xref: /llvm-project-15.0.7/libcxx/include/span (revision 5bcda1d3)
1// -*- C++ -*-
2//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3//
4// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
5// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
6// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7//
8//===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9
10#ifndef _LIBCPP_SPAN
11#define _LIBCPP_SPAN
12
13/*
14    span synopsis
15
16namespace std {
17
18// constants
19inline constexpr size_t dynamic_extent = numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
20
21// [views.span], class template span
22template <class ElementType, size_t Extent = dynamic_extent>
23    class span;
24
25template<class ElementType, size_t Extent>
26  inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_view<span<ElementType, Extent>> = true;
27
28template<class ElementType, size_t Extent>
29    inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_borrowed_range<span<ElementType, Extent>> = true;
30
31// [span.objectrep], views of object representation
32template <class ElementType, size_t Extent>
33    span<const byte, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent :
34        (sizeof(ElementType) * Extent))> as_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept;
35
36template <class ElementType, size_t Extent>
37    span<      byte, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent :
38        (sizeof(ElementType) * Extent))> as_writable_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept;
39
40
41template <class ElementType, size_t Extent = dynamic_extent>
42class span {
43public:
44    // constants and types
45    using element_type = ElementType;
46    using value_type = remove_cv_t<ElementType>;
47    using size_type = size_t;
48    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
49    using pointer = element_type*;
50    using const_pointer = const element_type*;
51    using reference = element_type&;
52    using const_reference = const element_type&;
53    using iterator = implementation-defined;
54    using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
55    static constexpr size_type extent = Extent;
56
57    // [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
58    constexpr span() noexcept;
59    template <class It>
60    constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(It first, size_type count);
61    template <class It, class End>
62    constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(It first, End last);
63    template <size_t N>
64        constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&arr)[N]) noexcept;
65    template <size_t N>
66        constexpr span(array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept;
67    template <size_t N>
68        constexpr span(const array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept;
69    template<class R>
70      constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(R&& r);
71    constexpr span(const span& other) noexcept = default;
72    template <class OtherElementType, size_t OtherExtent>
73        constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(const span<OtherElementType, OtherExtent>& s) noexcept;
74    ~span() noexcept = default;
75    constexpr span& operator=(const span& other) noexcept = default;
76
77    // [span.sub], span subviews
78    template <size_t Count>
79        constexpr span<element_type, Count> first() const;
80    template <size_t Count>
81        constexpr span<element_type, Count> last() const;
82    template <size_t Offset, size_t Count = dynamic_extent>
83        constexpr span<element_type, see below> subspan() const;
84
85    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type count) const;
86    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last(size_type count) const;
87    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> subspan(size_type offset, size_type count = dynamic_extent) const;
88
89    // [span.obs], span observers
90    constexpr size_type size() const noexcept;
91    constexpr size_type size_bytes() const noexcept;
92    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool empty() const noexcept;
93
94    // [span.elem], span element access
95    constexpr reference operator[](size_type idx) const;
96    constexpr reference front() const;
97    constexpr reference back() const;
98    constexpr pointer data() const noexcept;
99
100    // [span.iterators], span iterator support
101    constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept;
102    constexpr iterator end() const noexcept;
103    constexpr reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept;
104    constexpr reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept;
105
106private:
107    pointer data_;    // exposition only
108    size_type size_;  // exposition only
109};
110
111template<class It, class EndOrSize>
112    span(It, EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>>;
113
114template<class T, size_t N>
115    span(T (&)[N]) -> span<T, N>;
116
117template<class T, size_t N>
118    span(array<T, N>&) -> span<T, N>;
119
120template<class T, size_t N>
121    span(const array<T, N>&) -> span<const T, N>;
122
123template<class R>
124    span(R&&) -> span<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<R>>>;
125
126} // namespace std
127
128*/
129
130#include <__assert> // all public C++ headers provide the assertion handler
131#include <__config>
132#include <__debug>
133#include <__fwd/span.h>
134#include <__iterator/concepts.h>
135#include <__iterator/data.h>
136#include <__iterator/iterator_traits.h>
137#include <__iterator/size.h>
138#include <__iterator/wrap_iter.h>
139#include <__memory/pointer_traits.h>
140#include <__ranges/concepts.h>
141#include <__ranges/data.h>
142#include <__ranges/enable_borrowed_range.h>
143#include <__ranges/enable_view.h>
144#include <__ranges/size.h>
145#include <__utility/forward.h>
146#include <array>        // for array
147#include <cstddef>      // for byte
148#include <limits>
149#include <type_traits>  // for remove_cv, etc
150#include <version>
151
152#if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
153#  pragma GCC system_header
154#endif
155
156_LIBCPP_PUSH_MACROS
157#include <__undef_macros>
158
159_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
160
161#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
162
163template <class _Tp>
164struct __is_std_array : false_type {};
165
166template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
167struct __is_std_array<array<_Tp, _Sz>> : true_type {};
168
169template <class _Tp>
170struct __is_std_span : false_type {};
171
172template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
173struct __is_std_span<span<_Tp, _Sz>> : true_type {};
174
175#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
176// This is a temporary workaround until we ship <ranges> -- we've unfortunately been
177// shipping <span> before its API was finalized, and we used to provide a constructor
178// from container types that had the requirements below. To avoid breaking code that
179// has started relying on the range-based constructor until we ship all of <ranges>,
180// we emulate the constructor requirements like this.
181template <class _Range, class _ElementType>
182concept __span_compatible_range =
183  !__is_std_span<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value  &&
184  !__is_std_array<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value &&
185  !is_array_v<remove_cvref_t<_Range>> &&
186  requires (_Range&& __r) {
187      data(std::forward<_Range>(__r));
188      size(std::forward<_Range>(__r));
189  } &&
190  is_convertible_v<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>(*)[], _ElementType(*)[]>;
191#else
192template <class _Range, class _ElementType>
193concept __span_compatible_range =
194  ranges::contiguous_range<_Range> &&
195  ranges::sized_range<_Range> &&
196  (ranges::borrowed_range<_Range> || is_const_v<_ElementType>) &&
197  !__is_std_span<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value  &&
198  !__is_std_array<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value &&
199  !is_array_v<remove_cvref_t<_Range>> &&
200  is_convertible_v<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>(*)[], _ElementType(*)[]>;
201#endif // !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
202
203template <class _From, class _To>
204concept __span_array_convertible = is_convertible_v<_From(*)[], _To(*)[]>;
205
206template <class _It, class _Tp>
207concept __span_compatible_iterator = contiguous_iterator<_It> && __span_array_convertible<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>, _Tp>;
208
209template <class _Sentinel, class _It>
210concept __span_compatible_sentinel_for = sized_sentinel_for<_Sentinel, _It> && !is_convertible_v<_Sentinel, size_t>;
211
212#if defined(_LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE) || defined(_LIBCPP_ABI_SPAN_POINTER_ITERATORS)
213#   define _LIBCPP_SPAN_USE_POINTER_ITERATOR
214#endif
215
216template <typename _Tp, size_t _Extent>
217class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS span {
218public:
219//  constants and types
220    using element_type           = _Tp;
221    using value_type             = remove_cv_t<_Tp>;
222    using size_type              = size_t;
223    using difference_type        = ptrdiff_t;
224    using pointer                = _Tp *;
225    using const_pointer          = const _Tp *;
226    using reference              = _Tp &;
227    using const_reference        = const _Tp &;
228#ifdef _LIBCPP_SPAN_USE_POINTER_ITERATOR
229    using iterator               = pointer;
230#else
231    using iterator               = __wrap_iter<pointer>;
232#endif
233    using reverse_iterator       = _VSTD::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
234
235    static constexpr size_type extent = _Extent;
236
237// [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
238    template <size_t _Sz = _Extent> requires(_Sz == 0)
239    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span() noexcept : __data{nullptr} {}
240
241    constexpr span           (const span&) noexcept = default;
242    constexpr span& operator=(const span&) noexcept = default;
243
244    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It>
245    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
246    constexpr explicit span(_It __first, size_type __count)
247        : __data{_VSTD::to_address(__first)} {
248      (void)__count;
249      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Extent == __count, "size mismatch in span's constructor (iterator, len)");
250    }
251
252    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It, __span_compatible_sentinel_for<_It> _End>
253    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
254    constexpr explicit span(_It __first, _End __last) : __data{_VSTD::to_address(__first)} {
255      (void)__last;
256      _LIBCPP_ASSERT((__last - __first >= 0), "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel)");
257      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__last - __first == _Extent,
258                     "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel): last - first != extent");
259    }
260
261    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&__arr)[_Extent]) noexcept : __data{__arr} {}
262
263    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
264    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
265    constexpr span(array<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()} {}
266
267    template <class _OtherElementType>
268        requires __span_array_convertible<const _OtherElementType, element_type>
269    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
270    constexpr span(const array<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()} {}
271
272#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
273    template <class _Container>
274        requires __span_compatible_range<_Container, element_type>
275    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
276    constexpr explicit span(_Container& __c) : __data{std::data(__c)} {
277      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(std::size(__c) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
278    }
279    template <class _Container>
280        requires __span_compatible_range<const _Container, element_type>
281    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
282    constexpr explicit span(const _Container& __c) : __data{std::data(__c)} {
283      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(std::size(__c) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
284    }
285#else
286    template <__span_compatible_range<element_type> _Range>
287    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
288    constexpr explicit span(_Range&& __r) : __data{ranges::data(__r)} {
289      _LIBCPP_ASSERT(ranges::size(__r) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
290    }
291#endif
292
293    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
294    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
295        constexpr span(const span<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __other)
296        : __data{__other.data()} {}
297
298    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
299    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
300        constexpr explicit span(const span<_OtherElementType, dynamic_extent>& __other) noexcept
301        : __data{__other.data()} { _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Extent == __other.size(), "size mismatch in span's constructor (other span)"); }
302
303
304//  ~span() noexcept = default;
305
306    template <size_t _Count>
307    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
308    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> first() const noexcept
309    {
310        static_assert(_Count <= _Extent, "Count out of range in span::first()");
311        return span<element_type, _Count>{data(), _Count};
312    }
313
314    template <size_t _Count>
315    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
316    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> last() const noexcept
317    {
318        static_assert(_Count <= _Extent, "Count out of range in span::last()");
319        return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + size() - _Count, _Count};
320    }
321
322    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
323    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type __count) const noexcept
324    {
325        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "Count out of range in span::first(count)");
326        return {data(), __count};
327    }
328
329    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
330    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last(size_type __count) const noexcept
331    {
332        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "Count out of range in span::last(count)");
333        return {data() + size() - __count, __count};
334    }
335
336    template <size_t _Offset, size_t _Count = dynamic_extent>
337    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
338    constexpr auto subspan() const noexcept
339        -> span<element_type, _Count != dynamic_extent ? _Count : _Extent - _Offset>
340    {
341        static_assert(_Offset <= _Extent, "Offset out of range in span::subspan()");
342        static_assert(_Count == dynamic_extent || _Count <= _Extent - _Offset, "Offset + count out of range in span::subspan()");
343
344        using _ReturnType = span<element_type, _Count != dynamic_extent ? _Count : _Extent - _Offset>;
345        return _ReturnType{data() + _Offset, _Count == dynamic_extent ? size() - _Offset : _Count};
346    }
347
348
349    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
350    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
351       subspan(size_type __offset, size_type __count = dynamic_extent) const noexcept
352    {
353        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__offset <= size(), "Offset out of range in span::subspan(offset, count)");
354        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count  <= size() || __count == dynamic_extent, "Count out of range in span::subspan(offset, count)");
355        if (__count == dynamic_extent)
356            return {data() + __offset, size() - __offset};
357        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size() - __offset, "Offset + count out of range in span::subspan(offset, count)");
358        return {data() + __offset, __count};
359    }
360
361    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size()           const noexcept { return _Extent; }
362    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size_bytes()     const noexcept { return _Extent * sizeof(element_type); }
363    [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr bool empty() const noexcept { return _Extent == 0; }
364
365    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference operator[](size_type __idx) const noexcept
366    {
367        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__idx < size(), "span<T,N>[] index out of bounds");
368        return __data[__idx];
369    }
370
371    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference front() const noexcept
372    {
373        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T, N>::front() on empty span");
374        return __data[0];
375    }
376
377    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference back() const noexcept
378    {
379        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T, N>::back() on empty span");
380        return __data[size()-1];
381    }
382
383    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr pointer data()                         const noexcept { return __data; }
384
385// [span.iter], span iterator support
386    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept {
387#ifdef _LIBCPP_SPAN_USE_POINTER_ITERATOR
388        return iterator(data());
389#else
390        return iterator(this, data());
391#endif
392    }
393    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator end() const noexcept {
394#ifdef _LIBCPP_SPAN_USE_POINTER_ITERATOR
395        return iterator(data() + size());
396#else
397        return iterator(this, data() + size());
398#endif
399    }
400    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator        rbegin() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
401    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator          rend() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
402
403    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<const byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)> __as_bytes() const noexcept
404    { return span<const byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)>{reinterpret_cast<const byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
405
406    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)> __as_writable_bytes() const noexcept
407    { return span<byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)>{reinterpret_cast<byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
408
409private:
410    pointer    __data;
411};
412
413
414template <typename _Tp>
415class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS span<_Tp, dynamic_extent> {
416public:
417//  constants and types
418    using element_type           = _Tp;
419    using value_type             = remove_cv_t<_Tp>;
420    using size_type              = size_t;
421    using difference_type        = ptrdiff_t;
422    using pointer                = _Tp *;
423    using const_pointer          = const _Tp *;
424    using reference              = _Tp &;
425    using const_reference        = const _Tp &;
426#ifdef _LIBCPP_SPAN_USE_POINTER_ITERATOR
427    using iterator               = pointer;
428#else
429    using iterator               = __wrap_iter<pointer>;
430#endif
431    using reverse_iterator       = _VSTD::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
432
433    static constexpr size_type extent = dynamic_extent;
434
435// [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
436    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr span() noexcept : __data{nullptr}, __size{0} {}
437
438    constexpr span           (const span&) noexcept = default;
439    constexpr span& operator=(const span&) noexcept = default;
440
441    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It>
442    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
443    constexpr span(_It __first, size_type __count)
444        : __data{_VSTD::to_address(__first)}, __size{__count} {}
445
446    template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It, __span_compatible_sentinel_for<_It> _End>
447    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
448    constexpr span(_It __first, _End __last)
449        : __data(_VSTD::to_address(__first)), __size(__last - __first) {}
450
451    template <size_t _Sz>
452    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
453    constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&__arr)[_Sz]) noexcept : __data{__arr}, __size{_Sz} {}
454
455    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType, size_t _Sz>
456    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
457    constexpr span(array<_OtherElementType, _Sz>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()}, __size{_Sz} {}
458
459    template <class _OtherElementType, size_t _Sz>
460        requires __span_array_convertible<const _OtherElementType, element_type>
461    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
462    constexpr span(const array<_OtherElementType, _Sz>& __arr) noexcept : __data{__arr.data()}, __size{_Sz} {}
463
464#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
465    template <class _Container>
466        requires __span_compatible_range<_Container, element_type>
467    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
468    constexpr span(_Container& __c) : __data(std::data(__c)), __size{std::size(__c)} {}
469    template <class _Container>
470        requires __span_compatible_range<const _Container, element_type>
471    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
472    constexpr span(const _Container& __c) : __data(std::data(__c)), __size{std::size(__c)} {}
473#else
474    template <__span_compatible_range<element_type> _Range>
475    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
476    constexpr span(_Range&& __r) : __data(ranges::data(__r)), __size{ranges::size(__r)} {}
477#endif
478
479    template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType, size_t _OtherExtent>
480    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
481        constexpr span(const span<_OtherElementType, _OtherExtent>& __other)  noexcept
482        : __data{__other.data()}, __size{__other.size()} {}
483
484//    ~span() noexcept = default;
485
486    template <size_t _Count>
487    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
488    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> first() const noexcept
489    {
490        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Count <= size(), "Count out of range in span::first()");
491        return span<element_type, _Count>{data(), _Count};
492    }
493
494    template <size_t _Count>
495    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
496    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> last() const noexcept
497    {
498        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Count <= size(), "Count out of range in span::last()");
499        return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + size() - _Count, _Count};
500    }
501
502    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
503    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type __count) const noexcept
504    {
505        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "Count out of range in span::first(count)");
506        return {data(), __count};
507    }
508
509    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
510    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last (size_type __count) const noexcept
511    {
512        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size(), "Count out of range in span::last(count)");
513        return {data() + size() - __count, __count};
514    }
515
516    template <size_t _Offset, size_t _Count = dynamic_extent>
517    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
518    constexpr span<element_type, _Count> subspan() const noexcept
519    {
520        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Offset <= size(), "Offset out of range in span::subspan()");
521        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Count == dynamic_extent || _Count <= size() - _Offset, "Offset + count out of range in span::subspan()");
522        return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + _Offset, _Count == dynamic_extent ? size() - _Offset : _Count};
523    }
524
525    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
526    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
527    subspan(size_type __offset, size_type __count = dynamic_extent) const noexcept
528    {
529        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__offset <= size(), "Offset out of range in span::subspan(offset, count)");
530        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count  <= size() || __count == dynamic_extent, "count out of range in span::subspan(offset, count)");
531        if (__count == dynamic_extent)
532            return {data() + __offset, size() - __offset};
533        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__count <= size() - __offset, "Offset + count out of range in span::subspan(offset, count)");
534        return {data() + __offset, __count};
535    }
536
537    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size()           const noexcept { return __size; }
538    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr size_type size_bytes()     const noexcept { return __size * sizeof(element_type); }
539    [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr bool empty() const noexcept { return __size == 0; }
540
541    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference operator[](size_type __idx) const noexcept
542    {
543        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__idx < size(), "span<T>[] index out of bounds");
544        return __data[__idx];
545    }
546
547    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference front() const noexcept
548    {
549        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T>[].front() on empty span");
550        return __data[0];
551    }
552
553    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reference back() const noexcept
554    {
555        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(!empty(), "span<T>[].back() on empty span");
556        return __data[size()-1];
557    }
558
559
560    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr pointer data()                         const noexcept { return __data; }
561
562// [span.iter], span iterator support
563    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept {
564#ifdef _LIBCPP_SPAN_USE_POINTER_ITERATOR
565        return iterator(data());
566#else
567        return iterator(this, data());
568#endif
569    }
570    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr iterator end() const noexcept {
571#ifdef _LIBCPP_SPAN_USE_POINTER_ITERATOR
572        return iterator(data() + size());
573#else
574        return iterator(this, data() + size());
575#endif
576    }
577    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator        rbegin() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
578    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY constexpr reverse_iterator          rend() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
579
580    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<const byte, dynamic_extent> __as_bytes() const noexcept
581    { return {reinterpret_cast<const byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
582
583    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY span<byte, dynamic_extent> __as_writable_bytes() const noexcept
584    { return {reinterpret_cast<byte *>(data()), size_bytes()}; }
585
586private:
587    pointer   __data;
588    size_type __size;
589};
590
591template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent>
592inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_borrowed_range<span<_Tp, _Extent> > = true;
593
594template <class _ElementType, size_t _Extent>
595inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_view<span<_ElementType, _Extent>> = true;
596
597//  as_bytes & as_writable_bytes
598template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent>
599_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
600auto as_bytes(span<_Tp, _Extent> __s) noexcept
601{ return __s.__as_bytes(); }
602
603template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent> requires(!is_const_v<_Tp>)
604_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
605auto as_writable_bytes(span<_Tp, _Extent> __s) noexcept
606{ return __s.__as_writable_bytes(); }
607
608#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
609template<contiguous_iterator _It, class _EndOrSize>
610    span(_It, _EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>>;
611#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
612
613template<class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
614    span(_Tp (&)[_Sz]) -> span<_Tp, _Sz>;
615
616template<class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
617    span(array<_Tp, _Sz>&) -> span<_Tp, _Sz>;
618
619template<class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
620    span(const array<_Tp, _Sz>&) -> span<const _Tp, _Sz>;
621
622#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_INCOMPLETE_RANGES)
623template<class _Container>
624    span(_Container&) -> span<typename _Container::value_type>;
625
626template<class _Container>
627    span(const _Container&) -> span<const typename _Container::value_type>;
628#else
629template<ranges::contiguous_range _Range>
630    span(_Range&&) -> span<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>>;
631#endif
632
633#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
634
635_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
636
637_LIBCPP_POP_MACROS
638
639#endif // _LIBCPP_SPAN
640