xref: /llvm-project-15.0.7/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Core/ExprEngineCXX.cpp (revision 1fad6631)

//===- ExprEngineCXX.cpp - ExprEngine support for C++ -----------*- C++ -*-===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
//  This file defines the C++ expression evaluation engine.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/CheckerManager.h"
#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/AnalysisManager.h"
#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/ExprEngine.h"
#include "clang/AST/DeclCXX.h"

using namespace clang;
using namespace ento;

namespace {
class CallExprWLItem {
public:
  CallExpr::const_arg_iterator I;
  ExplodedNode *N;

  CallExprWLItem(const CallExpr::const_arg_iterator &i, ExplodedNode *n)
    : I(i), N(n) {}
};
}

void ExprEngine::evalArguments(ConstExprIterator AI, ConstExprIterator AE,
                                 const FunctionProtoType *FnType,
                                 ExplodedNode *Pred, ExplodedNodeSet &Dst,
                                 bool FstArgAsLValue) {


  SmallVector<CallExprWLItem, 20> WorkList;
  WorkList.reserve(AE - AI);
  WorkList.push_back(CallExprWLItem(AI, Pred));

  while (!WorkList.empty()) {
    CallExprWLItem Item = WorkList.back();
    WorkList.pop_back();

    if (Item.I == AE) {
      Dst.insert(Item.N);
      continue;
    }

    // Evaluate the argument.
    ExplodedNodeSet Tmp;
    if (FstArgAsLValue) {
      FstArgAsLValue = false;
    }

    Visit(*Item.I, Item.N, Tmp);
    ++(Item.I);
    for (ExplodedNodeSet::iterator NI=Tmp.begin(), NE=Tmp.end(); NI != NE; ++NI)
      WorkList.push_back(CallExprWLItem(Item.I, *NI));
  }
}

void ExprEngine::evalCallee(const CallExpr *callExpr,
                            const ExplodedNodeSet &src,
                            ExplodedNodeSet &dest) {

  const Expr *callee = 0;

  switch (callExpr->getStmtClass()) {
    case Stmt::CXXMemberCallExprClass: {
      // Evaluate the implicit object argument that is the recipient of the
      // call.
      callee = cast<CXXMemberCallExpr>(callExpr)->getImplicitObjectArgument();

      // FIXME: handle member pointers.
      if (!callee)
        return;

      break;
    }
    default: {
      callee = callExpr->getCallee()->IgnoreParens();
      break;
    }
  }

  for (ExplodedNodeSet::iterator i = src.begin(), e = src.end(); i != e; ++i)
    Visit(callee, *i, dest);
}

const CXXThisRegion *ExprEngine::getCXXThisRegion(const CXXRecordDecl *D,
                                                 const StackFrameContext *SFC) {
  const Type *T = D->getTypeForDecl();
  QualType PT = getContext().getPointerType(QualType(T, 0));
  return svalBuilder.getRegionManager().getCXXThisRegion(PT, SFC);
}

const CXXThisRegion *ExprEngine::getCXXThisRegion(const CXXMethodDecl *decl,
                                            const StackFrameContext *frameCtx) {
  return svalBuilder.getRegionManager().
                    getCXXThisRegion(decl->getThisType(getContext()), frameCtx);
}

void ExprEngine::CreateCXXTemporaryObject(const MaterializeTemporaryExpr *ME,
                                          ExplodedNode *Pred,
                                          ExplodedNodeSet &Dst) {
  ExplodedNodeSet Tmp;
  Visit(ME->GetTemporaryExpr(), Pred, Tmp);
  for (ExplodedNodeSet::iterator I = Tmp.begin(), E = Tmp.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    const ProgramState *state = (*I)->getState();

    // Bind the temporary object to the value of the expression. Then bind
    // the expression to the location of the object.
    SVal V = state->getSVal(ME->GetTemporaryExpr());

    const MemRegion *R =
      svalBuilder.getRegionManager().getCXXTempObjectRegion(ME,
                                                   Pred->getLocationContext());

    state = state->bindLoc(loc::MemRegionVal(R), V);
    MakeNode(Dst, ME, Pred, state->BindExpr(ME, loc::MemRegionVal(R)));
  }
}

void ExprEngine::VisitCXXConstructExpr(const CXXConstructExpr *E,
                                       const MemRegion *Dest,
                                       ExplodedNode *Pred,
                                       ExplodedNodeSet &destNodes) {

  const CXXConstructorDecl *CD = E->getConstructor();
  assert(CD);

#if 0
  if (!(CD->doesThisDeclarationHaveABody() && AMgr.shouldInlineCall()))
    // FIXME: invalidate the object.
    return;
#endif

  // Evaluate other arguments.
  ExplodedNodeSet argsEvaluated;
  const FunctionProtoType *FnType = CD->getType()->getAs<FunctionProtoType>();
  evalArguments(E->arg_begin(), E->arg_end(), FnType, Pred, argsEvaluated);

#if 0
  // Is the constructor elidable?
  if (E->isElidable()) {
    VisitAggExpr(E->getArg(0), destNodes, Pred, Dst);
    // FIXME: this is here to force propagation if VisitAggExpr doesn't
    if (destNodes.empty())
      destNodes.Add(Pred);
    return;
  }
#endif

  // Perform the previsit of the constructor.
  ExplodedNodeSet destPreVisit;
  getCheckerManager().runCheckersForPreStmt(destPreVisit, argsEvaluated, E,
                                            *this);

  // Evaluate the constructor.  Currently we don't now allow checker-specific
  // implementations of specific constructors (as we do with ordinary
  // function calls.  We can re-evaluate this in the future.

#if 0
  // Inlining currently isn't fully implemented.

  if (AMgr.shouldInlineCall()) {
    if (!Dest)
      Dest =
        svalBuilder.getRegionManager().getCXXTempObjectRegion(E,
                                                  Pred->getLocationContext());

    // The callee stack frame context used to create the 'this'
    // parameter region.
    const StackFrameContext *SFC =
      AMgr.getStackFrame(CD, Pred->getLocationContext(),
                         E, Builder->getBlock(), Builder->getIndex());

    // Create the 'this' region.
    const CXXThisRegion *ThisR =
      getCXXThisRegion(E->getConstructor()->getParent(), SFC);

    CallEnter Loc(E, SFC, Pred->getLocationContext());


    for (ExplodedNodeSet::iterator NI = argsEvaluated.begin(),
                                  NE = argsEvaluated.end(); NI != NE; ++NI) {
      const ProgramState *state = (*NI)->getState();
      // Setup 'this' region, so that the ctor is evaluated on the object pointed
      // by 'Dest'.
      state = state->bindLoc(loc::MemRegionVal(ThisR), loc::MemRegionVal(Dest));
      if (ExplodedNode *N = Builder->generateNode(Loc, state, *NI))
        destNodes.Add(N);
    }
  }
#endif

  // Default semantics: invalidate all regions passed as arguments.
  SmallVector<const MemRegion*, 10> regionsToInvalidate;

  // FIXME: We can have collisions on the conjured symbol if the
  //  expression *I also creates conjured symbols.  We probably want
  //  to identify conjured symbols by an expression pair: the enclosing
  //  expression (the context) and the expression itself.  This should
  //  disambiguate conjured symbols.
  unsigned blockCount = Builder->getCurrentBlockCount();

  // NOTE: Even if RegionsToInvalidate is empty, we must still invalidate
  //  global variables.
  ExplodedNodeSet destCall;

  for (ExplodedNodeSet::iterator
        i = destPreVisit.begin(), e = destPreVisit.end();
       i != e; ++i)
  {
    ExplodedNode *Pred = *i;
    const ProgramState *state = Pred->getState();

    // Accumulate list of regions that are invalidated.
    for (CXXConstructExpr::const_arg_iterator
          ai = E->arg_begin(), ae = E->arg_end();
          ai != ae; ++ai)
    {
      SVal val = state->getSVal(*ai);
      if (const MemRegion *region = val.getAsRegion())
        regionsToInvalidate.push_back(region);
    }

    // Invalidate the regions.
    state = state->invalidateRegions(regionsToInvalidate,
                                     E, blockCount, 0,
                                     /* invalidateGlobals = */ true);

    Builder->MakeNode(destCall, E, Pred, state);
  }

  // Do the post visit.
  getCheckerManager().runCheckersForPostStmt(destNodes, destCall, E, *this);
}

void ExprEngine::VisitCXXDestructor(const CXXDestructorDecl *DD,
                                      const MemRegion *Dest,
                                      const Stmt *S,
                                      ExplodedNode *Pred,
                                      ExplodedNodeSet &Dst) {
  if (!(DD->doesThisDeclarationHaveABody() && AMgr.shouldInlineCall()))
    return;
  // Create the context for 'this' region.
  const StackFrameContext *SFC = AMgr.getStackFrame(DD,
                                                    Pred->getLocationContext(),
                                                    S, Builder->getBlock(),
                                                    Builder->getIndex());

  const CXXThisRegion *ThisR = getCXXThisRegion(DD->getParent(), SFC);

  CallEnter PP(S, SFC, Pred->getLocationContext());

  const ProgramState *state = Pred->getState();
  state = state->bindLoc(loc::MemRegionVal(ThisR), loc::MemRegionVal(Dest));
  ExplodedNode *N = Builder->generateNode(PP, state, Pred);
  if (N)
    Dst.Add(N);
}

void ExprEngine::VisitCXXNewExpr(const CXXNewExpr *CNE, ExplodedNode *Pred,
                                   ExplodedNodeSet &Dst) {

  unsigned blockCount = Builder->getCurrentBlockCount();
  DefinedOrUnknownSVal symVal =
    svalBuilder.getConjuredSymbolVal(NULL, CNE, CNE->getType(), blockCount);
  const MemRegion *NewReg = cast<loc::MemRegionVal>(symVal).getRegion();
  QualType ObjTy = CNE->getType()->getAs<PointerType>()->getPointeeType();
  const ElementRegion *EleReg =
    getStoreManager().GetElementZeroRegion(NewReg, ObjTy);

  if (CNE->isArray()) {
    // FIXME: allocating an array requires simulating the constructors.
    // For now, just return a symbolicated region.
    const ProgramState *state = Pred->getState();
    state = state->BindExpr(CNE, loc::MemRegionVal(EleReg));
    MakeNode(Dst, CNE, Pred, state);
    return;
  }

  // Evaluate constructor arguments.
  const FunctionProtoType *FnType = NULL;
  const CXXConstructorDecl *CD = CNE->getConstructor();
  if (CD)
    FnType = CD->getType()->getAs<FunctionProtoType>();
  ExplodedNodeSet argsEvaluated;
  evalArguments(CNE->constructor_arg_begin(), CNE->constructor_arg_end(),
                FnType, Pred, argsEvaluated);

  // Initialize the object region and bind the 'new' expression.
  for (ExplodedNodeSet::iterator I = argsEvaluated.begin(),
                                 E = argsEvaluated.end(); I != E; ++I) {

    const ProgramState *state = (*I)->getState();

    // Accumulate list of regions that are invalidated.
    // FIXME: Eventually we should unify the logic for constructor
    // processing in one place.
    SmallVector<const MemRegion*, 10> regionsToInvalidate;
    for (CXXNewExpr::const_arg_iterator
          ai = CNE->constructor_arg_begin(), ae = CNE->constructor_arg_end();
          ai != ae; ++ai)
    {
      SVal val = state->getSVal(*ai);
      if (const MemRegion *region = val.getAsRegion())
        regionsToInvalidate.push_back(region);
    }

    if (ObjTy->isRecordType()) {
      regionsToInvalidate.push_back(EleReg);
      // Invalidate the regions.
      state = state->invalidateRegions(regionsToInvalidate,
                                       CNE, blockCount, 0,
                                       /* invalidateGlobals = */ true);

    } else {
      // Invalidate the regions.
      state = state->invalidateRegions(regionsToInvalidate,
                                       CNE, blockCount, 0,
                                       /* invalidateGlobals = */ true);

      if (CNE->hasInitializer()) {
        SVal V = state->getSVal(*CNE->constructor_arg_begin());
        state = state->bindLoc(loc::MemRegionVal(EleReg), V);
      } else {
        // Explicitly set to undefined, because currently we retrieve symbolic
        // value from symbolic region.
        state = state->bindLoc(loc::MemRegionVal(EleReg), UndefinedVal());
      }
    }
    state = state->BindExpr(CNE, loc::MemRegionVal(EleReg));
    MakeNode(Dst, CNE, *I, state);
  }
}

void ExprEngine::VisitCXXDeleteExpr(const CXXDeleteExpr *CDE,
                                      ExplodedNode *Pred,ExplodedNodeSet &Dst) {
  // Should do more checking.
  ExplodedNodeSet Argevaluated;
  Visit(CDE->getArgument(), Pred, Argevaluated);
  for (ExplodedNodeSet::iterator I = Argevaluated.begin(),
                                 E = Argevaluated.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    const ProgramState *state = (*I)->getState();
    MakeNode(Dst, CDE, *I, state);
  }
}

void ExprEngine::VisitCXXThisExpr(const CXXThisExpr *TE, ExplodedNode *Pred,
                                    ExplodedNodeSet &Dst) {
  // Get the this object region from StoreManager.
  const MemRegion *R =
    svalBuilder.getRegionManager().getCXXThisRegion(
                                  getContext().getCanonicalType(TE->getType()),
                                               Pred->getLocationContext());

  const ProgramState *state = Pred->getState();
  SVal V = state->getSVal(loc::MemRegionVal(R));
  MakeNode(Dst, TE, Pred, state->BindExpr(TE, V));
}