1 //===--- CGExprConstant.cpp - Emit LLVM Code from Constant Expressions ----===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This contains code to emit Constant Expr nodes as LLVM code.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 
14 #include "CodeGenFunction.h"
15 #include "CodeGenModule.h"
16 #include "CGObjCRuntime.h"
17 #include "clang/AST/APValue.h"
18 #include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
19 #include "clang/AST/RecordLayout.h"
20 #include "clang/AST/StmtVisitor.h"
21 #include "clang/Basic/Builtins.h"
22 #include "llvm/Constants.h"
23 #include "llvm/Function.h"
24 #include "llvm/GlobalVariable.h"
25 #include "llvm/Support/Compiler.h"
26 #include "llvm/Target/TargetData.h"
27 using namespace clang;
28 using namespace CodeGen;
29 
30 namespace  {
31 
32 class VISIBILITY_HIDDEN ConstStructBuilder {
33   CodeGenModule &CGM;
34   CodeGenFunction *CGF;
35 
36   bool Packed;
37 
38   unsigned NextFieldOffsetInBytes;
39 
40   unsigned LLVMStructAlignment;
41 
42   std::vector<llvm::Constant *> Elements;
43 
44   ConstStructBuilder(CodeGenModule &CGM, CodeGenFunction *CGF)
45     : CGM(CGM), CGF(CGF), Packed(false), NextFieldOffsetInBytes(0),
46     LLVMStructAlignment(1) { }
47 
48   bool AppendField(const FieldDecl *Field, uint64_t FieldOffset,
49                    const Expr *InitExpr) {
50     uint64_t FieldOffsetInBytes = FieldOffset / 8;
51 
52     assert(NextFieldOffsetInBytes <= FieldOffsetInBytes
53            && "Field offset mismatch!");
54 
55     // Emit the field.
56     llvm::Constant *C = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(InitExpr, Field->getType(), CGF);
57     if (!C)
58       return false;
59 
60     unsigned FieldAlignment = getAlignment(C);
61 
62     // Round up the field offset to the alignment of the field type.
63     uint64_t AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes =
64       llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(NextFieldOffsetInBytes, FieldAlignment);
65 
66     if (AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes > FieldOffsetInBytes) {
67       assert(!Packed && "Alignment is wrong even with a packed struct!");
68 
69       // Convert the struct to a packed struct.
70       ConvertStructToPacked();
71 
72       AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes = NextFieldOffsetInBytes;
73     }
74 
75     if (AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes < FieldOffsetInBytes) {
76       // We need to append padding.
77       AppendPadding(FieldOffsetInBytes - NextFieldOffsetInBytes);
78 
79       assert(NextFieldOffsetInBytes == FieldOffsetInBytes &&
80              "Did not add enough padding!");
81 
82       AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes = NextFieldOffsetInBytes;
83     }
84 
85     // Add the field.
86     Elements.push_back(C);
87     NextFieldOffsetInBytes = AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes + getSizeInBytes(C);
88 
89     if (Packed)
90       assert(LLVMStructAlignment == 1 && "Packed struct not byte-aligned!");
91     else
92       LLVMStructAlignment = std::max(LLVMStructAlignment, FieldAlignment);
93 
94     return true;
95   }
96 
97   bool AppendBitField(const FieldDecl *Field, uint64_t FieldOffset,
98                       const Expr *InitExpr) {
99     llvm::ConstantInt *CI =
100       cast_or_null<llvm::ConstantInt>(CGM.EmitConstantExpr(InitExpr,
101                                                            Field->getType(),
102                                                            CGF));
103     // FIXME: Can this ever happen?
104     if (!CI)
105       return false;
106 
107     if (FieldOffset > NextFieldOffsetInBytes * 8) {
108       // We need to add padding.
109       uint64_t NumBytes =
110         llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(FieldOffset -
111                                  NextFieldOffsetInBytes * 8, 8) / 8;
112 
113       AppendPadding(NumBytes);
114     }
115 
116     uint64_t FieldSize =
117       Field->getBitWidth()->EvaluateAsInt(CGM.getContext()).getZExtValue();
118 
119     llvm::APInt FieldValue = CI->getValue();
120 
121     // Promote the size of FieldValue if necessary
122     // FIXME: This should never occur, but currently it can because initializer
123     // constants are cast to bool, and because clang is not enforcing bitfield
124     // width limits.
125     if (FieldSize > FieldValue.getBitWidth())
126       FieldValue.zext(FieldSize);
127 
128     // Truncate the size of FieldValue to the bit field size.
129     if (FieldSize < FieldValue.getBitWidth())
130       FieldValue.trunc(FieldSize);
131 
132     if (FieldOffset < NextFieldOffsetInBytes * 8) {
133       // Either part of the field or the entire field can go into the previous
134       // byte.
135       assert(!Elements.empty() && "Elements can't be empty!");
136 
137       unsigned BitsInPreviousByte =
138         NextFieldOffsetInBytes * 8 - FieldOffset;
139 
140       bool FitsCompletelyInPreviousByte =
141         BitsInPreviousByte >= FieldValue.getBitWidth();
142 
143       llvm::APInt Tmp = FieldValue;
144 
145       if (!FitsCompletelyInPreviousByte) {
146         unsigned NewFieldWidth = FieldSize - BitsInPreviousByte;
147 
148         if (CGM.getTargetData().isBigEndian()) {
149           Tmp = Tmp.lshr(NewFieldWidth);
150           Tmp.trunc(BitsInPreviousByte);
151 
152           // We want the remaining high bits.
153           FieldValue.trunc(NewFieldWidth);
154         } else {
155           Tmp.trunc(BitsInPreviousByte);
156 
157           // We want the remaining low bits.
158           FieldValue = FieldValue.lshr(BitsInPreviousByte);
159           FieldValue.trunc(NewFieldWidth);
160         }
161       }
162 
163       Tmp.zext(8);
164       if (CGM.getTargetData().isBigEndian()) {
165         if (FitsCompletelyInPreviousByte)
166           Tmp = Tmp.shl(BitsInPreviousByte - FieldValue.getBitWidth());
167       } else {
168         Tmp = Tmp.shl(8 - BitsInPreviousByte);
169       }
170 
171       // Or in the bits that go into the previous byte.
172       Tmp |= cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(Elements.back())->getValue();
173       Elements.back() = llvm::ConstantInt::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(), Tmp);
174 
175       if (FitsCompletelyInPreviousByte)
176         return true;
177     }
178 
179     while (FieldValue.getBitWidth() > 8) {
180       llvm::APInt Tmp;
181 
182       if (CGM.getTargetData().isBigEndian()) {
183         // We want the high bits.
184         Tmp = FieldValue;
185         Tmp = Tmp.lshr(Tmp.getBitWidth() - 8);
186         Tmp.trunc(8);
187       } else {
188         // We want the low bits.
189         Tmp = FieldValue;
190         Tmp.trunc(8);
191 
192         FieldValue = FieldValue.lshr(8);
193       }
194 
195       Elements.push_back(llvm::ConstantInt::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(), Tmp));
196       NextFieldOffsetInBytes++;
197 
198       FieldValue.trunc(FieldValue.getBitWidth() - 8);
199     }
200 
201     assert(FieldValue.getBitWidth() > 0 &&
202            "Should have at least one bit left!");
203     assert(FieldValue.getBitWidth() <= 8 &&
204            "Should not have more than a byte left!");
205 
206     if (FieldValue.getBitWidth() < 8) {
207       if (CGM.getTargetData().isBigEndian()) {
208         unsigned BitWidth = FieldValue.getBitWidth();
209 
210         FieldValue.zext(8);
211         FieldValue = FieldValue << (8 - BitWidth);
212       } else
213         FieldValue.zext(8);
214     }
215 
216     // Append the last element.
217     Elements.push_back(llvm::ConstantInt::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(),
218                                               FieldValue));
219     NextFieldOffsetInBytes++;
220     return true;
221   }
222 
223   void AppendPadding(uint64_t NumBytes) {
224     if (!NumBytes)
225       return;
226 
227     const llvm::Type *Ty = llvm::Type::getInt8Ty(CGM.getLLVMContext());
228     if (NumBytes > 1)
229       Ty = llvm::ArrayType::get(Ty, NumBytes);
230 
231     llvm::Constant *C = llvm::UndefValue::get(Ty);
232     Elements.push_back(C);
233     assert(getAlignment(C) == 1 && "Padding must have 1 byte alignment!");
234 
235     NextFieldOffsetInBytes += getSizeInBytes(C);
236   }
237 
238   void AppendTailPadding(uint64_t RecordSize) {
239     assert(RecordSize % 8 == 0 && "Invalid record size!");
240 
241     uint64_t RecordSizeInBytes = RecordSize / 8;
242     assert(NextFieldOffsetInBytes <= RecordSizeInBytes && "Size mismatch!");
243 
244     unsigned NumPadBytes = RecordSizeInBytes - NextFieldOffsetInBytes;
245     AppendPadding(NumPadBytes);
246   }
247 
248   void ConvertStructToPacked() {
249     std::vector<llvm::Constant *> PackedElements;
250     uint64_t ElementOffsetInBytes = 0;
251 
252     for (unsigned i = 0, e = Elements.size(); i != e; ++i) {
253       llvm::Constant *C = Elements[i];
254 
255       unsigned ElementAlign =
256         CGM.getTargetData().getABITypeAlignment(C->getType());
257       uint64_t AlignedElementOffsetInBytes =
258         llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(ElementOffsetInBytes, ElementAlign);
259 
260       if (AlignedElementOffsetInBytes > ElementOffsetInBytes) {
261         // We need some padding.
262         uint64_t NumBytes =
263           AlignedElementOffsetInBytes - ElementOffsetInBytes;
264 
265         const llvm::Type *Ty = llvm::Type::getInt8Ty(CGM.getLLVMContext());
266         if (NumBytes > 1)
267           Ty = llvm::ArrayType::get(Ty, NumBytes);
268 
269         llvm::Constant *Padding = llvm::UndefValue::get(Ty);
270         PackedElements.push_back(Padding);
271         ElementOffsetInBytes += getSizeInBytes(Padding);
272       }
273 
274       PackedElements.push_back(C);
275       ElementOffsetInBytes += getSizeInBytes(C);
276     }
277 
278     assert(ElementOffsetInBytes == NextFieldOffsetInBytes &&
279            "Packing the struct changed its size!");
280 
281     Elements = PackedElements;
282     LLVMStructAlignment = 1;
283     Packed = true;
284   }
285 
286   bool Build(InitListExpr *ILE) {
287     RecordDecl *RD = ILE->getType()->getAs<RecordType>()->getDecl();
288     const ASTRecordLayout &Layout = CGM.getContext().getASTRecordLayout(RD);
289 
290     unsigned FieldNo = 0;
291     unsigned ElementNo = 0;
292     for (RecordDecl::field_iterator Field = RD->field_begin(),
293          FieldEnd = RD->field_end();
294          ElementNo < ILE->getNumInits() && Field != FieldEnd;
295          ++Field, ++FieldNo) {
296       if (RD->isUnion() && ILE->getInitializedFieldInUnion() != *Field)
297         continue;
298 
299       if (Field->isBitField()) {
300         if (!Field->getIdentifier())
301           continue;
302 
303         if (!AppendBitField(*Field, Layout.getFieldOffset(FieldNo),
304                             ILE->getInit(ElementNo)))
305           return false;
306       } else {
307         if (!AppendField(*Field, Layout.getFieldOffset(FieldNo),
308                          ILE->getInit(ElementNo)))
309           return false;
310       }
311 
312       ElementNo++;
313     }
314 
315     uint64_t LayoutSizeInBytes = Layout.getSize() / 8;
316 
317     if (NextFieldOffsetInBytes > LayoutSizeInBytes) {
318       // If the struct is bigger than the size of the record type,
319       // we must have a flexible array member at the end.
320       assert(RD->hasFlexibleArrayMember() &&
321              "Must have flexible array member if struct is bigger than type!");
322 
323       // No tail padding is necessary.
324       return true;
325     }
326 
327     uint64_t LLVMSizeInBytes = llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(NextFieldOffsetInBytes,
328                                                         LLVMStructAlignment);
329 
330     // Check if we need to convert the struct to a packed struct.
331     if (NextFieldOffsetInBytes <= LayoutSizeInBytes &&
332         LLVMSizeInBytes > LayoutSizeInBytes) {
333       assert(!Packed && "Size mismatch!");
334 
335       ConvertStructToPacked();
336       assert(NextFieldOffsetInBytes == LayoutSizeInBytes &&
337              "Converting to packed did not help!");
338     }
339 
340     // Append tail padding if necessary.
341     AppendTailPadding(Layout.getSize());
342 
343     assert(Layout.getSize() / 8 == NextFieldOffsetInBytes &&
344            "Tail padding mismatch!");
345 
346     return true;
347   }
348 
349   unsigned getAlignment(const llvm::Constant *C) const {
350     if (Packed)
351       return 1;
352 
353     return CGM.getTargetData().getABITypeAlignment(C->getType());
354   }
355 
356   uint64_t getSizeInBytes(const llvm::Constant *C) const {
357     return CGM.getTargetData().getTypeAllocSize(C->getType());
358   }
359 
360 public:
361   static llvm::Constant *BuildStruct(CodeGenModule &CGM, CodeGenFunction *CGF,
362                                      InitListExpr *ILE) {
363     ConstStructBuilder Builder(CGM, CGF);
364 
365     if (!Builder.Build(ILE))
366       return 0;
367 
368     llvm::Constant *Result =
369       llvm::ConstantStruct::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(),
370                                 Builder.Elements, Builder.Packed);
371 
372     assert(llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(Builder.NextFieldOffsetInBytes,
373                                     Builder.getAlignment(Result)) ==
374            Builder.getSizeInBytes(Result) && "Size mismatch!");
375 
376     return Result;
377   }
378 };
379 
380 class VISIBILITY_HIDDEN ConstExprEmitter :
381   public StmtVisitor<ConstExprEmitter, llvm::Constant*> {
382   CodeGenModule &CGM;
383   CodeGenFunction *CGF;
384   llvm::LLVMContext &VMContext;
385 public:
386   ConstExprEmitter(CodeGenModule &cgm, CodeGenFunction *cgf)
387     : CGM(cgm), CGF(cgf), VMContext(cgm.getLLVMContext()) {
388   }
389 
390   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
391   //                            Visitor Methods
392   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
393 
394   llvm::Constant *VisitStmt(Stmt *S) {
395     return 0;
396   }
397 
398   llvm::Constant *VisitParenExpr(ParenExpr *PE) {
399     return Visit(PE->getSubExpr());
400   }
401 
402   llvm::Constant *VisitCompoundLiteralExpr(CompoundLiteralExpr *E) {
403     return Visit(E->getInitializer());
404   }
405 
406   llvm::Constant *EmitMemberFunctionPointer(CXXMethodDecl *MD) {
407     assert(MD->isInstance() && "Member function must not be static!");
408 
409     const llvm::Type *PtrDiffTy =
410       CGM.getTypes().ConvertType(CGM.getContext().getPointerDiffType());
411 
412     llvm::Constant *Values[2];
413 
414     // Get the function pointer (or index if this is a virtual function).
415     if (MD->isVirtual()) {
416       uint64_t Index = CGM.getVtableInfo().getMethodVtableIndex(MD);
417 
418       // The pointer is 1 + the virtual table offset in bytes.
419       Values[0] = llvm::ConstantInt::get(PtrDiffTy, (Index * 8) + 1);
420     } else {
421       llvm::Constant *FuncPtr = CGM.GetAddrOfFunction(MD);
422 
423       Values[0] = llvm::ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(FuncPtr, PtrDiffTy);
424     }
425 
426     // The adjustment will always be 0.
427     Values[1] = llvm::ConstantInt::get(PtrDiffTy, 0);
428 
429     return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(),
430                                      Values, 2, /*Packed=*/false);
431   }
432 
433   llvm::Constant *VisitUnaryAddrOf(UnaryOperator *E) {
434     if (const MemberPointerType *MPT =
435         E->getType()->getAs<MemberPointerType>()) {
436       QualType T = MPT->getPointeeType();
437       if (T->isFunctionProtoType()) {
438         DeclRefExpr *DRE = cast<DeclRefExpr>(E->getSubExpr());
439 
440         return EmitMemberFunctionPointer(cast<CXXMethodDecl>(DRE->getDecl()));
441       }
442 
443       // FIXME: Should we handle other member pointer types here too,
444       // or should they be handled by Expr::Evaluate?
445     }
446 
447     return 0;
448   }
449 
450   llvm::Constant *VisitBinSub(BinaryOperator *E) {
451     // This must be a pointer/pointer subtraction.  This only happens for
452     // address of label.
453     if (!isa<AddrLabelExpr>(E->getLHS()->IgnoreParenNoopCasts(CGM.getContext())) ||
454        !isa<AddrLabelExpr>(E->getRHS()->IgnoreParenNoopCasts(CGM.getContext())))
455       return 0;
456 
457     llvm::Constant *LHS = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(E->getLHS(),
458                                                E->getLHS()->getType(), CGF);
459     llvm::Constant *RHS = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(E->getRHS(),
460                                                E->getRHS()->getType(), CGF);
461 
462     const llvm::Type *ResultType = ConvertType(E->getType());
463     LHS = llvm::ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(LHS, ResultType);
464     RHS = llvm::ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(RHS, ResultType);
465 
466     // No need to divide by element size, since addr of label is always void*,
467     // which has size 1 in GNUish.
468     return llvm::ConstantExpr::getSub(LHS, RHS);
469   }
470 
471   llvm::Constant *VisitCastExpr(CastExpr* E) {
472     switch (E->getCastKind()) {
473     case CastExpr::CK_ToUnion: {
474       // GCC cast to union extension
475       assert(E->getType()->isUnionType() &&
476              "Destination type is not union type!");
477       const llvm::Type *Ty = ConvertType(E->getType());
478       Expr *SubExpr = E->getSubExpr();
479 
480       llvm::Constant *C =
481         CGM.EmitConstantExpr(SubExpr, SubExpr->getType(), CGF);
482       if (!C)
483         return 0;
484 
485       // Build a struct with the union sub-element as the first member,
486       // and padded to the appropriate size
487       std::vector<llvm::Constant*> Elts;
488       std::vector<const llvm::Type*> Types;
489       Elts.push_back(C);
490       Types.push_back(C->getType());
491       unsigned CurSize = CGM.getTargetData().getTypeAllocSize(C->getType());
492       unsigned TotalSize = CGM.getTargetData().getTypeAllocSize(Ty);
493 
494       assert(CurSize <= TotalSize && "Union size mismatch!");
495       if (unsigned NumPadBytes = TotalSize - CurSize) {
496         const llvm::Type *Ty = llvm::Type::getInt8Ty(VMContext);
497         if (NumPadBytes > 1)
498           Ty = llvm::ArrayType::get(Ty, NumPadBytes);
499 
500         Elts.push_back(llvm::UndefValue::get(Ty));
501         Types.push_back(Ty);
502       }
503 
504       llvm::StructType* STy =
505         llvm::StructType::get(C->getType()->getContext(), Types, false);
506       return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(STy, Elts);
507     }
508     case CastExpr::CK_NullToMemberPointer:
509       return CGM.EmitNullConstant(E->getType());
510 
511     case CastExpr::CK_BaseToDerivedMemberPointer: {
512       Expr *SubExpr = E->getSubExpr();
513 
514       const MemberPointerType *SrcTy =
515         SubExpr->getType()->getAs<MemberPointerType>();
516       const MemberPointerType *DestTy =
517         E->getType()->getAs<MemberPointerType>();
518 
519       const CXXRecordDecl *BaseClass =
520         cast<CXXRecordDecl>(cast<RecordType>(SrcTy->getClass())->getDecl());
521       const CXXRecordDecl *DerivedClass =
522         cast<CXXRecordDecl>(cast<RecordType>(DestTy->getClass())->getDecl());
523 
524       if (SrcTy->getPointeeType()->isFunctionProtoType()) {
525         llvm::Constant *C =
526           CGM.EmitConstantExpr(SubExpr, SubExpr->getType(), CGF);
527         if (!C)
528           return 0;
529 
530         llvm::ConstantStruct *CS = cast<llvm::ConstantStruct>(C);
531 
532         // Check if we need to update the adjustment.
533         if (llvm::Constant *Offset = CGM.GetCXXBaseClassOffset(DerivedClass,
534                                                                BaseClass)) {
535           llvm::Constant *Values[2];
536 
537           Values[0] = CS->getOperand(0);
538           Values[1] = llvm::ConstantExpr::getAdd(CS->getOperand(1), Offset);
539           return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(), Values, 2,
540                                            /*Packed=*/false);
541         }
542 
543         return CS;
544       }
545     }
546 
547     case CastExpr::CK_BitCast:
548       // This must be a member function pointer cast.
549       return Visit(E->getSubExpr());
550 
551     default: {
552       // FIXME: This should be handled by the CK_NoOp cast kind.
553       // Explicit and implicit no-op casts
554       QualType Ty = E->getType(), SubTy = E->getSubExpr()->getType();
555       if (CGM.getContext().hasSameUnqualifiedType(Ty, SubTy))
556         return Visit(E->getSubExpr());
557 
558       // Handle integer->integer casts for address-of-label differences.
559       if (Ty->isIntegerType() && SubTy->isIntegerType() &&
560           CGF) {
561         llvm::Value *Src = Visit(E->getSubExpr());
562         if (Src == 0) return 0;
563 
564         // Use EmitScalarConversion to perform the conversion.
565         return cast<llvm::Constant>(CGF->EmitScalarConversion(Src, SubTy, Ty));
566       }
567 
568       return 0;
569     }
570     }
571   }
572 
573   llvm::Constant *VisitCXXDefaultArgExpr(CXXDefaultArgExpr *DAE) {
574     return Visit(DAE->getExpr());
575   }
576 
577   llvm::Constant *EmitArrayInitialization(InitListExpr *ILE) {
578     std::vector<llvm::Constant*> Elts;
579     const llvm::ArrayType *AType =
580         cast<llvm::ArrayType>(ConvertType(ILE->getType()));
581     unsigned NumInitElements = ILE->getNumInits();
582     // FIXME: Check for wide strings
583     // FIXME: Check for NumInitElements exactly equal to 1??
584     if (NumInitElements > 0 &&
585         (isa<StringLiteral>(ILE->getInit(0)) ||
586          isa<ObjCEncodeExpr>(ILE->getInit(0))) &&
587         ILE->getType()->getArrayElementTypeNoTypeQual()->isCharType())
588       return Visit(ILE->getInit(0));
589     const llvm::Type *ElemTy = AType->getElementType();
590     unsigned NumElements = AType->getNumElements();
591 
592     // Initialising an array requires us to automatically
593     // initialise any elements that have not been initialised explicitly
594     unsigned NumInitableElts = std::min(NumInitElements, NumElements);
595 
596     // Copy initializer elements.
597     unsigned i = 0;
598     bool RewriteType = false;
599     for (; i < NumInitableElts; ++i) {
600       Expr *Init = ILE->getInit(i);
601       llvm::Constant *C = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(Init, Init->getType(), CGF);
602       if (!C)
603         return 0;
604       RewriteType |= (C->getType() != ElemTy);
605       Elts.push_back(C);
606     }
607 
608     // Initialize remaining array elements.
609     // FIXME: This doesn't handle member pointers correctly!
610     for (; i < NumElements; ++i)
611       Elts.push_back(llvm::Constant::getNullValue(ElemTy));
612 
613     if (RewriteType) {
614       // FIXME: Try to avoid packing the array
615       std::vector<const llvm::Type*> Types;
616       for (unsigned i = 0; i < Elts.size(); ++i)
617         Types.push_back(Elts[i]->getType());
618       const llvm::StructType *SType = llvm::StructType::get(AType->getContext(),
619                                                             Types, true);
620       return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(SType, Elts);
621     }
622 
623     return llvm::ConstantArray::get(AType, Elts);
624   }
625 
626   llvm::Constant *EmitStructInitialization(InitListExpr *ILE) {
627     return ConstStructBuilder::BuildStruct(CGM, CGF, ILE);
628   }
629 
630   llvm::Constant *EmitUnionInitialization(InitListExpr *ILE) {
631     return ConstStructBuilder::BuildStruct(CGM, CGF, ILE);
632   }
633 
634   llvm::Constant *EmitVectorInitialization(InitListExpr *ILE) {
635     const llvm::VectorType *VType =
636         cast<llvm::VectorType>(ConvertType(ILE->getType()));
637     const llvm::Type *ElemTy = VType->getElementType();
638     std::vector<llvm::Constant*> Elts;
639     unsigned NumElements = VType->getNumElements();
640     unsigned NumInitElements = ILE->getNumInits();
641 
642     unsigned NumInitableElts = std::min(NumInitElements, NumElements);
643 
644     // Copy initializer elements.
645     unsigned i = 0;
646     for (; i < NumInitableElts; ++i) {
647       Expr *Init = ILE->getInit(i);
648       llvm::Constant *C = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(Init, Init->getType(), CGF);
649       if (!C)
650         return 0;
651       Elts.push_back(C);
652     }
653 
654     for (; i < NumElements; ++i)
655       Elts.push_back(llvm::Constant::getNullValue(ElemTy));
656 
657     return llvm::ConstantVector::get(VType, Elts);
658   }
659 
660   llvm::Constant *VisitImplicitValueInitExpr(ImplicitValueInitExpr* E) {
661     return CGM.EmitNullConstant(E->getType());
662   }
663 
664   llvm::Constant *VisitInitListExpr(InitListExpr *ILE) {
665     if (ILE->getType()->isScalarType()) {
666       // We have a scalar in braces. Just use the first element.
667       if (ILE->getNumInits() > 0) {
668         Expr *Init = ILE->getInit(0);
669         return CGM.EmitConstantExpr(Init, Init->getType(), CGF);
670       }
671       return CGM.EmitNullConstant(ILE->getType());
672     }
673 
674     if (ILE->getType()->isArrayType())
675       return EmitArrayInitialization(ILE);
676 
677     if (ILE->getType()->isRecordType())
678       return EmitStructInitialization(ILE);
679 
680     if (ILE->getType()->isUnionType())
681       return EmitUnionInitialization(ILE);
682 
683     if (ILE->getType()->isVectorType())
684       return EmitVectorInitialization(ILE);
685 
686     assert(0 && "Unable to handle InitListExpr");
687     // Get rid of control reaches end of void function warning.
688     // Not reached.
689     return 0;
690   }
691 
692   llvm::Constant *VisitStringLiteral(StringLiteral *E) {
693     assert(!E->getType()->isPointerType() && "Strings are always arrays");
694 
695     // This must be a string initializing an array in a static initializer.
696     // Don't emit it as the address of the string, emit the string data itself
697     // as an inline array.
698     return llvm::ConstantArray::get(VMContext,
699                                     CGM.GetStringForStringLiteral(E), false);
700   }
701 
702   llvm::Constant *VisitObjCEncodeExpr(ObjCEncodeExpr *E) {
703     // This must be an @encode initializing an array in a static initializer.
704     // Don't emit it as the address of the string, emit the string data itself
705     // as an inline array.
706     std::string Str;
707     CGM.getContext().getObjCEncodingForType(E->getEncodedType(), Str);
708     const ConstantArrayType *CAT = cast<ConstantArrayType>(E->getType());
709 
710     // Resize the string to the right size, adding zeros at the end, or
711     // truncating as needed.
712     Str.resize(CAT->getSize().getZExtValue(), '\0');
713     return llvm::ConstantArray::get(VMContext, Str, false);
714   }
715 
716   llvm::Constant *VisitUnaryExtension(const UnaryOperator *E) {
717     return Visit(E->getSubExpr());
718   }
719 
720   // Utility methods
721   const llvm::Type *ConvertType(QualType T) {
722     return CGM.getTypes().ConvertType(T);
723   }
724 
725 public:
726   llvm::Constant *EmitLValue(Expr *E) {
727     switch (E->getStmtClass()) {
728     default: break;
729     case Expr::CompoundLiteralExprClass: {
730       // Note that due to the nature of compound literals, this is guaranteed
731       // to be the only use of the variable, so we just generate it here.
732       CompoundLiteralExpr *CLE = cast<CompoundLiteralExpr>(E);
733       llvm::Constant* C = Visit(CLE->getInitializer());
734       // FIXME: "Leaked" on failure.
735       if (C)
736         C = new llvm::GlobalVariable(CGM.getModule(), C->getType(),
737                                      E->getType().isConstant(CGM.getContext()),
738                                      llvm::GlobalValue::InternalLinkage,
739                                      C, ".compoundliteral", 0, false,
740                                      E->getType().getAddressSpace());
741       return C;
742     }
743     case Expr::DeclRefExprClass: {
744       NamedDecl *Decl = cast<DeclRefExpr>(E)->getDecl();
745       if (const FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(Decl))
746         return CGM.GetAddrOfFunction(FD);
747       if (const VarDecl* VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(Decl)) {
748         // We can never refer to a variable with local storage.
749         if (!VD->hasLocalStorage()) {
750           if (VD->isFileVarDecl() || VD->hasExternalStorage())
751             return CGM.GetAddrOfGlobalVar(VD);
752           else if (VD->isBlockVarDecl()) {
753             assert(CGF && "Can't access static local vars without CGF");
754             return CGF->GetAddrOfStaticLocalVar(VD);
755           }
756         }
757       }
758       break;
759     }
760     case Expr::StringLiteralClass:
761       return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantStringFromLiteral(cast<StringLiteral>(E));
762     case Expr::ObjCEncodeExprClass:
763       return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantStringFromObjCEncode(cast<ObjCEncodeExpr>(E));
764     case Expr::ObjCStringLiteralClass: {
765       ObjCStringLiteral* SL = cast<ObjCStringLiteral>(E);
766       llvm::Constant *C = CGM.getObjCRuntime().GenerateConstantString(SL);
767       return llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(C, ConvertType(E->getType()));
768     }
769     case Expr::PredefinedExprClass: {
770       unsigned Type = cast<PredefinedExpr>(E)->getIdentType();
771       if (CGF) {
772         LValue Res = CGF->EmitPredefinedFunctionName(Type);
773         return cast<llvm::Constant>(Res.getAddress());
774       } else if (Type == PredefinedExpr::PrettyFunction) {
775         return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantCString("top level", ".tmp");
776       }
777 
778       return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantCString("", ".tmp");
779     }
780     case Expr::AddrLabelExprClass: {
781       assert(CGF && "Invalid address of label expression outside function.");
782       llvm::Constant *Ptr =
783         CGF->GetAddrOfLabel(cast<AddrLabelExpr>(E)->getLabel());
784       return llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(Ptr, ConvertType(E->getType()));
785     }
786     case Expr::CallExprClass: {
787       CallExpr* CE = cast<CallExpr>(E);
788       if (CE->isBuiltinCall(CGM.getContext()) !=
789             Builtin::BI__builtin___CFStringMakeConstantString)
790         break;
791       const Expr *Arg = CE->getArg(0)->IgnoreParenCasts();
792       const StringLiteral *Literal = cast<StringLiteral>(Arg);
793       // FIXME: need to deal with UCN conversion issues.
794       return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantCFString(Literal);
795     }
796     case Expr::BlockExprClass: {
797       std::string FunctionName;
798       if (CGF)
799         FunctionName = CGF->CurFn->getName();
800       else
801         FunctionName = "global";
802 
803       return CGM.GetAddrOfGlobalBlock(cast<BlockExpr>(E), FunctionName.c_str());
804     }
805     }
806 
807     return 0;
808   }
809 };
810 
811 }  // end anonymous namespace.
812 
813 llvm::Constant *CodeGenModule::EmitConstantExpr(const Expr *E,
814                                                 QualType DestType,
815                                                 CodeGenFunction *CGF) {
816   Expr::EvalResult Result;
817 
818   bool Success = false;
819 
820   if (DestType->isReferenceType())
821     Success = E->EvaluateAsLValue(Result, Context);
822   else
823     Success = E->Evaluate(Result, Context);
824 
825   if (Success && !Result.HasSideEffects) {
826     switch (Result.Val.getKind()) {
827     case APValue::Uninitialized:
828       assert(0 && "Constant expressions should be initialized.");
829       return 0;
830     case APValue::LValue: {
831       const llvm::Type *DestTy = getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(DestType);
832       llvm::Constant *Offset =
833         llvm::ConstantInt::get(llvm::Type::getInt64Ty(VMContext),
834                                Result.Val.getLValueOffset());
835 
836       llvm::Constant *C;
837       if (const Expr *LVBase = Result.Val.getLValueBase()) {
838         C = ConstExprEmitter(*this, CGF).EmitLValue(const_cast<Expr*>(LVBase));
839 
840         // Apply offset if necessary.
841         if (!Offset->isNullValue()) {
842           const llvm::Type *Type = llvm::Type::getInt8PtrTy(VMContext);
843           llvm::Constant *Casted = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(C, Type);
844           Casted = llvm::ConstantExpr::getGetElementPtr(Casted, &Offset, 1);
845           C = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(Casted, C->getType());
846         }
847 
848         // Convert to the appropriate type; this could be an lvalue for
849         // an integer.
850         if (isa<llvm::PointerType>(DestTy))
851           return llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(C, DestTy);
852 
853         return llvm::ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(C, DestTy);
854       } else {
855         C = Offset;
856 
857         // Convert to the appropriate type; this could be an lvalue for
858         // an integer.
859         if (isa<llvm::PointerType>(DestTy))
860           return llvm::ConstantExpr::getIntToPtr(C, DestTy);
861 
862         // If the types don't match this should only be a truncate.
863         if (C->getType() != DestTy)
864           return llvm::ConstantExpr::getTrunc(C, DestTy);
865 
866         return C;
867       }
868     }
869     case APValue::Int: {
870       llvm::Constant *C = llvm::ConstantInt::get(VMContext,
871                                                  Result.Val.getInt());
872 
873       if (C->getType() == llvm::Type::getInt1Ty(VMContext)) {
874         const llvm::Type *BoolTy = getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(E->getType());
875         C = llvm::ConstantExpr::getZExt(C, BoolTy);
876       }
877       return C;
878     }
879     case APValue::ComplexInt: {
880       llvm::Constant *Complex[2];
881 
882       Complex[0] = llvm::ConstantInt::get(VMContext,
883                                           Result.Val.getComplexIntReal());
884       Complex[1] = llvm::ConstantInt::get(VMContext,
885                                           Result.Val.getComplexIntImag());
886 
887       // FIXME: the target may want to specify that this is packed.
888       return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(VMContext, Complex, 2, false);
889     }
890     case APValue::Float:
891       return llvm::ConstantFP::get(VMContext, Result.Val.getFloat());
892     case APValue::ComplexFloat: {
893       llvm::Constant *Complex[2];
894 
895       Complex[0] = llvm::ConstantFP::get(VMContext,
896                                          Result.Val.getComplexFloatReal());
897       Complex[1] = llvm::ConstantFP::get(VMContext,
898                                          Result.Val.getComplexFloatImag());
899 
900       // FIXME: the target may want to specify that this is packed.
901       return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(VMContext, Complex, 2, false);
902     }
903     case APValue::Vector: {
904       llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Constant *, 4> Inits;
905       unsigned NumElts = Result.Val.getVectorLength();
906 
907       for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumElts; ++i) {
908         APValue &Elt = Result.Val.getVectorElt(i);
909         if (Elt.isInt())
910           Inits.push_back(llvm::ConstantInt::get(VMContext, Elt.getInt()));
911         else
912           Inits.push_back(llvm::ConstantFP::get(VMContext, Elt.getFloat()));
913       }
914       return llvm::ConstantVector::get(&Inits[0], Inits.size());
915     }
916     }
917   }
918 
919   llvm::Constant* C = ConstExprEmitter(*this, CGF).Visit(const_cast<Expr*>(E));
920   if (C && C->getType() == llvm::Type::getInt1Ty(VMContext)) {
921     const llvm::Type *BoolTy = getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(E->getType());
922     C = llvm::ConstantExpr::getZExt(C, BoolTy);
923   }
924   return C;
925 }
926 
927 static inline bool isDataMemberPointerType(QualType T) {
928   if (const MemberPointerType *MPT = T->getAs<MemberPointerType>())
929     return !MPT->getPointeeType()->isFunctionType();
930 
931   return false;
932 }
933 
934 llvm::Constant *CodeGenModule::EmitNullConstant(QualType T) {
935   // No need to check for member pointers when not compiling C++.
936   if (!getContext().getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
937     return llvm::Constant::getNullValue(getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(T));
938 
939   if (const ConstantArrayType *CAT = Context.getAsConstantArrayType(T)) {
940 
941     QualType ElementTy = CAT->getElementType();
942 
943     // FIXME: Handle arrays of structs that contain member pointers.
944     if (isDataMemberPointerType(Context.getBaseElementType(ElementTy))) {
945       llvm::Constant *Element = EmitNullConstant(ElementTy);
946       uint64_t NumElements = CAT->getSize().getZExtValue();
947       std::vector<llvm::Constant *> Array(NumElements);
948       for (uint64_t i = 0; i != NumElements; ++i)
949         Array[i] = Element;
950 
951       const llvm::ArrayType *ATy =
952         cast<llvm::ArrayType>(getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(T));
953       return llvm::ConstantArray::get(ATy, Array);
954     }
955   }
956 
957   if (const RecordType *RT = T->getAs<RecordType>()) {
958     const RecordDecl *RD = RT->getDecl();
959     // FIXME: It would be better if there was a way to explicitly compute the
960     // record layout instead of converting to a type.
961     Types.ConvertTagDeclType(RD);
962 
963     const CGRecordLayout &Layout = Types.getCGRecordLayout(RD);
964     if (Layout.containsMemberPointer()) {
965       assert(0 && "FIXME: No support for structs with member pointers yet!");
966     }
967   }
968 
969   // FIXME: Handle structs that contain member pointers.
970   if (isDataMemberPointerType(T))
971     return llvm::Constant::getAllOnesValue(getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(T));
972 
973   return llvm::Constant::getNullValue(getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(T));
974 }
975