1 //===-- Implementation of crt for x86_64 ----------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #include "config/linux/app.h"
10 #include "include/sys/mman.h"
11 #include "include/sys/syscall.h"
12 #include "src/__support/OSUtil/syscall.h"
13 #include "src/string/memcpy.h"
14 
15 #include <asm/prctl.h>
16 #include <linux/auxvec.h>
17 #include <linux/elf.h>
18 #include <stdint.h>
19 
20 extern "C" int main(int, char **, char **);
21 
22 namespace __llvm_libc {
23 
24 #ifdef SYS_mmap2
25 static constexpr long mmapSyscallNumber = SYS_mmap2;
26 #elif SYS_mmap
27 static constexpr long mmapSyscallNumber = SYS_mmap;
28 #else
29 #error "Target platform does not have SYS_mmap or SYS_mmap2 defined"
30 #endif
31 
32 // TODO: Declare var an extern var in config/linux/app.h so that other
33 // libc functions can make use of the application wide information. For
34 // example, mmap can pick up the page size from here.
35 AppProperties app;
36 
37 // TODO: The function is x86_64 specific. Move it to config/linux/app.h
38 // and generalize it. Also, dynamic loading is not handled currently.
39 void initTLS() {
40   if (app.tls.size == 0)
41     return;
42 
43   // We will assume the alignment is always a power of two.
44   uintptr_t tlsSize = (app.tls.size + app.tls.align) & -app.tls.align;
45 
46   // Per the x86_64 TLS ABI, the entry pointed to by the thread pointer is the
47   // address of the TLS block. So, we add more size to accomodate this address
48   // entry.
49   size_t tlsSizeWithAddr = tlsSize + sizeof(uintptr_t);
50 
51   // We cannot call the mmap function here as the functions set errno on
52   // failure. Since errno is implemented via a thread local variable, we cannot
53   // use errno before TLS is setup.
54   long mmapRetVal = __llvm_libc::syscall(
55       mmapSyscallNumber, nullptr, tlsSizeWithAddr, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
56       MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
57   // We cannot check the return value with MAP_FAILED as that is the return
58   // of the mmap function and not the mmap syscall.
59   if (mmapRetVal < 0 && static_cast<uintptr_t>(mmapRetVal) > -app.pageSize)
60     __llvm_libc::syscall(SYS_exit, 1);
61   uintptr_t *tlsAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(mmapRetVal);
62 
63   // x86_64 TLS faces down from the thread pointer with the first entry
64   // pointing to the address of the first real TLS byte.
65   uintptr_t endPtr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(tlsAddr) + tlsSize;
66   *reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(endPtr) = endPtr;
67 
68   __llvm_libc::memcpy(tlsAddr, reinterpret_cast<const void *>(app.tls.address),
69                       app.tls.size);
70   if (__llvm_libc::syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_SET_FS, endPtr) == -1)
71     __llvm_libc::syscall(SYS_exit, 1);
72 }
73 
74 } // namespace __llvm_libc
75 
76 using __llvm_libc::app;
77 
78 struct Args {
79   // At the language level, argc is an int. But we use uint64_t as the x86_64
80   // ABI specifies it as an 8 byte value.
81   uint64_t argc;
82 
83   // At the language level, argv is a char** value. However, we use uint64_t as
84   // the x86_64 ABI specifies the argv vector be an |argc| long array of 8-byte
85   // values. Even though a flexible length array would be more suitable here, we
86   // set the array length to 1 to avoid a compiler warning about it being a C99
87   // extension. Length of 1 is not really wrong as |argc| is guaranteed to be
88   // atleast 1, and there is an 8-byte null entry at the end of the argv array.
89   uint64_t argv[1];
90 };
91 
92 // TODO: Would be nice to use the aux entry structure from elf.h when available.
93 struct AuxEntry {
94   uint64_t type;
95   uint64_t value;
96 };
97 
98 extern "C" void _start() {
99   uintptr_t *frame_ptr =
100       reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t *>(__builtin_frame_address(0));
101 
102   // This TU is compiled with -fno-omit-frame-pointer. Hence, the previous value
103   // of the base pointer is pushed on to the stack. So, we step over it (the
104   // "+ 1" below) to get to the args.
105   Args *args = reinterpret_cast<Args *>(frame_ptr + 1);
106 
107   // After the argv array, is a 8-byte long NULL value before the array of env
108   // values. The end of the env values is marked by another 8-byte long NULL
109   // value. We step over it (the "+ 1" below) to get to the env values.
110   uint64_t *env_ptr = args->argv + args->argc + 1;
111   uint64_t *env_end_marker = env_ptr;
112   while (*env_end_marker)
113     ++env_end_marker;
114 
115   // After the env array, is the aux-vector. The end of the aux-vector is
116   // denoted by an AT_NULL entry.
117   Elf64_Phdr *programHdrTable = nullptr;
118   uintptr_t programHdrCount;
119   for (AuxEntry *aux_entry = reinterpret_cast<AuxEntry *>(env_end_marker + 1);
120        aux_entry->type != AT_NULL; ++aux_entry) {
121     switch (aux_entry->type) {
122     case AT_PHDR:
123       programHdrTable = reinterpret_cast<Elf64_Phdr *>(aux_entry->value);
124       break;
125     case AT_PHNUM:
126       programHdrCount = aux_entry->value;
127       break;
128     case AT_PAGESZ:
129       app.pageSize = aux_entry->value;
130       break;
131     default:
132       break; // TODO: Read other useful entries from the aux vector.
133     }
134   }
135 
136   for (uintptr_t i = 0; i < programHdrCount; ++i) {
137     Elf64_Phdr *phdr = programHdrTable + i;
138     if (phdr->p_type != PT_TLS)
139       continue;
140     // TODO: p_vaddr value has to be adjusted for static-pie executables.
141     app.tls.address = phdr->p_vaddr;
142     app.tls.size = phdr->p_memsz;
143     app.tls.align = phdr->p_align;
144   }
145 
146   __llvm_libc::initTLS();
147 
148   __llvm_libc::syscall(SYS_exit,
149                        main(args->argc, reinterpret_cast<char **>(args->argv),
150                             reinterpret_cast<char **>(env_ptr)));
151 }
152