1 //===-- Implementation of crt for x86_64 ----------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #include "config/linux/app.h"
10 #include "src/__support/OSUtil/syscall.h"
11 #include "src/string/memcpy.h"
12 
13 #include <asm/prctl.h>
14 #include <linux/auxvec.h>
15 #include <linux/elf.h>
16 #include <stdint.h>
17 #include <sys/mman.h>
18 #include <sys/syscall.h>
19 
20 extern "C" int main(int, char **, char **);
21 
22 namespace __llvm_libc {
23 
24 #ifdef SYS_mmap2
25 static constexpr long mmapSyscallNumber = SYS_mmap2;
26 #elif SYS_mmap
27 static constexpr long mmapSyscallNumber = SYS_mmap;
28 #else
29 #error "Target platform does not have SYS_mmap or SYS_mmap2 defined"
30 #endif
31 
32 AppProperties app;
33 
34 // TODO: The function is x86_64 specific. Move it to config/linux/app.h
35 // and generalize it. Also, dynamic loading is not handled currently.
36 void initTLS() {
37   if (app.tls.size == 0)
38     return;
39 
40   // We will assume the alignment is always a power of two.
41   uintptr_t tlsSize = (app.tls.size + app.tls.align) & -app.tls.align;
42 
43   // Per the x86_64 TLS ABI, the entry pointed to by the thread pointer is the
44   // address of the TLS block. So, we add more size to accomodate this address
45   // entry.
46   size_t tlsSizeWithAddr = tlsSize + sizeof(uintptr_t);
47 
48   // We cannot call the mmap function here as the functions set errno on
49   // failure. Since errno is implemented via a thread local variable, we cannot
50   // use errno before TLS is setup.
51   long mmapRetVal = __llvm_libc::syscall(
52       mmapSyscallNumber, nullptr, tlsSizeWithAddr, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
53       MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
54   // We cannot check the return value with MAP_FAILED as that is the return
55   // of the mmap function and not the mmap syscall.
56   if (mmapRetVal < 0 && static_cast<uintptr_t>(mmapRetVal) > -app.pageSize)
57     __llvm_libc::syscall(SYS_exit, 1);
58   uintptr_t *tlsAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(mmapRetVal);
59 
60   // x86_64 TLS faces down from the thread pointer with the first entry
61   // pointing to the address of the first real TLS byte.
62   uintptr_t endPtr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(tlsAddr) + tlsSize;
63   *reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(endPtr) = endPtr;
64 
65   __llvm_libc::memcpy(tlsAddr, reinterpret_cast<const void *>(app.tls.address),
66                       app.tls.size);
67   if (__llvm_libc::syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_SET_FS, endPtr) == -1)
68     __llvm_libc::syscall(SYS_exit, 1);
69 }
70 
71 } // namespace __llvm_libc
72 
73 using __llvm_libc::app;
74 
75 struct Args {
76   // At the language level, argc is an int. But we use uint64_t as the x86_64
77   // ABI specifies it as an 8 byte value.
78   uint64_t argc;
79 
80   // At the language level, argv is a char** value. However, we use uint64_t as
81   // the x86_64 ABI specifies the argv vector be an |argc| long array of 8-byte
82   // values. Even though a flexible length array would be more suitable here, we
83   // set the array length to 1 to avoid a compiler warning about it being a C99
84   // extension. Length of 1 is not really wrong as |argc| is guaranteed to be
85   // atleast 1, and there is an 8-byte null entry at the end of the argv array.
86   uint64_t argv[1];
87 };
88 
89 // TODO: Would be nice to use the aux entry structure from elf.h when available.
90 struct AuxEntry {
91   uint64_t type;
92   uint64_t value;
93 };
94 
95 extern "C" void _start() {
96   uintptr_t *frame_ptr =
97       reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(__builtin_frame_address(0));
98 
99   // This TU is compiled with -fno-omit-frame-pointer. Hence, the previous value
100   // of the base pointer is pushed on to the stack. So, we step over it (the
101   // "+ 1" below) to get to the args.
102   Args *args = reinterpret_cast<Args *>(frame_ptr + 1);
103 
104   // After the argv array, is a 8-byte long NULL value before the array of env
105   // values. The end of the env values is marked by another 8-byte long NULL
106   // value. We step over it (the "+ 1" below) to get to the env values.
107   uint64_t *env_ptr = args->argv + args->argc + 1;
108   uint64_t *env_end_marker = env_ptr;
109   app.envPtr = env_ptr;
110   while (*env_end_marker)
111     ++env_end_marker;
112 
113   // After the env array, is the aux-vector. The end of the aux-vector is
114   // denoted by an AT_NULL entry.
115   Elf64_Phdr *programHdrTable = nullptr;
116   uintptr_t programHdrCount;
117   for (AuxEntry *aux_entry = reinterpret_cast<AuxEntry *>(env_end_marker + 1);
118        aux_entry->type != AT_NULL; ++aux_entry) {
119     switch (aux_entry->type) {
120     case AT_PHDR:
121       programHdrTable = reinterpret_cast<Elf64_Phdr *>(aux_entry->value);
122       break;
123     case AT_PHNUM:
124       programHdrCount = aux_entry->value;
125       break;
126     case AT_PAGESZ:
127       app.pageSize = aux_entry->value;
128       break;
129     default:
130       break; // TODO: Read other useful entries from the aux vector.
131     }
132   }
133 
134   for (uintptr_t i = 0; i < programHdrCount; ++i) {
135     Elf64_Phdr *phdr = programHdrTable + i;
136     if (phdr->p_type != PT_TLS)
137       continue;
138     // TODO: p_vaddr value has to be adjusted for static-pie executables.
139     app.tls.address = phdr->p_vaddr;
140     app.tls.size = phdr->p_memsz;
141     app.tls.align = phdr->p_align;
142   }
143 
144   __llvm_libc::initTLS();
145 
146   __llvm_libc::syscall(SYS_exit,
147                        main(args->argc, reinterpret_cast<char **>(args->argv),
148                             reinterpret_cast<char **>(env_ptr)));
149 }
150