1 //===-------------------------- cxa_demangle.cpp --------------------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is dual licensed under the MIT and the University of Illinois Open
6 // Source Licenses. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #define _LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE(...)
11 #define _LIBCPP_NO_EXCEPTIONS
12 
13 #include <vector>
14 #include <algorithm>
15 #include <string>
16 #include <numeric>
17 #include <cstdlib>
18 #include <cstring>
19 #include <cctype>
20 
21 namespace __cxxabiv1
22 {
23 
24 namespace
25 {
26 
27 enum
28 {
29     unknown_error = -4,
30     invalid_args = -3,
31     invalid_mangled_name,
32     memory_alloc_failure,
33     success
34 };
35 
36 template <class C>
37     const char* parse_type(const char* first, const char* last, C& db);
38 template <class C>
39     const char* parse_encoding(const char* first, const char* last, C& db);
40 template <class C>
41     const char* parse_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db,
42                            bool* ends_with_template_args = 0);
43 template <class C>
44     const char* parse_expression(const char* first, const char* last, C& db);
45 template <class C>
46     const char* parse_template_args(const char* first, const char* last, C& db);
47 template <class C>
48     const char* parse_operator_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db);
49 template <class C>
50     const char* parse_unqualified_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db);
51 template <class C>
52     const char* parse_decltype(const char* first, const char* last, C& db);
53 
54 template <class C>
55 void
56 print_stack(const C& db)
57 {
58     fprintf(stderr, "---------\n");
59     fprintf(stderr, "names:\n");
60     for (auto& s : db.names)
61         fprintf(stderr, "{%s#%s}\n", s.first.c_str(), s.second.c_str());
62     int i = -1;
63     fprintf(stderr, "subs:\n");
64     for (auto& v : db.subs)
65     {
66         if (i >= 0)
67             fprintf(stderr, "S%i_ = {", i);
68         else
69             fprintf(stderr, "S_  = {");
70         for (auto& s : v)
71             fprintf(stderr, "{%s#%s}", s.first.c_str(), s.second.c_str());
72         fprintf(stderr, "}\n");
73         ++i;
74     }
75     fprintf(stderr, "template_param:\n");
76     for (auto& t : db.template_param)
77     {
78         fprintf(stderr, "--\n");
79         i = -1;
80         for (auto& v : t)
81         {
82             if (i >= 0)
83                 fprintf(stderr, "T%i_ = {", i);
84             else
85                 fprintf(stderr, "T_  = {");
86             for (auto& s : v)
87                 fprintf(stderr, "{%s#%s}", s.first.c_str(), s.second.c_str());
88             fprintf(stderr, "}\n");
89             ++i;
90         }
91     }
92     fprintf(stderr, "---------\n\n");
93 }
94 
95 template <class C>
96 void
97 print_state(const char* msg, const char* first, const char* last, const C& db)
98 {
99     fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", msg);
100     for (; first != last; ++first)
101         fprintf(stderr, "%c", *first);
102     fprintf(stderr, "\n");
103     print_stack(db);
104 }
105 
106 // <number> ::= [n] <non-negative decimal integer>
107 
108 const char*
109 parse_number(const char* first, const char* last)
110 {
111     if (first != last)
112     {
113         const char* t = first;
114         if (*t == 'n')
115             ++t;
116         if (t != last)
117         {
118             if (*t == '0')
119             {
120                 first = t+1;
121             }
122             else if ('1' <= *t && *t <= '9')
123             {
124                 first = t+1;
125                 while (first != last && std::isdigit(*first))
126                     ++first;
127             }
128         }
129     }
130     return first;
131 }
132 
133 template <class Float>
134 struct float_data;
135 
136 template <>
137 struct float_data<float>
138 {
139     static const size_t mangled_size = 8;
140     static const size_t max_demangled_size = 24;
141     static constexpr const char* spec = "%af";
142 };
143 
144 constexpr const char* float_data<float>::spec;
145 
146 template <>
147 struct float_data<double>
148 {
149     static const size_t mangled_size = 16;
150     static const size_t max_demangled_size = 32;
151     static constexpr const char* spec = "%a";
152 };
153 
154 constexpr const char* float_data<double>::spec;
155 
156 template <>
157 struct float_data<long double>
158 {
159 #if defined(__arm__)
160     static const size_t mangled_size = 16;
161 #else
162     static const size_t mangled_size = 20;  // May need to be adjusted to 16 or 24 on other platforms
163 #endif
164     static const size_t max_demangled_size = 40;
165     static constexpr const char* spec = "%LaL";
166 };
167 
168 constexpr const char* float_data<long double>::spec;
169 
170 template <class Float, class C>
171 const char*
172 parse_floating_number(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
173 {
174     const size_t N = float_data<Float>::mangled_size;
175     if (static_cast<std::size_t>(last - first) > N)
176     {
177         last = first + N;
178         union
179         {
180             Float value;
181             char buf[sizeof(Float)];
182         };
183         const char* t = first;
184         char* e = buf;
185         for (; t != last; ++t, ++e)
186         {
187             if (!isxdigit(*t))
188                 return first;
189             unsigned d1 = isdigit(*t) ? static_cast<unsigned>(*t - '0') :
190                                         static_cast<unsigned>(*t - 'a' + 10);
191             ++t;
192             unsigned d0 = isdigit(*t) ? static_cast<unsigned>(*t - '0') :
193                                         static_cast<unsigned>(*t - 'a' + 10);
194             *e = static_cast<char>((d1 << 4) + d0);
195         }
196         if (*t == 'E')
197         {
198 #if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
199             std::reverse(buf, e);
200 #endif
201             char num[float_data<Float>::max_demangled_size] = {0};
202             int n = snprintf(num, sizeof(num), float_data<Float>::spec, value);
203             if (static_cast<std::size_t>(n) >= sizeof(num))
204                 return first;
205             db.names.push_back(typename C::String(num, static_cast<std::size_t>(n)));
206             first = t+1;
207         }
208     }
209     return first;
210 }
211 
212 // <source-name> ::= <positive length number> <identifier>
213 
214 template <class C>
215 const char*
216 parse_source_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
217 {
218     if (first != last)
219     {
220         char c = *first;
221         if (isdigit(c) && first+1 != last)
222         {
223             const char* t = first+1;
224             size_t n = static_cast<size_t>(c - '0');
225             for (c = *t; isdigit(c); c = *t)
226             {
227                 n = n * 10 + static_cast<size_t>(c - '0');
228                 if (++t == last)
229                     return first;
230             }
231             if (static_cast<size_t>(last - t) >= n)
232             {
233                 typename C::String r(t, n);
234                 if (r.substr(0, 10) == "_GLOBAL__N")
235                     db.names.push_back("(anonymous namespace)");
236                 else
237                     db.names.push_back(std::move(r));
238                 first = t + n;
239             }
240         }
241     }
242     return first;
243 }
244 
245 // <substitution> ::= S <seq-id> _
246 //                ::= S_
247 // <substitution> ::= Sa # ::std::allocator
248 // <substitution> ::= Sb # ::std::basic_string
249 // <substitution> ::= Ss # ::std::basic_string < char,
250 //                                               ::std::char_traits<char>,
251 //                                               ::std::allocator<char> >
252 // <substitution> ::= Si # ::std::basic_istream<char,  std::char_traits<char> >
253 // <substitution> ::= So # ::std::basic_ostream<char,  std::char_traits<char> >
254 // <substitution> ::= Sd # ::std::basic_iostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >
255 
256 template <class C>
257 const char*
258 parse_substitution(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
259 {
260     if (last - first >= 2)
261     {
262         if (*first == 'S')
263         {
264             switch (first[1])
265             {
266             case 'a':
267                 db.names.push_back("std::allocator");
268                 first += 2;
269                 break;
270             case 'b':
271                 db.names.push_back("std::basic_string");
272                 first += 2;
273                 break;
274             case 's':
275                 db.names.push_back("std::string");
276                 first += 2;
277                 break;
278             case 'i':
279                 db.names.push_back("std::istream");
280                 first += 2;
281                 break;
282             case 'o':
283                 db.names.push_back("std::ostream");
284                 first += 2;
285                 break;
286             case 'd':
287                 db.names.push_back("std::iostream");
288                 first += 2;
289                 break;
290             case '_':
291                 if (!db.subs.empty())
292                 {
293                     for (const auto& n : db.subs.front())
294                         db.names.push_back(n);
295                     first += 2;
296                 }
297                 break;
298             default:
299                 if (std::isdigit(first[1]) || std::isupper(first[1]))
300                 {
301                     size_t sub = 0;
302                     const char* t = first+1;
303                     if (std::isdigit(*t))
304                         sub = static_cast<size_t>(*t - '0');
305                     else
306                         sub = static_cast<size_t>(*t - 'A') + 10;
307                     for (++t; t != last && (std::isdigit(*t) || std::isupper(*t)); ++t)
308                     {
309                         sub *= 36;
310                         if (std::isdigit(*t))
311                             sub += static_cast<size_t>(*t - '0');
312                         else
313                             sub += static_cast<size_t>(*t - 'A') + 10;
314                     }
315                     if (t == last || *t != '_')
316                         return first;
317                     ++sub;
318                     if (sub < db.subs.size())
319                     {
320                         for (const auto& n : db.subs[sub])
321                             db.names.push_back(n);
322                         first = t+1;
323                     }
324                 }
325                 break;
326             }
327         }
328     }
329     return first;
330 }
331 
332 // <builtin-type> ::= v    # void
333 //                ::= w    # wchar_t
334 //                ::= b    # bool
335 //                ::= c    # char
336 //                ::= a    # signed char
337 //                ::= h    # unsigned char
338 //                ::= s    # short
339 //                ::= t    # unsigned short
340 //                ::= i    # int
341 //                ::= j    # unsigned int
342 //                ::= l    # long
343 //                ::= m    # unsigned long
344 //                ::= x    # long long, __int64
345 //                ::= y    # unsigned long long, __int64
346 //                ::= n    # __int128
347 //                ::= o    # unsigned __int128
348 //                ::= f    # float
349 //                ::= d    # double
350 //                ::= e    # long double, __float80
351 //                ::= g    # __float128
352 //                ::= z    # ellipsis
353 //                ::= Dd   # IEEE 754r decimal floating point (64 bits)
354 //                ::= De   # IEEE 754r decimal floating point (128 bits)
355 //                ::= Df   # IEEE 754r decimal floating point (32 bits)
356 //                ::= Dh   # IEEE 754r half-precision floating point (16 bits)
357 //                ::= Di   # char32_t
358 //                ::= Ds   # char16_t
359 //                ::= Da   # auto (in dependent new-expressions)
360 //                ::= Dc   # decltype(auto)
361 //                ::= Dn   # std::nullptr_t (i.e., decltype(nullptr))
362 //                ::= u <source-name>    # vendor extended type
363 
364 template <class C>
365 const char*
366 parse_builtin_type(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
367 {
368     if (first != last)
369     {
370         switch (*first)
371         {
372         case 'v':
373             db.names.push_back("void");
374             ++first;
375             break;
376         case 'w':
377             db.names.push_back("wchar_t");
378             ++first;
379             break;
380         case 'b':
381             db.names.push_back("bool");
382             ++first;
383             break;
384         case 'c':
385             db.names.push_back("char");
386             ++first;
387             break;
388         case 'a':
389             db.names.push_back("signed char");
390             ++first;
391             break;
392         case 'h':
393             db.names.push_back("unsigned char");
394             ++first;
395             break;
396         case 's':
397             db.names.push_back("short");
398             ++first;
399             break;
400         case 't':
401             db.names.push_back("unsigned short");
402             ++first;
403             break;
404         case 'i':
405             db.names.push_back("int");
406             ++first;
407             break;
408         case 'j':
409             db.names.push_back("unsigned int");
410             ++first;
411             break;
412         case 'l':
413             db.names.push_back("long");
414             ++first;
415             break;
416         case 'm':
417             db.names.push_back("unsigned long");
418             ++first;
419             break;
420         case 'x':
421             db.names.push_back("long long");
422             ++first;
423             break;
424         case 'y':
425             db.names.push_back("unsigned long long");
426             ++first;
427             break;
428         case 'n':
429             db.names.push_back("__int128");
430             ++first;
431             break;
432         case 'o':
433             db.names.push_back("unsigned __int128");
434             ++first;
435             break;
436         case 'f':
437             db.names.push_back("float");
438             ++first;
439             break;
440         case 'd':
441             db.names.push_back("double");
442             ++first;
443             break;
444         case 'e':
445             db.names.push_back("long double");
446             ++first;
447             break;
448         case 'g':
449             db.names.push_back("__float128");
450             ++first;
451             break;
452         case 'z':
453             db.names.push_back("...");
454             ++first;
455             break;
456         case 'u':
457             {
458                 const char*t = parse_source_name(first+1, last, db);
459                 if (t != first+1)
460                     first = t;
461             }
462             break;
463         case 'D':
464             if (first+1 != last)
465             {
466                 switch (first[1])
467                 {
468                 case 'd':
469                     db.names.push_back("decimal64");
470                     first += 2;
471                     break;
472                 case 'e':
473                     db.names.push_back("decimal128");
474                     first += 2;
475                     break;
476                 case 'f':
477                     db.names.push_back("decimal32");
478                     first += 2;
479                     break;
480                 case 'h':
481                     db.names.push_back("decimal16");
482                     first += 2;
483                     break;
484                 case 'i':
485                     db.names.push_back("char32_t");
486                     first += 2;
487                     break;
488                 case 's':
489                     db.names.push_back("char16_t");
490                     first += 2;
491                     break;
492                 case 'a':
493                     db.names.push_back("auto");
494                     first += 2;
495                     break;
496                 case 'c':
497                     db.names.push_back("decltype(auto)");
498                     first += 2;
499                     break;
500                 case 'n':
501                     db.names.push_back("std::nullptr_t");
502                     first += 2;
503                     break;
504                 }
505             }
506             break;
507         }
508     }
509     return first;
510 }
511 
512 // <CV-qualifiers> ::= [r] [V] [K]
513 
514 const char*
515 parse_cv_qualifiers(const char* first, const char* last, unsigned& cv)
516 {
517     cv = 0;
518     if (first != last)
519     {
520         if (*first == 'r')
521         {
522             cv |= 4;
523             ++first;
524         }
525         if (*first == 'V')
526         {
527             cv |= 2;
528             ++first;
529         }
530         if (*first == 'K')
531         {
532             cv |= 1;
533             ++first;
534         }
535     }
536     return first;
537 }
538 
539 // <template-param> ::= T_    # first template parameter
540 //                  ::= T <parameter-2 non-negative number> _
541 
542 template <class C>
543 const char*
544 parse_template_param(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
545 {
546     if (last - first >= 2)
547     {
548         if (*first == 'T')
549         {
550             if (first[1] == '_')
551             {
552                 if (db.template_param.empty())
553                     return first;
554                 if (!db.template_param.back().empty())
555                 {
556                     for (auto& t : db.template_param.back().front())
557                         db.names.push_back(t);
558                     first += 2;
559                 }
560                 else
561                 {
562                     db.names.push_back("T_");
563                     first += 2;
564                     db.fix_forward_references = true;
565                 }
566             }
567             else if (isdigit(first[1]))
568             {
569                 const char* t = first+1;
570                 size_t sub = static_cast<size_t>(*t - '0');
571                 for (++t; t != last && isdigit(*t); ++t)
572                 {
573                     sub *= 10;
574                     sub += static_cast<size_t>(*t - '0');
575                 }
576                 if (t == last || *t != '_' || db.template_param.empty())
577                     return first;
578                 ++sub;
579                 if (sub < db.template_param.back().size())
580                 {
581                     for (auto& temp : db.template_param.back()[sub])
582                         db.names.push_back(temp);
583                     first = t+1;
584                 }
585                 else
586                 {
587                     db.names.push_back(typename C::String(first, t+1));
588                     first = t+1;
589                     db.fix_forward_references = true;
590                 }
591             }
592         }
593     }
594     return first;
595 }
596 
597 // cc <type> <expression>                               # const_cast<type> (expression)
598 
599 template <class C>
600 const char*
601 parse_const_cast_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
602 {
603     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 'c' && first[1] == 'c')
604     {
605         const char* t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
606         if (t != first+2)
607         {
608             const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
609             if (t1 != t)
610             {
611                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
612                     return first;
613                 auto expr = db.names.back().move_full();
614                 db.names.pop_back();
615                 db.names.back() = "const_cast<" + db.names.back().move_full() + ">(" + expr + ")";
616                 first = t1;
617             }
618         }
619     }
620     return first;
621 }
622 
623 // dc <type> <expression>                               # dynamic_cast<type> (expression)
624 
625 template <class C>
626 const char*
627 parse_dynamic_cast_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
628 {
629     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 'd' && first[1] == 'c')
630     {
631         const char* t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
632         if (t != first+2)
633         {
634             const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
635             if (t1 != t)
636             {
637                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
638                     return first;
639                 auto expr = db.names.back().move_full();
640                 db.names.pop_back();
641                 db.names.back() = "dynamic_cast<" + db.names.back().move_full() + ">(" + expr + ")";
642                 first = t1;
643             }
644         }
645     }
646     return first;
647 }
648 
649 // rc <type> <expression>                               # reinterpret_cast<type> (expression)
650 
651 template <class C>
652 const char*
653 parse_reinterpret_cast_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
654 {
655     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 'r' && first[1] == 'c')
656     {
657         const char* t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
658         if (t != first+2)
659         {
660             const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
661             if (t1 != t)
662             {
663                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
664                     return first;
665                 auto expr = db.names.back().move_full();
666                 db.names.pop_back();
667                 db.names.back() = "reinterpret_cast<" + db.names.back().move_full() + ">(" + expr + ")";
668                 first = t1;
669             }
670         }
671     }
672     return first;
673 }
674 
675 // sc <type> <expression>                               # static_cast<type> (expression)
676 
677 template <class C>
678 const char*
679 parse_static_cast_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
680 {
681     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 's' && first[1] == 'c')
682     {
683         const char* t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
684         if (t != first+2)
685         {
686             const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
687             if (t1 != t)
688             {
689                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
690                     return first;
691                 auto expr = db.names.back().move_full();
692                 db.names.pop_back();
693                 db.names.back() = "static_cast<" + db.names.back().move_full() + ">(" + expr + ")";
694                 first = t1;
695             }
696         }
697     }
698     return first;
699 }
700 
701 // sp <expression>                                  # pack expansion
702 
703 template <class C>
704 const char*
705 parse_pack_expansion(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
706 {
707     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 's' && first[1] == 'p')
708     {
709         const char* t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
710         if (t != first+2)
711             first = t;
712     }
713     return first;
714 }
715 
716 // st <type>                                            # sizeof (a type)
717 
718 template <class C>
719 const char*
720 parse_sizeof_type_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
721 {
722     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 's' && first[1] == 't')
723     {
724         const char* t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
725         if (t != first+2)
726         {
727             if (db.names.empty())
728                 return first;
729             db.names.back() = "sizeof (" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")";
730             first = t;
731         }
732     }
733     return first;
734 }
735 
736 // sz <expr>                                            # sizeof (a expression)
737 
738 template <class C>
739 const char*
740 parse_sizeof_expr_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
741 {
742     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 's' && first[1] == 'z')
743     {
744         const char* t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
745         if (t != first+2)
746         {
747             if (db.names.empty())
748                 return first;
749             db.names.back() = "sizeof (" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")";
750             first = t;
751         }
752     }
753     return first;
754 }
755 
756 // sZ <template-param>                                  # size of a parameter pack
757 
758 template <class C>
759 const char*
760 parse_sizeof_param_pack_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
761 {
762     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 's' && first[1] == 'Z' && first[2] == 'T')
763     {
764         size_t k0 = db.names.size();
765         const char* t = parse_template_param(first+2, last, db);
766         size_t k1 = db.names.size();
767         if (t != first+2)
768         {
769             typename C::String tmp("sizeof...(");
770             size_t k = k0;
771             if (k != k1)
772             {
773                 tmp += db.names[k].move_full();
774                 for (++k; k != k1; ++k)
775                     tmp += ", " + db.names[k].move_full();
776             }
777             tmp += ")";
778             for (; k1 != k0; --k1)
779                 db.names.pop_back();
780             db.names.push_back(std::move(tmp));
781             first = t;
782         }
783     }
784     return first;
785 }
786 
787 // <function-param> ::= fp <top-level CV-qualifiers> _                                     # L == 0, first parameter
788 //                  ::= fp <top-level CV-qualifiers> <parameter-2 non-negative number> _   # L == 0, second and later parameters
789 //                  ::= fL <L-1 non-negative number> p <top-level CV-qualifiers> _         # L > 0, first parameter
790 //                  ::= fL <L-1 non-negative number> p <top-level CV-qualifiers> <parameter-2 non-negative number> _   # L > 0, second and later parameters
791 
792 template <class C>
793 const char*
794 parse_function_param(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
795 {
796     if (last - first >= 3 && *first == 'f')
797     {
798         if (first[1] == 'p')
799         {
800             unsigned cv;
801             const char* t = parse_cv_qualifiers(first+2, last, cv);
802             const char* t1 = parse_number(t, last);
803             if (t1 != last && *t1 == '_')
804             {
805                 db.names.push_back("fp" + typename C::String(t, t1));
806                 first = t1+1;
807             }
808         }
809         else if (first[1] == 'L')
810         {
811             unsigned cv;
812             const char* t0 = parse_number(first+2, last);
813             if (t0 != last && *t0 == 'p')
814             {
815                 ++t0;
816                 const char* t = parse_cv_qualifiers(t0, last, cv);
817                 const char* t1 = parse_number(t, last);
818                 if (t1 != last && *t1 == '_')
819                 {
820                     db.names.push_back("fp" + typename C::String(t, t1));
821                     first = t1+1;
822                 }
823             }
824         }
825     }
826     return first;
827 }
828 
829 // sZ <function-param>                                  # size of a function parameter pack
830 
831 template <class C>
832 const char*
833 parse_sizeof_function_param_pack_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
834 {
835     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 's' && first[1] == 'Z' && first[2] == 'f')
836     {
837         const char* t = parse_function_param(first+2, last, db);
838         if (t != first+2)
839         {
840             if (db.names.empty())
841                 return first;
842             db.names.back() = "sizeof...(" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")";
843             first = t;
844         }
845     }
846     return first;
847 }
848 
849 // te <expression>                                      # typeid (expression)
850 // ti <type>                                            # typeid (type)
851 
852 template <class C>
853 const char*
854 parse_typeid_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
855 {
856     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 't' && (first[1] == 'e' || first[1] == 'i'))
857     {
858         const char* t;
859         if (first[1] == 'e')
860             t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
861         else
862             t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
863         if (t != first+2)
864         {
865             if (db.names.empty())
866                 return first;
867             db.names.back() = "typeid(" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")";
868             first = t;
869         }
870     }
871     return first;
872 }
873 
874 // tw <expression>                                      # throw expression
875 
876 template <class C>
877 const char*
878 parse_throw_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
879 {
880     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 't' && first[1] == 'w')
881     {
882         const char* t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
883         if (t != first+2)
884         {
885             if (db.names.empty())
886                 return first;
887             db.names.back() = "throw " + db.names.back().move_full();
888             first = t;
889         }
890     }
891     return first;
892 }
893 
894 // ds <expression> <expression>                         # expr.*expr
895 
896 template <class C>
897 const char*
898 parse_dot_star_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
899 {
900     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 'd' && first[1] == 's')
901     {
902         const char* t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
903         if (t != first+2)
904         {
905             const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
906             if (t1 != t)
907             {
908                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
909                     return first;
910                 auto expr = db.names.back().move_full();
911                 db.names.pop_back();
912                 db.names.back().first += ".*" + expr;
913                 first = t1;
914             }
915         }
916     }
917     return first;
918 }
919 
920 // <simple-id> ::= <source-name> [ <template-args> ]
921 
922 template <class C>
923 const char*
924 parse_simple_id(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
925 {
926     if (first != last)
927     {
928         const char* t = parse_source_name(first, last, db);
929         if (t != first)
930         {
931             const char* t1 = parse_template_args(t, last, db);
932             if (t1 != t)
933             {
934                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
935                     return first;
936                 auto args = db.names.back().move_full();
937                 db.names.pop_back();
938                 db.names.back().first += std::move(args);
939             }
940             first = t1;
941         }
942         else
943             first = t;
944     }
945     return first;
946 }
947 
948 // <unresolved-type> ::= <template-param>
949 //                   ::= <decltype>
950 //                   ::= <substitution>
951 
952 template <class C>
953 const char*
954 parse_unresolved_type(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
955 {
956     if (first != last)
957     {
958         const char* t = first;
959         switch (*first)
960         {
961         case 'T':
962           {
963             size_t k0 = db.names.size();
964             t = parse_template_param(first, last, db);
965             size_t k1 = db.names.size();
966             if (t != first && k1 == k0 + 1)
967             {
968                 db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
969                 first = t;
970             }
971             else
972             {
973                 for (; k1 != k0; --k1)
974                     db.names.pop_back();
975             }
976             break;
977           }
978         case 'D':
979             t = parse_decltype(first, last, db);
980             if (t != first)
981             {
982                 if (db.names.empty())
983                     return first;
984                 db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
985                 first = t;
986             }
987             break;
988         case 'S':
989             t = parse_substitution(first, last, db);
990             if (t != first)
991                 first = t;
992             else
993             {
994                 if (last - first > 2 && first[1] == 't')
995                 {
996                     t = parse_unqualified_name(first+2, last, db);
997                     if (t != first+2)
998                     {
999                         if (db.names.empty())
1000                             return first;
1001                         db.names.back().first.insert(0, "std::");
1002                         db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
1003                         first = t;
1004                     }
1005                 }
1006             }
1007             break;
1008        }
1009     }
1010     return first;
1011 }
1012 
1013 // <destructor-name> ::= <unresolved-type>                               # e.g., ~T or ~decltype(f())
1014 //                   ::= <simple-id>                                     # e.g., ~A<2*N>
1015 
1016 template <class C>
1017 const char*
1018 parse_destructor_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1019 {
1020     if (first != last)
1021     {
1022         const char* t = parse_unresolved_type(first, last, db);
1023         if (t == first)
1024             t = parse_simple_id(first, last, db);
1025         if (t != first)
1026         {
1027             if (db.names.empty())
1028                 return first;
1029             db.names.back().first.insert(0, "~");
1030             first = t;
1031         }
1032     }
1033     return first;
1034 }
1035 
1036 // <base-unresolved-name> ::= <simple-id>                                # unresolved name
1037 //          extension     ::= <operator-name>                            # unresolved operator-function-id
1038 //          extension     ::= <operator-name> <template-args>            # unresolved operator template-id
1039 //                        ::= on <operator-name>                         # unresolved operator-function-id
1040 //                        ::= on <operator-name> <template-args>         # unresolved operator template-id
1041 //                        ::= dn <destructor-name>                       # destructor or pseudo-destructor;
1042 //                                                                         # e.g. ~X or ~X<N-1>
1043 
1044 template <class C>
1045 const char*
1046 parse_base_unresolved_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1047 {
1048     if (last - first >= 2)
1049     {
1050         if ((first[0] == 'o' || first[0] == 'd') && first[1] == 'n')
1051         {
1052             if (first[0] == 'o')
1053             {
1054                 const char* t = parse_operator_name(first+2, last, db);
1055                 if (t != first+2)
1056                 {
1057                     first = parse_template_args(t, last, db);
1058                     if (first != t)
1059                     {
1060                         if (db.names.size() < 2)
1061                             return first;
1062                         auto args = db.names.back().move_full();
1063                         db.names.pop_back();
1064                         db.names.back().first += std::move(args);
1065                     }
1066                 }
1067             }
1068             else
1069             {
1070                 const char* t = parse_destructor_name(first+2, last, db);
1071                 if (t != first+2)
1072                     first = t;
1073             }
1074         }
1075         else
1076         {
1077             const char* t = parse_simple_id(first, last, db);
1078             if (t == first)
1079             {
1080                 t = parse_operator_name(first, last, db);
1081                 if (t != first)
1082                 {
1083                     first = parse_template_args(t, last, db);
1084                     if (first != t)
1085                     {
1086                         if (db.names.size() < 2)
1087                             return first;
1088                         auto args = db.names.back().move_full();
1089                         db.names.pop_back();
1090                         db.names.back().first += std::move(args);
1091                     }
1092                 }
1093             }
1094             else
1095                 first = t;
1096         }
1097     }
1098     return first;
1099 }
1100 
1101 // <unresolved-qualifier-level> ::= <simple-id>
1102 
1103 template <class C>
1104 const char*
1105 parse_unresolved_qualifier_level(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1106 {
1107     return parse_simple_id(first, last, db);
1108 }
1109 
1110 // <unresolved-name>
1111 //  extension        ::= srN <unresolved-type> [<template-args>] <unresolved-qualifier-level>* E <base-unresolved-name>
1112 //                   ::= [gs] <base-unresolved-name>                     # x or (with "gs") ::x
1113 //                   ::= [gs] sr <unresolved-qualifier-level>+ E <base-unresolved-name>
1114 //                                                                       # A::x, N::y, A<T>::z; "gs" means leading "::"
1115 //                   ::= sr <unresolved-type> <base-unresolved-name>     # T::x / decltype(p)::x
1116 //  extension        ::= sr <unresolved-type> <template-args> <base-unresolved-name>
1117 //                                                                       # T::N::x /decltype(p)::N::x
1118 //  (ignored)        ::= srN <unresolved-type>  <unresolved-qualifier-level>+ E <base-unresolved-name>
1119 
1120 template <class C>
1121 const char*
1122 parse_unresolved_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1123 {
1124     if (last - first > 2)
1125     {
1126         const char* t = first;
1127         bool global = false;
1128         if (t[0] == 'g' && t[1] == 's')
1129         {
1130             global = true;
1131             t += 2;
1132         }
1133         const char* t2 = parse_base_unresolved_name(t, last, db);
1134         if (t2 != t)
1135         {
1136             if (global)
1137             {
1138                 if (db.names.empty())
1139                     return first;
1140                 db.names.back().first.insert(0, "::");
1141             }
1142             first = t2;
1143         }
1144         else if (last - t > 2 && t[0] == 's' && t[1] == 'r')
1145         {
1146             if (t[2] == 'N')
1147             {
1148                 t += 3;
1149                 const char* t1 = parse_unresolved_type(t, last, db);
1150                 if (t1 == t || t1 == last)
1151                     return first;
1152                 t = t1;
1153                 t1 = parse_template_args(t, last, db);
1154                 if (t1 != t)
1155                 {
1156                     if (db.names.size() < 2)
1157                         return first;
1158                     auto args = db.names.back().move_full();
1159                     db.names.pop_back();
1160                     db.names.back().first += std::move(args);
1161                     t = t1;
1162                     if (t == last)
1163                     {
1164                         db.names.pop_back();
1165                         return first;
1166                     }
1167                 }
1168                 while (*t != 'E')
1169                 {
1170                     t1 = parse_unresolved_qualifier_level(t, last, db);
1171                     if (t1 == t || t1 == last || db.names.size() < 2)
1172                         return first;
1173                     auto s = db.names.back().move_full();
1174                     db.names.pop_back();
1175                     db.names.back().first += "::" + std::move(s);
1176                     t = t1;
1177                 }
1178                 ++t;
1179                 t1 = parse_base_unresolved_name(t, last, db);
1180                 if (t1 == t)
1181                 {
1182                     if (!db.names.empty())
1183                         db.names.pop_back();
1184                     return first;
1185                 }
1186                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
1187                     return first;
1188                 auto s = db.names.back().move_full();
1189                 db.names.pop_back();
1190                 db.names.back().first += "::" + std::move(s);
1191                 first = t1;
1192             }
1193             else
1194             {
1195                 t += 2;
1196                 const char* t1 = parse_unresolved_type(t, last, db);
1197                 if (t1 != t)
1198                 {
1199                     t = t1;
1200                     t1 = parse_template_args(t, last, db);
1201                     if (t1 != t)
1202                     {
1203                         if (db.names.size() < 2)
1204                             return first;
1205                         auto args = db.names.back().move_full();
1206                         db.names.pop_back();
1207                         db.names.back().first += std::move(args);
1208                         t = t1;
1209                     }
1210                     t1 = parse_base_unresolved_name(t, last, db);
1211                     if (t1 == t)
1212                     {
1213                         if (!db.names.empty())
1214                             db.names.pop_back();
1215                         return first;
1216                     }
1217                     if (db.names.size() < 2)
1218                         return first;
1219                     auto s = db.names.back().move_full();
1220                     db.names.pop_back();
1221                     db.names.back().first += "::" + std::move(s);
1222                     first = t1;
1223                 }
1224                 else
1225                 {
1226                     t1 = parse_unresolved_qualifier_level(t, last, db);
1227                     if (t1 == t || t1 == last)
1228                         return first;
1229                     t = t1;
1230                     if (global)
1231                     {
1232                         if (db.names.empty())
1233                             return first;
1234                         db.names.back().first.insert(0, "::");
1235                     }
1236                     while (*t != 'E')
1237                     {
1238                         t1 = parse_unresolved_qualifier_level(t, last, db);
1239                         if (t1 == t || t1 == last || db.names.size() < 2)
1240                             return first;
1241                         auto s = db.names.back().move_full();
1242                         db.names.pop_back();
1243                         db.names.back().first += "::" + std::move(s);
1244                         t = t1;
1245                     }
1246                     ++t;
1247                     t1 = parse_base_unresolved_name(t, last, db);
1248                     if (t1 == t)
1249                     {
1250                         if (!db.names.empty())
1251                             db.names.pop_back();
1252                         return first;
1253                     }
1254                     if (db.names.size() < 2)
1255                         return first;
1256                     auto s = db.names.back().move_full();
1257                     db.names.pop_back();
1258                     db.names.back().first += "::" + std::move(s);
1259                     first = t1;
1260                 }
1261             }
1262         }
1263     }
1264     return first;
1265 }
1266 
1267 // dt <expression> <unresolved-name>                    # expr.name
1268 
1269 template <class C>
1270 const char*
1271 parse_dot_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1272 {
1273     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 'd' && first[1] == 't')
1274     {
1275         const char* t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
1276         if (t != first+2)
1277         {
1278             const char* t1 = parse_unresolved_name(t, last, db);
1279             if (t1 != t)
1280             {
1281                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
1282                     return first;
1283                 auto name = db.names.back().move_full();
1284                 db.names.pop_back();
1285                 db.names.back().first += "." + name;
1286                 first = t1;
1287             }
1288         }
1289     }
1290     return first;
1291 }
1292 
1293 // cl <expression>+ E                                   # call
1294 
1295 template <class C>
1296 const char*
1297 parse_call_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1298 {
1299     if (last - first >= 4 && first[0] == 'c' && first[1] == 'l')
1300     {
1301         const char* t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
1302         if (t != first+2)
1303         {
1304             if (t == last)
1305                 return first;
1306             if (db.names.empty())
1307                 return first;
1308             db.names.back().first += db.names.back().second;
1309             db.names.back().second = typename C::String();
1310             db.names.back().first.append("(");
1311             bool first_expr = true;
1312             while (*t != 'E')
1313             {
1314                 const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
1315                 if (t1 == t || t1 == last)
1316                     return first;
1317                 if (db.names.empty())
1318                     return first;
1319                 auto tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
1320                 db.names.pop_back();
1321                 if (!tmp.empty())
1322                 {
1323                     if (db.names.empty())
1324                         return first;
1325                     if (!first_expr)
1326                     {
1327                         db.names.back().first.append(", ");
1328                         first_expr = false;
1329                     }
1330                     db.names.back().first.append(tmp);
1331                 }
1332                 t = t1;
1333             }
1334             ++t;
1335             if (db.names.empty())
1336                 return first;
1337             db.names.back().first.append(")");
1338             first = t;
1339         }
1340     }
1341     return first;
1342 }
1343 
1344 // [gs] nw <expression>* _ <type> E                     # new (expr-list) type
1345 // [gs] nw <expression>* _ <type> <initializer>         # new (expr-list) type (init)
1346 // [gs] na <expression>* _ <type> E                     # new[] (expr-list) type
1347 // [gs] na <expression>* _ <type> <initializer>         # new[] (expr-list) type (init)
1348 // <initializer> ::= pi <expression>* E                 # parenthesized initialization
1349 
1350 template <class C>
1351 const char*
1352 parse_new_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1353 {
1354     if (last - first >= 4)
1355     {
1356         const char* t = first;
1357         bool parsed_gs = false;
1358         if (t[0] == 'g' && t[1] == 's')
1359         {
1360             t += 2;
1361             parsed_gs = true;
1362         }
1363         if (t[0] == 'n' && (t[1] == 'w' || t[1] == 'a'))
1364         {
1365             bool is_array = t[1] == 'a';
1366             t += 2;
1367             if (t == last)
1368                 return first;
1369             bool has_expr_list = false;
1370             bool first_expr = true;
1371             while (*t != '_')
1372             {
1373                 const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
1374                 if (t1 == t || t1 == last)
1375                     return first;
1376                 has_expr_list = true;
1377                 if (!first_expr)
1378                 {
1379                     if (db.names.empty())
1380                         return first;
1381                     auto tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
1382                     db.names.pop_back();
1383                     if (!tmp.empty())
1384                     {
1385                         if (db.names.empty())
1386                             return first;
1387                         db.names.back().first.append(", ");
1388                         db.names.back().first.append(tmp);
1389                         first_expr = false;
1390                     }
1391                 }
1392                 t = t1;
1393             }
1394             ++t;
1395             const char* t1 = parse_type(t, last, db);
1396             if (t1 == t || t1 == last)
1397                 return first;
1398             t = t1;
1399             bool has_init = false;
1400             if (last - t >= 3 && t[0] == 'p' && t[1] == 'i')
1401             {
1402                 t += 2;
1403                 has_init = true;
1404                 first_expr = true;
1405                 while (*t != 'E')
1406                 {
1407                     t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
1408                     if (t1 == t || t1 == last)
1409                         return first;
1410                     if (!first_expr)
1411                     {
1412                         if (db.names.empty())
1413                             return first;
1414                         auto tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
1415                         db.names.pop_back();
1416                         if (!tmp.empty())
1417                         {
1418                             if (db.names.empty())
1419                                 return first;
1420                             db.names.back().first.append(", ");
1421                             db.names.back().first.append(tmp);
1422                             first_expr = false;
1423                         }
1424                     }
1425                     t = t1;
1426                 }
1427             }
1428             if (*t != 'E')
1429                 return first;
1430             typename C::String init_list;
1431             if (has_init)
1432             {
1433                 if (db.names.empty())
1434                     return first;
1435                 init_list = db.names.back().move_full();
1436                 db.names.pop_back();
1437             }
1438             if (db.names.empty())
1439                 return first;
1440             auto type = db.names.back().move_full();
1441             db.names.pop_back();
1442             typename C::String expr_list;
1443             if (has_expr_list)
1444             {
1445                 if (db.names.empty())
1446                     return first;
1447                 expr_list = db.names.back().move_full();
1448                 db.names.pop_back();
1449             }
1450             typename C::String r;
1451             if (parsed_gs)
1452                 r = "::";
1453             if (is_array)
1454                 r += "[] ";
1455             else
1456                 r += " ";
1457             if (has_expr_list)
1458                 r += "(" + expr_list + ") ";
1459             r += type;
1460             if (has_init)
1461                 r += " (" + init_list + ")";
1462             db.names.push_back(std::move(r));
1463             first = t+1;
1464         }
1465     }
1466     return first;
1467 }
1468 
1469 // cv <type> <expression>                               # conversion with one argument
1470 // cv <type> _ <expression>* E                          # conversion with a different number of arguments
1471 
1472 template <class C>
1473 const char*
1474 parse_conversion_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1475 {
1476     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 'c' && first[1] == 'v')
1477     {
1478         bool try_to_parse_template_args = db.try_to_parse_template_args;
1479         db.try_to_parse_template_args = false;
1480         const char* t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
1481         db.try_to_parse_template_args = try_to_parse_template_args;
1482         if (t != first+2 && t != last)
1483         {
1484             if (*t != '_')
1485             {
1486                 const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
1487                 if (t1 == t)
1488                     return first;
1489                 t = t1;
1490             }
1491             else
1492             {
1493                 ++t;
1494                 if (t == last)
1495                     return first;
1496                 if (*t == 'E')
1497                     db.names.emplace_back();
1498                 else
1499                 {
1500                     bool first_expr = true;
1501                     while (*t != 'E')
1502                     {
1503                         const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
1504                         if (t1 == t || t1 == last)
1505                             return first;
1506                         if (!first_expr)
1507                         {
1508                             if (db.names.empty())
1509                                 return first;
1510                             auto tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
1511                             db.names.pop_back();
1512                             if (!tmp.empty())
1513                             {
1514                                 if (db.names.empty())
1515                                     return first;
1516                                 db.names.back().first.append(", ");
1517                                 db.names.back().first.append(tmp);
1518                                 first_expr = false;
1519                             }
1520                         }
1521                         t = t1;
1522                     }
1523                 }
1524                 ++t;
1525             }
1526             if (db.names.size() < 2)
1527                 return first;
1528             auto tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
1529             db.names.pop_back();
1530             db.names.back() = "(" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")(" + tmp + ")";
1531             first = t;
1532         }
1533     }
1534     return first;
1535 }
1536 
1537 // pt <expression> <expression>                    # expr->name
1538 
1539 template <class C>
1540 const char*
1541 parse_arrow_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1542 {
1543     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 'p' && first[1] == 't')
1544     {
1545         const char* t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
1546         if (t != first+2)
1547         {
1548             const char* t1 = parse_expression(t, last, db);
1549             if (t1 != t)
1550             {
1551                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
1552                     return first;
1553                 auto tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
1554                 db.names.pop_back();
1555                 db.names.back().first += "->";
1556                 db.names.back().first += tmp;
1557                 first = t1;
1558             }
1559         }
1560     }
1561     return first;
1562 }
1563 
1564 //  <ref-qualifier> ::= R                   # & ref-qualifier
1565 //  <ref-qualifier> ::= O                   # && ref-qualifier
1566 
1567 // <function-type> ::= F [Y] <bare-function-type> [<ref-qualifier>] E
1568 
1569 template <class C>
1570 const char*
1571 parse_function_type(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1572 {
1573     if (first != last && *first == 'F')
1574     {
1575         const char* t = first+1;
1576         if (t != last)
1577         {
1578             if (*t == 'Y')
1579             {
1580                 /* extern "C" */
1581                 if (++t == last)
1582                     return first;
1583             }
1584             const char* t1 = parse_type(t, last, db);
1585             if (t1 != t)
1586             {
1587                 t = t1;
1588                 typename C::String sig("(");
1589                 int ref_qual = 0;
1590                 while (true)
1591                 {
1592                     if (t == last)
1593                     {
1594                         db.names.pop_back();
1595                         return first;
1596                     }
1597                     if (*t == 'E')
1598                     {
1599                         ++t;
1600                         break;
1601                     }
1602                     if (*t == 'v')
1603                     {
1604                         ++t;
1605                         continue;
1606                     }
1607                     if (*t == 'R' && t+1 != last && t[1] == 'E')
1608                     {
1609                         ref_qual = 1;
1610                         ++t;
1611                         continue;
1612                     }
1613                     if (*t == 'O' && t+1 != last && t[1] == 'E')
1614                     {
1615                         ref_qual = 2;
1616                         ++t;
1617                         continue;
1618                     }
1619                     size_t k0 = db.names.size();
1620                     t1 = parse_type(t, last, db);
1621                     size_t k1 = db.names.size();
1622                     if (t1 == t || t1 == last)
1623                         return first;
1624                     for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
1625                     {
1626                         if (sig.size() > 1)
1627                             sig += ", ";
1628                         sig += db.names[k].move_full();
1629                     }
1630                     for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
1631                         db.names.pop_back();
1632                     t = t1;
1633                 }
1634                 sig += ")";
1635                 switch (ref_qual)
1636                 {
1637                 case 1:
1638                     sig += " &";
1639                     break;
1640                 case 2:
1641                     sig += " &&";
1642                     break;
1643                 }
1644                 if (db.names.empty())
1645                     return first;
1646                 db.names.back().first += " ";
1647                 db.names.back().second.insert(0, sig);
1648                 first = t;
1649             }
1650         }
1651     }
1652     return first;
1653 }
1654 
1655 // <pointer-to-member-type> ::= M <class type> <member type>
1656 
1657 template <class C>
1658 const char*
1659 parse_pointer_to_member_type(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1660 {
1661     if (first != last && *first == 'M')
1662     {
1663         const char* t = parse_type(first+1, last, db);
1664         if (t != first+1)
1665         {
1666             const char* t2 = parse_type(t, last, db);
1667             if (t2 != t)
1668             {
1669                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
1670                     return first;
1671                 auto func = std::move(db.names.back());
1672                 db.names.pop_back();
1673                 auto class_type = std::move(db.names.back());
1674                 if (func.second.front() == '(')
1675                 {
1676                     db.names.back().first = std::move(func.first) + "(" + class_type.move_full() + "::*";
1677                     db.names.back().second = ")" + std::move(func.second);
1678                 }
1679                 else
1680                 {
1681                     db.names.back().first = std::move(func.first) + " " + class_type.move_full() + "::*";
1682                     db.names.back().second = std::move(func.second);
1683                 }
1684                 first = t2;
1685             }
1686         }
1687     }
1688     return first;
1689 }
1690 
1691 // <array-type> ::= A <positive dimension number> _ <element type>
1692 //              ::= A [<dimension expression>] _ <element type>
1693 
1694 template <class C>
1695 const char*
1696 parse_array_type(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1697 {
1698     if (first != last && *first == 'A' && first+1 != last)
1699     {
1700         if (first[1] == '_')
1701         {
1702             const char* t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
1703             if (t != first+2)
1704             {
1705                 if (db.names.empty())
1706                     return first;
1707                 if (db.names.back().second.substr(0, 2) == " [")
1708                     db.names.back().second.erase(0, 1);
1709                 db.names.back().second.insert(0, " []");
1710                 first = t;
1711             }
1712         }
1713         else if ('1' <= first[1] && first[1] <= '9')
1714         {
1715             const char* t = parse_number(first+1, last);
1716             if (t != last && *t == '_')
1717             {
1718                 const char* t2 = parse_type(t+1, last, db);
1719                 if (t2 != t+1)
1720                 {
1721                     if (db.names.empty())
1722                         return first;
1723                     if (db.names.back().second.substr(0, 2) == " [")
1724                         db.names.back().second.erase(0, 1);
1725                     db.names.back().second.insert(0, " [" + typename C::String(first+1, t) + "]");
1726                     first = t2;
1727                 }
1728             }
1729         }
1730         else
1731         {
1732             const char* t = parse_expression(first+1, last, db);
1733             if (t != first+1 && t != last && *t == '_')
1734             {
1735                 const char* t2 = parse_type(++t, last, db);
1736                 if (t2 != t)
1737                 {
1738                     if (db.names.size() < 2)
1739                         return first;
1740                     auto type = std::move(db.names.back());
1741                     db.names.pop_back();
1742                     auto expr = std::move(db.names.back());
1743                     db.names.back().first = std::move(type.first);
1744                     if (type.second.substr(0, 2) == " [")
1745                         type.second.erase(0, 1);
1746                     db.names.back().second = " [" + expr.move_full() + "]" + std::move(type.second);
1747                     first = t2;
1748                 }
1749             }
1750         }
1751     }
1752     return first;
1753 }
1754 
1755 // <decltype>  ::= Dt <expression> E  # decltype of an id-expression or class member access (C++0x)
1756 //             ::= DT <expression> E  # decltype of an expression (C++0x)
1757 
1758 template <class C>
1759 const char*
1760 parse_decltype(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1761 {
1762     if (last - first >= 4 && first[0] == 'D')
1763     {
1764         switch (first[1])
1765         {
1766         case 't':
1767         case 'T':
1768             {
1769                 const char* t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
1770                 if (t != first+2 && t != last && *t == 'E')
1771                 {
1772                     if (db.names.empty())
1773                         return first;
1774                     db.names.back() = "decltype(" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")";
1775                     first = t+1;
1776                 }
1777             }
1778             break;
1779         }
1780     }
1781     return first;
1782 }
1783 
1784 // extension:
1785 // <vector-type>           ::= Dv <positive dimension number> _
1786 //                                    <extended element type>
1787 //                         ::= Dv [<dimension expression>] _ <element type>
1788 // <extended element type> ::= <element type>
1789 //                         ::= p # AltiVec vector pixel
1790 
1791 template <class C>
1792 const char*
1793 parse_vector_type(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1794 {
1795     if (last - first > 3 && first[0] == 'D' && first[1] == 'v')
1796     {
1797         if ('1' <= first[2] && first[2] <= '9')
1798         {
1799             const char* t = parse_number(first+2, last);
1800             if (t == last || *t != '_')
1801                 return first;
1802             const char* num = first + 2;
1803             size_t sz = static_cast<size_t>(t - num);
1804             if (++t != last)
1805             {
1806                 if (*t != 'p')
1807                 {
1808                     const char* t1 = parse_type(t, last, db);
1809                     if (t1 != t)
1810                     {
1811                         if (db.names.empty())
1812                             return first;
1813                         db.names.back().first += " vector[" + typename C::String(num, sz) + "]";
1814                         first = t1;
1815                     }
1816                 }
1817                 else
1818                 {
1819                     ++t;
1820                     db.names.push_back("pixel vector[" + typename C::String(num, sz) + "]");
1821                     first = t;
1822                 }
1823             }
1824         }
1825         else
1826         {
1827             typename C::String num;
1828             const char* t1 = first+2;
1829             if (*t1 != '_')
1830             {
1831                 const char* t = parse_expression(t1, last, db);
1832                 if (t != t1)
1833                 {
1834                     if (db.names.empty())
1835                         return first;
1836                     num = db.names.back().move_full();
1837                     db.names.pop_back();
1838                     t1 = t;
1839                 }
1840             }
1841             if (t1 != last && *t1 == '_' && ++t1 != last)
1842             {
1843                 const char* t = parse_type(t1, last, db);
1844                 if (t != t1)
1845                 {
1846                     if (db.names.empty())
1847                         return first;
1848                     db.names.back().first += " vector[" + num + "]";
1849                     first = t;
1850                 }
1851             }
1852         }
1853     }
1854     return first;
1855 }
1856 
1857 // <type> ::= <builtin-type>
1858 //        ::= <function-type>
1859 //        ::= <class-enum-type>
1860 //        ::= <array-type>
1861 //        ::= <pointer-to-member-type>
1862 //        ::= <template-param>
1863 //        ::= <template-template-param> <template-args>
1864 //        ::= <decltype>
1865 //        ::= <substitution>
1866 //        ::= <CV-qualifiers> <type>
1867 //        ::= P <type>        # pointer-to
1868 //        ::= R <type>        # reference-to
1869 //        ::= O <type>        # rvalue reference-to (C++0x)
1870 //        ::= C <type>        # complex pair (C 2000)
1871 //        ::= G <type>        # imaginary (C 2000)
1872 //        ::= Dp <type>       # pack expansion (C++0x)
1873 //        ::= U <source-name> <type>  # vendor extended type qualifier
1874 // extension := U <objc-name> <objc-type>  # objc-type<identifier>
1875 // extension := <vector-type> # <vector-type> starts with Dv
1876 
1877 // <objc-name> ::= <k0 number> objcproto <k1 number> <identifier>  # k0 = 9 + <number of digits in k1> + k1
1878 // <objc-type> := <source-name>  # PU<11+>objcproto 11objc_object<source-name> 11objc_object -> id<source-name>
1879 
1880 template <class C>
1881 const char*
1882 parse_type(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
1883 {
1884     if (first != last)
1885     {
1886         switch (*first)
1887         {
1888             case 'r':
1889             case 'V':
1890             case 'K':
1891               {
1892                 unsigned cv = 0;
1893                 const char* t = parse_cv_qualifiers(first, last, cv);
1894                 if (t != first)
1895                 {
1896                     bool is_function = *t == 'F';
1897                     size_t k0 = db.names.size();
1898                     const char* t1 = parse_type(t, last, db);
1899                     size_t k1 = db.names.size();
1900                     if (t1 != t)
1901                     {
1902                         if (is_function)
1903                             db.subs.pop_back();
1904                         db.subs.emplace_back(db.names.get_allocator());
1905                         for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
1906                         {
1907                             if (is_function)
1908                             {
1909                                 size_t p = db.names[k].second.size();
1910                                 if (db.names[k].second[p-2] == '&')
1911                                     p -= 3;
1912                                 else if (db.names[k].second.back() == '&')
1913                                     p -= 2;
1914                                 if (cv & 1)
1915                                 {
1916                                     db.names[k].second.insert(p, " const");
1917                                     p += 6;
1918                                 }
1919                                 if (cv & 2)
1920                                 {
1921                                     db.names[k].second.insert(p, " volatile");
1922                                     p += 9;
1923                                 }
1924                                 if (cv & 4)
1925                                     db.names[k].second.insert(p, " restrict");
1926                             }
1927                             else
1928                             {
1929                                 if (cv & 1)
1930                                     db.names[k].first.append(" const");
1931                                 if (cv & 2)
1932                                     db.names[k].first.append(" volatile");
1933                                 if (cv & 4)
1934                                     db.names[k].first.append(" restrict");
1935                             }
1936                             db.subs.back().push_back(db.names[k]);
1937                         }
1938                         first = t1;
1939                     }
1940                 }
1941               }
1942                 break;
1943             default:
1944               {
1945                 const char* t = parse_builtin_type(first, last, db);
1946                 if (t != first)
1947                 {
1948                     first = t;
1949                 }
1950                 else
1951                 {
1952                     switch (*first)
1953                     {
1954                     case 'A':
1955                         t = parse_array_type(first, last, db);
1956                         if (t != first)
1957                         {
1958                             if (db.names.empty())
1959                                 return first;
1960                             first = t;
1961                             db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
1962                         }
1963                         break;
1964                     case 'C':
1965                         t = parse_type(first+1, last, db);
1966                         if (t != first+1)
1967                         {
1968                             if (db.names.empty())
1969                                 return first;
1970                             db.names.back().first.append(" complex");
1971                             first = t;
1972                             db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
1973                         }
1974                         break;
1975                     case 'F':
1976                         t = parse_function_type(first, last, db);
1977                         if (t != first)
1978                         {
1979                             if (db.names.empty())
1980                                 return first;
1981                             first = t;
1982                             db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
1983                         }
1984                         break;
1985                     case 'G':
1986                         t = parse_type(first+1, last, db);
1987                         if (t != first+1)
1988                         {
1989                             if (db.names.empty())
1990                                 return first;
1991                             db.names.back().first.append(" imaginary");
1992                             first = t;
1993                             db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
1994                         }
1995                         break;
1996                     case 'M':
1997                         t = parse_pointer_to_member_type(first, last, db);
1998                         if (t != first)
1999                         {
2000                             if (db.names.empty())
2001                                 return first;
2002                             first = t;
2003                             db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
2004                         }
2005                         break;
2006                     case 'O':
2007                       {
2008                         size_t k0 = db.names.size();
2009                         t = parse_type(first+1, last, db);
2010                         size_t k1 = db.names.size();
2011                         if (t != first+1)
2012                         {
2013                             db.subs.emplace_back(db.names.get_allocator());
2014                             for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
2015                             {
2016                                 if (db.names[k].second.substr(0, 2) == " [")
2017                                 {
2018                                     db.names[k].first += " (";
2019                                     db.names[k].second.insert(0, ")");
2020                                 }
2021                                 else if (db.names[k].second.front() == '(')
2022                                 {
2023                                     db.names[k].first += "(";
2024                                     db.names[k].second.insert(0, ")");
2025                                 }
2026                                 db.names[k].first.append("&&");
2027                                 db.subs.back().push_back(db.names[k]);
2028                             }
2029                             first = t;
2030                         }
2031                         break;
2032                       }
2033                     case 'P':
2034                       {
2035                         size_t k0 = db.names.size();
2036                         t = parse_type(first+1, last, db);
2037                         size_t k1 = db.names.size();
2038                         if (t != first+1)
2039                         {
2040                             db.subs.emplace_back(db.names.get_allocator());
2041                             for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
2042                             {
2043                                 if (db.names[k].second.substr(0, 2) == " [")
2044                                 {
2045                                     db.names[k].first += " (";
2046                                     db.names[k].second.insert(0, ")");
2047                                 }
2048                                 else if (db.names[k].second.front() == '(')
2049                                 {
2050                                     db.names[k].first += "(";
2051                                     db.names[k].second.insert(0, ")");
2052                                 }
2053                                 if (first[1] != 'U' || db.names[k].first.substr(0, 12) != "objc_object<")
2054                                 {
2055                                     db.names[k].first.append("*");
2056                                 }
2057                                 else
2058                                 {
2059                                     db.names[k].first.replace(0, 11, "id");
2060                                 }
2061                                 db.subs.back().push_back(db.names[k]);
2062                             }
2063                             first = t;
2064                         }
2065                         break;
2066                       }
2067                     case 'R':
2068                       {
2069                         size_t k0 = db.names.size();
2070                         t = parse_type(first+1, last, db);
2071                         size_t k1 = db.names.size();
2072                         if (t != first+1)
2073                         {
2074                             db.subs.emplace_back(db.names.get_allocator());
2075                             for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
2076                             {
2077                                 if (db.names[k].second.substr(0, 2) == " [")
2078                                 {
2079                                     db.names[k].first += " (";
2080                                     db.names[k].second.insert(0, ")");
2081                                 }
2082                                 else if (db.names[k].second.front() == '(')
2083                                 {
2084                                     db.names[k].first += "(";
2085                                     db.names[k].second.insert(0, ")");
2086                                 }
2087                                 db.names[k].first.append("&");
2088                                 db.subs.back().push_back(db.names[k]);
2089                             }
2090                             first = t;
2091                         }
2092                         break;
2093                       }
2094                     case 'T':
2095                       {
2096                         size_t k0 = db.names.size();
2097                         t = parse_template_param(first, last, db);
2098                         size_t k1 = db.names.size();
2099                         if (t != first)
2100                         {
2101                             db.subs.emplace_back(db.names.get_allocator());
2102                             for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
2103                                 db.subs.back().push_back(db.names[k]);
2104                             if (db.try_to_parse_template_args && k1 == k0+1)
2105                             {
2106                                 const char* t1 = parse_template_args(t, last, db);
2107                                 if (t1 != t)
2108                                 {
2109                                     auto args = db.names.back().move_full();
2110                                     db.names.pop_back();
2111                                     db.names.back().first += std::move(args);
2112                                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
2113                                     t = t1;
2114                                 }
2115                             }
2116                             first = t;
2117                         }
2118                         break;
2119                       }
2120                     case 'U':
2121                         if (first+1 != last)
2122                         {
2123                             t = parse_source_name(first+1, last, db);
2124                             if (t != first+1)
2125                             {
2126                                 const char* t2 = parse_type(t, last, db);
2127                                 if (t2 != t)
2128                                 {
2129                                     if (db.names.size() < 2)
2130                                         return first;
2131                                     auto type = db.names.back().move_full();
2132                                     db.names.pop_back();
2133                                     if (db.names.back().first.substr(0, 9) != "objcproto")
2134                                     {
2135                                         db.names.back() = type + " " + db.names.back().move_full();
2136                                     }
2137                                     else
2138                                     {
2139                                         auto proto = db.names.back().move_full();
2140                                         db.names.pop_back();
2141                                         t = parse_source_name(proto.data() + 9, proto.data() + proto.size(), db);
2142                                         if (t != proto.data() + 9)
2143                                         {
2144                                             db.names.back() = type + "<" + db.names.back().move_full() + ">";
2145                                         }
2146                                         else
2147                                         {
2148                                             db.names.push_back(type + " " + proto);
2149                                         }
2150                                     }
2151                                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
2152                                     first = t2;
2153                                 }
2154                             }
2155                         }
2156                         break;
2157                     case 'S':
2158                         if (first+1 != last && first[1] == 't')
2159                         {
2160                             t = parse_name(first, last, db);
2161                             if (t != first)
2162                             {
2163                                 if (db.names.empty())
2164                                     return first;
2165                                 db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
2166                                 first = t;
2167                             }
2168                         }
2169                         else
2170                         {
2171                             t = parse_substitution(first, last, db);
2172                             if (t != first)
2173                             {
2174                                 first = t;
2175                                 // Parsed a substitution.  If the substitution is a
2176                                 //  <template-param> it might be followed by <template-args>.
2177                                 t = parse_template_args(first, last, db);
2178                                 if (t != first)
2179                                 {
2180                                     if (db.names.size() < 2)
2181                                         return first;
2182                                     auto template_args = db.names.back().move_full();
2183                                     db.names.pop_back();
2184                                     db.names.back().first += template_args;
2185                                     // Need to create substitution for <template-template-param> <template-args>
2186                                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
2187                                     first = t;
2188                                 }
2189                             }
2190                         }
2191                         break;
2192                     case 'D':
2193                         if (first+1 != last)
2194                         {
2195                             switch (first[1])
2196                             {
2197                             case 'p':
2198                               {
2199                                 size_t k0 = db.names.size();
2200                                 t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
2201                                 size_t k1 = db.names.size();
2202                                 if (t != first+2)
2203                                 {
2204                                     db.subs.emplace_back(db.names.get_allocator());
2205                                     for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
2206                                         db.subs.back().push_back(db.names[k]);
2207                                     first = t;
2208                                     return first;
2209                                 }
2210                                 break;
2211                               }
2212                             case 't':
2213                             case 'T':
2214                                 t = parse_decltype(first, last, db);
2215                                 if (t != first)
2216                                 {
2217                                     if (db.names.empty())
2218                                         return first;
2219                                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
2220                                     first = t;
2221                                     return first;
2222                                 }
2223                                 break;
2224                             case 'v':
2225                                 t = parse_vector_type(first, last, db);
2226                                 if (t != first)
2227                                 {
2228                                     if (db.names.empty())
2229                                         return first;
2230                                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
2231                                     first = t;
2232                                     return first;
2233                                 }
2234                                 break;
2235                             }
2236                         }
2237                         // drop through
2238                     default:
2239                         // must check for builtin-types before class-enum-types to avoid
2240                         // ambiguities with operator-names
2241                         t = parse_builtin_type(first, last, db);
2242                         if (t != first)
2243                         {
2244                             first = t;
2245                         }
2246                         else
2247                         {
2248                             t = parse_name(first, last, db);
2249                             if (t != first)
2250                             {
2251                                 if (db.names.empty())
2252                                     return first;
2253                                 db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
2254                                 first = t;
2255                             }
2256                         }
2257                         break;
2258                     }
2259               }
2260                 break;
2261             }
2262         }
2263     }
2264     return first;
2265 }
2266 
2267 //   <operator-name>
2268 //                   ::= aa    # &&
2269 //                   ::= ad    # & (unary)
2270 //                   ::= an    # &
2271 //                   ::= aN    # &=
2272 //                   ::= aS    # =
2273 //                   ::= cl    # ()
2274 //                   ::= cm    # ,
2275 //                   ::= co    # ~
2276 //                   ::= cv <type>    # (cast)
2277 //                   ::= da    # delete[]
2278 //                   ::= de    # * (unary)
2279 //                   ::= dl    # delete
2280 //                   ::= dv    # /
2281 //                   ::= dV    # /=
2282 //                   ::= eo    # ^
2283 //                   ::= eO    # ^=
2284 //                   ::= eq    # ==
2285 //                   ::= ge    # >=
2286 //                   ::= gt    # >
2287 //                   ::= ix    # []
2288 //                   ::= le    # <=
2289 //                   ::= li <source-name>  # operator ""
2290 //                   ::= ls    # <<
2291 //                   ::= lS    # <<=
2292 //                   ::= lt    # <
2293 //                   ::= mi    # -
2294 //                   ::= mI    # -=
2295 //                   ::= ml    # *
2296 //                   ::= mL    # *=
2297 //                   ::= mm    # -- (postfix in <expression> context)
2298 //                   ::= na    # new[]
2299 //                   ::= ne    # !=
2300 //                   ::= ng    # - (unary)
2301 //                   ::= nt    # !
2302 //                   ::= nw    # new
2303 //                   ::= oo    # ||
2304 //                   ::= or    # |
2305 //                   ::= oR    # |=
2306 //                   ::= pm    # ->*
2307 //                   ::= pl    # +
2308 //                   ::= pL    # +=
2309 //                   ::= pp    # ++ (postfix in <expression> context)
2310 //                   ::= ps    # + (unary)
2311 //                   ::= pt    # ->
2312 //                   ::= qu    # ?
2313 //                   ::= rm    # %
2314 //                   ::= rM    # %=
2315 //                   ::= rs    # >>
2316 //                   ::= rS    # >>=
2317 //                   ::= v <digit> <source-name>        # vendor extended operator
2318 
2319 template <class C>
2320 const char*
2321 parse_operator_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
2322 {
2323     if (last - first >= 2)
2324     {
2325         switch (first[0])
2326         {
2327         case 'a':
2328             switch (first[1])
2329             {
2330             case 'a':
2331                 db.names.push_back("operator&&");
2332                 first += 2;
2333                 break;
2334             case 'd':
2335             case 'n':
2336                 db.names.push_back("operator&");
2337                 first += 2;
2338                 break;
2339             case 'N':
2340                 db.names.push_back("operator&=");
2341                 first += 2;
2342                 break;
2343             case 'S':
2344                 db.names.push_back("operator=");
2345                 first += 2;
2346                 break;
2347             }
2348             break;
2349         case 'c':
2350             switch (first[1])
2351             {
2352             case 'l':
2353                 db.names.push_back("operator()");
2354                 first += 2;
2355                 break;
2356             case 'm':
2357                 db.names.push_back("operator,");
2358                 first += 2;
2359                 break;
2360             case 'o':
2361                 db.names.push_back("operator~");
2362                 first += 2;
2363                 break;
2364             case 'v':
2365                 {
2366                     bool try_to_parse_template_args = db.try_to_parse_template_args;
2367                     db.try_to_parse_template_args = false;
2368                     const char* t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
2369                     db.try_to_parse_template_args = try_to_parse_template_args;
2370                     if (t != first+2)
2371                     {
2372                         if (db.names.empty())
2373                             return first;
2374                         db.names.back().first.insert(0, "operator ");
2375                         db.parsed_ctor_dtor_cv = true;
2376                         first = t;
2377                     }
2378                 }
2379                 break;
2380             }
2381             break;
2382         case 'd':
2383             switch (first[1])
2384             {
2385             case 'a':
2386                 db.names.push_back("operator delete[]");
2387                 first += 2;
2388                 break;
2389             case 'e':
2390                 db.names.push_back("operator*");
2391                 first += 2;
2392                 break;
2393             case 'l':
2394                 db.names.push_back("operator delete");
2395                 first += 2;
2396                 break;
2397             case 'v':
2398                 db.names.push_back("operator/");
2399                 first += 2;
2400                 break;
2401             case 'V':
2402                 db.names.push_back("operator/=");
2403                 first += 2;
2404                 break;
2405             }
2406             break;
2407         case 'e':
2408             switch (first[1])
2409             {
2410             case 'o':
2411                 db.names.push_back("operator^");
2412                 first += 2;
2413                 break;
2414             case 'O':
2415                 db.names.push_back("operator^=");
2416                 first += 2;
2417                 break;
2418             case 'q':
2419                 db.names.push_back("operator==");
2420                 first += 2;
2421                 break;
2422             }
2423             break;
2424         case 'g':
2425             switch (first[1])
2426             {
2427             case 'e':
2428                 db.names.push_back("operator>=");
2429                 first += 2;
2430                 break;
2431             case 't':
2432                 db.names.push_back("operator>");
2433                 first += 2;
2434                 break;
2435             }
2436             break;
2437         case 'i':
2438             if (first[1] == 'x')
2439             {
2440                 db.names.push_back("operator[]");
2441                 first += 2;
2442             }
2443             break;
2444         case 'l':
2445             switch (first[1])
2446             {
2447             case 'e':
2448                 db.names.push_back("operator<=");
2449                 first += 2;
2450                 break;
2451             case 'i':
2452                 {
2453                     const char* t = parse_source_name(first+2, last, db);
2454                     if (t != first+2)
2455                     {
2456                         if (db.names.empty())
2457                             return first;
2458                         db.names.back().first.insert(0, "operator\"\" ");
2459                         first = t;
2460                     }
2461                 }
2462                 break;
2463             case 's':
2464                 db.names.push_back("operator<<");
2465                 first += 2;
2466                 break;
2467             case 'S':
2468                 db.names.push_back("operator<<=");
2469                 first += 2;
2470                 break;
2471             case 't':
2472                 db.names.push_back("operator<");
2473                 first += 2;
2474                 break;
2475             }
2476             break;
2477         case 'm':
2478             switch (first[1])
2479             {
2480             case 'i':
2481                 db.names.push_back("operator-");
2482                 first += 2;
2483                 break;
2484             case 'I':
2485                 db.names.push_back("operator-=");
2486                 first += 2;
2487                 break;
2488             case 'l':
2489                 db.names.push_back("operator*");
2490                 first += 2;
2491                 break;
2492             case 'L':
2493                 db.names.push_back("operator*=");
2494                 first += 2;
2495                 break;
2496             case 'm':
2497                 db.names.push_back("operator--");
2498                 first += 2;
2499                 break;
2500             }
2501             break;
2502         case 'n':
2503             switch (first[1])
2504             {
2505             case 'a':
2506                 db.names.push_back("operator new[]");
2507                 first += 2;
2508                 break;
2509             case 'e':
2510                 db.names.push_back("operator!=");
2511                 first += 2;
2512                 break;
2513             case 'g':
2514                 db.names.push_back("operator-");
2515                 first += 2;
2516                 break;
2517             case 't':
2518                 db.names.push_back("operator!");
2519                 first += 2;
2520                 break;
2521             case 'w':
2522                 db.names.push_back("operator new");
2523                 first += 2;
2524                 break;
2525             }
2526             break;
2527         case 'o':
2528             switch (first[1])
2529             {
2530             case 'o':
2531                 db.names.push_back("operator||");
2532                 first += 2;
2533                 break;
2534             case 'r':
2535                 db.names.push_back("operator|");
2536                 first += 2;
2537                 break;
2538             case 'R':
2539                 db.names.push_back("operator|=");
2540                 first += 2;
2541                 break;
2542             }
2543             break;
2544         case 'p':
2545             switch (first[1])
2546             {
2547             case 'm':
2548                 db.names.push_back("operator->*");
2549                 first += 2;
2550                 break;
2551             case 'l':
2552                 db.names.push_back("operator+");
2553                 first += 2;
2554                 break;
2555             case 'L':
2556                 db.names.push_back("operator+=");
2557                 first += 2;
2558                 break;
2559             case 'p':
2560                 db.names.push_back("operator++");
2561                 first += 2;
2562                 break;
2563             case 's':
2564                 db.names.push_back("operator+");
2565                 first += 2;
2566                 break;
2567             case 't':
2568                 db.names.push_back("operator->");
2569                 first += 2;
2570                 break;
2571             }
2572             break;
2573         case 'q':
2574             if (first[1] == 'u')
2575             {
2576                 db.names.push_back("operator?");
2577                 first += 2;
2578             }
2579             break;
2580         case 'r':
2581             switch (first[1])
2582             {
2583             case 'm':
2584                 db.names.push_back("operator%");
2585                 first += 2;
2586                 break;
2587             case 'M':
2588                 db.names.push_back("operator%=");
2589                 first += 2;
2590                 break;
2591             case 's':
2592                 db.names.push_back("operator>>");
2593                 first += 2;
2594                 break;
2595             case 'S':
2596                 db.names.push_back("operator>>=");
2597                 first += 2;
2598                 break;
2599             }
2600             break;
2601         case 'v':
2602             if (std::isdigit(first[1]))
2603             {
2604                 const char* t = parse_source_name(first+2, last, db);
2605                 if (t != first+2)
2606                 {
2607                     if (db.names.empty())
2608                         return first;
2609                     db.names.back().first.insert(0, "operator ");
2610                     first = t;
2611                 }
2612             }
2613             break;
2614         }
2615     }
2616     return first;
2617 }
2618 
2619 template <class C>
2620 const char*
2621 parse_integer_literal(const char* first, const char* last, const typename C::String& lit, C& db)
2622 {
2623     const char* t = parse_number(first, last);
2624     if (t != first && t != last && *t == 'E')
2625     {
2626         if (lit.size() > 3)
2627             db.names.push_back("(" + lit + ")");
2628         else
2629             db.names.emplace_back();
2630         if (*first == 'n')
2631         {
2632             db.names.back().first += '-';
2633             ++first;
2634         }
2635         db.names.back().first.append(first, t);
2636         if (lit.size() <= 3)
2637             db.names.back().first += lit;
2638         first = t+1;
2639     }
2640     return first;
2641 }
2642 
2643 // <expr-primary> ::= L <type> <value number> E                          # integer literal
2644 //                ::= L <type> <value float> E                           # floating literal
2645 //                ::= L <string type> E                                  # string literal
2646 //                ::= L <nullptr type> E                                 # nullptr literal (i.e., "LDnE")
2647 //                ::= L <type> <real-part float> _ <imag-part float> E   # complex floating point literal (C 2000)
2648 //                ::= L <mangled-name> E                                 # external name
2649 
2650 template <class C>
2651 const char*
2652 parse_expr_primary(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
2653 {
2654     if (last - first >= 4 && *first == 'L')
2655     {
2656         switch (first[1])
2657         {
2658         case 'w':
2659             {
2660             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "wchar_t", db);
2661             if (t != first+2)
2662                 first = t;
2663             }
2664             break;
2665         case 'b':
2666             if (first[3] == 'E')
2667             {
2668                 switch (first[2])
2669                 {
2670                 case '0':
2671                     db.names.push_back("false");
2672                     first += 4;
2673                     break;
2674                 case '1':
2675                     db.names.push_back("true");
2676                     first += 4;
2677                     break;
2678                 }
2679             }
2680             break;
2681         case 'c':
2682             {
2683             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "char", db);
2684             if (t != first+2)
2685                 first = t;
2686             }
2687             break;
2688         case 'a':
2689             {
2690             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "signed char", db);
2691             if (t != first+2)
2692                 first = t;
2693             }
2694             break;
2695         case 'h':
2696             {
2697             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "unsigned char", db);
2698             if (t != first+2)
2699                 first = t;
2700             }
2701             break;
2702         case 's':
2703             {
2704             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "short", db);
2705             if (t != first+2)
2706                 first = t;
2707             }
2708             break;
2709         case 't':
2710             {
2711             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "unsigned short", db);
2712             if (t != first+2)
2713                 first = t;
2714             }
2715             break;
2716         case 'i':
2717             {
2718             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "", db);
2719             if (t != first+2)
2720                 first = t;
2721             }
2722             break;
2723         case 'j':
2724             {
2725             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "u", db);
2726             if (t != first+2)
2727                 first = t;
2728             }
2729             break;
2730         case 'l':
2731             {
2732             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "l", db);
2733             if (t != first+2)
2734                 first = t;
2735             }
2736             break;
2737         case 'm':
2738             {
2739             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "ul", db);
2740             if (t != first+2)
2741                 first = t;
2742             }
2743             break;
2744         case 'x':
2745             {
2746             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "ll", db);
2747             if (t != first+2)
2748                 first = t;
2749             }
2750             break;
2751         case 'y':
2752             {
2753             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "ull", db);
2754             if (t != first+2)
2755                 first = t;
2756             }
2757             break;
2758         case 'n':
2759             {
2760             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "__int128", db);
2761             if (t != first+2)
2762                 first = t;
2763             }
2764             break;
2765         case 'o':
2766             {
2767             const char* t = parse_integer_literal(first+2, last, "unsigned __int128", db);
2768             if (t != first+2)
2769                 first = t;
2770             }
2771             break;
2772         case 'f':
2773             {
2774             const char* t = parse_floating_number<float>(first+2, last, db);
2775             if (t != first+2)
2776                 first = t;
2777             }
2778             break;
2779         case 'd':
2780             {
2781             const char* t = parse_floating_number<double>(first+2, last, db);
2782             if (t != first+2)
2783                 first = t;
2784             }
2785             break;
2786          case 'e':
2787             {
2788             const char* t = parse_floating_number<long double>(first+2, last, db);
2789             if (t != first+2)
2790                 first = t;
2791             }
2792             break;
2793         case '_':
2794             if (first[2] == 'Z')
2795             {
2796                 const char* t = parse_encoding(first+3, last, db);
2797                 if (t != first+3 && t != last && *t == 'E')
2798                     first = t+1;
2799             }
2800             break;
2801         case 'T':
2802             // Invalid mangled name per
2803             //   http://sourcerytools.com/pipermail/cxx-abi-dev/2011-August/002422.html
2804             break;
2805         default:
2806             {
2807                 // might be named type
2808                 const char* t = parse_type(first+1, last, db);
2809                 if (t != first+1 && t != last)
2810                 {
2811                     if (*t != 'E')
2812                     {
2813                         const char* n = t;
2814                         for (; n != last && isdigit(*n); ++n)
2815                             ;
2816                         if (n != t && n != last && *n == 'E')
2817                         {
2818                             if (db.names.empty())
2819                                 return first;
2820                             db.names.back() = "(" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")" + typename C::String(t, n);
2821                             first = n+1;
2822                             break;
2823                         }
2824                     }
2825                     else
2826                     {
2827                         first = t+1;
2828                         break;
2829                     }
2830                 }
2831             }
2832         }
2833     }
2834     return first;
2835 }
2836 
2837 template <class String>
2838 String
2839 base_name(String& s)
2840 {
2841     if (s.empty())
2842         return s;
2843     if (s == "std::string")
2844     {
2845         s = "std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >";
2846         return "basic_string";
2847     }
2848     if (s == "std::istream")
2849     {
2850         s = "std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >";
2851         return "basic_istream";
2852     }
2853     if (s == "std::ostream")
2854     {
2855         s = "std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >";
2856         return "basic_ostream";
2857     }
2858     if (s == "std::iostream")
2859     {
2860         s = "std::basic_iostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >";
2861         return "basic_iostream";
2862     }
2863     const char* const pf = s.data();
2864     const char* pe = pf + s.size();
2865     if (pe[-1] == '>')
2866     {
2867         unsigned c = 1;
2868         while (true)
2869         {
2870             if (--pe == pf)
2871                 return String();
2872             if (pe[-1] == '<')
2873             {
2874                 if (--c == 0)
2875                 {
2876                     --pe;
2877                     break;
2878                 }
2879             }
2880             else if (pe[-1] == '>')
2881                 ++c;
2882         }
2883     }
2884     const char* p0 = pe - 1;
2885     for (; p0 != pf; --p0)
2886     {
2887         if (*p0 == ':')
2888         {
2889             ++p0;
2890             break;
2891         }
2892     }
2893     return String(p0, pe);
2894 }
2895 
2896 // <ctor-dtor-name> ::= C1    # complete object constructor
2897 //                  ::= C2    # base object constructor
2898 //                  ::= C3    # complete object allocating constructor
2899 //   extension      ::= C5    # ?
2900 //                  ::= D0    # deleting destructor
2901 //                  ::= D1    # complete object destructor
2902 //                  ::= D2    # base object destructor
2903 //   extension      ::= D5    # ?
2904 
2905 template <class C>
2906 const char*
2907 parse_ctor_dtor_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
2908 {
2909     if (last-first >= 2 && !db.names.empty())
2910     {
2911         switch (first[0])
2912         {
2913         case 'C':
2914             switch (first[1])
2915             {
2916             case '1':
2917             case '2':
2918             case '3':
2919             case '5':
2920                 if (db.names.empty())
2921                     return first;
2922                 db.names.push_back(base_name(db.names.back().first));
2923                 first += 2;
2924                 db.parsed_ctor_dtor_cv = true;
2925                 break;
2926             }
2927             break;
2928         case 'D':
2929             switch (first[1])
2930             {
2931             case '0':
2932             case '1':
2933             case '2':
2934             case '5':
2935                 if (db.names.empty())
2936                     return first;
2937                 db.names.push_back("~" + base_name(db.names.back().first));
2938                 first += 2;
2939                 db.parsed_ctor_dtor_cv = true;
2940                 break;
2941             }
2942             break;
2943         }
2944     }
2945     return first;
2946 }
2947 
2948 // <unnamed-type-name> ::= Ut [ <nonnegative number> ] _
2949 //                     ::= <closure-type-name>
2950 //
2951 // <closure-type-name> ::= Ul <lambda-sig> E [ <nonnegative number> ] _
2952 //
2953 // <lambda-sig> ::= <parameter type>+  # Parameter types or "v" if the lambda has no parameters
2954 
2955 template <class C>
2956 const char*
2957 parse_unnamed_type_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
2958 {
2959     if (last - first > 2 && first[0] == 'U')
2960     {
2961         char type = first[1];
2962         switch (type)
2963         {
2964         case 't':
2965           {
2966             db.names.push_back(typename C::String("'unnamed"));
2967             const char* t0 = first+2;
2968             if (t0 == last)
2969             {
2970                 db.names.pop_back();
2971                 return first;
2972             }
2973             if (std::isdigit(*t0))
2974             {
2975                 const char* t1 = t0 + 1;
2976                 while (t1 != last && std::isdigit(*t1))
2977                     ++t1;
2978                 db.names.back().first.append(t0, t1);
2979                 t0 = t1;
2980             }
2981             db.names.back().first.push_back('\'');
2982             if (t0 == last || *t0 != '_')
2983             {
2984                 db.names.pop_back();
2985                 return first;
2986             }
2987             first = t0 + 1;
2988           }
2989             break;
2990         case 'l':
2991           {
2992             db.names.push_back(typename C::String("'lambda'("));
2993             const char* t0 = first+2;
2994             if (first[2] == 'v')
2995             {
2996                 db.names.back().first += ')';
2997                 ++t0;
2998             }
2999             else
3000             {
3001                 const char* t1 = parse_type(t0, last, db);
3002                 if (t1 == t0)
3003                 {
3004                     db.names.pop_back();
3005                     return first;
3006                 }
3007                 if (db.names.size() < 2)
3008                     return first;
3009                 auto tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
3010                 db.names.pop_back();
3011                 db.names.back().first.append(tmp);
3012                 t0 = t1;
3013                 while (true)
3014                 {
3015                     t1 = parse_type(t0, last, db);
3016                     if (t1 == t0)
3017                         break;
3018                     if (db.names.size() < 2)
3019                         return first;
3020                     tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
3021                     db.names.pop_back();
3022                     if (!tmp.empty())
3023                     {
3024                         db.names.back().first.append(", ");
3025                         db.names.back().first.append(tmp);
3026                     }
3027                     t0 = t1;
3028                 }
3029                 db.names.back().first.append(")");
3030             }
3031             if (t0 == last || *t0 != 'E')
3032             {
3033                 db.names.pop_back();
3034                 return first;
3035             }
3036             ++t0;
3037             if (t0 == last)
3038             {
3039                 db.names.pop_back();
3040                 return first;
3041             }
3042             if (std::isdigit(*t0))
3043             {
3044                 const char* t1 = t0 + 1;
3045                 while (t1 != last && std::isdigit(*t1))
3046                     ++t1;
3047                 db.names.back().first.insert(db.names.back().first.begin()+7, t0, t1);
3048                 t0 = t1;
3049             }
3050             if (t0 == last || *t0 != '_')
3051             {
3052                 db.names.pop_back();
3053                 return first;
3054             }
3055             first = t0 + 1;
3056           }
3057             break;
3058         }
3059     }
3060     return first;
3061 }
3062 
3063 // <unqualified-name> ::= <operator-name>
3064 //                    ::= <ctor-dtor-name>
3065 //                    ::= <source-name>
3066 //                    ::= <unnamed-type-name>
3067 
3068 template <class C>
3069 const char*
3070 parse_unqualified_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
3071 {
3072     if (first != last)
3073     {
3074         const char* t;
3075         switch (*first)
3076         {
3077         case 'C':
3078         case 'D':
3079             t = parse_ctor_dtor_name(first, last, db);
3080             if (t != first)
3081                 first = t;
3082             break;
3083         case 'U':
3084             t = parse_unnamed_type_name(first, last, db);
3085             if (t != first)
3086                 first = t;
3087             break;
3088         case '1':
3089         case '2':
3090         case '3':
3091         case '4':
3092         case '5':
3093         case '6':
3094         case '7':
3095         case '8':
3096         case '9':
3097             t = parse_source_name(first, last, db);
3098             if (t != first)
3099                 first = t;
3100             break;
3101         default:
3102             t = parse_operator_name(first, last, db);
3103             if (t != first)
3104                 first = t;
3105             break;
3106         };
3107     }
3108     return first;
3109 }
3110 
3111 // <unscoped-name> ::= <unqualified-name>
3112 //                 ::= St <unqualified-name>   # ::std::
3113 // extension       ::= StL<unqualified-name>
3114 
3115 template <class C>
3116 const char*
3117 parse_unscoped_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
3118 {
3119     if (last - first >= 2)
3120     {
3121         const char* t0 = first;
3122         bool St = false;
3123         if (first[0] == 'S' && first[1] == 't')
3124         {
3125             t0 += 2;
3126             St = true;
3127             if (t0 != last && *t0 == 'L')
3128                 ++t0;
3129         }
3130         const char* t1 = parse_unqualified_name(t0, last, db);
3131         if (t1 != t0)
3132         {
3133             if (St)
3134             {
3135                 if (db.names.empty())
3136                     return first;
3137                 db.names.back().first.insert(0, "std::");
3138             }
3139             first = t1;
3140         }
3141     }
3142     return first;
3143 }
3144 
3145 // at <type>                                            # alignof (a type)
3146 
3147 template <class C>
3148 const char*
3149 parse_alignof_type(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
3150 {
3151     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 'a' && first[1] == 't')
3152     {
3153         const char* t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
3154         if (t != first+2)
3155         {
3156             if (db.names.empty())
3157                 return first;
3158             db.names.back().first = "alignof (" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")";
3159             first = t;
3160         }
3161     }
3162     return first;
3163 }
3164 
3165 // az <expression>                                            # alignof (a expression)
3166 
3167 template <class C>
3168 const char*
3169 parse_alignof_expr(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
3170 {
3171     if (last - first >= 3 && first[0] == 'a' && first[1] == 'z')
3172     {
3173         const char* t = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
3174         if (t != first+2)
3175         {
3176             if (db.names.empty())
3177                 return first;
3178             db.names.back().first = "alignof (" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")";
3179             first = t;
3180         }
3181     }
3182     return first;
3183 }
3184 
3185 template <class C>
3186 const char*
3187 parse_noexcept_expression(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
3188 {
3189     const char* t1 = parse_expression(first, last, db);
3190     if (t1 != first)
3191     {
3192         if (db.names.empty())
3193             return first;
3194         db.names.back().first =  "noexcept (" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")";
3195         first = t1;
3196     }
3197     return first;
3198 }
3199 
3200 template <class C>
3201 const char*
3202 parse_prefix_expression(const char* first, const char* last, const typename C::String& op, C& db)
3203 {
3204     const char* t1 = parse_expression(first, last, db);
3205     if (t1 != first)
3206     {
3207         if (db.names.empty())
3208             return first;
3209         db.names.back().first =  op + "(" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")";
3210         first = t1;
3211     }
3212     return first;
3213 }
3214 
3215 template <class C>
3216 const char*
3217 parse_binary_expression(const char* first, const char* last, const typename C::String& op, C& db)
3218 {
3219     const char* t1 = parse_expression(first, last, db);
3220     if (t1 != first)
3221     {
3222         const char* t2 = parse_expression(t1, last, db);
3223         if (t2 != t1)
3224         {
3225             if (db.names.size() < 2)
3226                 return first;
3227             auto op2 = db.names.back().move_full();
3228             db.names.pop_back();
3229             auto op1 = db.names.back().move_full();
3230             auto& nm = db.names.back().first;
3231             nm.clear();
3232             if (op == ">")
3233                 nm += '(';
3234             nm += "(" + op1 + ") " + op + " (" + op2 + ")";
3235             if (op == ">")
3236                 nm += ')';
3237             first = t2;
3238         }
3239         else
3240             db.names.pop_back();
3241     }
3242     return first;
3243 }
3244 
3245 // <expression> ::= <unary operator-name> <expression>
3246 //              ::= <binary operator-name> <expression> <expression>
3247 //              ::= <ternary operator-name> <expression> <expression> <expression>
3248 //              ::= cl <expression>+ E                                   # call
3249 //              ::= cv <type> <expression>                               # conversion with one argument
3250 //              ::= cv <type> _ <expression>* E                          # conversion with a different number of arguments
3251 //              ::= [gs] nw <expression>* _ <type> E                     # new (expr-list) type
3252 //              ::= [gs] nw <expression>* _ <type> <initializer>         # new (expr-list) type (init)
3253 //              ::= [gs] na <expression>* _ <type> E                     # new[] (expr-list) type
3254 //              ::= [gs] na <expression>* _ <type> <initializer>         # new[] (expr-list) type (init)
3255 //              ::= [gs] dl <expression>                                 # delete expression
3256 //              ::= [gs] da <expression>                                 # delete[] expression
3257 //              ::= pp_ <expression>                                     # prefix ++
3258 //              ::= mm_ <expression>                                     # prefix --
3259 //              ::= ti <type>                                            # typeid (type)
3260 //              ::= te <expression>                                      # typeid (expression)
3261 //              ::= dc <type> <expression>                               # dynamic_cast<type> (expression)
3262 //              ::= sc <type> <expression>                               # static_cast<type> (expression)
3263 //              ::= cc <type> <expression>                               # const_cast<type> (expression)
3264 //              ::= rc <type> <expression>                               # reinterpret_cast<type> (expression)
3265 //              ::= st <type>                                            # sizeof (a type)
3266 //              ::= sz <expression>                                      # sizeof (an expression)
3267 //              ::= at <type>                                            # alignof (a type)
3268 //              ::= az <expression>                                      # alignof (an expression)
3269 //              ::= nx <expression>                                      # noexcept (expression)
3270 //              ::= <template-param>
3271 //              ::= <function-param>
3272 //              ::= dt <expression> <unresolved-name>                    # expr.name
3273 //              ::= pt <expression> <unresolved-name>                    # expr->name
3274 //              ::= ds <expression> <expression>                         # expr.*expr
3275 //              ::= sZ <template-param>                                  # size of a parameter pack
3276 //              ::= sZ <function-param>                                  # size of a function parameter pack
3277 //              ::= sp <expression>                                      # pack expansion
3278 //              ::= tw <expression>                                      # throw expression
3279 //              ::= tr                                                   # throw with no operand (rethrow)
3280 //              ::= <unresolved-name>                                    # f(p), N::f(p), ::f(p),
3281 //                                                                       # freestanding dependent name (e.g., T::x),
3282 //                                                                       # objectless nonstatic member reference
3283 //              ::= <expr-primary>
3284 
3285 template <class C>
3286 const char*
3287 parse_expression(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
3288 {
3289     if (last - first >= 2)
3290     {
3291         const char* t = first;
3292         bool parsed_gs = false;
3293         if (last - first >= 4 && t[0] == 'g' && t[1] == 's')
3294         {
3295             t += 2;
3296             parsed_gs = true;
3297         }
3298         switch (*t)
3299         {
3300         case 'L':
3301             first = parse_expr_primary(first, last, db);
3302             break;
3303         case 'T':
3304             first = parse_template_param(first, last, db);
3305             break;
3306         case 'f':
3307             first = parse_function_param(first, last, db);
3308             break;
3309         case 'a':
3310             switch (t[1])
3311             {
3312             case 'a':
3313                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "&&", db);
3314                 if (t != first+2)
3315                     first = t;
3316                 break;
3317             case 'd':
3318                 t = parse_prefix_expression(first+2, last, "&", db);
3319                 if (t != first+2)
3320                     first = t;
3321                 break;
3322             case 'n':
3323                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "&", db);
3324                 if (t != first+2)
3325                     first = t;
3326                 break;
3327             case 'N':
3328                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "&=", db);
3329                 if (t != first+2)
3330                     first = t;
3331                 break;
3332             case 'S':
3333                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "=", db);
3334                 if (t != first+2)
3335                     first = t;
3336                 break;
3337             case 't':
3338                 first = parse_alignof_type(first, last, db);
3339                 break;
3340             case 'z':
3341                 first = parse_alignof_expr(first, last, db);
3342                 break;
3343             }
3344             break;
3345         case 'c':
3346             switch (t[1])
3347             {
3348             case 'c':
3349                 first = parse_const_cast_expr(first, last, db);
3350                 break;
3351             case 'l':
3352                 first = parse_call_expr(first, last, db);
3353                 break;
3354             case 'm':
3355                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, ",", db);
3356                 if (t != first+2)
3357                     first = t;
3358                 break;
3359             case 'o':
3360                 t = parse_prefix_expression(first+2, last, "~", db);
3361                 if (t != first+2)
3362                     first = t;
3363                 break;
3364             case 'v':
3365                 first = parse_conversion_expr(first, last, db);
3366                 break;
3367             }
3368             break;
3369         case 'd':
3370             switch (t[1])
3371             {
3372             case 'a':
3373                 {
3374                     const char* t1 = parse_expression(t+2, last, db);
3375                     if (t1 != t+2)
3376                     {
3377                         if (db.names.empty())
3378                             return first;
3379                         db.names.back().first = (parsed_gs ? typename C::String("::") : typename C::String()) +
3380                                           "delete[] " + db.names.back().move_full();
3381                         first = t1;
3382                     }
3383                 }
3384                 break;
3385             case 'c':
3386                 first = parse_dynamic_cast_expr(first, last, db);
3387                 break;
3388             case 'e':
3389                 t = parse_prefix_expression(first+2, last, "*", db);
3390                 if (t != first+2)
3391                     first = t;
3392                 break;
3393             case 'l':
3394                 {
3395                     const char* t1 = parse_expression(t+2, last, db);
3396                     if (t1 != t+2)
3397                     {
3398                         if (db.names.empty())
3399                             return first;
3400                         db.names.back().first = (parsed_gs ? typename C::String("::") : typename C::String()) +
3401                                           "delete " + db.names.back().move_full();
3402                         first = t1;
3403                     }
3404                 }
3405                 break;
3406             case 'n':
3407                 return parse_unresolved_name(first, last, db);
3408             case 's':
3409                 first = parse_dot_star_expr(first, last, db);
3410                 break;
3411             case 't':
3412                 first = parse_dot_expr(first, last, db);
3413                 break;
3414             case 'v':
3415                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "/", db);
3416                 if (t != first+2)
3417                     first = t;
3418                 break;
3419             case 'V':
3420                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "/=", db);
3421                 if (t != first+2)
3422                     first = t;
3423                 break;
3424             }
3425             break;
3426         case 'e':
3427             switch (t[1])
3428             {
3429             case 'o':
3430                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "^", db);
3431                 if (t != first+2)
3432                     first = t;
3433                 break;
3434             case 'O':
3435                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "^=", db);
3436                 if (t != first+2)
3437                     first = t;
3438                 break;
3439             case 'q':
3440                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "==", db);
3441                 if (t != first+2)
3442                     first = t;
3443                 break;
3444             }
3445             break;
3446         case 'g':
3447             switch (t[1])
3448             {
3449             case 'e':
3450                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, ">=", db);
3451                 if (t != first+2)
3452                     first = t;
3453                 break;
3454             case 't':
3455                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, ">", db);
3456                 if (t != first+2)
3457                     first = t;
3458                 break;
3459             }
3460             break;
3461         case 'i':
3462             if (t[1] == 'x')
3463             {
3464                 const char* t1 = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
3465                 if (t1 != first+2)
3466                 {
3467                     const char* t2 = parse_expression(t1, last, db);
3468                     if (t2 != t1)
3469                     {
3470                         if (db.names.size() < 2)
3471                             return first;
3472                         auto op2 = db.names.back().move_full();
3473                         db.names.pop_back();
3474                         auto op1 = db.names.back().move_full();
3475                         db.names.back() = "(" + op1 + ")[" + op2 + "]";
3476                         first = t2;
3477                     }
3478                     else
3479                         db.names.pop_back();
3480                 }
3481             }
3482             break;
3483         case 'l':
3484             switch (t[1])
3485             {
3486             case 'e':
3487                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "<=", db);
3488                 if (t != first+2)
3489                     first = t;
3490                 break;
3491             case 's':
3492                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "<<", db);
3493                 if (t != first+2)
3494                     first = t;
3495                 break;
3496             case 'S':
3497                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "<<=", db);
3498                 if (t != first+2)
3499                     first = t;
3500                 break;
3501             case 't':
3502                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "<", db);
3503                 if (t != first+2)
3504                     first = t;
3505                 break;
3506             }
3507             break;
3508         case 'm':
3509             switch (t[1])
3510             {
3511             case 'i':
3512                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "-", db);
3513                 if (t != first+2)
3514                     first = t;
3515                 break;
3516             case 'I':
3517                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "-=", db);
3518                 if (t != first+2)
3519                     first = t;
3520                 break;
3521             case 'l':
3522                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "*", db);
3523                 if (t != first+2)
3524                     first = t;
3525                 break;
3526             case 'L':
3527                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "*=", db);
3528                 if (t != first+2)
3529                     first = t;
3530                 break;
3531             case 'm':
3532                 if (first+2 != last && first[2] == '_')
3533                 {
3534                     t = parse_prefix_expression(first+3, last, "--", db);
3535                     if (t != first+3)
3536                         first = t;
3537                 }
3538                 else
3539                 {
3540                     const char* t1 = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
3541                     if (t1 != first+2)
3542                     {
3543                         if (db.names.empty())
3544                             return first;
3545                         db.names.back() = "(" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")--";
3546                         first = t1;
3547                     }
3548                 }
3549                 break;
3550             }
3551             break;
3552         case 'n':
3553             switch (t[1])
3554             {
3555             case 'a':
3556             case 'w':
3557                 first = parse_new_expr(first, last, db);
3558                 break;
3559             case 'e':
3560                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "!=", db);
3561                 if (t != first+2)
3562                     first = t;
3563                 break;
3564             case 'g':
3565                 t = parse_prefix_expression(first+2, last, "-", db);
3566                 if (t != first+2)
3567                     first = t;
3568                 break;
3569             case 't':
3570                 t = parse_prefix_expression(first+2, last, "!", db);
3571                 if (t != first+2)
3572                     first = t;
3573                 break;
3574             case 'x':
3575                 t = parse_noexcept_expression(first+2, last, db);
3576                 if (t != first+2)
3577                     first = t;
3578                 break;
3579             }
3580             break;
3581         case 'o':
3582             switch (t[1])
3583             {
3584             case 'n':
3585                 return parse_unresolved_name(first, last, db);
3586             case 'o':
3587                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "||", db);
3588                 if (t != first+2)
3589                     first = t;
3590                 break;
3591             case 'r':
3592                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "|", db);
3593                 if (t != first+2)
3594                     first = t;
3595                 break;
3596             case 'R':
3597                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "|=", db);
3598                 if (t != first+2)
3599                     first = t;
3600                 break;
3601             }
3602             break;
3603         case 'p':
3604             switch (t[1])
3605             {
3606             case 'm':
3607                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "->*", db);
3608                 if (t != first+2)
3609                     first = t;
3610                 break;
3611             case 'l':
3612                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "+", db);
3613                 if (t != first+2)
3614                     first = t;
3615                 break;
3616             case 'L':
3617                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "+=", db);
3618                 if (t != first+2)
3619                     first = t;
3620                 break;
3621             case 'p':
3622                 if (first+2 != last && first[2] == '_')
3623                 {
3624                     t = parse_prefix_expression(first+3, last, "++", db);
3625                     if (t != first+3)
3626                         first = t;
3627                 }
3628                 else
3629                 {
3630                     const char* t1 = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
3631                     if (t1 != first+2)
3632                     {
3633                         if (db.names.empty())
3634                             return first;
3635                         db.names.back() = "(" + db.names.back().move_full() + ")++";
3636                         first = t1;
3637                     }
3638                 }
3639                 break;
3640             case 's':
3641                 t = parse_prefix_expression(first+2, last, "+", db);
3642                 if (t != first+2)
3643                     first = t;
3644                 break;
3645             case 't':
3646                 first = parse_arrow_expr(first, last, db);
3647                 break;
3648             }
3649             break;
3650         case 'q':
3651             if (t[1] == 'u')
3652             {
3653                 const char* t1 = parse_expression(first+2, last, db);
3654                 if (t1 != first+2)
3655                 {
3656                     const char* t2 = parse_expression(t1, last, db);
3657                     if (t2 != t1)
3658                     {
3659                         const char* t3 = parse_expression(t2, last, db);
3660                         if (t3 != t2)
3661                         {
3662                             if (db.names.size() < 3)
3663                                 return first;
3664                             auto op3 = db.names.back().move_full();
3665                             db.names.pop_back();
3666                             auto op2 = db.names.back().move_full();
3667                             db.names.pop_back();
3668                             auto op1 = db.names.back().move_full();
3669                             db.names.back() = "(" + op1 + ") ? (" + op2 + ") : (" + op3 + ")";
3670                             first = t3;
3671                         }
3672                         else
3673                         {
3674                             db.names.pop_back();
3675                             db.names.pop_back();
3676                         }
3677                     }
3678                     else
3679                         db.names.pop_back();
3680                 }
3681             }
3682             break;
3683         case 'r':
3684             switch (t[1])
3685             {
3686             case 'c':
3687                 first = parse_reinterpret_cast_expr(first, last, db);
3688                 break;
3689             case 'm':
3690                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "%", db);
3691                 if (t != first+2)
3692                     first = t;
3693                 break;
3694             case 'M':
3695                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, "%=", db);
3696                 if (t != first+2)
3697                     first = t;
3698                 break;
3699             case 's':
3700                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, ">>", db);
3701                 if (t != first+2)
3702                     first = t;
3703                 break;
3704             case 'S':
3705                 t = parse_binary_expression(first+2, last, ">>=", db);
3706                 if (t != first+2)
3707                     first = t;
3708                 break;
3709             }
3710             break;
3711         case 's':
3712             switch (t[1])
3713             {
3714             case 'c':
3715                 first = parse_static_cast_expr(first, last, db);
3716                 break;
3717             case 'p':
3718                 first = parse_pack_expansion(first, last, db);
3719                 break;
3720             case 'r':
3721                 return parse_unresolved_name(first, last, db);
3722             case 't':
3723                 first = parse_sizeof_type_expr(first, last, db);
3724                 break;
3725             case 'z':
3726                 first = parse_sizeof_expr_expr(first, last, db);
3727                 break;
3728             case 'Z':
3729                 if (last - t >= 3)
3730                 {
3731                     switch (t[2])
3732                     {
3733                     case 'T':
3734                         first = parse_sizeof_param_pack_expr(first, last, db);
3735                         break;
3736                     case 'f':
3737                         first = parse_sizeof_function_param_pack_expr(first, last, db);
3738                         break;
3739                     }
3740                 }
3741                 break;
3742             }
3743             break;
3744         case 't':
3745             switch (t[1])
3746             {
3747             case 'e':
3748             case 'i':
3749                 first = parse_typeid_expr(first, last, db);
3750                 break;
3751             case 'r':
3752                 db.names.push_back("throw");
3753                 first += 2;
3754                 break;
3755             case 'w':
3756                 first = parse_throw_expr(first, last, db);
3757                 break;
3758             }
3759             break;
3760         case '1':
3761         case '2':
3762         case '3':
3763         case '4':
3764         case '5':
3765         case '6':
3766         case '7':
3767         case '8':
3768         case '9':
3769             return parse_unresolved_name(first, last, db);
3770         }
3771     }
3772     return first;
3773 }
3774 
3775 // <template-arg> ::= <type>                                             # type or template
3776 //                ::= X <expression> E                                   # expression
3777 //                ::= <expr-primary>                                     # simple expressions
3778 //                ::= J <template-arg>* E                                # argument pack
3779 //                ::= LZ <encoding> E                                    # extension
3780 
3781 template <class C>
3782 const char*
3783 parse_template_arg(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
3784 {
3785     if (first != last)
3786     {
3787         const char* t;
3788         switch (*first)
3789         {
3790         case 'X':
3791             t = parse_expression(first+1, last, db);
3792             if (t != first+1)
3793             {
3794                 if (t != last && *t == 'E')
3795                     first = t+1;
3796             }
3797             break;
3798         case 'J':
3799             t = first+1;
3800             if (t == last)
3801                 return first;
3802             while (*t != 'E')
3803             {
3804                 const char* t1 = parse_template_arg(t, last, db);
3805                 if (t1 == t)
3806                     return first;
3807                 t = t1;
3808             }
3809             first = t+1;
3810             break;
3811         case 'L':
3812             // <expr-primary> or LZ <encoding> E
3813             if (first+1 != last && first[1] == 'Z')
3814             {
3815                 t = parse_encoding(first+2, last, db);
3816                 if (t != first+2 && t != last && *t == 'E')
3817                     first = t+1;
3818             }
3819             else
3820                 first = parse_expr_primary(first, last, db);
3821             break;
3822         default:
3823             // <type>
3824             first = parse_type(first, last, db);
3825             break;
3826         }
3827     }
3828     return first;
3829 }
3830 
3831 // <template-args> ::= I <template-arg>* E
3832 //     extension, the abi says <template-arg>+
3833 
3834 template <class C>
3835 const char*
3836 parse_template_args(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
3837 {
3838     if (last - first >= 2 && *first == 'I')
3839     {
3840         if (db.tag_templates)
3841             db.template_param.back().clear();
3842         const char* t = first+1;
3843         typename C::String args("<");
3844         while (*t != 'E')
3845         {
3846             if (db.tag_templates)
3847                 db.template_param.emplace_back(db.names.get_allocator());
3848             size_t k0 = db.names.size();
3849             const char* t1 = parse_template_arg(t, last, db);
3850             size_t k1 = db.names.size();
3851             if (db.tag_templates)
3852                 db.template_param.pop_back();
3853             if (t1 == t || t1 == last)
3854                 return first;
3855             if (db.tag_templates)
3856             {
3857                 db.template_param.back().emplace_back(db.names.get_allocator());
3858                 for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
3859                     db.template_param.back().back().push_back(db.names[k]);
3860             }
3861             for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
3862             {
3863                 if (args.size() > 1)
3864                     args += ", ";
3865                 args += db.names[k].move_full();
3866             }
3867             for (; k1 != k0; --k1)
3868                 db.names.pop_back();
3869             t = t1;
3870         }
3871         first = t + 1;
3872         if (args.back() != '>')
3873             args += ">";
3874         else
3875             args += " >";
3876         db.names.push_back(std::move(args));
3877 
3878     }
3879     return first;
3880 }
3881 
3882 // <nested-name> ::= N [<CV-qualifiers>] [<ref-qualifier>] <prefix> <unqualified-name> E
3883 //               ::= N [<CV-qualifiers>] [<ref-qualifier>] <template-prefix> <template-args> E
3884 //
3885 // <prefix> ::= <prefix> <unqualified-name>
3886 //          ::= <template-prefix> <template-args>
3887 //          ::= <template-param>
3888 //          ::= <decltype>
3889 //          ::= # empty
3890 //          ::= <substitution>
3891 //          ::= <prefix> <data-member-prefix>
3892 //  extension ::= L
3893 //
3894 // <template-prefix> ::= <prefix> <template unqualified-name>
3895 //                   ::= <template-param>
3896 //                   ::= <substitution>
3897 
3898 template <class C>
3899 const char*
3900 parse_nested_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db,
3901                   bool* ends_with_template_args)
3902 {
3903     if (first != last && *first == 'N')
3904     {
3905         unsigned cv;
3906         const char* t0 = parse_cv_qualifiers(first+1, last, cv);
3907         if (t0 == last)
3908             return first;
3909         db.ref = 0;
3910         if (*t0 == 'R')
3911         {
3912             db.ref = 1;
3913             ++t0;
3914         }
3915         else if (*t0 == 'O')
3916         {
3917             db.ref = 2;
3918             ++t0;
3919         }
3920         db.names.emplace_back();
3921         if (last - t0 >= 2 && t0[0] == 'S' && t0[1] == 't')
3922         {
3923             t0 += 2;
3924             db.names.back().first = "std";
3925         }
3926         if (t0 == last)
3927         {
3928             db.names.pop_back();
3929             return first;
3930         }
3931         bool pop_subs = false;
3932         bool component_ends_with_template_args = false;
3933         while (*t0 != 'E')
3934         {
3935             component_ends_with_template_args = false;
3936             const char* t1;
3937             switch (*t0)
3938             {
3939             case 'S':
3940                 if (t0 + 1 != last && t0[1] == 't')
3941                     goto do_parse_unqualified_name;
3942                 t1 = parse_substitution(t0, last, db);
3943                 if (t1 != t0 && t1 != last)
3944                 {
3945                     auto name = db.names.back().move_full();
3946                     db.names.pop_back();
3947                     if (!db.names.back().first.empty())
3948                     {
3949                         db.names.back().first += "::" + name;
3950                         db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
3951                     }
3952                     else
3953                         db.names.back().first = name;
3954                     pop_subs = true;
3955                     t0 = t1;
3956                 }
3957                 else
3958                     return first;
3959                 break;
3960             case 'T':
3961                 t1 = parse_template_param(t0, last, db);
3962                 if (t1 != t0 && t1 != last)
3963                 {
3964                     auto name = db.names.back().move_full();
3965                     db.names.pop_back();
3966                     if (!db.names.back().first.empty())
3967                         db.names.back().first += "::" + name;
3968                     else
3969                         db.names.back().first = name;
3970                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
3971                     pop_subs = true;
3972                     t0 = t1;
3973                 }
3974                 else
3975                     return first;
3976                 break;
3977             case 'D':
3978                 if (t0 + 1 != last && t0[1] != 't' && t0[1] != 'T')
3979                     goto do_parse_unqualified_name;
3980                 t1 = parse_decltype(t0, last, db);
3981                 if (t1 != t0 && t1 != last)
3982                 {
3983                     auto name = db.names.back().move_full();
3984                     db.names.pop_back();
3985                     if (!db.names.back().first.empty())
3986                         db.names.back().first += "::" + name;
3987                     else
3988                         db.names.back().first = name;
3989                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
3990                     pop_subs = true;
3991                     t0 = t1;
3992                 }
3993                 else
3994                     return first;
3995                 break;
3996             case 'I':
3997                 t1 = parse_template_args(t0, last, db);
3998                 if (t1 != t0 && t1 != last)
3999                 {
4000                     auto name = db.names.back().move_full();
4001                     db.names.pop_back();
4002                     db.names.back().first += name;
4003                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
4004                     t0 = t1;
4005                     component_ends_with_template_args = true;
4006                 }
4007                 else
4008                     return first;
4009                 break;
4010             case 'L':
4011                 if (++t0 == last)
4012                     return first;
4013                 break;
4014             default:
4015             do_parse_unqualified_name:
4016                 t1 = parse_unqualified_name(t0, last, db);
4017                 if (t1 != t0 && t1 != last)
4018                 {
4019                     auto name = db.names.back().move_full();
4020                     db.names.pop_back();
4021                     if (!db.names.back().first.empty())
4022                         db.names.back().first += "::" + name;
4023                     else
4024                         db.names.back().first = name;
4025                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
4026                     pop_subs = true;
4027                     t0 = t1;
4028                 }
4029                 else
4030                     return first;
4031             }
4032         }
4033         first = t0 + 1;
4034         db.cv = cv;
4035         if (pop_subs && !db.subs.empty())
4036             db.subs.pop_back();
4037         if (ends_with_template_args)
4038             *ends_with_template_args = component_ends_with_template_args;
4039     }
4040     return first;
4041 }
4042 
4043 // <discriminator> := _ <non-negative number>      # when number < 10
4044 //                 := __ <non-negative number> _   # when number >= 10
4045 //  extension      := decimal-digit+
4046 
4047 const char*
4048 parse_discriminator(const char* first, const char* last)
4049 {
4050     // parse but ignore discriminator
4051     if (first != last)
4052     {
4053         if (*first == '_')
4054         {
4055             const char* t1 = first+1;
4056             if (t1 != last)
4057             {
4058                 if (std::isdigit(*t1))
4059                     first = t1+1;
4060                 else if (*t1 == '_')
4061                 {
4062                     for (++t1; t1 != last && std::isdigit(*t1); ++t1)
4063                         ;
4064                     if (t1 != last && *t1 == '_')
4065                         first = t1 + 1;
4066                 }
4067             }
4068         }
4069         else if (std::isdigit(*first))
4070         {
4071             const char* t1 = first+1;
4072             for (; t1 != last && std::isdigit(*t1); ++t1)
4073                 ;
4074             first = t1;
4075         }
4076     }
4077     return first;
4078 }
4079 
4080 // <local-name> := Z <function encoding> E <entity name> [<discriminator>]
4081 //              := Z <function encoding> E s [<discriminator>]
4082 //              := Z <function encoding> Ed [ <parameter number> ] _ <entity name>
4083 
4084 template <class C>
4085 const char*
4086 parse_local_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db,
4087                  bool* ends_with_template_args)
4088 {
4089     if (first != last && *first == 'Z')
4090     {
4091         const char* t = parse_encoding(first+1, last, db);
4092         if (t != first+1 && t != last && *t == 'E' && ++t != last)
4093         {
4094             switch (*t)
4095             {
4096             case 's':
4097                 first = parse_discriminator(t+1, last);
4098                 if (db.names.empty())
4099                     return first;
4100                 db.names.back().first.append("::string literal");
4101                 break;
4102             case 'd':
4103                 if (++t != last)
4104                 {
4105                     const char* t1 = parse_number(t, last);
4106                     if (t1 != last && *t1 == '_')
4107                     {
4108                         t = t1 + 1;
4109                         t1 = parse_name(t, last, db,
4110                                         ends_with_template_args);
4111                         if (t1 != t)
4112                         {
4113                             if (db.names.size() < 2)
4114                                 return first;
4115                             auto name = db.names.back().move_full();
4116                             db.names.pop_back();
4117                             db.names.back().first.append("::");
4118                             db.names.back().first.append(name);
4119                             first = t1;
4120                         }
4121                         else
4122                             db.names.pop_back();
4123                     }
4124                 }
4125                 break;
4126             default:
4127                 {
4128                     const char* t1 = parse_name(t, last, db,
4129                                                 ends_with_template_args);
4130                     if (t1 != t)
4131                     {
4132                         // parse but ignore discriminator
4133                         first = parse_discriminator(t1, last);
4134                         if (db.names.size() < 2)
4135                             return first;
4136                         auto name = db.names.back().move_full();
4137                         db.names.pop_back();
4138                         db.names.back().first.append("::");
4139                         db.names.back().first.append(name);
4140                     }
4141                     else
4142                         db.names.pop_back();
4143                 }
4144                 break;
4145             }
4146         }
4147     }
4148     return first;
4149 }
4150 
4151 // <name> ::= <nested-name> // N
4152 //        ::= <local-name> # See Scope Encoding below  // Z
4153 //        ::= <unscoped-template-name> <template-args>
4154 //        ::= <unscoped-name>
4155 
4156 // <unscoped-template-name> ::= <unscoped-name>
4157 //                          ::= <substitution>
4158 
4159 template <class C>
4160 const char*
4161 parse_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db,
4162            bool* ends_with_template_args)
4163 {
4164     if (last - first >= 2)
4165     {
4166         const char* t0 = first;
4167         // extension: ignore L here
4168         if (*t0 == 'L')
4169             ++t0;
4170         switch (*t0)
4171         {
4172         case 'N':
4173           {
4174             const char* t1 = parse_nested_name(t0, last, db,
4175                                                ends_with_template_args);
4176             if (t1 != t0)
4177                 first = t1;
4178             break;
4179           }
4180         case 'Z':
4181           {
4182             const char* t1 = parse_local_name(t0, last, db,
4183                                               ends_with_template_args);
4184             if (t1 != t0)
4185                 first = t1;
4186             break;
4187           }
4188         default:
4189           {
4190             const char* t1 = parse_unscoped_name(t0, last, db);
4191             if (t1 != t0)
4192             {
4193                 if (t1 != last && *t1 == 'I')  // <unscoped-template-name> <template-args>
4194                 {
4195                     if (db.names.empty())
4196                         return first;
4197                     db.subs.push_back(typename C::sub_type(1, db.names.back(), db.names.get_allocator()));
4198                     t0 = t1;
4199                     t1 = parse_template_args(t0, last, db);
4200                     if (t1 != t0)
4201                     {
4202                         if (db.names.size() < 2)
4203                             return first;
4204                         auto tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
4205                         db.names.pop_back();
4206                         db.names.back().first += tmp;
4207                         first = t1;
4208                         if (ends_with_template_args)
4209                             *ends_with_template_args = true;
4210                     }
4211                 }
4212                 else   // <unscoped-name>
4213                     first = t1;
4214             }
4215             else
4216             {   // try <substitution> <template-args>
4217                 t1 = parse_substitution(t0, last, db);
4218                 if (t1 != t0 && t1 != last && *t1 == 'I')
4219                 {
4220                     t0 = t1;
4221                     t1 = parse_template_args(t0, last, db);
4222                     if (t1 != t0)
4223                     {
4224                         if (db.names.size() < 2)
4225                             return first;
4226                         auto tmp = db.names.back().move_full();
4227                         db.names.pop_back();
4228                         db.names.back().first += tmp;
4229                         first = t1;
4230                         if (ends_with_template_args)
4231                             *ends_with_template_args = true;
4232                     }
4233                 }
4234             }
4235             break;
4236           }
4237         }
4238     }
4239     return first;
4240 }
4241 
4242 // <call-offset> ::= h <nv-offset> _
4243 //               ::= v <v-offset> _
4244 //
4245 // <nv-offset> ::= <offset number>
4246 //               # non-virtual base override
4247 //
4248 // <v-offset>  ::= <offset number> _ <virtual offset number>
4249 //               # virtual base override, with vcall offset
4250 
4251 const char*
4252 parse_call_offset(const char* first, const char* last)
4253 {
4254     if (first != last)
4255     {
4256         switch (*first)
4257         {
4258         case 'h':
4259             {
4260             const char* t = parse_number(first + 1, last);
4261             if (t != first + 1 && t != last && *t == '_')
4262                 first = t + 1;
4263             }
4264             break;
4265         case 'v':
4266             {
4267             const char* t = parse_number(first + 1, last);
4268             if (t != first + 1 && t != last && *t == '_')
4269             {
4270                 const char* t2 = parse_number(++t, last);
4271                 if (t2 != t && t2 != last && *t2 == '_')
4272                     first = t2 + 1;
4273             }
4274             }
4275             break;
4276         }
4277     }
4278     return first;
4279 }
4280 
4281 // <special-name> ::= TV <type>    # virtual table
4282 //                ::= TT <type>    # VTT structure (construction vtable index)
4283 //                ::= TI <type>    # typeinfo structure
4284 //                ::= TS <type>    # typeinfo name (null-terminated byte string)
4285 //                ::= Tc <call-offset> <call-offset> <base encoding>
4286 //                    # base is the nominal target function of thunk
4287 //                    # first call-offset is 'this' adjustment
4288 //                    # second call-offset is result adjustment
4289 //                ::= T <call-offset> <base encoding>
4290 //                    # base is the nominal target function of thunk
4291 //                ::= GV <object name> # Guard variable for one-time initialization
4292 //                                     # No <type>
4293 //      extension ::= TC <first type> <number> _ <second type> # construction vtable for second-in-first
4294 //      extension ::= GR <object name> # reference temporary for object
4295 
4296 template <class C>
4297 const char*
4298 parse_special_name(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
4299 {
4300     if (last - first > 2)
4301     {
4302         const char* t;
4303         switch (*first)
4304         {
4305         case 'T':
4306             switch (first[1])
4307             {
4308             case 'V':
4309                 // TV <type>    # virtual table
4310                 t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
4311                 if (t != first+2)
4312                 {
4313                     if (db.names.empty())
4314                         return first;
4315                     db.names.back().first.insert(0, "vtable for ");
4316                     first = t;
4317                 }
4318                 break;
4319             case 'T':
4320                 // TT <type>    # VTT structure (construction vtable index)
4321                 t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
4322                 if (t != first+2)
4323                 {
4324                     if (db.names.empty())
4325                         return first;
4326                     db.names.back().first.insert(0, "VTT for ");
4327                     first = t;
4328                 }
4329                 break;
4330             case 'I':
4331                 // TI <type>    # typeinfo structure
4332                 t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
4333                 if (t != first+2)
4334                 {
4335                     if (db.names.empty())
4336                         return first;
4337                     db.names.back().first.insert(0, "typeinfo for ");
4338                     first = t;
4339                 }
4340                 break;
4341             case 'S':
4342                 // TS <type>    # typeinfo name (null-terminated byte string)
4343                 t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
4344                 if (t != first+2)
4345                 {
4346                     if (db.names.empty())
4347                         return first;
4348                     db.names.back().first.insert(0, "typeinfo name for ");
4349                     first = t;
4350                 }
4351                 break;
4352             case 'c':
4353                 // Tc <call-offset> <call-offset> <base encoding>
4354               {
4355                 const char* t0 = parse_call_offset(first+2, last);
4356                 if (t0 == first+2)
4357                     break;
4358                 const char* t1 = parse_call_offset(t0, last);
4359                 if (t1 == t0)
4360                     break;
4361                 t = parse_encoding(t1, last, db);
4362                 if (t != t1)
4363                 {
4364                     if (db.names.empty())
4365                         return first;
4366                     db.names.back().first.insert(0, "covariant return thunk to ");
4367                     first = t;
4368                 }
4369               }
4370                 break;
4371             case 'C':
4372                 // extension ::= TC <first type> <number> _ <second type> # construction vtable for second-in-first
4373                 t = parse_type(first+2, last, db);
4374                 if (t != first+2)
4375                 {
4376                     const char* t0 = parse_number(t, last);
4377                     if (t0 != t && t0 != last && *t0 == '_')
4378                     {
4379                         const char* t1 = parse_type(++t0, last, db);
4380                         if (t1 != t0)
4381                         {
4382                             if (db.names.size() < 2)
4383                                 return first;
4384                             auto left = db.names.back().move_full();
4385                             db.names.pop_back();
4386                             db.names.back().first = "construction vtable for " +
4387                                                     std::move(left) + "-in-" +
4388                                                     db.names.back().move_full();
4389                             first = t1;
4390                         }
4391                     }
4392                 }
4393                 break;
4394             default:
4395                 // T <call-offset> <base encoding>
4396                 {
4397                 const char* t0 = parse_call_offset(first+1, last);
4398                 if (t0 == first+1)
4399                     break;
4400                 t = parse_encoding(t0, last, db);
4401                 if (t != t0)
4402                 {
4403                     if (db.names.empty())
4404                         return first;
4405                     if (first[2] == 'v')
4406                     {
4407                         db.names.back().first.insert(0, "virtual thunk to ");
4408                         first = t;
4409                     }
4410                     else
4411                     {
4412                         db.names.back().first.insert(0, "non-virtual thunk to ");
4413                         first = t;
4414                     }
4415                 }
4416                 }
4417                 break;
4418             }
4419             break;
4420         case 'G':
4421             switch (first[1])
4422             {
4423             case 'V':
4424                 // GV <object name> # Guard variable for one-time initialization
4425                 t = parse_name(first+2, last, db);
4426                 if (t != first+2)
4427                 {
4428                     if (db.names.empty())
4429                         return first;
4430                     db.names.back().first.insert(0, "guard variable for ");
4431                     first = t;
4432                 }
4433                 break;
4434             case 'R':
4435                 // extension ::= GR <object name> # reference temporary for object
4436                 t = parse_name(first+2, last, db);
4437                 if (t != first+2)
4438                 {
4439                     if (db.names.empty())
4440                         return first;
4441                     db.names.back().first.insert(0, "reference temporary for ");
4442                     first = t;
4443                 }
4444                 break;
4445             }
4446             break;
4447         }
4448     }
4449     return first;
4450 }
4451 
4452 template <class T>
4453 class save_value
4454 {
4455     T& restore_;
4456     T original_value_;
4457 public:
4458     save_value(T& restore)
4459         : restore_(restore),
4460           original_value_(restore)
4461         {}
4462 
4463     ~save_value()
4464     {
4465         restore_ = std::move(original_value_);
4466     }
4467 
4468     save_value(const save_value&) = delete;
4469     save_value& operator=(const save_value&) = delete;
4470 };
4471 
4472 // <encoding> ::= <function name> <bare-function-type>
4473 //            ::= <data name>
4474 //            ::= <special-name>
4475 
4476 template <class C>
4477 const char*
4478 parse_encoding(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
4479 {
4480     if (first != last)
4481     {
4482         save_value<decltype(db.encoding_depth)> su(db.encoding_depth);
4483         ++db.encoding_depth;
4484         save_value<decltype(db.tag_templates)> sb(db.tag_templates);
4485         if (db.encoding_depth > 1)
4486             db.tag_templates = true;
4487         switch (*first)
4488         {
4489         case 'G':
4490         case 'T':
4491             first = parse_special_name(first, last, db);
4492             break;
4493         default:
4494           {
4495             bool ends_with_template_args = false;
4496             const char* t = parse_name(first, last, db,
4497                                        &ends_with_template_args);
4498             unsigned cv = db.cv;
4499             unsigned ref = db.ref;
4500             if (t != first)
4501             {
4502                 if (t != last && *t != 'E' && *t != '.')
4503                 {
4504                     save_value<bool> sb2(db.tag_templates);
4505                     db.tag_templates = false;
4506                     const char* t2;
4507                     typename C::String ret2;
4508                     if (db.names.empty())
4509                         return first;
4510                     const typename C::String& nm = db.names.back().first;
4511                     if (nm.empty())
4512                         return first;
4513                     if (!db.parsed_ctor_dtor_cv && ends_with_template_args)
4514                     {
4515                         t2 = parse_type(t, last, db);
4516                         if (t2 == t)
4517                             return first;
4518                         if (db.names.size() < 2)
4519                             return first;
4520                         auto ret1 = std::move(db.names.back().first);
4521                         ret2 = std::move(db.names.back().second);
4522                         if (ret2.empty())
4523                             ret1 += ' ';
4524                         db.names.pop_back();
4525                         db.names.back().first.insert(0, ret1);
4526                         t = t2;
4527                     }
4528                     db.names.back().first += '(';
4529                     if (t != last && *t == 'v')
4530                     {
4531                         ++t;
4532                     }
4533                     else
4534                     {
4535                         bool first_arg = true;
4536                         while (true)
4537                         {
4538                             size_t k0 = db.names.size();
4539                             t2 = parse_type(t, last, db);
4540                             size_t k1 = db.names.size();
4541                             if (t2 == t)
4542                                 break;
4543                             if (k1 > k0)
4544                             {
4545                                 typename C::String tmp;
4546                                 for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
4547                                 {
4548                                     if (!tmp.empty())
4549                                         tmp += ", ";
4550                                     tmp += db.names[k].move_full();
4551                                 }
4552                                 for (size_t k = k0; k < k1; ++k)
4553                                     db.names.pop_back();
4554                                 if (!tmp.empty())
4555                                 {
4556                                     if (db.names.empty())
4557                                         return first;
4558                                     if (!first_arg)
4559                                         db.names.back().first += ", ";
4560                                     else
4561                                         first_arg = false;
4562                                     db.names.back().first += tmp;
4563                                 }
4564                             }
4565                             t = t2;
4566                         }
4567                     }
4568                     if (db.names.empty())
4569                         return first;
4570                     db.names.back().first += ')';
4571                     if (cv & 1)
4572                         db.names.back().first.append(" const");
4573                     if (cv & 2)
4574                         db.names.back().first.append(" volatile");
4575                     if (cv & 4)
4576                         db.names.back().first.append(" restrict");
4577                     if (ref == 1)
4578                         db.names.back().first.append(" &");
4579                     else if (ref == 2)
4580                         db.names.back().first.append(" &&");
4581                     db.names.back().first += ret2;
4582                     first = t;
4583                 }
4584                 else
4585                     first = t;
4586             }
4587             break;
4588           }
4589         }
4590     }
4591     return first;
4592 }
4593 
4594 // _block_invoke
4595 // _block_invoke<decimal-digit>+
4596 // _block_invoke_<decimal-digit>+
4597 
4598 template <class C>
4599 const char*
4600 parse_block_invoke(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
4601 {
4602     if (last - first >= 13)
4603     {
4604         const char test[] = "_block_invoke";
4605         const char* t = first;
4606         for (int i = 0; i < 13; ++i, ++t)
4607         {
4608             if (*t != test[i])
4609                 return first;
4610         }
4611         if (t != last)
4612         {
4613             if (*t == '_')
4614             {
4615                 // must have at least 1 decimal digit
4616                 if (++t == last || !std::isdigit(*t))
4617                     return first;
4618                 ++t;
4619             }
4620             // parse zero or more digits
4621             while (t != last && isdigit(*t))
4622                 ++t;
4623         }
4624         if (db.names.empty())
4625             return first;
4626         db.names.back().first.insert(0, "invocation function for block in ");
4627         first = t;
4628     }
4629     return first;
4630 }
4631 
4632 // extension
4633 // <dot-suffix> := .<anything and everything>
4634 
4635 template <class C>
4636 const char*
4637 parse_dot_suffix(const char* first, const char* last, C& db)
4638 {
4639     if (first != last && *first == '.')
4640     {
4641         if (db.names.empty())
4642             return first;
4643         db.names.back().first += " (" + typename C::String(first, last) + ")";
4644         first = last;
4645     }
4646     return first;
4647 }
4648 
4649 // <block-involcaton-function> ___Z<encoding>_block_invoke
4650 // <block-involcaton-function> ___Z<encoding>_block_invoke<decimal-digit>+
4651 // <block-involcaton-function> ___Z<encoding>_block_invoke_<decimal-digit>+
4652 // <mangled-name> ::= _Z<encoding>
4653 //                ::= <type>
4654 
4655 template <class C>
4656 void
4657 demangle(const char* first, const char* last, C& db, int& status)
4658 {
4659     if (first >= last)
4660     {
4661         status = invalid_mangled_name;
4662         return;
4663     }
4664     if (*first == '_')
4665     {
4666         if (last - first >= 4)
4667         {
4668             if (first[1] == 'Z')
4669             {
4670                 const char* t = parse_encoding(first+2, last, db);
4671                 if (t != first+2 && t != last && *t == '.')
4672                     t = parse_dot_suffix(t, last, db);
4673                 if (t != last)
4674                     status = invalid_mangled_name;
4675             }
4676             else if (first[1] == '_' && first[2] == '_' && first[3] == 'Z')
4677             {
4678                 const char* t = parse_encoding(first+4, last, db);
4679                 if (t != first+4 && t != last)
4680                 {
4681                     const char* t1 = parse_block_invoke(t, last, db);
4682                     if (t1 != last)
4683                         status = invalid_mangled_name;
4684                 }
4685                 else
4686                     status = invalid_mangled_name;
4687             }
4688             else
4689                 status = invalid_mangled_name;
4690         }
4691         else
4692             status = invalid_mangled_name;
4693     }
4694     else
4695     {
4696         const char* t = parse_type(first, last, db);
4697         if (t != last)
4698             status = invalid_mangled_name;
4699     }
4700     if (status == success && db.names.empty())
4701         status = invalid_mangled_name;
4702 }
4703 
4704 template <std::size_t N>
4705 class arena
4706 {
4707     static const std::size_t alignment = 16;
4708     alignas(alignment) char buf_[N];
4709     char* ptr_;
4710 
4711     std::size_t
4712     align_up(std::size_t n) noexcept
4713         {return (n + (alignment-1)) & ~(alignment-1);}
4714 
4715     bool
4716     pointer_in_buffer(char* p) noexcept
4717         {return buf_ <= p && p <= buf_ + N;}
4718 
4719 public:
4720     arena() noexcept : ptr_(buf_) {}
4721     ~arena() {ptr_ = nullptr;}
4722     arena(const arena&) = delete;
4723     arena& operator=(const arena&) = delete;
4724 
4725     char* allocate(std::size_t n);
4726     void deallocate(char* p, std::size_t n) noexcept;
4727 
4728     static constexpr std::size_t size() {return N;}
4729     std::size_t used() const {return static_cast<std::size_t>(ptr_ - buf_);}
4730     void reset() {ptr_ = buf_;}
4731 };
4732 
4733 template <std::size_t N>
4734 char*
4735 arena<N>::allocate(std::size_t n)
4736 {
4737     n = align_up(n);
4738     if (static_cast<std::size_t>(buf_ + N - ptr_) >= n)
4739     {
4740         char* r = ptr_;
4741         ptr_ += n;
4742         return r;
4743     }
4744     return static_cast<char*>(std::malloc(n));
4745 }
4746 
4747 template <std::size_t N>
4748 void
4749 arena<N>::deallocate(char* p, std::size_t n) noexcept
4750 {
4751     if (pointer_in_buffer(p))
4752     {
4753         n = align_up(n);
4754         if (p + n == ptr_)
4755             ptr_ = p;
4756     }
4757     else
4758         std::free(p);
4759 }
4760 
4761 template <class T, std::size_t N>
4762 class short_alloc
4763 {
4764     arena<N>& a_;
4765 public:
4766     typedef T value_type;
4767 
4768 public:
4769     template <class _Up> struct rebind {typedef short_alloc<_Up, N> other;};
4770 
4771     short_alloc(arena<N>& a) noexcept : a_(a) {}
4772     template <class U>
4773         short_alloc(const short_alloc<U, N>& a) noexcept
4774             : a_(a.a_) {}
4775     short_alloc(const short_alloc&) = default;
4776     short_alloc& operator=(const short_alloc&) = delete;
4777 
4778     T* allocate(std::size_t n)
4779     {
4780         return reinterpret_cast<T*>(a_.allocate(n*sizeof(T)));
4781     }
4782     void deallocate(T* p, std::size_t n) noexcept
4783     {
4784         a_.deallocate(reinterpret_cast<char*>(p), n*sizeof(T));
4785     }
4786 
4787     template <class T1, std::size_t N1, class U, std::size_t M>
4788     friend
4789     bool
4790     operator==(const short_alloc<T1, N1>& x, const short_alloc<U, M>& y) noexcept;
4791 
4792     template <class U, std::size_t M> friend class short_alloc;
4793 };
4794 
4795 template <class T, std::size_t N, class U, std::size_t M>
4796 inline
4797 bool
4798 operator==(const short_alloc<T, N>& x, const short_alloc<U, M>& y) noexcept
4799 {
4800     return N == M && &x.a_ == &y.a_;
4801 }
4802 
4803 template <class T, std::size_t N, class U, std::size_t M>
4804 inline
4805 bool
4806 operator!=(const short_alloc<T, N>& x, const short_alloc<U, M>& y) noexcept
4807 {
4808     return !(x == y);
4809 }
4810 
4811 template <class T>
4812 class malloc_alloc
4813 {
4814 public:
4815     typedef T value_type;
4816 
4817     malloc_alloc() = default;
4818     template <class U> malloc_alloc(const malloc_alloc<U>&) noexcept {}
4819 
4820     T* allocate(std::size_t n)
4821     {
4822         return static_cast<T*>(std::malloc(n*sizeof(T)));
4823     }
4824     void deallocate(T* p, std::size_t) noexcept
4825     {
4826         std::free(p);
4827     }
4828 };
4829 
4830 template <class T, class U>
4831 inline
4832 bool
4833 operator==(const malloc_alloc<T>&, const malloc_alloc<U>&) noexcept
4834 {
4835     return true;
4836 }
4837 
4838 template <class T, class U>
4839 inline
4840 bool
4841 operator!=(const malloc_alloc<T>& x, const malloc_alloc<U>& y) noexcept
4842 {
4843     return !(x == y);
4844 }
4845 
4846 const size_t bs = 4 * 1024;
4847 template <class T> using Alloc = short_alloc<T, bs>;
4848 template <class T> using Vector = std::vector<T, Alloc<T>>;
4849 
4850 template <class StrT>
4851 struct string_pair
4852 {
4853     StrT first;
4854     StrT second;
4855 
4856     string_pair() = default;
4857     string_pair(StrT f) : first(std::move(f)) {}
4858     string_pair(StrT f, StrT s)
4859         : first(std::move(f)), second(std::move(s)) {}
4860     template <size_t N>
4861         string_pair(const char (&s)[N]) : first(s, N-1) {}
4862 
4863     size_t size() const {return first.size() + second.size();}
4864     StrT full() const {return first + second;}
4865     StrT move_full() {return std::move(first) + std::move(second);}
4866 };
4867 
4868 struct Db
4869 {
4870     typedef std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>,
4871                               malloc_alloc<char>> String;
4872     typedef Vector<string_pair<String>> sub_type;
4873     typedef Vector<sub_type> template_param_type;
4874     sub_type names;
4875     template_param_type subs;
4876     Vector<template_param_type> template_param;
4877     unsigned cv;
4878     unsigned ref;
4879     unsigned encoding_depth;
4880     bool parsed_ctor_dtor_cv;
4881     bool tag_templates;
4882     bool fix_forward_references;
4883     bool try_to_parse_template_args;
4884 
4885     template <size_t N>
4886     Db(arena<N>& ar) :
4887         names(ar),
4888         subs(0, names, ar),
4889         template_param(0, subs, ar)
4890     {}
4891 };
4892 
4893 }  // unnamed namespace
4894 
4895 extern "C"
4896 __attribute__ ((__visibility__("default")))
4897 char*
4898 __cxa_demangle(const char* mangled_name, char* buf, size_t* n, int* status)
4899 {
4900     if (mangled_name == nullptr || (buf != nullptr && n == nullptr))
4901     {
4902         if (status)
4903             *status = invalid_args;
4904         return nullptr;
4905     }
4906     size_t internal_size = buf != nullptr ? *n : 0;
4907     arena<bs> a;
4908     Db db(a);
4909     db.cv = 0;
4910     db.ref = 0;
4911     db.encoding_depth = 0;
4912     db.parsed_ctor_dtor_cv = false;
4913     db.tag_templates = true;
4914     db.template_param.emplace_back(a);
4915     db.fix_forward_references = false;
4916     db.try_to_parse_template_args = true;
4917     int internal_status = success;
4918     size_t len = std::strlen(mangled_name);
4919     demangle(mangled_name, mangled_name + len, db,
4920              internal_status);
4921     if (internal_status == success && db.fix_forward_references &&
4922            !db.template_param.empty() && !db.template_param.front().empty())
4923     {
4924         db.fix_forward_references = false;
4925         db.tag_templates = false;
4926         db.names.clear();
4927         db.subs.clear();
4928         demangle(mangled_name, mangled_name + len, db, internal_status);
4929         if (db.fix_forward_references)
4930             internal_status = invalid_mangled_name;
4931     }
4932     if (internal_status == success)
4933     {
4934         size_t sz = db.names.back().size() + 1;
4935         if (sz > internal_size)
4936         {
4937             char* newbuf = static_cast<char*>(std::realloc(buf, sz));
4938             if (newbuf == nullptr)
4939             {
4940                 internal_status = memory_alloc_failure;
4941                 buf = nullptr;
4942             }
4943             else
4944             {
4945                 buf = newbuf;
4946                 if (n != nullptr)
4947                     *n = sz;
4948             }
4949         }
4950         if (buf != nullptr)
4951         {
4952             db.names.back().first += db.names.back().second;
4953             std::memcpy(buf, db.names.back().first.data(), sz-1);
4954             buf[sz-1] = char(0);
4955         }
4956     }
4957     else
4958         buf = nullptr;
4959     if (status)
4960         *status = internal_status;
4961     return buf;
4962 }
4963 
4964 }  // __cxxabiv1
4965