1 //===- elfnix_platform.cpp ------------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // This file contains code required to load the rest of the ELF-on-*IX runtime.
10 //
11 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
12 
13 #include "elfnix_platform.h"
14 #include "common.h"
15 #include "error.h"
16 #include "wrapper_function_utils.h"
17 
18 #include <map>
19 #include <mutex>
20 #include <sstream>
21 #include <unordered_map>
22 #include <vector>
23 
24 using namespace __orc_rt;
25 using namespace __orc_rt::elfnix;
26 
27 // Declare function tags for functions in the JIT process.
28 ORC_RT_JIT_DISPATCH_TAG(__orc_rt_elfnix_get_initializers_tag)
29 ORC_RT_JIT_DISPATCH_TAG(__orc_rt_elfnix_get_deinitializers_tag)
30 ORC_RT_JIT_DISPATCH_TAG(__orc_rt_elfnix_symbol_lookup_tag)
31 
32 // eh-frame registration functions, made available via aliases
33 // installed by the Platform
34 extern "C" void __orc_rt_register_eh_frame_section(const void *);
35 extern "C" void __orc_rt_deregister_eh_frame_section(const void *);
36 
37 namespace {
38 
39 Error validatePointerSectionExtent(const char *SectionName,
40                                    const ExecutorAddrRange &SE) {
41   if (SE.size().getValue() % sizeof(uintptr_t)) {
42     std::ostringstream ErrMsg;
43     ErrMsg << std::hex << "Size of " << SectionName << " 0x"
44            << SE.Start.getValue() << " -- 0x" << SE.End.getValue()
45            << " is not a pointer multiple";
46     return make_error<StringError>(ErrMsg.str());
47   }
48   return Error::success();
49 }
50 
51 Error runInitArray(const std::vector<ExecutorAddrRange> &InitArraySections,
52                    const ELFNixJITDylibInitializers &MOJDIs) {
53 
54   for (const auto &ModInits : InitArraySections) {
55     if (auto Err = validatePointerSectionExtent(".init_array", ModInits))
56       return Err;
57 
58     using InitFunc = void (*)();
59     for (auto *Init : ModInits.toSpan<InitFunc>())
60       (*Init)();
61   }
62 
63   return Error::success();
64 }
65 struct TLSInfoEntry {
66   unsigned long Key = 0;
67   unsigned long DataAddress = 0;
68 };
69 
70 class ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState {
71 private:
72   struct AtExitEntry {
73     void (*Func)(void *);
74     void *Arg;
75   };
76 
77   using AtExitsVector = std::vector<AtExitEntry>;
78 
79   struct PerJITDylibState {
80     void *Header = nullptr;
81     size_t RefCount = 0;
82     bool AllowReinitialization = false;
83     AtExitsVector AtExits;
84   };
85 
86 public:
87   static void initialize(void *DSOHandle);
88   static ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState &get();
89   static void destroy();
90 
91   ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState(void *DSOHandle)
92       : PlatformJDDSOHandle(DSOHandle) {}
93 
94   // Delete copy and move constructors.
95   ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState(const ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState &) = delete;
96   ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState &
97   operator=(const ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState &) = delete;
98   ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState(ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState &&) = delete;
99   ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState &operator=(ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState &&) = delete;
100 
101   Error registerObjectSections(ELFNixPerObjectSectionsToRegister POSR);
102   Error deregisterObjectSections(ELFNixPerObjectSectionsToRegister POSR);
103 
104   const char *dlerror();
105   void *dlopen(string_view Name, int Mode);
106   int dlclose(void *DSOHandle);
107   void *dlsym(void *DSOHandle, string_view Symbol);
108 
109   int registerAtExit(void (*F)(void *), void *Arg, void *DSOHandle);
110   void runAtExits(void *DSOHandle);
111 
112   /// Returns the base address of the section containing ThreadData.
113   Expected<std::pair<const char *, size_t>>
114   getThreadDataSectionFor(const char *ThreadData);
115 
116   void *getPlatformJDDSOHandle() { return PlatformJDDSOHandle; }
117 
118 private:
119   PerJITDylibState *getJITDylibStateByHeaderAddr(void *DSOHandle);
120   PerJITDylibState *getJITDylibStateByName(string_view Path);
121   PerJITDylibState &
122   getOrCreateJITDylibState(ELFNixJITDylibInitializers &MOJDIs);
123 
124   Error registerThreadDataSection(span<const char> ThreadDataSection);
125 
126   Expected<ExecutorAddr> lookupSymbolInJITDylib(void *DSOHandle,
127                                                 string_view Symbol);
128 
129   Expected<ELFNixJITDylibInitializerSequence>
130   getJITDylibInitializersByName(string_view Path);
131   Expected<void *> dlopenInitialize(string_view Path, int Mode);
132   Error initializeJITDylib(ELFNixJITDylibInitializers &MOJDIs);
133 
134   static ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState *MOPS;
135 
136   using InitSectionHandler =
137       Error (*)(const std::vector<ExecutorAddrRange> &Sections,
138                 const ELFNixJITDylibInitializers &MOJDIs);
139   const std::vector<std::pair<const char *, InitSectionHandler>> InitSections =
140       {{".init_array", runInitArray}};
141 
142   void *PlatformJDDSOHandle;
143 
144   // FIXME: Move to thread-state.
145   std::string DLFcnError;
146 
147   std::recursive_mutex JDStatesMutex;
148   std::unordered_map<void *, PerJITDylibState> JDStates;
149   std::unordered_map<std::string, void *> JDNameToHeader;
150 
151   std::mutex ThreadDataSectionsMutex;
152   std::map<const char *, size_t> ThreadDataSections;
153 };
154 
155 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState *ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::MOPS = nullptr;
156 
157 void ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::initialize(void *DSOHandle) {
158   assert(!MOPS && "ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState should be null");
159   MOPS = new ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState(DSOHandle);
160 }
161 
162 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState &ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get() {
163   assert(MOPS && "ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState not initialized");
164   return *MOPS;
165 }
166 
167 void ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::destroy() {
168   assert(MOPS && "ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState not initialized");
169   delete MOPS;
170 }
171 
172 Error ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::registerObjectSections(
173     ELFNixPerObjectSectionsToRegister POSR) {
174   if (POSR.EHFrameSection.Start)
175     __orc_rt_register_eh_frame_section(
176         POSR.EHFrameSection.Start.toPtr<const char *>());
177 
178   if (POSR.ThreadDataSection.Start) {
179     if (auto Err = registerThreadDataSection(
180             POSR.ThreadDataSection.toSpan<const char>()))
181       return Err;
182   }
183 
184   return Error::success();
185 }
186 
187 Error ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::deregisterObjectSections(
188     ELFNixPerObjectSectionsToRegister POSR) {
189   if (POSR.EHFrameSection.Start)
190     __orc_rt_deregister_eh_frame_section(
191         POSR.EHFrameSection.Start.toPtr<const char *>());
192 
193   return Error::success();
194 }
195 
196 const char *ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::dlerror() { return DLFcnError.c_str(); }
197 
198 void *ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::dlopen(string_view Path, int Mode) {
199   std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> Lock(JDStatesMutex);
200 
201   // Use fast path if all JITDylibs are already loaded and don't require
202   // re-running initializers.
203   if (auto *JDS = getJITDylibStateByName(Path)) {
204     if (!JDS->AllowReinitialization) {
205       ++JDS->RefCount;
206       return JDS->Header;
207     }
208   }
209 
210   auto H = dlopenInitialize(Path, Mode);
211   if (!H) {
212     DLFcnError = toString(H.takeError());
213     return nullptr;
214   }
215 
216   return *H;
217 }
218 
219 int ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::dlclose(void *DSOHandle) {
220   runAtExits(DSOHandle);
221   return 0;
222 }
223 
224 void *ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::dlsym(void *DSOHandle, string_view Symbol) {
225   auto Addr = lookupSymbolInJITDylib(DSOHandle, Symbol);
226   if (!Addr) {
227     DLFcnError = toString(Addr.takeError());
228     return 0;
229   }
230 
231   return Addr->toPtr<void *>();
232 }
233 
234 int ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::registerAtExit(void (*F)(void *), void *Arg,
235                                                void *DSOHandle) {
236   // FIXME: Handle out-of-memory errors, returning -1 if OOM.
237   std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> Lock(JDStatesMutex);
238   auto *JDS = getJITDylibStateByHeaderAddr(DSOHandle);
239   assert(JDS && "JITDylib state not initialized");
240   JDS->AtExits.push_back({F, Arg});
241   return 0;
242 }
243 
244 void ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::runAtExits(void *DSOHandle) {
245   // FIXME: Should atexits be allowed to run concurrently with access to
246   // JDState?
247   AtExitsVector V;
248   {
249     std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> Lock(JDStatesMutex);
250     auto *JDS = getJITDylibStateByHeaderAddr(DSOHandle);
251     assert(JDS && "JITDlybi state not initialized");
252     std::swap(V, JDS->AtExits);
253   }
254 
255   while (!V.empty()) {
256     auto &AE = V.back();
257     AE.Func(AE.Arg);
258     V.pop_back();
259   }
260 }
261 
262 Expected<std::pair<const char *, size_t>>
263 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::getThreadDataSectionFor(const char *ThreadData) {
264   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> Lock(ThreadDataSectionsMutex);
265   auto I = ThreadDataSections.upper_bound(ThreadData);
266   // Check that we have a valid entry conovering this address.
267   if (I == ThreadDataSections.begin())
268     return make_error<StringError>("No thread local data section for key");
269   I = std::prev(I);
270   if (ThreadData >= I->first + I->second)
271     return make_error<StringError>("No thread local data section for key");
272   return *I;
273 }
274 
275 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::PerJITDylibState *
276 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::getJITDylibStateByHeaderAddr(void *DSOHandle) {
277   auto I = JDStates.find(DSOHandle);
278   if (I == JDStates.end())
279     return nullptr;
280   return &I->second;
281 }
282 
283 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::PerJITDylibState *
284 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::getJITDylibStateByName(string_view Name) {
285   // FIXME: Avoid creating string copy here.
286   auto I = JDNameToHeader.find(std::string(Name.data(), Name.size()));
287   if (I == JDNameToHeader.end())
288     return nullptr;
289   void *H = I->second;
290   auto J = JDStates.find(H);
291   assert(J != JDStates.end() &&
292          "JITDylib has name map entry but no header map entry");
293   return &J->second;
294 }
295 
296 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::PerJITDylibState &
297 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::getOrCreateJITDylibState(
298     ELFNixJITDylibInitializers &MOJDIs) {
299   void *Header = MOJDIs.DSOHandleAddress.toPtr<void *>();
300 
301   auto &JDS = JDStates[Header];
302 
303   // If this entry hasn't been created yet.
304   if (!JDS.Header) {
305     assert(!JDNameToHeader.count(MOJDIs.Name) &&
306            "JITDylib has header map entry but no name map entry");
307     JDNameToHeader[MOJDIs.Name] = Header;
308     JDS.Header = Header;
309   }
310 
311   return JDS;
312 }
313 
314 Error ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::registerThreadDataSection(
315     span<const char> ThreadDataSection) {
316   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> Lock(ThreadDataSectionsMutex);
317   auto I = ThreadDataSections.upper_bound(ThreadDataSection.data());
318   if (I != ThreadDataSections.begin()) {
319     auto J = std::prev(I);
320     if (J->first + J->second > ThreadDataSection.data())
321       return make_error<StringError>("Overlapping .tdata sections");
322   }
323   ThreadDataSections.insert(
324       I, std::make_pair(ThreadDataSection.data(), ThreadDataSection.size()));
325   return Error::success();
326 }
327 
328 Expected<ExecutorAddr>
329 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::lookupSymbolInJITDylib(void *DSOHandle,
330                                                    string_view Sym) {
331   Expected<ExecutorAddr> Result((ExecutorAddr()));
332   if (auto Err = WrapperFunction<SPSExpected<SPSExecutorAddr>(
333           SPSExecutorAddr, SPSString)>::call(&__orc_rt_elfnix_symbol_lookup_tag,
334                                              Result,
335                                              ExecutorAddr::fromPtr(DSOHandle),
336                                              Sym))
337     return std::move(Err);
338   return Result;
339 }
340 
341 Expected<ELFNixJITDylibInitializerSequence>
342 ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::getJITDylibInitializersByName(string_view Path) {
343   Expected<ELFNixJITDylibInitializerSequence> Result(
344       (ELFNixJITDylibInitializerSequence()));
345   std::string PathStr(Path.data(), Path.size());
346   if (auto Err =
347           WrapperFunction<SPSExpected<SPSELFNixJITDylibInitializerSequence>(
348               SPSString)>::call(&__orc_rt_elfnix_get_initializers_tag, Result,
349                                 Path))
350     return std::move(Err);
351   return Result;
352 }
353 
354 Expected<void *> ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::dlopenInitialize(string_view Path,
355                                                               int Mode) {
356   // Either our JITDylib wasn't loaded, or it or one of its dependencies allows
357   // reinitialization. We need to call in to the JIT to see if there's any new
358   // work pending.
359   auto InitSeq = getJITDylibInitializersByName(Path);
360   if (!InitSeq)
361     return InitSeq.takeError();
362 
363   // Init sequences should be non-empty.
364   if (InitSeq->empty())
365     return make_error<StringError>(
366         "__orc_rt_elfnix_get_initializers returned an "
367         "empty init sequence");
368 
369   // Otherwise register and run initializers for each JITDylib.
370   for (auto &MOJDIs : *InitSeq)
371     if (auto Err = initializeJITDylib(MOJDIs))
372       return std::move(Err);
373 
374   // Return the header for the last item in the list.
375   auto *JDS = getJITDylibStateByHeaderAddr(
376       InitSeq->back().DSOHandleAddress.toPtr<void *>());
377   assert(JDS && "Missing state entry for JD");
378   return JDS->Header;
379 }
380 
381 Error ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::initializeJITDylib(
382     ELFNixJITDylibInitializers &MOJDIs) {
383 
384   auto &JDS = getOrCreateJITDylibState(MOJDIs);
385   ++JDS.RefCount;
386 
387   for (auto &KV : InitSections) {
388     const auto &Name = KV.first;
389     const auto &Handler = KV.second;
390     auto I = MOJDIs.InitSections.find(Name);
391     if (I != MOJDIs.InitSections.end()) {
392       if (auto Err = Handler(I->second, MOJDIs))
393         return Err;
394     }
395   }
396 
397   return Error::success();
398 }
399 class ELFNixPlatformRuntimeTLVManager {
400 public:
401   void *getInstance(const char *ThreadData);
402 
403 private:
404   std::unordered_map<const char *, char *> Instances;
405   std::unordered_map<const char *, std::unique_ptr<char[]>> AllocatedSections;
406 };
407 
408 void *ELFNixPlatformRuntimeTLVManager::getInstance(const char *ThreadData) {
409   auto I = Instances.find(ThreadData);
410   if (I != Instances.end())
411     return I->second;
412   auto TDS =
413       ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get().getThreadDataSectionFor(ThreadData);
414   if (!TDS) {
415     __orc_rt_log_error(toString(TDS.takeError()).c_str());
416     return nullptr;
417   }
418 
419   auto &Allocated = AllocatedSections[TDS->first];
420   if (!Allocated) {
421     Allocated = std::make_unique<char[]>(TDS->second);
422     memcpy(Allocated.get(), TDS->first, TDS->second);
423   }
424   size_t ThreadDataDelta = ThreadData - TDS->first;
425   assert(ThreadDataDelta <= TDS->second && "ThreadData outside section bounds");
426 
427   char *Instance = Allocated.get() + ThreadDataDelta;
428   Instances[ThreadData] = Instance;
429   return Instance;
430 }
431 
432 void destroyELFNixTLVMgr(void *ELFNixTLVMgr) {
433   delete static_cast<ELFNixPlatformRuntimeTLVManager *>(ELFNixTLVMgr);
434 }
435 
436 } // end anonymous namespace
437 
438 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
439 //                             JIT entry points
440 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
441 
442 ORC_RT_INTERFACE __orc_rt_CWrapperFunctionResult
443 __orc_rt_elfnix_platform_bootstrap(char *ArgData, size_t ArgSize) {
444   return WrapperFunction<void(uint64_t)>::handle(
445              ArgData, ArgSize,
446              [](uint64_t &DSOHandle) {
447                ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::initialize(
448                    reinterpret_cast<void *>(DSOHandle));
449              })
450       .release();
451 }
452 
453 ORC_RT_INTERFACE __orc_rt_CWrapperFunctionResult
454 __orc_rt_elfnix_platform_shutdown(char *ArgData, size_t ArgSize) {
455   ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::destroy();
456   return WrapperFunctionResult().release();
457 }
458 
459 /// Wrapper function for registering metadata on a per-object basis.
460 ORC_RT_INTERFACE __orc_rt_CWrapperFunctionResult
461 __orc_rt_elfnix_register_object_sections(char *ArgData, size_t ArgSize) {
462   return WrapperFunction<SPSError(SPSELFNixPerObjectSectionsToRegister)>::
463       handle(ArgData, ArgSize,
464              [](ELFNixPerObjectSectionsToRegister &POSR) {
465                return ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get().registerObjectSections(
466                    std::move(POSR));
467              })
468           .release();
469 }
470 
471 /// Wrapper for releasing per-object metadat.
472 ORC_RT_INTERFACE __orc_rt_CWrapperFunctionResult
473 __orc_rt_elfnix_deregister_object_sections(char *ArgData, size_t ArgSize) {
474   return WrapperFunction<SPSError(SPSELFNixPerObjectSectionsToRegister)>::
475       handle(ArgData, ArgSize,
476              [](ELFNixPerObjectSectionsToRegister &POSR) {
477                return ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get()
478                    .deregisterObjectSections(std::move(POSR));
479              })
480           .release();
481 }
482 
483 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
484 //                           TLV support
485 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
486 
487 ORC_RT_INTERFACE void *__orc_rt_elfnix_tls_get_addr_impl(TLSInfoEntry *D) {
488   auto *TLVMgr = static_cast<ELFNixPlatformRuntimeTLVManager *>(
489       pthread_getspecific(D->Key));
490   if (!TLVMgr)
491     TLVMgr = new ELFNixPlatformRuntimeTLVManager();
492   if (pthread_setspecific(D->Key, TLVMgr)) {
493     __orc_rt_log_error("Call to pthread_setspecific failed");
494     return nullptr;
495   }
496 
497   return TLVMgr->getInstance(
498       reinterpret_cast<char *>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(D->DataAddress)));
499 }
500 
501 ORC_RT_INTERFACE __orc_rt_CWrapperFunctionResult
502 __orc_rt_elfnix_create_pthread_key(char *ArgData, size_t ArgSize) {
503   return WrapperFunction<SPSExpected<uint64_t>(void)>::handle(
504              ArgData, ArgSize,
505              []() -> Expected<uint64_t> {
506                pthread_key_t Key;
507                if (int Err = pthread_key_create(&Key, destroyELFNixTLVMgr)) {
508                  __orc_rt_log_error("Call to pthread_key_create failed");
509                  return make_error<StringError>(strerror(Err));
510                }
511                return static_cast<uint64_t>(Key);
512              })
513       .release();
514 }
515 
516 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
517 //                           cxa_atexit support
518 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
519 
520 int __orc_rt_elfnix_cxa_atexit(void (*func)(void *), void *arg,
521                                void *dso_handle) {
522   return ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get().registerAtExit(func, arg,
523                                                           dso_handle);
524 }
525 
526 int __orc_rt_elfnix_atexit(void (*func)(void *)) {
527   auto &PlatformRTState = ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get();
528   return ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get().registerAtExit(
529       func, NULL, PlatformRTState.getPlatformJDDSOHandle());
530 }
531 
532 void __orc_rt_elfnix_cxa_finalize(void *dso_handle) {
533   ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get().runAtExits(dso_handle);
534 }
535 
536 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
537 //                        JIT'd dlfcn alternatives.
538 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
539 
540 const char *__orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlerror() {
541   return ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get().dlerror();
542 }
543 
544 void *__orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlopen(const char *path, int mode) {
545   return ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get().dlopen(path, mode);
546 }
547 
548 int __orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlclose(void *dso_handle) {
549   return ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get().dlclose(dso_handle);
550 }
551 
552 void *__orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlsym(void *dso_handle, const char *symbol) {
553   return ELFNixPlatformRuntimeState::get().dlsym(dso_handle, symbol);
554 }
555 
556 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
557 //                             ELFNix Run Program
558 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
559 
560 ORC_RT_INTERFACE int64_t __orc_rt_elfnix_run_program(
561     const char *JITDylibName, const char *EntrySymbolName, int argc,
562     char *argv[]) {
563   using MainTy = int (*)(int, char *[]);
564 
565   void *H = __orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlopen(JITDylibName,
566                                        __orc_rt::elfnix::ORC_RT_RTLD_LAZY);
567   if (!H) {
568     __orc_rt_log_error(__orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlerror());
569     return -1;
570   }
571 
572   auto *Main =
573       reinterpret_cast<MainTy>(__orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlsym(H, EntrySymbolName));
574 
575   if (!Main) {
576     __orc_rt_log_error(__orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlerror());
577     return -1;
578   }
579 
580   int Result = Main(argc, argv);
581 
582   if (__orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlclose(H) == -1)
583     __orc_rt_log_error(__orc_rt_elfnix_jit_dlerror());
584 
585   return Result;
586 }
587