xref: /llvm-project-15.0.7/libcxx/include/span (revision 8fa2e679)
1// -*- C++ -*-
2//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3//
4// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
5// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
6// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7//
8//===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9
10#ifndef _LIBCPP_SPAN
11#define _LIBCPP_SPAN
12
13/*
14    span synopsis
15
16namespace std {
17
18// constants
19inline constexpr size_t dynamic_extent = numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
20
21// [views.span], class template span
22template <class ElementType, size_t Extent = dynamic_extent>
23    class span;
24
25template<class ElementType, size_t Extent>
26  inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_view<span<ElementType, Extent>> = true;
27
28template<class ElementType, size_t Extent>
29    inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_borrowed_range<span<ElementType, Extent>> = true;
30
31// [span.objectrep], views of object representation
32template <class ElementType, size_t Extent>
33    span<const byte, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent :
34        (sizeof(ElementType) * Extent))> as_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept;
35
36template <class ElementType, size_t Extent>
37    span<      byte, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent :
38        (sizeof(ElementType) * Extent))> as_writable_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept;
39
40
41template <class ElementType, size_t Extent = dynamic_extent>
42class span {
43public:
44    // constants and types
45    using element_type = ElementType;
46    using value_type = remove_cv_t<ElementType>;
47    using size_type = size_t;
48    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
49    using pointer = element_type*;
50    using const_pointer = const element_type*;
51    using reference = element_type&;
52    using const_reference = const element_type&;
53    using iterator = implementation-defined;
54    using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
55    static constexpr size_type extent = Extent;
56
57    // [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
58    constexpr span() noexcept;
59    template <class It>
60    constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(It first, size_type count);
61    template <class It, class End>
62    constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(It first, End last);
63    template <size_t N>
64        constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&arr)[N]) noexcept;
65    template <size_t N>
66        constexpr span(array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept;
67    template <size_t N>
68        constexpr span(const array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept;
69    template<class R>
70      constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(R&& r);
71    constexpr span(const span& other) noexcept = default;
72    template <class OtherElementType, size_t OtherExtent>
73        constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(const span<OtherElementType, OtherExtent>& s) noexcept;
74    ~span() noexcept = default;
75    constexpr span& operator=(const span& other) noexcept = default;
76
77    // [span.sub], span subviews
78    template <size_t Count>
79        constexpr span<element_type, Count> first() const;
80    template <size_t Count>
81        constexpr span<element_type, Count> last() const;
82    template <size_t Offset, size_t Count = dynamic_extent>
83        constexpr span<element_type, see below> subspan() const;
84
85    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type count) const;
86    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last(size_type count) const;
87    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> subspan(size_type offset, size_type count = dynamic_extent) const;
88
89    // [span.obs], span observers
90    constexpr size_type size() const noexcept;
91    constexpr size_type size_bytes() const noexcept;
92    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool empty() const noexcept;
93
94    // [span.elem], span element access
95    constexpr reference operator[](size_type idx) const;
96    constexpr reference front() const;
97    constexpr reference back() const;
98    constexpr pointer data() const noexcept;
99
100    // [span.iterators], span iterator support
101    constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept;
102    constexpr iterator end() const noexcept;
103    constexpr reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept;
104    constexpr reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept;
105
106private:
107    pointer data_;    // exposition only
108    size_type size_;  // exposition only
109};
110
111template<class It, class EndOrSize>
112    span(It, EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>>;
113
114template<class T, size_t N>
115    span(T (&)[N]) -> span<T, N>;
116
117template<class T, size_t N>
118    span(array<T, N>&) -> span<T, N>;
119
120template<class T, size_t N>
121    span(const array<T, N>&) -> span<const T, N>;
122
123template<class R>
124    span(R&&) -> span<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<R>>>;
125
126} // namespace std
127
128*/
129
130#include <__assert> // all public C++ headers provide the assertion handler
131#include <__config>
132#include <__debug>
133#include <__fwd/span.h>
134#include <__iterator/bounded_iter.h>
135#include <__iterator/concepts.h>
136#include <__iterator/iterator_traits.h>
137#include <__iterator/wrap_iter.h>
138#include <__memory/pointer_traits.h>
139#include <__ranges/concepts.h>
140#include <__ranges/data.h>
141#include <__ranges/enable_borrowed_range.h>
142#include <__ranges/enable_view.h>
143#include <__ranges/size.h>
144#include <__utility/forward.h>
145#include <array>        // for array
146#include <cstddef>      // for byte
147#include <limits>
148#include <type_traits>  // for remove_cv, etc
149#include <version>
150
151// standard-mandated includes
152
153// [iterator.range]
154#include <__iterator/access.h>
155#include <__iterator/data.h>
156#include <__iterator/empty.h>
157#include <__iterator/reverse_access.h>
158#include <__iterator/size.h>
159
160#if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
161#  pragma GCC system_header
162#endif
163
164_LIBCPP_PUSH_MACROS
165#include <__undef_macros>
166
167_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
168
169#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
170
171template <class _Tp>
172struct __is_std_array : false_type {};
173
174template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
175struct __is_std_array<array<_Tp, _Sz>> : true_type {};
176
177template <class _Tp>
178struct __is_std_span : false_type {};
179
180template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
181struct __is_std_span<span<_Tp, _Sz>> : true_type {};
182
183#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
184// This is a temporary workaround until we ship <ranges> -- we've unfortunately been
185// shipping <span> before its API was finalized, and we used to provide a constructor
186// from container types that had the requirements below. To avoid breaking code that
187// has started relying on the range-based constructor until we ship all of <ranges>,
188// we emulate the constructor requirements like this.
189template <class _Range, class _ElementType>
190concept __span_compatible_range =
191  !__is_std_span<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value  &&
192  !__is_std_array<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value &&
193  !is_array_v<remove_cvref_t<_Range>> &&
194  requires (_Range&& __r) {
195      data(std::forward<_Range>(__r));
196      size(std::forward<_Range>(__r));
197  } &&
198  is_convertible_v<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>(*)[], _ElementType(*)[]>;
199#else
200template <class _Range, class _ElementType>
201concept __span_compatible_range =
202  ranges::contiguous_range<_Range> &&
203  ranges::sized_range<_Range> &&
204  (ranges::borrowed_range<_Range> || is_const_v<_ElementType>) &&
205  !__is_std_span<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value  &&
206  !__is_std_array<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value &&
207  !is_array_v<remove_cvref_t<_Range>> &&
208  is_convertible_v<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>(*)[], _ElementType(*)[]>;
209#endif // !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
210
211template <class _From, class _To>
212concept __span_array_convertible = is_convertible_v<_From(*)[], _To(*)[]>;
213
214template <class _It, class _Tp>
215concept __span_compatible_iterator = contiguous_iterator<_It> && __span_array_convertible<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>, _Tp>;
216
217template <class _Sentinel, class _It>
218concept __span_compatible_sentinel_for = sized_sentinel_for<_Sentinel, _It> && !is_convertible_v<_Sentinel, size_t>;
219
220template <typename _Tp, size_t _Extent>
221class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS span {
222public:
223//  constants and types
224    using element_type           = _Tp;
225    using value_type             = remove_cv_t<_Tp>;
226    using size_type              = size_t;
227    using difference_type        = ptrdiff_t;
228    using pointer                = _Tp *;
229    using const_pointer          = const _Tp *;
230    using reference              = _Tp &;
231    using const_reference        = const _Tp &;
232#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
233    using iterator               = __bounded_iter<pointer>;
234#else
235    using iterator               = __wrap_iter<pointer>;
236#endif
237    using reverse_iterator       = _VSTD::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
238
239    static constexpr size_type extent = _Extent;
240
241// [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
242    template <size_t _Sz = _Extent> requires(_Sz == 0)
243    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span() noexcept : __data{nullptr} {}
244
245    constexpr span           (const span&) noexcept = default;
246    constexpr span& operator=(const span&) noexcept = default;
247
248    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It>
249    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
250    constexpr explicit span(_It __first, size_type __count)
251        : __data{_VSTD::to_address(__first)} {
252      (void)__count;
253      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Extent == __count, "size mismatch in span's constructor (iterator, len)");
254    }
255
256    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It, __span_compatible_sentinel_for<_It> _End>
257    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
258    constexpr explicit span(_It __first, _End __last) : __data{_VSTD::to_address(__first)} {
259      (void)__last;
260      _LIBCPP_ASSERT((__last - __first >= 0), "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel)");
261      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__last - __first == _Extent,
262                     "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel): last - first != extent");
263    }
264
265    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&__arr)[_Extent]) noexcept : __data{__arr} {}
266
267    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
268    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
269    constexpr span(array<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()} {}
270
271    template <class _OtherElementType>
272        requires __span_array_convertible<const _OtherElementType, element_type>
273    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
274    constexpr span(const array<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()} {}
275
276#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
277    template <class _Container>
278        requires __span_compatible_range<_Container, element_type>
279    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
280    constexpr explicit span(_Container& __c) : __data{std::data(__c)} {
281      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(std::size(__c) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
282    }
283    template <class _Container>
284        requires __span_compatible_range<const _Container, element_type>
285    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
286    constexpr explicit span(const _Container& __c) : __data{std::data(__c)} {
287      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(std::size(__c) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
288    }
289#else
290    template <__span_compatible_range<element_type> _Range>
291    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
292    constexpr explicit span(_Range&& __r) : __data{ranges::data(__r)} {
293      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(ranges::size(__r) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
294    }
295#endif
296
297    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
298    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
299        constexpr span(const span<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __other)
300        : __data{__other.data()} {}
301
302    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
303    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
304        constexpr explicit span(const span<_OtherElementType, dynamic_extent>& __other) noexcept
305        : __data{__other.data()} { _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Extent == __other.size(), "size mismatch in span's constructor (other span)"); }
306
307
308//  ~span() noexcept = default;
309
310    template <size_t _Count>
311    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
312    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> first() const noexcept
313    {
314        static_assert(_Count <= _Extent, "span<T, N>::first<Count>(): Count out of range");
315        return span<element_type, _Count>{data(), _Count};
316    }
317
318    template <size_t _Count>
319    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
320    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> last() const noexcept
321    {
322        static_assert(_Count <= _Extent, "span<T, N>::last<Count>(): Count out of range");
323        return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + size() - _Count, _Count};
324    }
325
326    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
327    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type __count) const noexcept
328    {
329        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "span<T, N>::first(count): count out of range");
330        return {data(), __count};
331    }
332
333    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
334    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last(size_type __count) const noexcept
335    {
336        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "span<T, N>::last(count): count out of range");
337        return {data() + size() - __count, __count};
338    }
339
340    template <size_t _Offset, size_t _Count = dynamic_extent>
341    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
342    constexpr auto subspan() const noexcept
343        -> span<element_type, _Count != dynamic_extent ? _Count : _Extent - _Offset>
344    {
345        static_assert(_Offset <= _Extent, "span<T, N>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset out of range");
346        static_assert(_Count == dynamic_extent || _Count <= _Extent - _Offset, "span<T, N>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset + Count out of range");
347
348        using _ReturnType = span<element_type, _Count != dynamic_extent ? _Count : _Extent - _Offset>;
349        return _ReturnType{data() + _Offset, _Count == dynamic_extent ? size() - _Offset : _Count};
350    }
351
352
353    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
354    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
355       subspan(size_type __offset, size_type __count = dynamic_extent) const noexcept
356    {
357        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__offset <= size(), "span<T, N>::subspan(offset, count): offset out of range");
358        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count  <= size() || __count == dynamic_extent, "span<T, N>::subspan(offset, count): count out of range");
359        if (__count == dynamic_extent)
360            return {data() + __offset, size() - __offset};
361        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size() - __offset, "span<T, N>::subspan(offset, count): offset + count out of range");
362        return {data() + __offset, __count};
363    }
364
365    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size()           const noexcept { return _Extent; }
366    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size_bytes()     const noexcept { return _Extent * sizeof(element_type); }
367    [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr bool empty() const noexcept { return _Extent == 0; }
368
369    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference operator[](size_type __idx) const noexcept
370    {
371        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__idx < size(), "span<T, N>::operator[](index): index out of range");
372        return __data[__idx];
373    }
374
375    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference front() const noexcept
376    {
377        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T, N>::front() on empty span");
378        return __data[0];
379    }
380
381    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference back() const noexcept
382    {
383        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T, N>::back() on empty span");
384        return __data[size()-1];
385    }
386
387    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr pointer data()                         const noexcept { return __data; }
388
389// [span.iter], span iterator support
390    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept {
391#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
392        return std::__make_bounded_iter(data(), data(), data() + size());
393#else
394        return iterator(this, data());
395#endif
396    }
397    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator end() const noexcept {
398#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
399        return std::__make_bounded_iter(data() + size(), data(), data() + size());
400#else
401        return iterator(this, data() + size());
402#endif
403    }
404    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator        rbegin() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
405    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator          rend() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
406
407    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<const byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)> __as_bytes() const noexcept
408    { return span<const byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)>{reinterpret_cast<const byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
409
410    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)> __as_writable_bytes() const noexcept
411    { return span<byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)>{reinterpret_cast<byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
412
413private:
414    pointer    __data;
415};
416
417
418template <typename _Tp>
419class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS span<_Tp, dynamic_extent> {
420public:
421//  constants and types
422    using element_type           = _Tp;
423    using value_type             = remove_cv_t<_Tp>;
424    using size_type              = size_t;
425    using difference_type        = ptrdiff_t;
426    using pointer                = _Tp *;
427    using const_pointer          = const _Tp *;
428    using reference              = _Tp &;
429    using const_reference        = const _Tp &;
430#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
431    using iterator               = __bounded_iter<pointer>;
432#else
433    using iterator               = __wrap_iter<pointer>;
434#endif
435    using reverse_iterator       = _VSTD::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
436
437    static constexpr size_type extent = dynamic_extent;
438
439// [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
440    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span() noexcept : __data{nullptr}, __size{0} {}
441
442    constexpr span           (const span&) noexcept = default;
443    constexpr span& operator=(const span&) noexcept = default;
444
445    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It>
446    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
447    constexpr span(_It __first, size_type __count)
448        : __data{_VSTD::to_address(__first)}, __size{__count} {}
449
450    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It, __span_compatible_sentinel_for<_It> _End>
451    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
452    constexpr span(_It __first, _End __last)
453        : __data(_VSTD::to_address(__first)), __size(__last - __first) {}
454
455    template <size_t _Sz>
456    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
457    constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&__arr)[_Sz]) noexcept : __data{__arr}, __size{_Sz} {}
458
459    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType, size_t _Sz>
460    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
461    constexpr span(array<_OtherElementType, _Sz>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()}, __size{_Sz} {}
462
463    template <class _OtherElementType, size_t _Sz>
464        requires __span_array_convertible<const _OtherElementType, element_type>
465    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
466    constexpr span(const array<_OtherElementType, _Sz>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()}, __size{_Sz} {}
467
468#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
469    template <class _Container>
470        requires __span_compatible_range<_Container, element_type>
471    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
472    constexpr span(_Container& __c) : __data(std::data(__c)), __size{std::size(__c)} {}
473    template <class _Container>
474        requires __span_compatible_range<const _Container, element_type>
475    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
476    constexpr span(const _Container& __c) : __data(std::data(__c)), __size{std::size(__c)} {}
477#else
478    template <__span_compatible_range<element_type> _Range>
479    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
480    constexpr span(_Range&& __r) : __data(ranges::data(__r)), __size{ranges::size(__r)} {}
481#endif
482
483    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType, size_t _OtherExtent>
484    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
485        constexpr span(const span<_OtherElementType, _OtherExtent>& __other)  noexcept
486        : __data{__other.data()}, __size{__other.size()} {}
487
488//    ~span() noexcept = default;
489
490    template <size_t _Count>
491    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
492    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> first() const noexcept
493    {
494        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Count <= size(), "span<T>::first<Count>(): Count out of range");
495        return span<element_type, _Count>{data(), _Count};
496    }
497
498    template <size_t _Count>
499    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
500    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> last() const noexcept
501    {
502        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Count <= size(), "span<T>::last<Count>(): Count out of range");
503        return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + size() - _Count, _Count};
504    }
505
506    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
507    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type __count) const noexcept
508    {
509        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "span<T>::first(count): count out of range");
510        return {data(), __count};
511    }
512
513    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
514    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last (size_type __count) const noexcept
515    {
516        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "span<T>::last(count): count out of range");
517        return {data() + size() - __count, __count};
518    }
519
520    template <size_t _Offset, size_t _Count = dynamic_extent>
521    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
522    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> subspan() const noexcept
523    {
524        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Offset <= size(), "span<T>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset out of range");
525        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Count == dynamic_extent || _Count <= size() - _Offset, "span<T>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset + Count out of range");
526        return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + _Offset, _Count == dynamic_extent ? size() - _Offset : _Count};
527    }
528
529    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
530    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
531    subspan(size_type __offset, size_type __count = dynamic_extent) const noexcept
532    {
533        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__offset <= size(), "span<T>::subspan(offset, count): offset out of range");
534        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size() || __count == dynamic_extent, "span<T>::subspan(offset, count): count out of range");
535        if (__count == dynamic_extent)
536            return {data() + __offset, size() - __offset};
537        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size() - __offset, "span<T>::subspan(offset, count): offset + count out of range");
538        return {data() + __offset, __count};
539    }
540
541    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size()           const noexcept { return __size; }
542    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size_bytes()     const noexcept { return __size * sizeof(element_type); }
543    [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr bool empty() const noexcept { return __size == 0; }
544
545    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference operator[](size_type __idx) const noexcept
546    {
547        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__idx < size(), "span<T>::operator[](index): index out of range");
548        return __data[__idx];
549    }
550
551    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference front() const noexcept
552    {
553        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T>::front() on empty span");
554        return __data[0];
555    }
556
557    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference back() const noexcept
558    {
559        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T>::back() on empty span");
560        return __data[size()-1];
561    }
562
563
564    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr pointer data()                         const noexcept { return __data; }
565
566// [span.iter], span iterator support
567    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept {
568#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
569        return std::__make_bounded_iter(data(), data(), data() + size());
570#else
571        return iterator(this, data());
572#endif
573    }
574    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator end() const noexcept {
575#ifdef _LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE
576        return std::__make_bounded_iter(data() + size(), data(), data() + size());
577#else
578        return iterator(this, data() + size());
579#endif
580    }
581    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator        rbegin() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
582    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator          rend() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
583
584    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<const byte, dynamic_extent> __as_bytes() const noexcept
585    { return {reinterpret_cast<const byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
586
587    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<byte, dynamic_extent> __as_writable_bytes() const noexcept
588    { return {reinterpret_cast<byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
589
590private:
591    pointer   __data;
592    size_type __size;
593};
594
595template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent>
596inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_borrowed_range<span<_Tp, _Extent> > = true;
597
598template <class _ElementType, size_t _Extent>
599inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_view<span<_ElementType, _Extent>> = true;
600
601//  as_bytes & as_writable_bytes
602template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent>
603_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
604auto as_bytes(span<_Tp, _Extent> __s) noexcept
605{ return __s.__as_bytes(); }
606
607template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent> requires(!is_const_v<_Tp>)
608_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
609auto as_writable_bytes(span<_Tp, _Extent> __s) noexcept
610{ return __s.__as_writable_bytes(); }
611
612#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
613template<contiguous_iterator _It, class _EndOrSize>
614    span(_It, _EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>>;
615#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
616
617template<class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
618    span(_Tp (&)[_Sz]) -> span<_Tp, _Sz>;
619
620template<class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
621    span(array<_Tp, _Sz>&) -> span<_Tp, _Sz>;
622
623template<class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
624    span(const array<_Tp, _Sz>&) -> span<const _Tp, _Sz>;
625
626#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
627template<class _Container>
628    span(_Container&) -> span<typename _Container::value_type>;
629
630template<class _Container>
631    span(const _Container&) -> span<const typename _Container::value_type>;
632#else
633template<ranges::contiguous_range _Range>
634    span(_Range&&) -> span<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>>;
635#endif
636
637#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
638
639_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
640
641_LIBCPP_POP_MACROS
642
643#endif // _LIBCPP_SPAN
644