1 //===--- CGExprConstant.cpp - Emit LLVM Code from Constant Expressions ----===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This contains code to emit Constant Expr nodes as LLVM code.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 
14 #include "CodeGenFunction.h"
15 #include "CodeGenModule.h"
16 #include "CGObjCRuntime.h"
17 #include "clang/AST/APValue.h"
18 #include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
19 #include "clang/AST/RecordLayout.h"
20 #include "clang/AST/StmtVisitor.h"
21 #include "clang/Basic/Builtins.h"
22 #include "llvm/Constants.h"
23 #include "llvm/Function.h"
24 #include "llvm/GlobalVariable.h"
25 #include "llvm/Target/TargetData.h"
26 using namespace clang;
27 using namespace CodeGen;
28 
29 namespace  {
30 class ConstStructBuilder {
31   CodeGenModule &CGM;
32   CodeGenFunction *CGF;
33 
34   bool Packed;
35 
36   unsigned NextFieldOffsetInBytes;
37 
38   unsigned LLVMStructAlignment;
39 
40   std::vector<llvm::Constant *> Elements;
41 
42   ConstStructBuilder(CodeGenModule &CGM, CodeGenFunction *CGF)
43     : CGM(CGM), CGF(CGF), Packed(false), NextFieldOffsetInBytes(0),
44     LLVMStructAlignment(1) { }
45 
46   bool AppendField(const FieldDecl *Field, uint64_t FieldOffset,
47                    const Expr *InitExpr) {
48     uint64_t FieldOffsetInBytes = FieldOffset / 8;
49 
50     assert(NextFieldOffsetInBytes <= FieldOffsetInBytes
51            && "Field offset mismatch!");
52 
53     // Emit the field.
54     llvm::Constant *C = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(InitExpr, Field->getType(), CGF);
55     if (!C)
56       return false;
57 
58     unsigned FieldAlignment = getAlignment(C);
59 
60     // Round up the field offset to the alignment of the field type.
61     uint64_t AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes =
62       llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(NextFieldOffsetInBytes, FieldAlignment);
63 
64     if (AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes > FieldOffsetInBytes) {
65       assert(!Packed && "Alignment is wrong even with a packed struct!");
66 
67       // Convert the struct to a packed struct.
68       ConvertStructToPacked();
69 
70       AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes = NextFieldOffsetInBytes;
71     }
72 
73     if (AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes < FieldOffsetInBytes) {
74       // We need to append padding.
75       AppendPadding(FieldOffsetInBytes - NextFieldOffsetInBytes);
76 
77       assert(NextFieldOffsetInBytes == FieldOffsetInBytes &&
78              "Did not add enough padding!");
79 
80       AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes = NextFieldOffsetInBytes;
81     }
82 
83     // Add the field.
84     Elements.push_back(C);
85     NextFieldOffsetInBytes = AlignedNextFieldOffsetInBytes + getSizeInBytes(C);
86 
87     if (Packed)
88       assert(LLVMStructAlignment == 1 && "Packed struct not byte-aligned!");
89     else
90       LLVMStructAlignment = std::max(LLVMStructAlignment, FieldAlignment);
91 
92     return true;
93   }
94 
95   bool AppendBitField(const FieldDecl *Field, uint64_t FieldOffset,
96                       const Expr *InitExpr) {
97     llvm::ConstantInt *CI =
98       cast_or_null<llvm::ConstantInt>(CGM.EmitConstantExpr(InitExpr,
99                                                            Field->getType(),
100                                                            CGF));
101     // FIXME: Can this ever happen?
102     if (!CI)
103       return false;
104 
105     if (FieldOffset > NextFieldOffsetInBytes * 8) {
106       // We need to add padding.
107       uint64_t NumBytes =
108         llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(FieldOffset -
109                                  NextFieldOffsetInBytes * 8, 8) / 8;
110 
111       AppendPadding(NumBytes);
112     }
113 
114     uint64_t FieldSize =
115       Field->getBitWidth()->EvaluateAsInt(CGM.getContext()).getZExtValue();
116 
117     llvm::APInt FieldValue = CI->getValue();
118 
119     // Promote the size of FieldValue if necessary
120     // FIXME: This should never occur, but currently it can because initializer
121     // constants are cast to bool, and because clang is not enforcing bitfield
122     // width limits.
123     if (FieldSize > FieldValue.getBitWidth())
124       FieldValue.zext(FieldSize);
125 
126     // Truncate the size of FieldValue to the bit field size.
127     if (FieldSize < FieldValue.getBitWidth())
128       FieldValue.trunc(FieldSize);
129 
130     if (FieldOffset < NextFieldOffsetInBytes * 8) {
131       // Either part of the field or the entire field can go into the previous
132       // byte.
133       assert(!Elements.empty() && "Elements can't be empty!");
134 
135       unsigned BitsInPreviousByte =
136         NextFieldOffsetInBytes * 8 - FieldOffset;
137 
138       bool FitsCompletelyInPreviousByte =
139         BitsInPreviousByte >= FieldValue.getBitWidth();
140 
141       llvm::APInt Tmp = FieldValue;
142 
143       if (!FitsCompletelyInPreviousByte) {
144         unsigned NewFieldWidth = FieldSize - BitsInPreviousByte;
145 
146         if (CGM.getTargetData().isBigEndian()) {
147           Tmp = Tmp.lshr(NewFieldWidth);
148           Tmp.trunc(BitsInPreviousByte);
149 
150           // We want the remaining high bits.
151           FieldValue.trunc(NewFieldWidth);
152         } else {
153           Tmp.trunc(BitsInPreviousByte);
154 
155           // We want the remaining low bits.
156           FieldValue = FieldValue.lshr(BitsInPreviousByte);
157           FieldValue.trunc(NewFieldWidth);
158         }
159       }
160 
161       Tmp.zext(8);
162       if (CGM.getTargetData().isBigEndian()) {
163         if (FitsCompletelyInPreviousByte)
164           Tmp = Tmp.shl(BitsInPreviousByte - FieldValue.getBitWidth());
165       } else {
166         Tmp = Tmp.shl(8 - BitsInPreviousByte);
167       }
168 
169       // Or in the bits that go into the previous byte.
170       Tmp |= cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(Elements.back())->getValue();
171       Elements.back() = llvm::ConstantInt::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(), Tmp);
172 
173       if (FitsCompletelyInPreviousByte)
174         return true;
175     }
176 
177     while (FieldValue.getBitWidth() > 8) {
178       llvm::APInt Tmp;
179 
180       if (CGM.getTargetData().isBigEndian()) {
181         // We want the high bits.
182         Tmp = FieldValue;
183         Tmp = Tmp.lshr(Tmp.getBitWidth() - 8);
184         Tmp.trunc(8);
185       } else {
186         // We want the low bits.
187         Tmp = FieldValue;
188         Tmp.trunc(8);
189 
190         FieldValue = FieldValue.lshr(8);
191       }
192 
193       Elements.push_back(llvm::ConstantInt::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(), Tmp));
194       NextFieldOffsetInBytes++;
195 
196       FieldValue.trunc(FieldValue.getBitWidth() - 8);
197     }
198 
199     assert(FieldValue.getBitWidth() > 0 &&
200            "Should have at least one bit left!");
201     assert(FieldValue.getBitWidth() <= 8 &&
202            "Should not have more than a byte left!");
203 
204     if (FieldValue.getBitWidth() < 8) {
205       if (CGM.getTargetData().isBigEndian()) {
206         unsigned BitWidth = FieldValue.getBitWidth();
207 
208         FieldValue.zext(8);
209         FieldValue = FieldValue << (8 - BitWidth);
210       } else
211         FieldValue.zext(8);
212     }
213 
214     // Append the last element.
215     Elements.push_back(llvm::ConstantInt::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(),
216                                               FieldValue));
217     NextFieldOffsetInBytes++;
218     return true;
219   }
220 
221   void AppendPadding(uint64_t NumBytes) {
222     if (!NumBytes)
223       return;
224 
225     const llvm::Type *Ty = llvm::Type::getInt8Ty(CGM.getLLVMContext());
226     if (NumBytes > 1)
227       Ty = llvm::ArrayType::get(Ty, NumBytes);
228 
229     llvm::Constant *C = llvm::UndefValue::get(Ty);
230     Elements.push_back(C);
231     assert(getAlignment(C) == 1 && "Padding must have 1 byte alignment!");
232 
233     NextFieldOffsetInBytes += getSizeInBytes(C);
234   }
235 
236   void AppendTailPadding(uint64_t RecordSize) {
237     assert(RecordSize % 8 == 0 && "Invalid record size!");
238 
239     uint64_t RecordSizeInBytes = RecordSize / 8;
240     assert(NextFieldOffsetInBytes <= RecordSizeInBytes && "Size mismatch!");
241 
242     unsigned NumPadBytes = RecordSizeInBytes - NextFieldOffsetInBytes;
243     AppendPadding(NumPadBytes);
244   }
245 
246   void ConvertStructToPacked() {
247     std::vector<llvm::Constant *> PackedElements;
248     uint64_t ElementOffsetInBytes = 0;
249 
250     for (unsigned i = 0, e = Elements.size(); i != e; ++i) {
251       llvm::Constant *C = Elements[i];
252 
253       unsigned ElementAlign =
254         CGM.getTargetData().getABITypeAlignment(C->getType());
255       uint64_t AlignedElementOffsetInBytes =
256         llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(ElementOffsetInBytes, ElementAlign);
257 
258       if (AlignedElementOffsetInBytes > ElementOffsetInBytes) {
259         // We need some padding.
260         uint64_t NumBytes =
261           AlignedElementOffsetInBytes - ElementOffsetInBytes;
262 
263         const llvm::Type *Ty = llvm::Type::getInt8Ty(CGM.getLLVMContext());
264         if (NumBytes > 1)
265           Ty = llvm::ArrayType::get(Ty, NumBytes);
266 
267         llvm::Constant *Padding = llvm::UndefValue::get(Ty);
268         PackedElements.push_back(Padding);
269         ElementOffsetInBytes += getSizeInBytes(Padding);
270       }
271 
272       PackedElements.push_back(C);
273       ElementOffsetInBytes += getSizeInBytes(C);
274     }
275 
276     assert(ElementOffsetInBytes == NextFieldOffsetInBytes &&
277            "Packing the struct changed its size!");
278 
279     Elements = PackedElements;
280     LLVMStructAlignment = 1;
281     Packed = true;
282   }
283 
284   bool Build(InitListExpr *ILE) {
285     RecordDecl *RD = ILE->getType()->getAs<RecordType>()->getDecl();
286     const ASTRecordLayout &Layout = CGM.getContext().getASTRecordLayout(RD);
287 
288     unsigned FieldNo = 0;
289     unsigned ElementNo = 0;
290     for (RecordDecl::field_iterator Field = RD->field_begin(),
291          FieldEnd = RD->field_end();
292          ElementNo < ILE->getNumInits() && Field != FieldEnd;
293          ++Field, ++FieldNo) {
294       if (RD->isUnion() && ILE->getInitializedFieldInUnion() != *Field)
295         continue;
296 
297       if (Field->isBitField()) {
298         if (!Field->getIdentifier())
299           continue;
300 
301         if (!AppendBitField(*Field, Layout.getFieldOffset(FieldNo),
302                             ILE->getInit(ElementNo)))
303           return false;
304       } else {
305         if (!AppendField(*Field, Layout.getFieldOffset(FieldNo),
306                          ILE->getInit(ElementNo)))
307           return false;
308       }
309 
310       ElementNo++;
311     }
312 
313     uint64_t LayoutSizeInBytes = Layout.getSize() / 8;
314 
315     if (NextFieldOffsetInBytes > LayoutSizeInBytes) {
316       // If the struct is bigger than the size of the record type,
317       // we must have a flexible array member at the end.
318       assert(RD->hasFlexibleArrayMember() &&
319              "Must have flexible array member if struct is bigger than type!");
320 
321       // No tail padding is necessary.
322       return true;
323     }
324 
325     uint64_t LLVMSizeInBytes = llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(NextFieldOffsetInBytes,
326                                                         LLVMStructAlignment);
327 
328     // Check if we need to convert the struct to a packed struct.
329     if (NextFieldOffsetInBytes <= LayoutSizeInBytes &&
330         LLVMSizeInBytes > LayoutSizeInBytes) {
331       assert(!Packed && "Size mismatch!");
332 
333       ConvertStructToPacked();
334       assert(NextFieldOffsetInBytes == LayoutSizeInBytes &&
335              "Converting to packed did not help!");
336     }
337 
338     // Append tail padding if necessary.
339     AppendTailPadding(Layout.getSize());
340 
341     assert(Layout.getSize() / 8 == NextFieldOffsetInBytes &&
342            "Tail padding mismatch!");
343 
344     return true;
345   }
346 
347   unsigned getAlignment(const llvm::Constant *C) const {
348     if (Packed)
349       return 1;
350 
351     return CGM.getTargetData().getABITypeAlignment(C->getType());
352   }
353 
354   uint64_t getSizeInBytes(const llvm::Constant *C) const {
355     return CGM.getTargetData().getTypeAllocSize(C->getType());
356   }
357 
358 public:
359   static llvm::Constant *BuildStruct(CodeGenModule &CGM, CodeGenFunction *CGF,
360                                      InitListExpr *ILE) {
361     ConstStructBuilder Builder(CGM, CGF);
362 
363     if (!Builder.Build(ILE))
364       return 0;
365 
366     llvm::Constant *Result =
367       llvm::ConstantStruct::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(),
368                                 Builder.Elements, Builder.Packed);
369 
370     assert(llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(Builder.NextFieldOffsetInBytes,
371                                     Builder.getAlignment(Result)) ==
372            Builder.getSizeInBytes(Result) && "Size mismatch!");
373 
374     return Result;
375   }
376 };
377 
378 class ConstExprEmitter :
379   public StmtVisitor<ConstExprEmitter, llvm::Constant*> {
380   CodeGenModule &CGM;
381   CodeGenFunction *CGF;
382   llvm::LLVMContext &VMContext;
383 public:
384   ConstExprEmitter(CodeGenModule &cgm, CodeGenFunction *cgf)
385     : CGM(cgm), CGF(cgf), VMContext(cgm.getLLVMContext()) {
386   }
387 
388   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
389   //                            Visitor Methods
390   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
391 
392   llvm::Constant *VisitStmt(Stmt *S) {
393     return 0;
394   }
395 
396   llvm::Constant *VisitParenExpr(ParenExpr *PE) {
397     return Visit(PE->getSubExpr());
398   }
399 
400   llvm::Constant *VisitCompoundLiteralExpr(CompoundLiteralExpr *E) {
401     return Visit(E->getInitializer());
402   }
403 
404   llvm::Constant *EmitMemberFunctionPointer(CXXMethodDecl *MD) {
405     assert(MD->isInstance() && "Member function must not be static!");
406 
407     const llvm::Type *PtrDiffTy =
408       CGM.getTypes().ConvertType(CGM.getContext().getPointerDiffType());
409 
410     llvm::Constant *Values[2];
411 
412     // Get the function pointer (or index if this is a virtual function).
413     if (MD->isVirtual()) {
414       uint64_t Index = CGM.getVtableInfo().getMethodVtableIndex(MD);
415 
416       // The pointer is 1 + the virtual table offset in bytes.
417       Values[0] = llvm::ConstantInt::get(PtrDiffTy, (Index * 8) + 1);
418     } else {
419       llvm::Constant *FuncPtr = CGM.GetAddrOfFunction(MD);
420 
421       Values[0] = llvm::ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(FuncPtr, PtrDiffTy);
422     }
423 
424     // The adjustment will always be 0.
425     Values[1] = llvm::ConstantInt::get(PtrDiffTy, 0);
426 
427     return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(),
428                                      Values, 2, /*Packed=*/false);
429   }
430 
431   llvm::Constant *VisitUnaryAddrOf(UnaryOperator *E) {
432     if (const MemberPointerType *MPT =
433         E->getType()->getAs<MemberPointerType>()) {
434       QualType T = MPT->getPointeeType();
435       if (T->isFunctionProtoType()) {
436         DeclRefExpr *DRE = cast<DeclRefExpr>(E->getSubExpr());
437 
438         return EmitMemberFunctionPointer(cast<CXXMethodDecl>(DRE->getDecl()));
439       }
440 
441       // FIXME: Should we handle other member pointer types here too,
442       // or should they be handled by Expr::Evaluate?
443     }
444 
445     return 0;
446   }
447 
448   llvm::Constant *VisitBinSub(BinaryOperator *E) {
449     // This must be a pointer/pointer subtraction.  This only happens for
450     // address of label.
451     if (!isa<AddrLabelExpr>(E->getLHS()->IgnoreParenNoopCasts(CGM.getContext())) ||
452        !isa<AddrLabelExpr>(E->getRHS()->IgnoreParenNoopCasts(CGM.getContext())))
453       return 0;
454 
455     llvm::Constant *LHS = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(E->getLHS(),
456                                                E->getLHS()->getType(), CGF);
457     llvm::Constant *RHS = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(E->getRHS(),
458                                                E->getRHS()->getType(), CGF);
459 
460     const llvm::Type *ResultType = ConvertType(E->getType());
461     LHS = llvm::ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(LHS, ResultType);
462     RHS = llvm::ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(RHS, ResultType);
463 
464     // No need to divide by element size, since addr of label is always void*,
465     // which has size 1 in GNUish.
466     return llvm::ConstantExpr::getSub(LHS, RHS);
467   }
468 
469   llvm::Constant *VisitCastExpr(CastExpr* E) {
470     switch (E->getCastKind()) {
471     case CastExpr::CK_ToUnion: {
472       // GCC cast to union extension
473       assert(E->getType()->isUnionType() &&
474              "Destination type is not union type!");
475       const llvm::Type *Ty = ConvertType(E->getType());
476       Expr *SubExpr = E->getSubExpr();
477 
478       llvm::Constant *C =
479         CGM.EmitConstantExpr(SubExpr, SubExpr->getType(), CGF);
480       if (!C)
481         return 0;
482 
483       // Build a struct with the union sub-element as the first member,
484       // and padded to the appropriate size
485       std::vector<llvm::Constant*> Elts;
486       std::vector<const llvm::Type*> Types;
487       Elts.push_back(C);
488       Types.push_back(C->getType());
489       unsigned CurSize = CGM.getTargetData().getTypeAllocSize(C->getType());
490       unsigned TotalSize = CGM.getTargetData().getTypeAllocSize(Ty);
491 
492       assert(CurSize <= TotalSize && "Union size mismatch!");
493       if (unsigned NumPadBytes = TotalSize - CurSize) {
494         const llvm::Type *Ty = llvm::Type::getInt8Ty(VMContext);
495         if (NumPadBytes > 1)
496           Ty = llvm::ArrayType::get(Ty, NumPadBytes);
497 
498         Elts.push_back(llvm::UndefValue::get(Ty));
499         Types.push_back(Ty);
500       }
501 
502       llvm::StructType* STy =
503         llvm::StructType::get(C->getType()->getContext(), Types, false);
504       return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(STy, Elts);
505     }
506     case CastExpr::CK_NullToMemberPointer:
507       return CGM.EmitNullConstant(E->getType());
508 
509     case CastExpr::CK_BaseToDerivedMemberPointer: {
510       Expr *SubExpr = E->getSubExpr();
511 
512       const MemberPointerType *SrcTy =
513         SubExpr->getType()->getAs<MemberPointerType>();
514       const MemberPointerType *DestTy =
515         E->getType()->getAs<MemberPointerType>();
516 
517       const CXXRecordDecl *BaseClass =
518         cast<CXXRecordDecl>(cast<RecordType>(SrcTy->getClass())->getDecl());
519       const CXXRecordDecl *DerivedClass =
520         cast<CXXRecordDecl>(cast<RecordType>(DestTy->getClass())->getDecl());
521 
522       if (SrcTy->getPointeeType()->isFunctionProtoType()) {
523         llvm::Constant *C =
524           CGM.EmitConstantExpr(SubExpr, SubExpr->getType(), CGF);
525         if (!C)
526           return 0;
527 
528         llvm::ConstantStruct *CS = cast<llvm::ConstantStruct>(C);
529 
530         // Check if we need to update the adjustment.
531         if (llvm::Constant *Offset = CGM.GetCXXBaseClassOffset(DerivedClass,
532                                                                BaseClass)) {
533           llvm::Constant *Values[2];
534 
535           Values[0] = CS->getOperand(0);
536           Values[1] = llvm::ConstantExpr::getAdd(CS->getOperand(1), Offset);
537           return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(CGM.getLLVMContext(), Values, 2,
538                                            /*Packed=*/false);
539         }
540 
541         return CS;
542       }
543     }
544 
545     case CastExpr::CK_BitCast:
546       // This must be a member function pointer cast.
547       return Visit(E->getSubExpr());
548 
549     default: {
550       // FIXME: This should be handled by the CK_NoOp cast kind.
551       // Explicit and implicit no-op casts
552       QualType Ty = E->getType(), SubTy = E->getSubExpr()->getType();
553       if (CGM.getContext().hasSameUnqualifiedType(Ty, SubTy))
554         return Visit(E->getSubExpr());
555 
556       // Handle integer->integer casts for address-of-label differences.
557       if (Ty->isIntegerType() && SubTy->isIntegerType() &&
558           CGF) {
559         llvm::Value *Src = Visit(E->getSubExpr());
560         if (Src == 0) return 0;
561 
562         // Use EmitScalarConversion to perform the conversion.
563         return cast<llvm::Constant>(CGF->EmitScalarConversion(Src, SubTy, Ty));
564       }
565 
566       return 0;
567     }
568     }
569   }
570 
571   llvm::Constant *VisitCXXDefaultArgExpr(CXXDefaultArgExpr *DAE) {
572     return Visit(DAE->getExpr());
573   }
574 
575   llvm::Constant *EmitArrayInitialization(InitListExpr *ILE) {
576     std::vector<llvm::Constant*> Elts;
577     const llvm::ArrayType *AType =
578         cast<llvm::ArrayType>(ConvertType(ILE->getType()));
579     unsigned NumInitElements = ILE->getNumInits();
580     // FIXME: Check for wide strings
581     // FIXME: Check for NumInitElements exactly equal to 1??
582     if (NumInitElements > 0 &&
583         (isa<StringLiteral>(ILE->getInit(0)) ||
584          isa<ObjCEncodeExpr>(ILE->getInit(0))) &&
585         ILE->getType()->getArrayElementTypeNoTypeQual()->isCharType())
586       return Visit(ILE->getInit(0));
587     const llvm::Type *ElemTy = AType->getElementType();
588     unsigned NumElements = AType->getNumElements();
589 
590     // Initialising an array requires us to automatically
591     // initialise any elements that have not been initialised explicitly
592     unsigned NumInitableElts = std::min(NumInitElements, NumElements);
593 
594     // Copy initializer elements.
595     unsigned i = 0;
596     bool RewriteType = false;
597     for (; i < NumInitableElts; ++i) {
598       Expr *Init = ILE->getInit(i);
599       llvm::Constant *C = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(Init, Init->getType(), CGF);
600       if (!C)
601         return 0;
602       RewriteType |= (C->getType() != ElemTy);
603       Elts.push_back(C);
604     }
605 
606     // Initialize remaining array elements.
607     // FIXME: This doesn't handle member pointers correctly!
608     for (; i < NumElements; ++i)
609       Elts.push_back(llvm::Constant::getNullValue(ElemTy));
610 
611     if (RewriteType) {
612       // FIXME: Try to avoid packing the array
613       std::vector<const llvm::Type*> Types;
614       for (unsigned i = 0; i < Elts.size(); ++i)
615         Types.push_back(Elts[i]->getType());
616       const llvm::StructType *SType = llvm::StructType::get(AType->getContext(),
617                                                             Types, true);
618       return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(SType, Elts);
619     }
620 
621     return llvm::ConstantArray::get(AType, Elts);
622   }
623 
624   llvm::Constant *EmitStructInitialization(InitListExpr *ILE) {
625     return ConstStructBuilder::BuildStruct(CGM, CGF, ILE);
626   }
627 
628   llvm::Constant *EmitUnionInitialization(InitListExpr *ILE) {
629     return ConstStructBuilder::BuildStruct(CGM, CGF, ILE);
630   }
631 
632   llvm::Constant *EmitVectorInitialization(InitListExpr *ILE) {
633     const llvm::VectorType *VType =
634         cast<llvm::VectorType>(ConvertType(ILE->getType()));
635     const llvm::Type *ElemTy = VType->getElementType();
636     std::vector<llvm::Constant*> Elts;
637     unsigned NumElements = VType->getNumElements();
638     unsigned NumInitElements = ILE->getNumInits();
639 
640     unsigned NumInitableElts = std::min(NumInitElements, NumElements);
641 
642     // Copy initializer elements.
643     unsigned i = 0;
644     for (; i < NumInitableElts; ++i) {
645       Expr *Init = ILE->getInit(i);
646       llvm::Constant *C = CGM.EmitConstantExpr(Init, Init->getType(), CGF);
647       if (!C)
648         return 0;
649       Elts.push_back(C);
650     }
651 
652     for (; i < NumElements; ++i)
653       Elts.push_back(llvm::Constant::getNullValue(ElemTy));
654 
655     return llvm::ConstantVector::get(VType, Elts);
656   }
657 
658   llvm::Constant *VisitImplicitValueInitExpr(ImplicitValueInitExpr* E) {
659     return CGM.EmitNullConstant(E->getType());
660   }
661 
662   llvm::Constant *VisitInitListExpr(InitListExpr *ILE) {
663     if (ILE->getType()->isScalarType()) {
664       // We have a scalar in braces. Just use the first element.
665       if (ILE->getNumInits() > 0) {
666         Expr *Init = ILE->getInit(0);
667         return CGM.EmitConstantExpr(Init, Init->getType(), CGF);
668       }
669       return CGM.EmitNullConstant(ILE->getType());
670     }
671 
672     if (ILE->getType()->isArrayType())
673       return EmitArrayInitialization(ILE);
674 
675     if (ILE->getType()->isRecordType())
676       return EmitStructInitialization(ILE);
677 
678     if (ILE->getType()->isUnionType())
679       return EmitUnionInitialization(ILE);
680 
681     if (ILE->getType()->isVectorType())
682       return EmitVectorInitialization(ILE);
683 
684     assert(0 && "Unable to handle InitListExpr");
685     // Get rid of control reaches end of void function warning.
686     // Not reached.
687     return 0;
688   }
689 
690   llvm::Constant *VisitStringLiteral(StringLiteral *E) {
691     assert(!E->getType()->isPointerType() && "Strings are always arrays");
692 
693     // This must be a string initializing an array in a static initializer.
694     // Don't emit it as the address of the string, emit the string data itself
695     // as an inline array.
696     return llvm::ConstantArray::get(VMContext,
697                                     CGM.GetStringForStringLiteral(E), false);
698   }
699 
700   llvm::Constant *VisitObjCEncodeExpr(ObjCEncodeExpr *E) {
701     // This must be an @encode initializing an array in a static initializer.
702     // Don't emit it as the address of the string, emit the string data itself
703     // as an inline array.
704     std::string Str;
705     CGM.getContext().getObjCEncodingForType(E->getEncodedType(), Str);
706     const ConstantArrayType *CAT = cast<ConstantArrayType>(E->getType());
707 
708     // Resize the string to the right size, adding zeros at the end, or
709     // truncating as needed.
710     Str.resize(CAT->getSize().getZExtValue(), '\0');
711     return llvm::ConstantArray::get(VMContext, Str, false);
712   }
713 
714   llvm::Constant *VisitUnaryExtension(const UnaryOperator *E) {
715     return Visit(E->getSubExpr());
716   }
717 
718   // Utility methods
719   const llvm::Type *ConvertType(QualType T) {
720     return CGM.getTypes().ConvertType(T);
721   }
722 
723 public:
724   llvm::Constant *EmitLValue(Expr *E) {
725     switch (E->getStmtClass()) {
726     default: break;
727     case Expr::CompoundLiteralExprClass: {
728       // Note that due to the nature of compound literals, this is guaranteed
729       // to be the only use of the variable, so we just generate it here.
730       CompoundLiteralExpr *CLE = cast<CompoundLiteralExpr>(E);
731       llvm::Constant* C = Visit(CLE->getInitializer());
732       // FIXME: "Leaked" on failure.
733       if (C)
734         C = new llvm::GlobalVariable(CGM.getModule(), C->getType(),
735                                      E->getType().isConstant(CGM.getContext()),
736                                      llvm::GlobalValue::InternalLinkage,
737                                      C, ".compoundliteral", 0, false,
738                                      E->getType().getAddressSpace());
739       return C;
740     }
741     case Expr::DeclRefExprClass: {
742       NamedDecl *Decl = cast<DeclRefExpr>(E)->getDecl();
743       if (const FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(Decl))
744         return CGM.GetAddrOfFunction(FD);
745       if (const VarDecl* VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(Decl)) {
746         // We can never refer to a variable with local storage.
747         if (!VD->hasLocalStorage()) {
748           if (VD->isFileVarDecl() || VD->hasExternalStorage())
749             return CGM.GetAddrOfGlobalVar(VD);
750           else if (VD->isBlockVarDecl()) {
751             assert(CGF && "Can't access static local vars without CGF");
752             return CGF->GetAddrOfStaticLocalVar(VD);
753           }
754         }
755       }
756       break;
757     }
758     case Expr::StringLiteralClass:
759       return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantStringFromLiteral(cast<StringLiteral>(E));
760     case Expr::ObjCEncodeExprClass:
761       return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantStringFromObjCEncode(cast<ObjCEncodeExpr>(E));
762     case Expr::ObjCStringLiteralClass: {
763       ObjCStringLiteral* SL = cast<ObjCStringLiteral>(E);
764       llvm::Constant *C = CGM.getObjCRuntime().GenerateConstantString(SL);
765       return llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(C, ConvertType(E->getType()));
766     }
767     case Expr::PredefinedExprClass: {
768       unsigned Type = cast<PredefinedExpr>(E)->getIdentType();
769       if (CGF) {
770         LValue Res = CGF->EmitPredefinedFunctionName(Type);
771         return cast<llvm::Constant>(Res.getAddress());
772       } else if (Type == PredefinedExpr::PrettyFunction) {
773         return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantCString("top level", ".tmp");
774       }
775 
776       return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantCString("", ".tmp");
777     }
778     case Expr::AddrLabelExprClass: {
779       assert(CGF && "Invalid address of label expression outside function.");
780       llvm::Constant *Ptr =
781         CGF->GetAddrOfLabel(cast<AddrLabelExpr>(E)->getLabel());
782       return llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(Ptr, ConvertType(E->getType()));
783     }
784     case Expr::CallExprClass: {
785       CallExpr* CE = cast<CallExpr>(E);
786       if (CE->isBuiltinCall(CGM.getContext()) !=
787             Builtin::BI__builtin___CFStringMakeConstantString)
788         break;
789       const Expr *Arg = CE->getArg(0)->IgnoreParenCasts();
790       const StringLiteral *Literal = cast<StringLiteral>(Arg);
791       // FIXME: need to deal with UCN conversion issues.
792       return CGM.GetAddrOfConstantCFString(Literal);
793     }
794     case Expr::BlockExprClass: {
795       std::string FunctionName;
796       if (CGF)
797         FunctionName = CGF->CurFn->getName();
798       else
799         FunctionName = "global";
800 
801       return CGM.GetAddrOfGlobalBlock(cast<BlockExpr>(E), FunctionName.c_str());
802     }
803     }
804 
805     return 0;
806   }
807 };
808 
809 }  // end anonymous namespace.
810 
811 llvm::Constant *CodeGenModule::EmitConstantExpr(const Expr *E,
812                                                 QualType DestType,
813                                                 CodeGenFunction *CGF) {
814   Expr::EvalResult Result;
815 
816   bool Success = false;
817 
818   if (DestType->isReferenceType())
819     Success = E->EvaluateAsLValue(Result, Context);
820   else
821     Success = E->Evaluate(Result, Context);
822 
823   if (Success && !Result.HasSideEffects) {
824     switch (Result.Val.getKind()) {
825     case APValue::Uninitialized:
826       assert(0 && "Constant expressions should be initialized.");
827       return 0;
828     case APValue::LValue: {
829       const llvm::Type *DestTy = getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(DestType);
830       llvm::Constant *Offset =
831         llvm::ConstantInt::get(llvm::Type::getInt64Ty(VMContext),
832                                Result.Val.getLValueOffset());
833 
834       llvm::Constant *C;
835       if (const Expr *LVBase = Result.Val.getLValueBase()) {
836         C = ConstExprEmitter(*this, CGF).EmitLValue(const_cast<Expr*>(LVBase));
837 
838         // Apply offset if necessary.
839         if (!Offset->isNullValue()) {
840           const llvm::Type *Type = llvm::Type::getInt8PtrTy(VMContext);
841           llvm::Constant *Casted = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(C, Type);
842           Casted = llvm::ConstantExpr::getGetElementPtr(Casted, &Offset, 1);
843           C = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(Casted, C->getType());
844         }
845 
846         // Convert to the appropriate type; this could be an lvalue for
847         // an integer.
848         if (isa<llvm::PointerType>(DestTy))
849           return llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(C, DestTy);
850 
851         return llvm::ConstantExpr::getPtrToInt(C, DestTy);
852       } else {
853         C = Offset;
854 
855         // Convert to the appropriate type; this could be an lvalue for
856         // an integer.
857         if (isa<llvm::PointerType>(DestTy))
858           return llvm::ConstantExpr::getIntToPtr(C, DestTy);
859 
860         // If the types don't match this should only be a truncate.
861         if (C->getType() != DestTy)
862           return llvm::ConstantExpr::getTrunc(C, DestTy);
863 
864         return C;
865       }
866     }
867     case APValue::Int: {
868       llvm::Constant *C = llvm::ConstantInt::get(VMContext,
869                                                  Result.Val.getInt());
870 
871       if (C->getType() == llvm::Type::getInt1Ty(VMContext)) {
872         const llvm::Type *BoolTy = getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(E->getType());
873         C = llvm::ConstantExpr::getZExt(C, BoolTy);
874       }
875       return C;
876     }
877     case APValue::ComplexInt: {
878       llvm::Constant *Complex[2];
879 
880       Complex[0] = llvm::ConstantInt::get(VMContext,
881                                           Result.Val.getComplexIntReal());
882       Complex[1] = llvm::ConstantInt::get(VMContext,
883                                           Result.Val.getComplexIntImag());
884 
885       // FIXME: the target may want to specify that this is packed.
886       return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(VMContext, Complex, 2, false);
887     }
888     case APValue::Float:
889       return llvm::ConstantFP::get(VMContext, Result.Val.getFloat());
890     case APValue::ComplexFloat: {
891       llvm::Constant *Complex[2];
892 
893       Complex[0] = llvm::ConstantFP::get(VMContext,
894                                          Result.Val.getComplexFloatReal());
895       Complex[1] = llvm::ConstantFP::get(VMContext,
896                                          Result.Val.getComplexFloatImag());
897 
898       // FIXME: the target may want to specify that this is packed.
899       return llvm::ConstantStruct::get(VMContext, Complex, 2, false);
900     }
901     case APValue::Vector: {
902       llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Constant *, 4> Inits;
903       unsigned NumElts = Result.Val.getVectorLength();
904 
905       for (unsigned i = 0; i != NumElts; ++i) {
906         APValue &Elt = Result.Val.getVectorElt(i);
907         if (Elt.isInt())
908           Inits.push_back(llvm::ConstantInt::get(VMContext, Elt.getInt()));
909         else
910           Inits.push_back(llvm::ConstantFP::get(VMContext, Elt.getFloat()));
911       }
912       return llvm::ConstantVector::get(&Inits[0], Inits.size());
913     }
914     }
915   }
916 
917   llvm::Constant* C = ConstExprEmitter(*this, CGF).Visit(const_cast<Expr*>(E));
918   if (C && C->getType() == llvm::Type::getInt1Ty(VMContext)) {
919     const llvm::Type *BoolTy = getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(E->getType());
920     C = llvm::ConstantExpr::getZExt(C, BoolTy);
921   }
922   return C;
923 }
924 
925 static inline bool isDataMemberPointerType(QualType T) {
926   if (const MemberPointerType *MPT = T->getAs<MemberPointerType>())
927     return !MPT->getPointeeType()->isFunctionType();
928 
929   return false;
930 }
931 
932 llvm::Constant *CodeGenModule::EmitNullConstant(QualType T) {
933   // No need to check for member pointers when not compiling C++.
934   if (!getContext().getLangOptions().CPlusPlus)
935     return llvm::Constant::getNullValue(getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(T));
936 
937   if (const ConstantArrayType *CAT = Context.getAsConstantArrayType(T)) {
938 
939     QualType ElementTy = CAT->getElementType();
940 
941     // FIXME: Handle arrays of structs that contain member pointers.
942     if (isDataMemberPointerType(Context.getBaseElementType(ElementTy))) {
943       llvm::Constant *Element = EmitNullConstant(ElementTy);
944       uint64_t NumElements = CAT->getSize().getZExtValue();
945       std::vector<llvm::Constant *> Array(NumElements);
946       for (uint64_t i = 0; i != NumElements; ++i)
947         Array[i] = Element;
948 
949       const llvm::ArrayType *ATy =
950         cast<llvm::ArrayType>(getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(T));
951       return llvm::ConstantArray::get(ATy, Array);
952     }
953   }
954 
955   if (const RecordType *RT = T->getAs<RecordType>()) {
956     const RecordDecl *RD = RT->getDecl();
957     // FIXME: It would be better if there was a way to explicitly compute the
958     // record layout instead of converting to a type.
959     Types.ConvertTagDeclType(RD);
960 
961     const CGRecordLayout &Layout = Types.getCGRecordLayout(RD);
962     if (Layout.containsMemberPointer()) {
963       assert(0 && "FIXME: No support for structs with member pointers yet!");
964     }
965   }
966 
967   // FIXME: Handle structs that contain member pointers.
968   if (isDataMemberPointerType(T))
969     return llvm::Constant::getAllOnesValue(getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(T));
970 
971   return llvm::Constant::getNullValue(getTypes().ConvertTypeForMem(T));
972 }
973