };
288 
289   std::unique_ptr<TargetMachine> TM = CreateTargetMachine();
290   runLTOPasses(*Combined, *TM);
291   if (HasError)
292     return {};
293 
294   return runSplitCodegen(CreateTargetMachine);
295 }
296