xref: /llvm-project-15.0.7/clang/lib/AST/Expr.cpp (revision 45faf47e)
1 //===--- Expr.cpp - Expression AST Node Implementation --------------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file implements the Expr class and subclasses.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 
14 #include "clang/AST/APValue.h"
15 #include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
16 #include "clang/AST/Attr.h"
17 #include "clang/AST/DeclCXX.h"
18 #include "clang/AST/DeclObjC.h"
19 #include "clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h"
20 #include "clang/AST/EvaluatedExprVisitor.h"
21 #include "clang/AST/Expr.h"
22 #include "clang/AST/ExprCXX.h"
23 #include "clang/AST/Mangle.h"
24 #include "clang/AST/RecordLayout.h"
25 #include "clang/AST/StmtVisitor.h"
26 #include "clang/Basic/Builtins.h"
27 #include "clang/Basic/CharInfo.h"
28 #include "clang/Basic/SourceManager.h"
29 #include "clang/Basic/TargetInfo.h"
30 #include "clang/Lex/Lexer.h"
31 #include "clang/Lex/LiteralSupport.h"
32 #include "clang/Sema/SemaDiagnostic.h"
33 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
34 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
35 #include <algorithm>
36 #include <cstring>
37 using namespace clang;
38 
39 const CXXRecordDecl *Expr::getBestDynamicClassType() const {
40   const Expr *E = ignoreParenBaseCasts();
41 
42   QualType DerivedType = E->getType();
43   if (const PointerType *PTy = DerivedType->getAs<PointerType>())
44     DerivedType = PTy->getPointeeType();
45 
46   if (DerivedType->isDependentType())
47     return nullptr;
48 
49   const RecordType *Ty = DerivedType->castAs<RecordType>();
50   Decl *D = Ty->getDecl();
51   return cast<CXXRecordDecl>(D);
52 }
53 
54 const Expr *Expr::skipRValueSubobjectAdjustments(
55     SmallVectorImpl<const Expr *> &CommaLHSs,
56     SmallVectorImpl<SubobjectAdjustment> &Adjustments) const {
57   const Expr *E = this;
58   while (true) {
59     E = E->IgnoreParens();
60 
61     if (const CastExpr *CE = dyn_cast<CastExpr>(E)) {
62       if ((CE->getCastKind() == CK_DerivedToBase ||
63            CE->getCastKind() == CK_UncheckedDerivedToBase) &&
64           E->getType()->isRecordType()) {
65         E = CE->getSubExpr();
66         CXXRecordDecl *Derived
67           = cast<CXXRecordDecl>(E->getType()->getAs<RecordType>()->getDecl());
68         Adjustments.push_back(SubobjectAdjustment(CE, Derived));
69         continue;
70       }
71 
72       if (CE->getCastKind() == CK_NoOp) {
73         E = CE->getSubExpr();
74         continue;
75       }
76     } else if (const MemberExpr *ME = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(E)) {
77       if (!ME->isArrow()) {
78         assert(ME->getBase()->getType()->isRecordType());
79         if (FieldDecl *Field = dyn_cast<FieldDecl>(ME->getMemberDecl())) {
80           if (!Field->isBitField() && !Field->getType()->isReferenceType()) {
81             E = ME->getBase();
82             Adjustments.push_back(SubobjectAdjustment(Field));
83             continue;
84           }
85         }
86       }
87     } else if (const BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E)) {
88       if (BO->isPtrMemOp()) {
89         assert(BO->getRHS()->isRValue());
90         E = BO->getLHS();
91         const MemberPointerType *MPT =
92           BO->getRHS()->getType()->getAs<MemberPointerType>();
93         Adjustments.push_back(SubobjectAdjustment(MPT, BO->getRHS()));
94         continue;
95       } else if (BO->getOpcode() == BO_Comma) {
96         CommaLHSs.push_back(BO->getLHS());
97         E = BO->getRHS();
98         continue;
99       }
100     }
101 
102     // Nothing changed.
103     break;
104   }
105   return E;
106 }
107 
108 /// isKnownToHaveBooleanValue - Return true if this is an integer expression
109 /// that is known to return 0 or 1.  This happens for _Bool/bool expressions
110 /// but also int expressions which are produced by things like comparisons in
111 /// C.
112 bool Expr::isKnownToHaveBooleanValue() const {
113   const Expr *E = IgnoreParens();
114 
115   // If this value has _Bool type, it is obvious 0/1.
116   if (E->getType()->isBooleanType()) return true;
117   // If this is a non-scalar-integer type, we don't care enough to try.
118   if (!E->getType()->isIntegralOrEnumerationType()) return false;
119 
120   if (const UnaryOperator *UO = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(E)) {
121     switch (UO->getOpcode()) {
122     case UO_Plus:
123       return UO->getSubExpr()->isKnownToHaveBooleanValue();
124     case UO_LNot:
125       return true;
126     default:
127       return false;
128     }
129   }
130 
131   // Only look through implicit casts.  If the user writes
132   // '(int) (a && b)' treat it as an arbitrary int.
133   if (const ImplicitCastExpr *CE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E))
134     return CE->getSubExpr()->isKnownToHaveBooleanValue();
135 
136   if (const BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E)) {
137     switch (BO->getOpcode()) {
138     default: return false;
139     case BO_LT:   // Relational operators.
140     case BO_GT:
141     case BO_LE:
142     case BO_GE:
143     case BO_EQ:   // Equality operators.
144     case BO_NE:
145     case BO_LAnd: // AND operator.
146     case BO_LOr:  // Logical OR operator.
147       return true;
148 
149     case BO_And:  // Bitwise AND operator.
150     case BO_Xor:  // Bitwise XOR operator.
151     case BO_Or:   // Bitwise OR operator.
152       // Handle things like (x==2)|(y==12).
153       return BO->getLHS()->isKnownToHaveBooleanValue() &&
154              BO->getRHS()->isKnownToHaveBooleanValue();
155 
156     case BO_Comma:
157     case BO_Assign:
158       return BO->getRHS()->isKnownToHaveBooleanValue();
159     }
160   }
161 
162   if (const ConditionalOperator *CO = dyn_cast<ConditionalOperator>(E))
163     return CO->getTrueExpr()->isKnownToHaveBooleanValue() &&
164            CO->getFalseExpr()->isKnownToHaveBooleanValue();
165 
166   return false;
167 }
168 
169 // Amusing macro metaprogramming hack: check whether a class provides
170 // a more specific implementation of getExprLoc().
171 //
172 // See also Stmt.cpp:{getLocStart(),getLocEnd()}.
173 namespace {
174   /// This implementation is used when a class provides a custom
175   /// implementation of getExprLoc.
176   template <class E, class T>
177   SourceLocation getExprLocImpl(const Expr *expr,
178                                 SourceLocation (T::*v)() const) {
179     return static_cast<const E*>(expr)->getExprLoc();
180   }
181 
182   /// This implementation is used when a class doesn't provide
183   /// a custom implementation of getExprLoc.  Overload resolution
184   /// should pick it over the implementation above because it's
185   /// more specialized according to function template partial ordering.
186   template <class E>
187   SourceLocation getExprLocImpl(const Expr *expr,
188                                 SourceLocation (Expr::*v)() const) {
189     return static_cast<const E*>(expr)->getLocStart();
190   }
191 }
192 
193 SourceLocation Expr::getExprLoc() const {
194   switch (getStmtClass()) {
195   case Stmt::NoStmtClass: llvm_unreachable("statement without class");
196 #define ABSTRACT_STMT(type)
197 #define STMT(type, base) \
198   case Stmt::type##Class: break;
199 #define EXPR(type, base) \
200   case Stmt::type##Class: return getExprLocImpl<type>(this, &type::getExprLoc);
201 #include "clang/AST/StmtNodes.inc"
202   }
203   llvm_unreachable("unknown expression kind");
204 }
205 
206 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
207 // Primary Expressions.
208 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
209 
210 /// \brief Compute the type-, value-, and instantiation-dependence of a
211 /// declaration reference
212 /// based on the declaration being referenced.
213 static void computeDeclRefDependence(const ASTContext &Ctx, NamedDecl *D,
214                                      QualType T, bool &TypeDependent,
215                                      bool &ValueDependent,
216                                      bool &InstantiationDependent) {
217   TypeDependent = false;
218   ValueDependent = false;
219   InstantiationDependent = false;
220 
221   // (TD) C++ [temp.dep.expr]p3:
222   //   An id-expression is type-dependent if it contains:
223   //
224   // and
225   //
226   // (VD) C++ [temp.dep.constexpr]p2:
227   //  An identifier is value-dependent if it is:
228 
229   //  (TD)  - an identifier that was declared with dependent type
230   //  (VD)  - a name declared with a dependent type,
231   if (T->isDependentType()) {
232     TypeDependent = true;
233     ValueDependent = true;
234     InstantiationDependent = true;
235     return;
236   } else if (T->isInstantiationDependentType()) {
237     InstantiationDependent = true;
238   }
239 
240   //  (TD)  - a conversion-function-id that specifies a dependent type
241   if (D->getDeclName().getNameKind()
242                                 == DeclarationName::CXXConversionFunctionName) {
243     QualType T = D->getDeclName().getCXXNameType();
244     if (T->isDependentType()) {
245       TypeDependent = true;
246       ValueDependent = true;
247       InstantiationDependent = true;
248       return;
249     }
250 
251     if (T->isInstantiationDependentType())
252       InstantiationDependent = true;
253   }
254 
255   //  (VD)  - the name of a non-type template parameter,
256   if (isa<NonTypeTemplateParmDecl>(D)) {
257     ValueDependent = true;
258     InstantiationDependent = true;
259     return;
260   }
261 
262   //  (VD) - a constant with integral or enumeration type and is
263   //         initialized with an expression that is value-dependent.
264   //  (VD) - a constant with literal type and is initialized with an
265   //         expression that is value-dependent [C++11].
266   //  (VD) - FIXME: Missing from the standard:
267   //       -  an entity with reference type and is initialized with an
268   //          expression that is value-dependent [C++11]
269   if (VarDecl *Var = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(D)) {
270     if ((Ctx.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11 ?
271            Var->getType()->isLiteralType(Ctx) :
272            Var->getType()->isIntegralOrEnumerationType()) &&
273         (Var->getType().isConstQualified() ||
274          Var->getType()->isReferenceType())) {
275       if (const Expr *Init = Var->getAnyInitializer())
276         if (Init->isValueDependent()) {
277           ValueDependent = true;
278           InstantiationDependent = true;
279         }
280     }
281 
282     // (VD) - FIXME: Missing from the standard:
283     //      -  a member function or a static data member of the current
284     //         instantiation
285     if (Var->isStaticDataMember() &&
286         Var->getDeclContext()->isDependentContext()) {
287       ValueDependent = true;
288       InstantiationDependent = true;
289       TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = Var->getFirstDecl()->getTypeSourceInfo();
290       if (TInfo->getType()->isIncompleteArrayType())
291         TypeDependent = true;
292     }
293 
294     return;
295   }
296 
297   // (VD) - FIXME: Missing from the standard:
298   //      -  a member function or a static data member of the current
299   //         instantiation
300   if (isa<CXXMethodDecl>(D) && D->getDeclContext()->isDependentContext()) {
301     ValueDependent = true;
302     InstantiationDependent = true;
303   }
304 }
305 
306 void DeclRefExpr::computeDependence(const ASTContext &Ctx) {
307   bool TypeDependent = false;
308   bool ValueDependent = false;
309   bool InstantiationDependent = false;
310   computeDeclRefDependence(Ctx, getDecl(), getType(), TypeDependent,
311                            ValueDependent, InstantiationDependent);
312 
313   ExprBits.TypeDependent |= TypeDependent;
314   ExprBits.ValueDependent |= ValueDependent;
315   ExprBits.InstantiationDependent |= InstantiationDependent;
316 
317   // Is the declaration a parameter pack?
318   if (getDecl()->isParameterPack())
319     ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
320 }
321 
322 DeclRefExpr::DeclRefExpr(const ASTContext &Ctx,
323                          NestedNameSpecifierLoc QualifierLoc,
324                          SourceLocation TemplateKWLoc,
325                          ValueDecl *D, bool RefersToEnclosingVariableOrCapture,
326                          const DeclarationNameInfo &NameInfo,
327                          NamedDecl *FoundD,
328                          const TemplateArgumentListInfo *TemplateArgs,
329                          QualType T, ExprValueKind VK)
330   : Expr(DeclRefExprClass, T, VK, OK_Ordinary, false, false, false, false),
331     D(D), Loc(NameInfo.getLoc()), DNLoc(NameInfo.getInfo()) {
332   DeclRefExprBits.HasQualifier = QualifierLoc ? 1 : 0;
333   if (QualifierLoc) {
334     getInternalQualifierLoc() = QualifierLoc;
335     auto *NNS = QualifierLoc.getNestedNameSpecifier();
336     if (NNS->isInstantiationDependent())
337       ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
338     if (NNS->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
339       ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
340   }
341   DeclRefExprBits.HasFoundDecl = FoundD ? 1 : 0;
342   if (FoundD)
343     getInternalFoundDecl() = FoundD;
344   DeclRefExprBits.HasTemplateKWAndArgsInfo
345     = (TemplateArgs || TemplateKWLoc.isValid()) ? 1 : 0;
346   DeclRefExprBits.RefersToEnclosingVariableOrCapture =
347       RefersToEnclosingVariableOrCapture;
348   if (TemplateArgs) {
349     bool Dependent = false;
350     bool InstantiationDependent = false;
351     bool ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = false;
352     getTemplateKWAndArgsInfo()->initializeFrom(TemplateKWLoc, *TemplateArgs,
353                                                Dependent,
354                                                InstantiationDependent,
355                                                ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack);
356     assert(!Dependent && "built a DeclRefExpr with dependent template args");
357     ExprBits.InstantiationDependent |= InstantiationDependent;
358     ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack |= ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack;
359   } else if (TemplateKWLoc.isValid()) {
360     getTemplateKWAndArgsInfo()->initializeFrom(TemplateKWLoc);
361   }
362   DeclRefExprBits.HadMultipleCandidates = 0;
363 
364   computeDependence(Ctx);
365 }
366 
367 DeclRefExpr *DeclRefExpr::Create(const ASTContext &Context,
368                                  NestedNameSpecifierLoc QualifierLoc,
369                                  SourceLocation TemplateKWLoc,
370                                  ValueDecl *D,
371                                  bool RefersToEnclosingVariableOrCapture,
372                                  SourceLocation NameLoc,
373                                  QualType T,
374                                  ExprValueKind VK,
375                                  NamedDecl *FoundD,
376                                  const TemplateArgumentListInfo *TemplateArgs) {
377   return Create(Context, QualifierLoc, TemplateKWLoc, D,
378                 RefersToEnclosingVariableOrCapture,
379                 DeclarationNameInfo(D->getDeclName(), NameLoc),
380                 T, VK, FoundD, TemplateArgs);
381 }
382 
383 DeclRefExpr *DeclRefExpr::Create(const ASTContext &Context,
384                                  NestedNameSpecifierLoc QualifierLoc,
385                                  SourceLocation TemplateKWLoc,
386                                  ValueDecl *D,
387                                  bool RefersToEnclosingVariableOrCapture,
388                                  const DeclarationNameInfo &NameInfo,
389                                  QualType T,
390                                  ExprValueKind VK,
391                                  NamedDecl *FoundD,
392                                  const TemplateArgumentListInfo *TemplateArgs) {
393   // Filter out cases where the found Decl is the same as the value refenenced.
394   if (D == FoundD)
395     FoundD = nullptr;
396 
397   std::size_t Size = sizeof(DeclRefExpr);
398   if (QualifierLoc)
399     Size += sizeof(NestedNameSpecifierLoc);
400   if (FoundD)
401     Size += sizeof(NamedDecl *);
402   if (TemplateArgs) {
403     Size = llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(Size,
404                                     llvm::alignOf<ASTTemplateKWAndArgsInfo>());
405     Size += ASTTemplateKWAndArgsInfo::sizeFor(TemplateArgs->size());
406   } else if (TemplateKWLoc.isValid()) {
407     Size = llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(Size,
408                                     llvm::alignOf<ASTTemplateKWAndArgsInfo>());
409     Size += ASTTemplateKWAndArgsInfo::sizeFor(0);
410   }
411 
412   void *Mem = Context.Allocate(Size, llvm::alignOf<DeclRefExpr>());
413   return new (Mem) DeclRefExpr(Context, QualifierLoc, TemplateKWLoc, D,
414                                RefersToEnclosingVariableOrCapture,
415                                NameInfo, FoundD, TemplateArgs, T, VK);
416 }
417 
418 DeclRefExpr *DeclRefExpr::CreateEmpty(const ASTContext &Context,
419                                       bool HasQualifier,
420                                       bool HasFoundDecl,
421                                       bool HasTemplateKWAndArgsInfo,
422                                       unsigned NumTemplateArgs) {
423   std::size_t Size = sizeof(DeclRefExpr);
424   if (HasQualifier)
425     Size += sizeof(NestedNameSpecifierLoc);
426   if (HasFoundDecl)
427     Size += sizeof(NamedDecl *);
428   if (HasTemplateKWAndArgsInfo) {
429     Size = llvm::RoundUpToAlignment(Size,
430                                     llvm::alignOf<ASTTemplateKWAndArgsInfo>());
431     Size += ASTTemplateKWAndArgsInfo::sizeFor(NumTemplateArgs);
432   }
433 
434   void *Mem = Context.Allocate(Size, llvm::alignOf<DeclRefExpr>());
435   return new (Mem) DeclRefExpr(EmptyShell());
436 }
437 
438 SourceLocation DeclRefExpr::getLocStart() const {
439   if (hasQualifier())
440     return getQualifierLoc().getBeginLoc();
441   return getNameInfo().getLocStart();
442 }
443 SourceLocation DeclRefExpr::getLocEnd() const {
444   if (hasExplicitTemplateArgs())
445     return getRAngleLoc();
446   return getNameInfo().getLocEnd();
447 }
448 
449 PredefinedExpr::PredefinedExpr(SourceLocation L, QualType FNTy, IdentType IT,
450                                StringLiteral *SL)
451     : Expr(PredefinedExprClass, FNTy, VK_LValue, OK_Ordinary,
452            FNTy->isDependentType(), FNTy->isDependentType(),
453            FNTy->isInstantiationDependentType(),
454            /*ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack=*/false),
455       Loc(L), Type(IT), FnName(SL) {}
456 
457 StringLiteral *PredefinedExpr::getFunctionName() {
458   return cast_or_null<StringLiteral>(FnName);
459 }
460 
461 StringRef PredefinedExpr::getIdentTypeName(PredefinedExpr::IdentType IT) {
462   switch (IT) {
463   case Func:
464     return "__func__";
465   case Function:
466     return "__FUNCTION__";
467   case FuncDName:
468     return "__FUNCDNAME__";
469   case LFunction:
470     return "L__FUNCTION__";
471   case PrettyFunction:
472     return "__PRETTY_FUNCTION__";
473   case FuncSig:
474     return "__FUNCSIG__";
475   case PrettyFunctionNoVirtual:
476     break;
477   }
478   llvm_unreachable("Unknown ident type for PredefinedExpr");
479 }
480 
481 // FIXME: Maybe this should use DeclPrinter with a special "print predefined
482 // expr" policy instead.
483 std::string PredefinedExpr::ComputeName(IdentType IT, const Decl *CurrentDecl) {
484   ASTContext &Context = CurrentDecl->getASTContext();
485 
486   if (IT == PredefinedExpr::FuncDName) {
487     if (const NamedDecl *ND = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(CurrentDecl)) {
488       std::unique_ptr<MangleContext> MC;
489       MC.reset(Context.createMangleContext());
490 
491       if (MC->shouldMangleDeclName(ND)) {
492         SmallString<256> Buffer;
493         llvm::raw_svector_ostream Out(Buffer);
494         if (const CXXConstructorDecl *CD = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(ND))
495           MC->mangleCXXCtor(CD, Ctor_Base, Out);
496         else if (const CXXDestructorDecl *DD = dyn_cast<CXXDestructorDecl>(ND))
497           MC->mangleCXXDtor(DD, Dtor_Base, Out);
498         else
499           MC->mangleName(ND, Out);
500 
501         if (!Buffer.empty() && Buffer.front() == '\01')
502           return Buffer.substr(1);
503         return Buffer.str();
504       } else
505         return ND->getIdentifier()->getName();
506     }
507     return "";
508   }
509   if (auto *BD = dyn_cast<BlockDecl>(CurrentDecl)) {
510     std::unique_ptr<MangleContext> MC;
511     MC.reset(Context.createMangleContext());
512     SmallString<256> Buffer;
513     llvm::raw_svector_ostream Out(Buffer);
514     auto DC = CurrentDecl->getDeclContext();
515     if (DC->isFileContext())
516       MC->mangleGlobalBlock(BD, /*ID*/ nullptr, Out);
517     else if (const auto *CD = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(DC))
518       MC->mangleCtorBlock(CD, /*CT*/ Ctor_Complete, BD, Out);
519     else if (const auto *DD = dyn_cast<CXXDestructorDecl>(DC))
520       MC->mangleDtorBlock(DD, /*DT*/ Dtor_Complete, BD, Out);
521     else
522       MC->mangleBlock(DC, BD, Out);
523     return Out.str();
524   }
525   if (const FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(CurrentDecl)) {
526     if (IT != PrettyFunction && IT != PrettyFunctionNoVirtual && IT != FuncSig)
527       return FD->getNameAsString();
528 
529     SmallString<256> Name;
530     llvm::raw_svector_ostream Out(Name);
531 
532     if (const CXXMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(FD)) {
533       if (MD->isVirtual() && IT != PrettyFunctionNoVirtual)
534         Out << "virtual ";
535       if (MD->isStatic())
536         Out << "static ";
537     }
538 
539     PrintingPolicy Policy(Context.getLangOpts());
540     std::string Proto;
541     llvm::raw_string_ostream POut(Proto);
542 
543     const FunctionDecl *Decl = FD;
544     if (const FunctionDecl* Pattern = FD->getTemplateInstantiationPattern())
545       Decl = Pattern;
546     const FunctionType *AFT = Decl->getType()->getAs<FunctionType>();
547     const FunctionProtoType *FT = nullptr;
548     if (FD->hasWrittenPrototype())
549       FT = dyn_cast<FunctionProtoType>(AFT);
550 
551     if (IT == FuncSig) {
552       switch (FT->getCallConv()) {
553       case CC_C: POut << "__cdecl "; break;
554       case CC_X86StdCall: POut << "__stdcall "; break;
555       case CC_X86FastCall: POut << "__fastcall "; break;
556       case CC_X86ThisCall: POut << "__thiscall "; break;
557       case CC_X86VectorCall: POut << "__vectorcall "; break;
558       // Only bother printing the conventions that MSVC knows about.
559       default: break;
560       }
561     }
562 
563     FD->printQualifiedName(POut, Policy);
564 
565     POut << "(";
566     if (FT) {
567       for (unsigned i = 0, e = Decl->getNumParams(); i != e; ++i) {
568         if (i) POut << ", ";
569         POut << Decl->getParamDecl(i)->getType().stream(Policy);
570       }
571 
572       if (FT->isVariadic()) {
573         if (FD->getNumParams()) POut << ", ";
574         POut << "...";
575       }
576     }
577     POut << ")";
578 
579     if (const CXXMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(FD)) {
580       const FunctionType *FT = MD->getType()->castAs<FunctionType>();
581       if (FT->isConst())
582         POut << " const";
583       if (FT->isVolatile())
584         POut << " volatile";
585       RefQualifierKind Ref = MD->getRefQualifier();
586       if (Ref == RQ_LValue)
587         POut << " &";
588       else if (Ref == RQ_RValue)
589         POut << " &&";
590     }
591 
592     typedef SmallVector<const ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl *, 8> SpecsTy;
593     SpecsTy Specs;
594     const DeclContext *Ctx = FD->getDeclContext();
595     while (Ctx && isa<NamedDecl>(Ctx)) {
596       const ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl *Spec
597                                = dyn_cast<ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl>(Ctx);
598       if (Spec && !Spec->isExplicitSpecialization())
599         Specs.push_back(Spec);
600       Ctx = Ctx->getParent();
601     }
602 
603     std::string TemplateParams;
604     llvm::raw_string_ostream TOut(TemplateParams);
605     for (SpecsTy::reverse_iterator I = Specs.rbegin(), E = Specs.rend();
606          I != E; ++I) {
607       const TemplateParameterList *Params
608                   = (*I)->getSpecializedTemplate()->getTemplateParameters();
609       const TemplateArgumentList &Args = (*I)->getTemplateArgs();
610       assert(Params->size() == Args.size());
611       for (unsigned i = 0, numParams = Params->size(); i != numParams; ++i) {
612         StringRef Param = Params->getParam(i)->getName();
613         if (Param.empty()) continue;
614         TOut << Param << " = ";
615         Args.get(i).print(Policy, TOut);
616         TOut << ", ";
617       }
618     }
619 
620     FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo *FSI
621                                           = FD->getTemplateSpecializationInfo();
622     if (FSI && !FSI->isExplicitSpecialization()) {
623       const TemplateParameterList* Params
624                                   = FSI->getTemplate()->getTemplateParameters();
625       const TemplateArgumentList* Args = FSI->TemplateArguments;
626       assert(Params->size() == Args->size());
627       for (unsigned i = 0, e = Params->size(); i != e; ++i) {
628         StringRef Param = Params->getParam(i)->getName();
629         if (Param.empty()) continue;
630         TOut << Param << " = ";
631         Args->get(i).print(Policy, TOut);
632         TOut << ", ";
633       }
634     }
635 
636     TOut.flush();
637     if (!TemplateParams.empty()) {
638       // remove the trailing comma and space
639       TemplateParams.resize(TemplateParams.size() - 2);
640       POut << " [" << TemplateParams << "]";
641     }
642 
643     POut.flush();
644 
645     // Print "auto" for all deduced return types. This includes C++1y return
646     // type deduction and lambdas. For trailing return types resolve the
647     // decltype expression. Otherwise print the real type when this is
648     // not a constructor or destructor.
649     if (isa<CXXMethodDecl>(FD) &&
650          cast<CXXMethodDecl>(FD)->getParent()->isLambda())
651       Proto = "auto " + Proto;
652     else if (FT && FT->getReturnType()->getAs<DecltypeType>())
653       FT->getReturnType()
654           ->getAs<DecltypeType>()
655           ->getUnderlyingType()
656           .getAsStringInternal(Proto, Policy);
657     else if (!isa<CXXConstructorDecl>(FD) && !isa<CXXDestructorDecl>(FD))
658       AFT->getReturnType().getAsStringInternal(Proto, Policy);
659 
660     Out << Proto;
661 
662     return Name.str().str();
663   }
664   if (const CapturedDecl *CD = dyn_cast<CapturedDecl>(CurrentDecl)) {
665     for (const DeclContext *DC = CD->getParent(); DC; DC = DC->getParent())
666       // Skip to its enclosing function or method, but not its enclosing
667       // CapturedDecl.
668       if (DC->isFunctionOrMethod() && (DC->getDeclKind() != Decl::Captured)) {
669         const Decl *D = Decl::castFromDeclContext(DC);
670         return ComputeName(IT, D);
671       }
672     llvm_unreachable("CapturedDecl not inside a function or method");
673   }
674   if (const ObjCMethodDecl *MD = dyn_cast<ObjCMethodDecl>(CurrentDecl)) {
675     SmallString<256> Name;
676     llvm::raw_svector_ostream Out(Name);
677     Out << (MD->isInstanceMethod() ? '-' : '+');
678     Out << '[';
679 
680     // For incorrect code, there might not be an ObjCInterfaceDecl.  Do
681     // a null check to avoid a crash.
682     if (const ObjCInterfaceDecl *ID = MD->getClassInterface())
683       Out << *ID;
684 
685     if (const ObjCCategoryImplDecl *CID =
686         dyn_cast<ObjCCategoryImplDecl>(MD->getDeclContext()))
687       Out << '(' << *CID << ')';
688 
689     Out <<  ' ';
690     MD->getSelector().print(Out);
691     Out <<  ']';
692 
693     return Name.str().str();
694   }
695   if (isa<TranslationUnitDecl>(CurrentDecl) && IT == PrettyFunction) {
696     // __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ -> "top level", the others produce an empty string.
697     return "top level";
698   }
699   return "";
700 }
701 
702 void APNumericStorage::setIntValue(const ASTContext &C,
703                                    const llvm::APInt &Val) {
704   if (hasAllocation())
705     C.Deallocate(pVal);
706 
707   BitWidth = Val.getBitWidth();
708   unsigned NumWords = Val.getNumWords();
709   const uint64_t* Words = Val.getRawData();
710   if (NumWords > 1) {
711     pVal = new (C) uint64_t[NumWords];
712     std::copy(Words, Words + NumWords, pVal);
713   } else if (NumWords == 1)
714     VAL = Words[0];
715   else
716     VAL = 0;
717 }
718 
719 IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral(const ASTContext &C, const llvm::APInt &V,
720                                QualType type, SourceLocation l)
721   : Expr(IntegerLiteralClass, type, VK_RValue, OK_Ordinary, false, false,
722          false, false),
723     Loc(l) {
724   assert(type->isIntegerType() && "Illegal type in IntegerLiteral");
725   assert(V.getBitWidth() == C.getIntWidth(type) &&
726          "Integer type is not the correct size for constant.");
727   setValue(C, V);
728 }
729 
730 IntegerLiteral *
731 IntegerLiteral::Create(const ASTContext &C, const llvm::APInt &V,
732                        QualType type, SourceLocation l) {
733   return new (C) IntegerLiteral(C, V, type, l);
734 }
735 
736 IntegerLiteral *
737 IntegerLiteral::Create(const ASTContext &C, EmptyShell Empty) {
738   return new (C) IntegerLiteral(Empty);
739 }
740 
741 FloatingLiteral::FloatingLiteral(const ASTContext &C, const llvm::APFloat &V,
742                                  bool isexact, QualType Type, SourceLocation L)
743   : Expr(FloatingLiteralClass, Type, VK_RValue, OK_Ordinary, false, false,
744          false, false), Loc(L) {
745   setSemantics(V.getSemantics());
746   FloatingLiteralBits.IsExact = isexact;
747   setValue(C, V);
748 }
749 
750 FloatingLiteral::FloatingLiteral(const ASTContext &C, EmptyShell Empty)
751   : Expr(FloatingLiteralClass, Empty) {
752   setRawSemantics(IEEEhalf);
753   FloatingLiteralBits.IsExact = false;
754 }
755 
756 FloatingLiteral *
757 FloatingLiteral::Create(const ASTContext &C, const llvm::APFloat &V,
758                         bool isexact, QualType Type, SourceLocation L) {
759   return new (C) FloatingLiteral(C, V, isexact, Type, L);
760 }
761 
762 FloatingLiteral *
763 FloatingLiteral::Create(const ASTContext &C, EmptyShell Empty) {
764   return new (C) FloatingLiteral(C, Empty);
765 }
766 
767 const llvm::fltSemantics &FloatingLiteral::getSemantics() const {
768   switch(FloatingLiteralBits.Semantics) {
769   case IEEEhalf:
770     return llvm::APFloat::IEEEhalf;
771   case IEEEsingle:
772     return llvm::APFloat::IEEEsingle;
773   case IEEEdouble:
774     return llvm::APFloat::IEEEdouble;
775   case x87DoubleExtended:
776     return llvm::APFloat::x87DoubleExtended;
777   case IEEEquad:
778     return llvm::APFloat::IEEEquad;
779   case PPCDoubleDouble:
780     return llvm::APFloat::PPCDoubleDouble;
781   }
782   llvm_unreachable("Unrecognised floating semantics");
783 }
784 
785 void FloatingLiteral::setSemantics(const llvm::fltSemantics &Sem) {
786   if (&Sem == &llvm::APFloat::IEEEhalf)
787     FloatingLiteralBits.Semantics = IEEEhalf;
788   else if (&Sem == &llvm::APFloat::IEEEsingle)
789     FloatingLiteralBits.Semantics = IEEEsingle;
790   else if (&Sem == &llvm::APFloat::IEEEdouble)
791     FloatingLiteralBits.Semantics = IEEEdouble;
792   else if (&Sem == &llvm::APFloat::x87DoubleExtended)
793     FloatingLiteralBits.Semantics = x87DoubleExtended;
794   else if (&Sem == &llvm::APFloat::IEEEquad)
795     FloatingLiteralBits.Semantics = IEEEquad;
796   else if (&Sem == &llvm::APFloat::PPCDoubleDouble)
797     FloatingLiteralBits.Semantics = PPCDoubleDouble;
798   else
799     llvm_unreachable("Unknown floating semantics");
800 }
801 
802 /// getValueAsApproximateDouble - This returns the value as an inaccurate
803 /// double.  Note that this may cause loss of precision, but is useful for
804 /// debugging dumps, etc.
805 double FloatingLiteral::getValueAsApproximateDouble() const {
806   llvm::APFloat V = getValue();
807   bool ignored;
808   V.convert(llvm::APFloat::IEEEdouble, llvm::APFloat::rmNearestTiesToEven,
809             &ignored);
810   return V.convertToDouble();
811 }
812 
813 int StringLiteral::mapCharByteWidth(TargetInfo const &target,StringKind k) {
814   int CharByteWidth = 0;
815   switch(k) {
816     case Ascii:
817     case UTF8:
818       CharByteWidth = target.getCharWidth();
819       break;
820     case Wide:
821       CharByteWidth = target.getWCharWidth();
822       break;
823     case UTF16:
824       CharByteWidth = target.getChar16Width();
825       break;
826     case UTF32:
827       CharByteWidth = target.getChar32Width();
828       break;
829   }
830   assert((CharByteWidth & 7) == 0 && "Assumes character size is byte multiple");
831   CharByteWidth /= 8;
832   assert((CharByteWidth==1 || CharByteWidth==2 || CharByteWidth==4)
833          && "character byte widths supported are 1, 2, and 4 only");
834   return CharByteWidth;
835 }
836 
837 StringLiteral *StringLiteral::Create(const ASTContext &C, StringRef Str,
838                                      StringKind Kind, bool Pascal, QualType Ty,
839                                      const SourceLocation *Loc,
840                                      unsigned NumStrs) {
841   assert(C.getAsConstantArrayType(Ty) &&
842          "StringLiteral must be of constant array type!");
843 
844   // Allocate enough space for the StringLiteral plus an array of locations for
845   // any concatenated string tokens.
846   void *Mem = C.Allocate(sizeof(StringLiteral)+
847                          sizeof(SourceLocation)*(NumStrs-1),
848                          llvm::alignOf<StringLiteral>());
849   StringLiteral *SL = new (Mem) StringLiteral(Ty);
850 
851   // OPTIMIZE: could allocate this appended to the StringLiteral.
852   SL->setString(C,Str,Kind,Pascal);
853 
854   SL->TokLocs[0] = Loc[0];
855   SL->NumConcatenated = NumStrs;
856 
857   if (NumStrs != 1)
858     memcpy(&SL->TokLocs[1], Loc+1, sizeof(SourceLocation)*(NumStrs-1));
859   return SL;
860 }
861 
862 StringLiteral *StringLiteral::CreateEmpty(const ASTContext &C,
863                                           unsigned NumStrs) {
864   void *Mem = C.Allocate(sizeof(StringLiteral)+
865                          sizeof(SourceLocation)*(NumStrs-1),
866                          llvm::alignOf<StringLiteral>());
867   StringLiteral *SL = new (Mem) StringLiteral(QualType());
868   SL->CharByteWidth = 0;
869   SL->Length = 0;
870   SL->NumConcatenated = NumStrs;
871   return SL;
872 }
873 
874 void StringLiteral::outputString(raw_ostream &OS) const {
875   switch (getKind()) {
876   case Ascii: break; // no prefix.
877   case Wide:  OS << 'L'; break;
878   case UTF8:  OS << "u8"; break;
879   case UTF16: OS << 'u'; break;
880   case UTF32: OS << 'U'; break;
881   }
882   OS << '"';
883   static const char Hex[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
884 
885   unsigned LastSlashX = getLength();
886   for (unsigned I = 0, N = getLength(); I != N; ++I) {
887     switch (uint32_t Char = getCodeUnit(I)) {
888     default:
889       // FIXME: Convert UTF-8 back to codepoints before rendering.
890 
891       // Convert UTF-16 surrogate pairs back to codepoints before rendering.
892       // Leave invalid surrogates alone; we'll use \x for those.
893       if (getKind() == UTF16 && I != N - 1 && Char >= 0xd800 &&
894           Char <= 0xdbff) {
895         uint32_t Trail = getCodeUnit(I + 1);
896         if (Trail >= 0xdc00 && Trail <= 0xdfff) {
897           Char = 0x10000 + ((Char - 0xd800) << 10) + (Trail - 0xdc00);
898           ++I;
899         }
900       }
901 
902       if (Char > 0xff) {
903         // If this is a wide string, output characters over 0xff using \x
904         // escapes. Otherwise, this is a UTF-16 or UTF-32 string, and Char is a
905         // codepoint: use \x escapes for invalid codepoints.
906         if (getKind() == Wide ||
907             (Char >= 0xd800 && Char <= 0xdfff) || Char >= 0x110000) {
908           // FIXME: Is this the best way to print wchar_t?
909           OS << "\\x";
910           int Shift = 28;
911           while ((Char >> Shift) == 0)
912             Shift -= 4;
913           for (/**/; Shift >= 0; Shift -= 4)
914             OS << Hex[(Char >> Shift) & 15];
915           LastSlashX = I;
916           break;
917         }
918 
919         if (Char > 0xffff)
920           OS << "\\U00"
921              << Hex[(Char >> 20) & 15]
922              << Hex[(Char >> 16) & 15];
923         else
924           OS << "\\u";
925         OS << Hex[(Char >> 12) & 15]
926            << Hex[(Char >>  8) & 15]
927            << Hex[(Char >>  4) & 15]
928            << Hex[(Char >>  0) & 15];
929         break;
930       }
931 
932       // If we used \x... for the previous character, and this character is a
933       // hexadecimal digit, prevent it being slurped as part of the \x.
934       if (LastSlashX + 1 == I) {
935         switch (Char) {
936           case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
937           case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
938           case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e': case 'f':
939           case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F':
940             OS << "\"\"";
941         }
942       }
943 
944       assert(Char <= 0xff &&
945              "Characters above 0xff should already have been handled.");
946 
947       if (isPrintable(Char))
948         OS << (char)Char;
949       else  // Output anything hard as an octal escape.
950         OS << '\\'
951            << (char)('0' + ((Char >> 6) & 7))
952            << (char)('0' + ((Char >> 3) & 7))
953            << (char)('0' + ((Char >> 0) & 7));
954       break;
955     // Handle some common non-printable cases to make dumps prettier.
956     case '\\': OS << "\\\\"; break;
957     case '"': OS << "\\\""; break;
958     case '\n': OS << "\\n"; break;
959     case '\t': OS << "\\t"; break;
960     case '\a': OS << "\\a"; break;
961     case '\b': OS << "\\b"; break;
962     }
963   }
964   OS << '"';
965 }
966 
967 void StringLiteral::setString(const ASTContext &C, StringRef Str,
968                               StringKind Kind, bool IsPascal) {
969   //FIXME: we assume that the string data comes from a target that uses the same
970   // code unit size and endianess for the type of string.
971   this->Kind = Kind;
972   this->IsPascal = IsPascal;
973 
974   CharByteWidth = mapCharByteWidth(C.getTargetInfo(),Kind);
975   assert((Str.size()%CharByteWidth == 0)
976          && "size of data must be multiple of CharByteWidth");
977   Length = Str.size()/CharByteWidth;
978 
979   switch(CharByteWidth) {
980     case 1: {
981       char *AStrData = new (C) char[Length];
982       std::memcpy(AStrData,Str.data(),Length*sizeof(*AStrData));
983       StrData.asChar = AStrData;
984       break;
985     }
986     case 2: {
987       uint16_t *AStrData = new (C) uint16_t[Length];
988       std::memcpy(AStrData,Str.data(),Length*sizeof(*AStrData));
989       StrData.asUInt16 = AStrData;
990       break;
991     }
992     case 4: {
993       uint32_t *AStrData = new (C) uint32_t[Length];
994       std::memcpy(AStrData,Str.data(),Length*sizeof(*AStrData));
995       StrData.asUInt32 = AStrData;
996       break;
997     }
998     default:
999       assert(false && "unsupported CharByteWidth");
1000   }
1001 }
1002 
1003 /// getLocationOfByte - Return a source location that points to the specified
1004 /// byte of this string literal.
1005 ///
1006 /// Strings are amazingly complex.  They can be formed from multiple tokens and
1007 /// can have escape sequences in them in addition to the usual trigraph and
1008 /// escaped newline business.  This routine handles this complexity.
1009 ///
1010 SourceLocation StringLiteral::
1011 getLocationOfByte(unsigned ByteNo, const SourceManager &SM,
1012                   const LangOptions &Features, const TargetInfo &Target) const {
1013   assert((Kind == StringLiteral::Ascii || Kind == StringLiteral::UTF8) &&
1014          "Only narrow string literals are currently supported");
1015 
1016   // Loop over all of the tokens in this string until we find the one that
1017   // contains the byte we're looking for.
1018   unsigned TokNo = 0;
1019   while (1) {
1020     assert(TokNo < getNumConcatenated() && "Invalid byte number!");
1021     SourceLocation StrTokLoc = getStrTokenLoc(TokNo);
1022 
1023     // Get the spelling of the string so that we can get the data that makes up
1024     // the string literal, not the identifier for the macro it is potentially
1025     // expanded through.
1026     SourceLocation StrTokSpellingLoc = SM.getSpellingLoc(StrTokLoc);
1027 
1028     // Re-lex the token to get its length and original spelling.
1029     std::pair<FileID, unsigned> LocInfo =SM.getDecomposedLoc(StrTokSpellingLoc);
1030     bool Invalid = false;
1031     StringRef Buffer = SM.getBufferData(LocInfo.first, &Invalid);
1032     if (Invalid)
1033       return StrTokSpellingLoc;
1034 
1035     const char *StrData = Buffer.data()+LocInfo.second;
1036 
1037     // Create a lexer starting at the beginning of this token.
1038     Lexer TheLexer(SM.getLocForStartOfFile(LocInfo.first), Features,
1039                    Buffer.begin(), StrData, Buffer.end());
1040     Token TheTok;
1041     TheLexer.LexFromRawLexer(TheTok);
1042 
1043     // Use the StringLiteralParser to compute the length of the string in bytes.
1044     StringLiteralParser SLP(TheTok, SM, Features, Target);
1045     unsigned TokNumBytes = SLP.GetStringLength();
1046 
1047     // If the byte is in this token, return the location of the byte.
1048     if (ByteNo < TokNumBytes ||
1049         (ByteNo == TokNumBytes && TokNo == getNumConcatenated() - 1)) {
1050       unsigned Offset = SLP.getOffsetOfStringByte(TheTok, ByteNo);
1051 
1052       // Now that we know the offset of the token in the spelling, use the
1053       // preprocessor to get the offset in the original source.
1054       return Lexer::AdvanceToTokenCharacter(StrTokLoc, Offset, SM, Features);
1055     }
1056 
1057     // Move to the next string token.
1058     ++TokNo;
1059     ByteNo -= TokNumBytes;
1060   }
1061 }
1062 
1063 
1064 
1065 /// getOpcodeStr - Turn an Opcode enum value into the punctuation char it
1066 /// corresponds to, e.g. "sizeof" or "[pre]++".
1067 StringRef UnaryOperator::getOpcodeStr(Opcode Op) {
1068   switch (Op) {
1069   case UO_PostInc: return "++";
1070   case UO_PostDec: return "--";
1071   case UO_PreInc:  return "++";
1072   case UO_PreDec:  return "--";
1073   case UO_AddrOf:  return "&";
1074   case UO_Deref:   return "*";
1075   case UO_Plus:    return "+";
1076   case UO_Minus:   return "-";
1077   case UO_Not:     return "~";
1078   case UO_LNot:    return "!";
1079   case UO_Real:    return "__real";
1080   case UO_Imag:    return "__imag";
1081   case UO_Extension: return "__extension__";
1082   case UO_Coawait: return "co_await";
1083   }
1084   llvm_unreachable("Unknown unary operator");
1085 }
1086 
1087 UnaryOperatorKind
1088 UnaryOperator::getOverloadedOpcode(OverloadedOperatorKind OO, bool Postfix) {
1089   switch (OO) {
1090   default: llvm_unreachable("No unary operator for overloaded function");
1091   case OO_PlusPlus:   return Postfix ? UO_PostInc : UO_PreInc;
1092   case OO_MinusMinus: return Postfix ? UO_PostDec : UO_PreDec;
1093   case OO_Amp:        return UO_AddrOf;
1094   case OO_Star:       return UO_Deref;
1095   case OO_Plus:       return UO_Plus;
1096   case OO_Minus:      return UO_Minus;
1097   case OO_Tilde:      return UO_Not;
1098   case OO_Exclaim:    return UO_LNot;
1099   case OO_Coawait:    return UO_Coawait;
1100   }
1101 }
1102 
1103 OverloadedOperatorKind UnaryOperator::getOverloadedOperator(Opcode Opc) {
1104   switch (Opc) {
1105   case UO_PostInc: case UO_PreInc: return OO_PlusPlus;
1106   case UO_PostDec: case UO_PreDec: return OO_MinusMinus;
1107   case UO_AddrOf: return OO_Amp;
1108   case UO_Deref: return OO_Star;
1109   case UO_Plus: return OO_Plus;
1110   case UO_Minus: return OO_Minus;
1111   case UO_Not: return OO_Tilde;
1112   case UO_LNot: return OO_Exclaim;
1113   case UO_Coawait: return OO_Coawait;
1114   default: return OO_None;
1115   }
1116 }
1117 
1118 
1119 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
1120 // Postfix Operators.
1121 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
1122 
1123 CallExpr::CallExpr(const ASTContext& C, StmtClass SC, Expr *fn,
1124                    unsigned NumPreArgs, ArrayRef<Expr*> args, QualType t,
1125                    ExprValueKind VK, SourceLocation rparenloc)
1126   : Expr(SC, t, VK, OK_Ordinary,
1127          fn->isTypeDependent(),
1128          fn->isValueDependent(),
1129          fn->isInstantiationDependent(),
1130          fn->containsUnexpandedParameterPack()),
1131     NumArgs(args.size()) {
1132 
1133   SubExprs = new (C) Stmt*[args.size()+PREARGS_START+NumPreArgs];
1134   SubExprs[FN] = fn;
1135   for (unsigned i = 0; i != args.size(); ++i) {
1136     if (args[i]->isTypeDependent())
1137       ExprBits.TypeDependent = true;
1138     if (args[i]->isValueDependent())
1139       ExprBits.ValueDependent = true;
1140     if (args[i]->isInstantiationDependent())
1141       ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
1142     if (args[i]->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
1143       ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
1144 
1145     SubExprs[i+PREARGS_START+NumPreArgs] = args[i];
1146   }
1147 
1148   CallExprBits.NumPreArgs = NumPreArgs;
1149   RParenLoc = rparenloc;
1150 }
1151 
1152 CallExpr::CallExpr(const ASTContext &C, Expr *fn, ArrayRef<Expr *> args,
1153                    QualType t, ExprValueKind VK, SourceLocation rparenloc)
1154     : CallExpr(C, CallExprClass, fn, /*NumPreArgs=*/0, args, t, VK, rparenloc) {
1155 }
1156 
1157 CallExpr::CallExpr(const ASTContext &C, StmtClass SC, EmptyShell Empty)
1158     : CallExpr(C, SC, /*NumPreArgs=*/0, Empty) {}
1159 
1160 CallExpr::CallExpr(const ASTContext &C, StmtClass SC, unsigned NumPreArgs,
1161                    EmptyShell Empty)
1162   : Expr(SC, Empty), SubExprs(nullptr), NumArgs(0) {
1163   // FIXME: Why do we allocate this?
1164   SubExprs = new (C) Stmt*[PREARGS_START+NumPreArgs];
1165   CallExprBits.NumPreArgs = NumPreArgs;
1166 }
1167 
1168 Decl *CallExpr::getCalleeDecl() {
1169   Expr *CEE = getCallee()->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
1170 
1171   while (SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr *NTTP
1172                                 = dyn_cast<SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr>(CEE)) {
1173     CEE = NTTP->getReplacement()->IgnoreParenCasts();
1174   }
1175 
1176   // If we're calling a dereference, look at the pointer instead.
1177   if (BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(CEE)) {
1178     if (BO->isPtrMemOp())
1179       CEE = BO->getRHS()->IgnoreParenCasts();
1180   } else if (UnaryOperator *UO = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(CEE)) {
1181     if (UO->getOpcode() == UO_Deref)
1182       CEE = UO->getSubExpr()->IgnoreParenCasts();
1183   }
1184   if (DeclRefExpr *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(CEE))
1185     return DRE->getDecl();
1186   if (MemberExpr *ME = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(CEE))
1187     return ME->getMemberDecl();
1188 
1189   return nullptr;
1190 }
1191 
1192 FunctionDecl *CallExpr::getDirectCallee() {
1193   return dyn_cast_or_null<FunctionDecl>(getCalleeDecl());
1194 }
1195 
1196 /// setNumArgs - This changes the number of arguments present in this call.
1197 /// Any orphaned expressions are deleted by this, and any new operands are set
1198 /// to null.
1199 void CallExpr::setNumArgs(const ASTContext& C, unsigned NumArgs) {
1200   // No change, just return.
1201   if (NumArgs == getNumArgs()) return;
1202 
1203   // If shrinking # arguments, just delete the extras and forgot them.
1204   if (NumArgs < getNumArgs()) {
1205     this->NumArgs = NumArgs;
1206     return;
1207   }
1208 
1209   // Otherwise, we are growing the # arguments.  New an bigger argument array.
1210   unsigned NumPreArgs = getNumPreArgs();
1211   Stmt **NewSubExprs = new (C) Stmt*[NumArgs+PREARGS_START+NumPreArgs];
1212   // Copy over args.
1213   for (unsigned i = 0; i != getNumArgs()+PREARGS_START+NumPreArgs; ++i)
1214     NewSubExprs[i] = SubExprs[i];
1215   // Null out new args.
1216   for (unsigned i = getNumArgs()+PREARGS_START+NumPreArgs;
1217        i != NumArgs+PREARGS_START+NumPreArgs; ++i)
1218     NewSubExprs[i] = nullptr;
1219 
1220   if (SubExprs) C.Deallocate(SubExprs);
1221   SubExprs = NewSubExprs;
1222   this->NumArgs = NumArgs;
1223 }
1224 
1225 /// getBuiltinCallee - If this is a call to a builtin, return the builtin ID. If
1226 /// not, return 0.
1227 unsigned CallExpr::getBuiltinCallee() const {
1228   // All simple function calls (e.g. func()) are implicitly cast to pointer to
1229   // function. As a result, we try and obtain the DeclRefExpr from the
1230   // ImplicitCastExpr.
1231   const ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(getCallee());
1232   if (!ICE) // FIXME: deal with more complex calls (e.g. (func)(), (*func)()).
1233     return 0;
1234 
1235   const DeclRefExpr *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(ICE->getSubExpr());
1236   if (!DRE)
1237     return 0;
1238 
1239   const FunctionDecl *FDecl = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(DRE->getDecl());
1240   if (!FDecl)
1241     return 0;
1242 
1243   if (!FDecl->getIdentifier())
1244     return 0;
1245 
1246   return FDecl->getBuiltinID();
1247 }
1248 
1249 bool CallExpr::isUnevaluatedBuiltinCall(const ASTContext &Ctx) const {
1250   if (unsigned BI = getBuiltinCallee())
1251     return Ctx.BuiltinInfo.isUnevaluated(BI);
1252   return false;
1253 }
1254 
1255 QualType CallExpr::getCallReturnType(const ASTContext &Ctx) const {
1256   const Expr *Callee = getCallee();
1257   QualType CalleeType = Callee->getType();
1258   if (const auto *FnTypePtr = CalleeType->getAs<PointerType>()) {
1259     CalleeType = FnTypePtr->getPointeeType();
1260   } else if (const auto *BPT = CalleeType->getAs<BlockPointerType>()) {
1261     CalleeType = BPT->getPointeeType();
1262   } else if (CalleeType->isSpecificPlaceholderType(BuiltinType::BoundMember)) {
1263     if (isa<CXXPseudoDestructorExpr>(Callee->IgnoreParens()))
1264       return Ctx.VoidTy;
1265 
1266     // This should never be overloaded and so should never return null.
1267     CalleeType = Expr::findBoundMemberType(Callee);
1268   }
1269 
1270   const FunctionType *FnType = CalleeType->castAs<FunctionType>();
1271   return FnType->getReturnType();
1272 }
1273 
1274 SourceLocation CallExpr::getLocStart() const {
1275   if (isa<CXXOperatorCallExpr>(this))
1276     return cast<CXXOperatorCallExpr>(this)->getLocStart();
1277 
1278   SourceLocation begin = getCallee()->getLocStart();
1279   if (begin.isInvalid() && getNumArgs() > 0 && getArg(0))
1280     begin = getArg(0)->getLocStart();
1281   return begin;
1282 }
1283 SourceLocation CallExpr::getLocEnd() const {
1284   if (isa<CXXOperatorCallExpr>(this))
1285     return cast<CXXOperatorCallExpr>(this)->getLocEnd();
1286 
1287   SourceLocation end = getRParenLoc();
1288   if (end.isInvalid() && getNumArgs() > 0 && getArg(getNumArgs() - 1))
1289     end = getArg(getNumArgs() - 1)->getLocEnd();
1290   return end;
1291 }
1292 
1293 OffsetOfExpr *OffsetOfExpr::Create(const ASTContext &C, QualType type,
1294                                    SourceLocation OperatorLoc,
1295                                    TypeSourceInfo *tsi,
1296                                    ArrayRef<OffsetOfNode> comps,
1297                                    ArrayRef<Expr*> exprs,
1298                                    SourceLocation RParenLoc) {
1299   void *Mem = C.Allocate(sizeof(OffsetOfExpr) +
1300                          sizeof(OffsetOfNode) * comps.size() +
1301                          sizeof(Expr*) * exprs.size());
1302 
1303   return new (Mem) OffsetOfExpr(C, type, OperatorLoc, tsi, comps, exprs,
1304                                 RParenLoc);
1305 }
1306 
1307 OffsetOfExpr *OffsetOfExpr::CreateEmpty(const ASTContext &C,
1308                                         unsigned numComps, unsigned numExprs) {
1309   void *Mem = C.Allocate(sizeof(OffsetOfExpr) +
1310                          sizeof(OffsetOfNode) * numComps +
1311                          sizeof(Expr*) * numExprs);
1312   return new (Mem) OffsetOfExpr(numComps, numExprs);
1313 }
1314 
1315 OffsetOfExpr::OffsetOfExpr(const ASTContext &C, QualType type,
1316                            SourceLocation OperatorLoc, TypeSourceInfo *tsi,
1317                            ArrayRef<OffsetOfNode> comps, ArrayRef<Expr*> exprs,
1318                            SourceLocation RParenLoc)
1319   : Expr(OffsetOfExprClass, type, VK_RValue, OK_Ordinary,
1320          /*TypeDependent=*/false,
1321          /*ValueDependent=*/tsi->getType()->isDependentType(),
1322          tsi->getType()->isInstantiationDependentType(),
1323          tsi->getType()->containsUnexpandedParameterPack()),
1324     OperatorLoc(OperatorLoc), RParenLoc(RParenLoc), TSInfo(tsi),
1325     NumComps(comps.size()), NumExprs(exprs.size())
1326 {
1327   for (unsigned i = 0; i != comps.size(); ++i) {
1328     setComponent(i, comps[i]);
1329   }
1330 
1331   for (unsigned i = 0; i != exprs.size(); ++i) {
1332     if (exprs[i]->isTypeDependent() || exprs[i]->isValueDependent())
1333       ExprBits.ValueDependent = true;
1334     if (exprs[i]->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
1335       ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
1336 
1337     setIndexExpr(i, exprs[i]);
1338   }
1339 }
1340 
1341 IdentifierInfo *OffsetOfExpr::OffsetOfNode::getFieldName() const {
1342   assert(getKind() == Field || getKind() == Identifier);
1343   if (getKind() == Field)
1344     return getField()->getIdentifier();
1345 
1346   return reinterpret_cast<IdentifierInfo *> (Data & ~(uintptr_t)Mask);
1347 }
1348 
1349 UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr::UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr(
1350     UnaryExprOrTypeTrait ExprKind, Expr *E, QualType resultType,
1351     SourceLocation op, SourceLocation rp)
1352     : Expr(UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExprClass, resultType, VK_RValue, OK_Ordinary,
1353            false, // Never type-dependent (C++ [temp.dep.expr]p3).
1354            // Value-dependent if the argument is type-dependent.
1355            E->isTypeDependent(), E->isInstantiationDependent(),
1356            E->containsUnexpandedParameterPack()),
1357       OpLoc(op), RParenLoc(rp) {
1358   UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExprBits.Kind = ExprKind;
1359   UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExprBits.IsType = false;
1360   Argument.Ex = E;
1361 
1362   // Check to see if we are in the situation where alignof(decl) should be
1363   // dependent because decl's alignment is dependent.
1364   if (ExprKind == UETT_AlignOf) {
1365     if (!isValueDependent() || !isInstantiationDependent()) {
1366       E = E->IgnoreParens();
1367 
1368       const ValueDecl *D = nullptr;
1369       if (const auto *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E))
1370         D = DRE->getDecl();
1371       else if (const auto *ME = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(E))
1372         D = ME->getMemberDecl();
1373 
1374       if (D) {
1375         for (const auto *I : D->specific_attrs<AlignedAttr>()) {
1376           if (I->isAlignmentDependent()) {
1377             setValueDependent(true);
1378             setInstantiationDependent(true);
1379             break;
1380           }
1381         }
1382       }
1383     }
1384   }
1385 }
1386 
1387 MemberExpr *MemberExpr::Create(
1388     const ASTContext &C, Expr *base, bool isarrow, SourceLocation OperatorLoc,
1389     NestedNameSpecifierLoc QualifierLoc, SourceLocation TemplateKWLoc,
1390     ValueDecl *memberdecl, DeclAccessPair founddecl,
1391     DeclarationNameInfo nameinfo, const TemplateArgumentListInfo *targs,
1392     QualType ty, ExprValueKind vk, ExprObjectKind ok) {
1393   std::size_t Size = sizeof(MemberExpr);
1394 
1395   bool hasQualOrFound = (QualifierLoc ||
1396                          founddecl.getDecl() != memberdecl ||
1397                          founddecl.getAccess() != memberdecl->getAccess());
1398   if (hasQualOrFound)
1399     Size += sizeof(MemberNameQualifier);
1400 
1401   if (targs)
1402     Size += ASTTemplateKWAndArgsInfo::sizeFor(targs->size());
1403   else if (TemplateKWLoc.isValid())
1404     Size += ASTTemplateKWAndArgsInfo::sizeFor(0);
1405 
1406   void *Mem = C.Allocate(Size, llvm::alignOf<MemberExpr>());
1407   MemberExpr *E = new (Mem)
1408       MemberExpr(base, isarrow, OperatorLoc, memberdecl, nameinfo, ty, vk, ok);
1409 
1410   if (hasQualOrFound) {
1411     // FIXME: Wrong. We should be looking at the member declaration we found.
1412     if (QualifierLoc && QualifierLoc.getNestedNameSpecifier()->isDependent()) {
1413       E->setValueDependent(true);
1414       E->setTypeDependent(true);
1415       E->setInstantiationDependent(true);
1416     }
1417     else if (QualifierLoc &&
1418              QualifierLoc.getNestedNameSpecifier()->isInstantiationDependent())
1419       E->setInstantiationDependent(true);
1420 
1421     E->HasQualifierOrFoundDecl = true;
1422 
1423     MemberNameQualifier *NQ = E->getMemberQualifier();
1424     NQ->QualifierLoc = QualifierLoc;
1425     NQ->FoundDecl = founddecl;
1426   }
1427 
1428   E->HasTemplateKWAndArgsInfo = (targs || TemplateKWLoc.isValid());
1429 
1430   if (targs) {
1431     bool Dependent = false;
1432     bool InstantiationDependent = false;
1433     bool ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = false;
1434     E->getTemplateKWAndArgsInfo()->initializeFrom(TemplateKWLoc, *targs,
1435                                                   Dependent,
1436                                                   InstantiationDependent,
1437                                              ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack);
1438     if (InstantiationDependent)
1439       E->setInstantiationDependent(true);
1440   } else if (TemplateKWLoc.isValid()) {
1441     E->getTemplateKWAndArgsInfo()->initializeFrom(TemplateKWLoc);
1442   }
1443 
1444   return E;
1445 }
1446 
1447 SourceLocation MemberExpr::getLocStart() const {
1448   if (isImplicitAccess()) {
1449     if (hasQualifier())
1450       return getQualifierLoc().getBeginLoc();
1451     return MemberLoc;
1452   }
1453 
1454   // FIXME: We don't want this to happen. Rather, we should be able to
1455   // detect all kinds of implicit accesses more cleanly.
1456   SourceLocation BaseStartLoc = getBase()->getLocStart();
1457   if (BaseStartLoc.isValid())
1458     return BaseStartLoc;
1459   return MemberLoc;
1460 }
1461 SourceLocation MemberExpr::getLocEnd() const {
1462   SourceLocation EndLoc = getMemberNameInfo().getEndLoc();
1463   if (hasExplicitTemplateArgs())
1464     EndLoc = getRAngleLoc();
1465   else if (EndLoc.isInvalid())
1466     EndLoc = getBase()->getLocEnd();
1467   return EndLoc;
1468 }
1469 
1470 bool CastExpr::CastConsistency() const {
1471   switch (getCastKind()) {
1472   case CK_DerivedToBase:
1473   case CK_UncheckedDerivedToBase:
1474   case CK_DerivedToBaseMemberPointer:
1475   case CK_BaseToDerived:
1476   case CK_BaseToDerivedMemberPointer:
1477     assert(!path_empty() && "Cast kind should have a base path!");
1478     break;
1479 
1480   case CK_CPointerToObjCPointerCast:
1481     assert(getType()->isObjCObjectPointerType());
1482     assert(getSubExpr()->getType()->isPointerType());
1483     goto CheckNoBasePath;
1484 
1485   case CK_BlockPointerToObjCPointerCast:
1486     assert(getType()->isObjCObjectPointerType());
1487     assert(getSubExpr()->getType()->isBlockPointerType());
1488     goto CheckNoBasePath;
1489 
1490   case CK_ReinterpretMemberPointer:
1491     assert(getType()->isMemberPointerType());
1492     assert(getSubExpr()->getType()->isMemberPointerType());
1493     goto CheckNoBasePath;
1494 
1495   case CK_BitCast:
1496     // Arbitrary casts to C pointer types count as bitcasts.
1497     // Otherwise, we should only have block and ObjC pointer casts
1498     // here if they stay within the type kind.
1499     if (!getType()->isPointerType()) {
1500       assert(getType()->isObjCObjectPointerType() ==
1501              getSubExpr()->getType()->isObjCObjectPointerType());
1502       assert(getType()->isBlockPointerType() ==
1503              getSubExpr()->getType()->isBlockPointerType());
1504     }
1505     goto CheckNoBasePath;
1506 
1507   case CK_AnyPointerToBlockPointerCast:
1508     assert(getType()->isBlockPointerType());
1509     assert(getSubExpr()->getType()->isAnyPointerType() &&
1510            !getSubExpr()->getType()->isBlockPointerType());
1511     goto CheckNoBasePath;
1512 
1513   case CK_CopyAndAutoreleaseBlockObject:
1514     assert(getType()->isBlockPointerType());
1515     assert(getSubExpr()->getType()->isBlockPointerType());
1516     goto CheckNoBasePath;
1517 
1518   case CK_FunctionToPointerDecay:
1519     assert(getType()->isPointerType());
1520     assert(getSubExpr()->getType()->isFunctionType());
1521     goto CheckNoBasePath;
1522 
1523   case CK_AddressSpaceConversion:
1524     assert(getType()->isPointerType());
1525     assert(getSubExpr()->getType()->isPointerType());
1526     assert(getType()->getPointeeType().getAddressSpace() !=
1527            getSubExpr()->getType()->getPointeeType().getAddressSpace());
1528   // These should not have an inheritance path.
1529   case CK_Dynamic:
1530   case CK_ToUnion:
1531   case CK_ArrayToPointerDecay:
1532   case CK_NullToMemberPointer:
1533   case CK_NullToPointer:
1534   case CK_ConstructorConversion:
1535   case CK_IntegralToPointer:
1536   case CK_PointerToIntegral:
1537   case CK_ToVoid:
1538   case CK_VectorSplat:
1539   case CK_IntegralCast:
1540   case CK_IntegralToFloating:
1541   case CK_FloatingToIntegral:
1542   case CK_FloatingCast:
1543   case CK_ObjCObjectLValueCast:
1544   case CK_FloatingRealToComplex:
1545   case CK_FloatingComplexToReal:
1546   case CK_FloatingComplexCast:
1547   case CK_FloatingComplexToIntegralComplex:
1548   case CK_IntegralRealToComplex:
1549   case CK_IntegralComplexToReal:
1550   case CK_IntegralComplexCast:
1551   case CK_IntegralComplexToFloatingComplex:
1552   case CK_ARCProduceObject:
1553   case CK_ARCConsumeObject:
1554   case CK_ARCReclaimReturnedObject:
1555   case CK_ARCExtendBlockObject:
1556   case CK_ZeroToOCLEvent:
1557     assert(!getType()->isBooleanType() && "unheralded conversion to bool");
1558     goto CheckNoBasePath;
1559 
1560   case CK_Dependent:
1561   case CK_LValueToRValue:
1562   case CK_NoOp:
1563   case CK_AtomicToNonAtomic:
1564   case CK_NonAtomicToAtomic:
1565   case CK_PointerToBoolean:
1566   case CK_IntegralToBoolean:
1567   case CK_FloatingToBoolean:
1568   case CK_MemberPointerToBoolean:
1569   case CK_FloatingComplexToBoolean:
1570   case CK_IntegralComplexToBoolean:
1571   case CK_LValueBitCast:            // -> bool&
1572   case CK_UserDefinedConversion:    // operator bool()
1573   case CK_BuiltinFnToFnPtr:
1574   CheckNoBasePath:
1575     assert(path_empty() && "Cast kind should not have a base path!");
1576     break;
1577   }
1578   return true;
1579 }
1580 
1581 const char *CastExpr::getCastKindName() const {
1582   switch (getCastKind()) {
1583   case CK_Dependent:
1584     return "Dependent";
1585   case CK_BitCast:
1586     return "BitCast";
1587   case CK_LValueBitCast:
1588     return "LValueBitCast";
1589   case CK_LValueToRValue:
1590     return "LValueToRValue";
1591   case CK_NoOp:
1592     return "NoOp";
1593   case CK_BaseToDerived:
1594     return "BaseToDerived";
1595   case CK_DerivedToBase:
1596     return "DerivedToBase";
1597   case CK_UncheckedDerivedToBase:
1598     return "UncheckedDerivedToBase";
1599   case CK_Dynamic:
1600     return "Dynamic";
1601   case CK_ToUnion:
1602     return "ToUnion";
1603   case CK_ArrayToPointerDecay:
1604     return "ArrayToPointerDecay";
1605   case CK_FunctionToPointerDecay:
1606     return "FunctionToPointerDecay";
1607   case CK_NullToMemberPointer:
1608     return "NullToMemberPointer";
1609   case CK_NullToPointer:
1610     return "NullToPointer";
1611   case CK_BaseToDerivedMemberPointer:
1612     return "BaseToDerivedMemberPointer";
1613   case CK_DerivedToBaseMemberPointer:
1614     return "DerivedToBaseMemberPointer";
1615   case CK_ReinterpretMemberPointer:
1616     return "ReinterpretMemberPointer";
1617   case CK_UserDefinedConversion:
1618     return "UserDefinedConversion";
1619   case CK_ConstructorConversion:
1620     return "ConstructorConversion";
1621   case CK_IntegralToPointer:
1622     return "IntegralToPointer";
1623   case CK_PointerToIntegral:
1624     return "PointerToIntegral";
1625   case CK_PointerToBoolean:
1626     return "PointerToBoolean";
1627   case CK_ToVoid:
1628     return "ToVoid";
1629   case CK_VectorSplat:
1630     return "VectorSplat";
1631   case CK_IntegralCast:
1632     return "IntegralCast";
1633   case CK_IntegralToBoolean:
1634     return "IntegralToBoolean";
1635   case CK_IntegralToFloating:
1636     return "IntegralToFloating";
1637   case CK_FloatingToIntegral:
1638     return "FloatingToIntegral";
1639   case CK_FloatingCast:
1640     return "FloatingCast";
1641   case CK_FloatingToBoolean:
1642     return "FloatingToBoolean";
1643   case CK_MemberPointerToBoolean:
1644     return "MemberPointerToBoolean";
1645   case CK_CPointerToObjCPointerCast:
1646     return "CPointerToObjCPointerCast";
1647   case CK_BlockPointerToObjCPointerCast:
1648     return "BlockPointerToObjCPointerCast";
1649   case CK_AnyPointerToBlockPointerCast:
1650     return "AnyPointerToBlockPointerCast";
1651   case CK_ObjCObjectLValueCast:
1652     return "ObjCObjectLValueCast";
1653   case CK_FloatingRealToComplex:
1654     return "FloatingRealToComplex";
1655   case CK_FloatingComplexToReal:
1656     return "FloatingComplexToReal";
1657   case CK_FloatingComplexToBoolean:
1658     return "FloatingComplexToBoolean";
1659   case CK_FloatingComplexCast:
1660     return "FloatingComplexCast";
1661   case CK_FloatingComplexToIntegralComplex:
1662     return "FloatingComplexToIntegralComplex";
1663   case CK_IntegralRealToComplex:
1664     return "IntegralRealToComplex";
1665   case CK_IntegralComplexToReal:
1666     return "IntegralComplexToReal";
1667   case CK_IntegralComplexToBoolean:
1668     return "IntegralComplexToBoolean";
1669   case CK_IntegralComplexCast:
1670     return "IntegralComplexCast";
1671   case CK_IntegralComplexToFloatingComplex:
1672     return "IntegralComplexToFloatingComplex";
1673   case CK_ARCConsumeObject:
1674     return "ARCConsumeObject";
1675   case CK_ARCProduceObject:
1676     return "ARCProduceObject";
1677   case CK_ARCReclaimReturnedObject:
1678     return "ARCReclaimReturnedObject";
1679   case CK_ARCExtendBlockObject:
1680     return "ARCExtendBlockObject";
1681   case CK_AtomicToNonAtomic:
1682     return "AtomicToNonAtomic";
1683   case CK_NonAtomicToAtomic:
1684     return "NonAtomicToAtomic";
1685   case CK_CopyAndAutoreleaseBlockObject:
1686     return "CopyAndAutoreleaseBlockObject";
1687   case CK_BuiltinFnToFnPtr:
1688     return "BuiltinFnToFnPtr";
1689   case CK_ZeroToOCLEvent:
1690     return "ZeroToOCLEvent";
1691   case CK_AddressSpaceConversion:
1692     return "AddressSpaceConversion";
1693   }
1694 
1695   llvm_unreachable("Unhandled cast kind!");
1696 }
1697 
1698 Expr *CastExpr::getSubExprAsWritten() {
1699   Expr *SubExpr = nullptr;
1700   CastExpr *E = this;
1701   do {
1702     SubExpr = E->getSubExpr();
1703 
1704     // Skip through reference binding to temporary.
1705     if (MaterializeTemporaryExpr *Materialize
1706                                   = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(SubExpr))
1707       SubExpr = Materialize->GetTemporaryExpr();
1708 
1709     // Skip any temporary bindings; they're implicit.
1710     if (CXXBindTemporaryExpr *Binder = dyn_cast<CXXBindTemporaryExpr>(SubExpr))
1711       SubExpr = Binder->getSubExpr();
1712 
1713     // Conversions by constructor and conversion functions have a
1714     // subexpression describing the call; strip it off.
1715     if (E->getCastKind() == CK_ConstructorConversion)
1716       SubExpr = cast<CXXConstructExpr>(SubExpr)->getArg(0);
1717     else if (E->getCastKind() == CK_UserDefinedConversion)
1718       SubExpr = cast<CXXMemberCallExpr>(SubExpr)->getImplicitObjectArgument();
1719 
1720     // If the subexpression we're left with is an implicit cast, look
1721     // through that, too.
1722   } while ((E = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(SubExpr)));
1723 
1724   return SubExpr;
1725 }
1726 
1727 CXXBaseSpecifier **CastExpr::path_buffer() {
1728   switch (getStmtClass()) {
1729 #define ABSTRACT_STMT(x)
1730 #define CASTEXPR(Type, Base) \
1731   case Stmt::Type##Class: \
1732     return reinterpret_cast<CXXBaseSpecifier**>(static_cast<Type*>(this)+1);
1733 #define STMT(Type, Base)
1734 #include "clang/AST/StmtNodes.inc"
1735   default:
1736     llvm_unreachable("non-cast expressions not possible here");
1737   }
1738 }
1739 
1740 void CastExpr::setCastPath(const CXXCastPath &Path) {
1741   assert(Path.size() == path_size());
1742   memcpy(path_buffer(), Path.data(), Path.size() * sizeof(CXXBaseSpecifier*));
1743 }
1744 
1745 ImplicitCastExpr *ImplicitCastExpr::Create(const ASTContext &C, QualType T,
1746                                            CastKind Kind, Expr *Operand,
1747                                            const CXXCastPath *BasePath,
1748                                            ExprValueKind VK) {
1749   unsigned PathSize = (BasePath ? BasePath->size() : 0);
1750   void *Buffer =
1751     C.Allocate(sizeof(ImplicitCastExpr) + PathSize * sizeof(CXXBaseSpecifier*));
1752   ImplicitCastExpr *E =
1753     new (Buffer) ImplicitCastExpr(T, Kind, Operand, PathSize, VK);
1754   if (PathSize) E->setCastPath(*BasePath);
1755   return E;
1756 }
1757 
1758 ImplicitCastExpr *ImplicitCastExpr::CreateEmpty(const ASTContext &C,
1759                                                 unsigned PathSize) {
1760   void *Buffer =
1761     C.Allocate(sizeof(ImplicitCastExpr) + PathSize * sizeof(CXXBaseSpecifier*));
1762   return new (Buffer) ImplicitCastExpr(EmptyShell(), PathSize);
1763 }
1764 
1765 
1766 CStyleCastExpr *CStyleCastExpr::Create(const ASTContext &C, QualType T,
1767                                        ExprValueKind VK, CastKind K, Expr *Op,
1768                                        const CXXCastPath *BasePath,
1769                                        TypeSourceInfo *WrittenTy,
1770                                        SourceLocation L, SourceLocation R) {
1771   unsigned PathSize = (BasePath ? BasePath->size() : 0);
1772   void *Buffer =
1773     C.Allocate(sizeof(CStyleCastExpr) + PathSize * sizeof(CXXBaseSpecifier*));
1774   CStyleCastExpr *E =
1775     new (Buffer) CStyleCastExpr(T, VK, K, Op, PathSize, WrittenTy, L, R);
1776   if (PathSize) E->setCastPath(*BasePath);
1777   return E;
1778 }
1779 
1780 CStyleCastExpr *CStyleCastExpr::CreateEmpty(const ASTContext &C,
1781                                             unsigned PathSize) {
1782   void *Buffer =
1783     C.Allocate(sizeof(CStyleCastExpr) + PathSize * sizeof(CXXBaseSpecifier*));
1784   return new (Buffer) CStyleCastExpr(EmptyShell(), PathSize);
1785 }
1786 
1787 /// getOpcodeStr - Turn an Opcode enum value into the punctuation char it
1788 /// corresponds to, e.g. "<<=".
1789 StringRef BinaryOperator::getOpcodeStr(Opcode Op) {
1790   switch (Op) {
1791   case BO_PtrMemD:   return ".*";
1792   case BO_PtrMemI:   return "->*";
1793   case BO_Mul:       return "*";
1794   case BO_Div:       return "/";
1795   case BO_Rem:       return "%";
1796   case BO_Add:       return "+";
1797   case BO_Sub:       return "-";
1798   case BO_Shl:       return "<<";
1799   case BO_Shr:       return ">>";
1800   case BO_LT:        return "<";
1801   case BO_GT:        return ">";
1802   case BO_LE:        return "<=";
1803   case BO_GE:        return ">=";
1804   case BO_EQ:        return "==";
1805   case BO_NE:        return "!=";
1806   case BO_And:       return "&";
1807   case BO_Xor:       return "^";
1808   case BO_Or:        return "|";
1809   case BO_LAnd:      return "&&";
1810   case BO_LOr:       return "||";
1811   case BO_Assign:    return "=";
1812   case BO_MulAssign: return "*=";
1813   case BO_DivAssign: return "/=";
1814   case BO_RemAssign: return "%=";
1815   case BO_AddAssign: return "+=";
1816   case BO_SubAssign: return "-=";
1817   case BO_ShlAssign: return "<<=";
1818   case BO_ShrAssign: return ">>=";
1819   case BO_AndAssign: return "&=";
1820   case BO_XorAssign: return "^=";
1821   case BO_OrAssign:  return "|=";
1822   case BO_Comma:     return ",";
1823   }
1824 
1825   llvm_unreachable("Invalid OpCode!");
1826 }
1827 
1828 BinaryOperatorKind
1829 BinaryOperator::getOverloadedOpcode(OverloadedOperatorKind OO) {
1830   switch (OO) {
1831   default: llvm_unreachable("Not an overloadable binary operator");
1832   case OO_Plus: return BO_Add;
1833   case OO_Minus: return BO_Sub;
1834   case OO_Star: return BO_Mul;
1835   case OO_Slash: return BO_Div;
1836   case OO_Percent: return BO_Rem;
1837   case OO_Caret: return BO_Xor;
1838   case OO_Amp: return BO_And;
1839   case OO_Pipe: return BO_Or;
1840   case OO_Equal: return BO_Assign;
1841   case OO_Less: return BO_LT;
1842   case OO_Greater: return BO_GT;
1843   case OO_PlusEqual: return BO_AddAssign;
1844   case OO_MinusEqual: return BO_SubAssign;
1845   case OO_StarEqual: return BO_MulAssign;
1846   case OO_SlashEqual: return BO_DivAssign;
1847   case OO_PercentEqual: return BO_RemAssign;
1848   case OO_CaretEqual: return BO_XorAssign;
1849   case OO_AmpEqual: return BO_AndAssign;
1850   case OO_PipeEqual: return BO_OrAssign;
1851   case OO_LessLess: return BO_Shl;
1852   case OO_GreaterGreater: return BO_Shr;
1853   case OO_LessLessEqual: return BO_ShlAssign;
1854   case OO_GreaterGreaterEqual: return BO_ShrAssign;
1855   case OO_EqualEqual: return BO_EQ;
1856   case OO_ExclaimEqual: return BO_NE;
1857   case OO_LessEqual: return BO_LE;
1858   case OO_GreaterEqual: return BO_GE;
1859   case OO_AmpAmp: return BO_LAnd;
1860   case OO_PipePipe: return BO_LOr;
1861   case OO_Comma: return BO_Comma;
1862   case OO_ArrowStar: return BO_PtrMemI;
1863   }
1864 }
1865 
1866 OverloadedOperatorKind BinaryOperator::getOverloadedOperator(Opcode Opc) {
1867   static const OverloadedOperatorKind OverOps[] = {
1868     /* .* Cannot be overloaded */OO_None, OO_ArrowStar,
1869     OO_Star, OO_Slash, OO_Percent,
1870     OO_Plus, OO_Minus,
1871     OO_LessLess, OO_GreaterGreater,
1872     OO_Less, OO_Greater, OO_LessEqual, OO_GreaterEqual,
1873     OO_EqualEqual, OO_ExclaimEqual,
1874     OO_Amp,
1875     OO_Caret,
1876     OO_Pipe,
1877     OO_AmpAmp,
1878     OO_PipePipe,
1879     OO_Equal, OO_StarEqual,
1880     OO_SlashEqual, OO_PercentEqual,
1881     OO_PlusEqual, OO_MinusEqual,
1882     OO_LessLessEqual, OO_GreaterGreaterEqual,
1883     OO_AmpEqual, OO_CaretEqual,
1884     OO_PipeEqual,
1885     OO_Comma
1886   };
1887   return OverOps[Opc];
1888 }
1889 
1890 InitListExpr::InitListExpr(const ASTContext &C, SourceLocation lbraceloc,
1891                            ArrayRef<Expr*> initExprs, SourceLocation rbraceloc)
1892   : Expr(InitListExprClass, QualType(), VK_RValue, OK_Ordinary, false, false,
1893          false, false),
1894     InitExprs(C, initExprs.size()),
1895     LBraceLoc(lbraceloc), RBraceLoc(rbraceloc), AltForm(nullptr, true)
1896 {
1897   sawArrayRangeDesignator(false);
1898   for (unsigned I = 0; I != initExprs.size(); ++I) {
1899     if (initExprs[I]->isTypeDependent())
1900       ExprBits.TypeDependent = true;
1901     if (initExprs[I]->isValueDependent())
1902       ExprBits.ValueDependent = true;
1903     if (initExprs[I]->isInstantiationDependent())
1904       ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
1905     if (initExprs[I]->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
1906       ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
1907   }
1908 
1909   InitExprs.insert(C, InitExprs.end(), initExprs.begin(), initExprs.end());
1910 }
1911 
1912 void InitListExpr::reserveInits(const ASTContext &C, unsigned NumInits) {
1913   if (NumInits > InitExprs.size())
1914     InitExprs.reserve(C, NumInits);
1915 }
1916 
1917 void InitListExpr::resizeInits(const ASTContext &C, unsigned NumInits) {
1918   InitExprs.resize(C, NumInits, nullptr);
1919 }
1920 
1921 Expr *InitListExpr::updateInit(const ASTContext &C, unsigned Init, Expr *expr) {
1922   if (Init >= InitExprs.size()) {
1923     InitExprs.insert(C, InitExprs.end(), Init - InitExprs.size() + 1, nullptr);
1924     setInit(Init, expr);
1925     return nullptr;
1926   }
1927 
1928   Expr *Result = cast_or_null<Expr>(InitExprs[Init]);
1929   setInit(Init, expr);
1930   return Result;
1931 }
1932 
1933 void InitListExpr::setArrayFiller(Expr *filler) {
1934   assert(!hasArrayFiller() && "Filler already set!");
1935   ArrayFillerOrUnionFieldInit = filler;
1936   // Fill out any "holes" in the array due to designated initializers.
1937   Expr **inits = getInits();
1938   for (unsigned i = 0, e = getNumInits(); i != e; ++i)
1939     if (inits[i] == nullptr)
1940       inits[i] = filler;
1941 }
1942 
1943 bool InitListExpr::isStringLiteralInit() const {
1944   if (getNumInits() != 1)
1945     return false;
1946   const ArrayType *AT = getType()->getAsArrayTypeUnsafe();
1947   if (!AT || !AT->getElementType()->isIntegerType())
1948     return false;
1949   // It is possible for getInit() to return null.
1950   const Expr *Init = getInit(0);
1951   if (!Init)
1952     return false;
1953   Init = Init->IgnoreParens();
1954   return isa<StringLiteral>(Init) || isa<ObjCEncodeExpr>(Init);
1955 }
1956 
1957 SourceLocation InitListExpr::getLocStart() const {
1958   if (InitListExpr *SyntacticForm = getSyntacticForm())
1959     return SyntacticForm->getLocStart();
1960   SourceLocation Beg = LBraceLoc;
1961   if (Beg.isInvalid()) {
1962     // Find the first non-null initializer.
1963     for (InitExprsTy::const_iterator I = InitExprs.begin(),
1964                                      E = InitExprs.end();
1965       I != E; ++I) {
1966       if (Stmt *S = *I) {
1967         Beg = S->getLocStart();
1968         break;
1969       }
1970     }
1971   }
1972   return Beg;
1973 }
1974 
1975 SourceLocation InitListExpr::getLocEnd() const {
1976   if (InitListExpr *SyntacticForm = getSyntacticForm())
1977     return SyntacticForm->getLocEnd();
1978   SourceLocation End = RBraceLoc;
1979   if (End.isInvalid()) {
1980     // Find the first non-null initializer from the end.
1981     for (InitExprsTy::const_reverse_iterator I = InitExprs.rbegin(),
1982          E = InitExprs.rend();
1983          I != E; ++I) {
1984       if (Stmt *S = *I) {
1985         End = S->getLocEnd();
1986         break;
1987       }
1988     }
1989   }
1990   return End;
1991 }
1992 
1993 /// getFunctionType - Return the underlying function type for this block.
1994 ///
1995 const FunctionProtoType *BlockExpr::getFunctionType() const {
1996   // The block pointer is never sugared, but the function type might be.
1997   return cast<BlockPointerType>(getType())
1998            ->getPointeeType()->castAs<FunctionProtoType>();
1999 }
2000 
2001 SourceLocation BlockExpr::getCaretLocation() const {
2002   return TheBlock->getCaretLocation();
2003 }
2004 const Stmt *BlockExpr::getBody() const {
2005   return TheBlock->getBody();
2006 }
2007 Stmt *BlockExpr::getBody() {
2008   return TheBlock->getBody();
2009 }
2010 
2011 
2012 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
2013 // Generic Expression Routines
2014 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
2015 
2016 /// isUnusedResultAWarning - Return true if this immediate expression should
2017 /// be warned about if the result is unused.  If so, fill in Loc and Ranges
2018 /// with location to warn on and the source range[s] to report with the
2019 /// warning.
2020 bool Expr::isUnusedResultAWarning(const Expr *&WarnE, SourceLocation &Loc,
2021                                   SourceRange &R1, SourceRange &R2,
2022                                   ASTContext &Ctx) const {
2023   // Don't warn if the expr is type dependent. The type could end up
2024   // instantiating to void.
2025   if (isTypeDependent())
2026     return false;
2027 
2028   switch (getStmtClass()) {
2029   default:
2030     if (getType()->isVoidType())
2031       return false;
2032     WarnE = this;
2033     Loc = getExprLoc();
2034     R1 = getSourceRange();
2035     return true;
2036   case ParenExprClass:
2037     return cast<ParenExpr>(this)->getSubExpr()->
2038       isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2039   case GenericSelectionExprClass:
2040     return cast<GenericSelectionExpr>(this)->getResultExpr()->
2041       isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2042   case ChooseExprClass:
2043     return cast<ChooseExpr>(this)->getChosenSubExpr()->
2044       isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2045   case UnaryOperatorClass: {
2046     const UnaryOperator *UO = cast<UnaryOperator>(this);
2047 
2048     switch (UO->getOpcode()) {
2049     case UO_Plus:
2050     case UO_Minus:
2051     case UO_AddrOf:
2052     case UO_Not:
2053     case UO_LNot:
2054     case UO_Deref:
2055       break;
2056     case UO_Coawait:
2057       // This is just the 'operator co_await' call inside the guts of a
2058       // dependent co_await call.
2059     case UO_PostInc:
2060     case UO_PostDec:
2061     case UO_PreInc:
2062     case UO_PreDec:                 // ++/--
2063       return false;  // Not a warning.
2064     case UO_Real:
2065     case UO_Imag:
2066       // accessing a piece of a volatile complex is a side-effect.
2067       if (Ctx.getCanonicalType(UO->getSubExpr()->getType())
2068           .isVolatileQualified())
2069         return false;
2070       break;
2071     case UO_Extension:
2072       return UO->getSubExpr()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2073     }
2074     WarnE = this;
2075     Loc = UO->getOperatorLoc();
2076     R1 = UO->getSubExpr()->getSourceRange();
2077     return true;
2078   }
2079   case BinaryOperatorClass: {
2080     const BinaryOperator *BO = cast<BinaryOperator>(this);
2081     switch (BO->getOpcode()) {
2082       default:
2083         break;
2084       // Consider the RHS of comma for side effects. LHS was checked by
2085       // Sema::CheckCommaOperands.
2086       case BO_Comma:
2087         // ((foo = <blah>), 0) is an idiom for hiding the result (and
2088         // lvalue-ness) of an assignment written in a macro.
2089         if (IntegerLiteral *IE =
2090               dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(BO->getRHS()->IgnoreParens()))
2091           if (IE->getValue() == 0)
2092             return false;
2093         return BO->getRHS()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2094       // Consider '||', '&&' to have side effects if the LHS or RHS does.
2095       case BO_LAnd:
2096       case BO_LOr:
2097         if (!BO->getLHS()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx) ||
2098             !BO->getRHS()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx))
2099           return false;
2100         break;
2101     }
2102     if (BO->isAssignmentOp())
2103       return false;
2104     WarnE = this;
2105     Loc = BO->getOperatorLoc();
2106     R1 = BO->getLHS()->getSourceRange();
2107     R2 = BO->getRHS()->getSourceRange();
2108     return true;
2109   }
2110   case CompoundAssignOperatorClass:
2111   case VAArgExprClass:
2112   case AtomicExprClass:
2113     return false;
2114 
2115   case ConditionalOperatorClass: {
2116     // If only one of the LHS or RHS is a warning, the operator might
2117     // be being used for control flow. Only warn if both the LHS and
2118     // RHS are warnings.
2119     const ConditionalOperator *Exp = cast<ConditionalOperator>(this);
2120     if (!Exp->getRHS()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx))
2121       return false;
2122     if (!Exp->getLHS())
2123       return true;
2124     return Exp->getLHS()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2125   }
2126 
2127   case MemberExprClass:
2128     WarnE = this;
2129     Loc = cast<MemberExpr>(this)->getMemberLoc();
2130     R1 = SourceRange(Loc, Loc);
2131     R2 = cast<MemberExpr>(this)->getBase()->getSourceRange();
2132     return true;
2133 
2134   case ArraySubscriptExprClass:
2135     WarnE = this;
2136     Loc = cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(this)->getRBracketLoc();
2137     R1 = cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(this)->getLHS()->getSourceRange();
2138     R2 = cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(this)->getRHS()->getSourceRange();
2139     return true;
2140 
2141   case CXXOperatorCallExprClass: {
2142     // Warn about operator ==,!=,<,>,<=, and >= even when user-defined operator
2143     // overloads as there is no reasonable way to define these such that they
2144     // have non-trivial, desirable side-effects. See the -Wunused-comparison
2145     // warning: operators == and != are commonly typo'ed, and so warning on them
2146     // provides additional value as well. If this list is updated,
2147     // DiagnoseUnusedComparison should be as well.
2148     const CXXOperatorCallExpr *Op = cast<CXXOperatorCallExpr>(this);
2149     switch (Op->getOperator()) {
2150     default:
2151       break;
2152     case OO_EqualEqual:
2153     case OO_ExclaimEqual:
2154     case OO_Less:
2155     case OO_Greater:
2156     case OO_GreaterEqual:
2157     case OO_LessEqual:
2158       if (Op->getCallReturnType(Ctx)->isReferenceType() ||
2159           Op->getCallReturnType(Ctx)->isVoidType())
2160         break;
2161       WarnE = this;
2162       Loc = Op->getOperatorLoc();
2163       R1 = Op->getSourceRange();
2164       return true;
2165     }
2166 
2167     // Fallthrough for generic call handling.
2168   }
2169   case CallExprClass:
2170   case CXXMemberCallExprClass:
2171   case UserDefinedLiteralClass: {
2172     // If this is a direct call, get the callee.
2173     const CallExpr *CE = cast<CallExpr>(this);
2174     if (const Decl *FD = CE->getCalleeDecl()) {
2175       const FunctionDecl *Func = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(FD);
2176       bool HasWarnUnusedResultAttr = Func ? Func->hasUnusedResultAttr()
2177                                           : FD->hasAttr<WarnUnusedResultAttr>();
2178 
2179       // If the callee has attribute pure, const, or warn_unused_result, warn
2180       // about it. void foo() { strlen("bar"); } should warn.
2181       //
2182       // Note: If new cases are added here, DiagnoseUnusedExprResult should be
2183       // updated to match for QoI.
2184       if (HasWarnUnusedResultAttr ||
2185           FD->hasAttr<PureAttr>() || FD->hasAttr<ConstAttr>()) {
2186         WarnE = this;
2187         Loc = CE->getCallee()->getLocStart();
2188         R1 = CE->getCallee()->getSourceRange();
2189 
2190         if (unsigned NumArgs = CE->getNumArgs())
2191           R2 = SourceRange(CE->getArg(0)->getLocStart(),
2192                            CE->getArg(NumArgs-1)->getLocEnd());
2193         return true;
2194       }
2195     }
2196     return false;
2197   }
2198 
2199   // If we don't know precisely what we're looking at, let's not warn.
2200   case UnresolvedLookupExprClass:
2201   case CXXUnresolvedConstructExprClass:
2202     return false;
2203 
2204   case CXXTemporaryObjectExprClass:
2205   case CXXConstructExprClass: {
2206     if (const CXXRecordDecl *Type = getType()->getAsCXXRecordDecl()) {
2207       if (Type->hasAttr<WarnUnusedAttr>()) {
2208         WarnE = this;
2209         Loc = getLocStart();
2210         R1 = getSourceRange();
2211         return true;
2212       }
2213     }
2214     return false;
2215   }
2216 
2217   case ObjCMessageExprClass: {
2218     const ObjCMessageExpr *ME = cast<ObjCMessageExpr>(this);
2219     if (Ctx.getLangOpts().ObjCAutoRefCount &&
2220         ME->isInstanceMessage() &&
2221         !ME->getType()->isVoidType() &&
2222         ME->getMethodFamily() == OMF_init) {
2223       WarnE = this;
2224       Loc = getExprLoc();
2225       R1 = ME->getSourceRange();
2226       return true;
2227     }
2228 
2229     if (const ObjCMethodDecl *MD = ME->getMethodDecl())
2230       if (MD->hasAttr<WarnUnusedResultAttr>()) {
2231         WarnE = this;
2232         Loc = getExprLoc();
2233         return true;
2234       }
2235 
2236     return false;
2237   }
2238 
2239   case ObjCPropertyRefExprClass:
2240     WarnE = this;
2241     Loc = getExprLoc();
2242     R1 = getSourceRange();
2243     return true;
2244 
2245   case PseudoObjectExprClass: {
2246     const PseudoObjectExpr *PO = cast<PseudoObjectExpr>(this);
2247 
2248     // Only complain about things that have the form of a getter.
2249     if (isa<UnaryOperator>(PO->getSyntacticForm()) ||
2250         isa<BinaryOperator>(PO->getSyntacticForm()))
2251       return false;
2252 
2253     WarnE = this;
2254     Loc = getExprLoc();
2255     R1 = getSourceRange();
2256     return true;
2257   }
2258 
2259   case StmtExprClass: {
2260     // Statement exprs don't logically have side effects themselves, but are
2261     // sometimes used in macros in ways that give them a type that is unused.
2262     // For example ({ blah; foo(); }) will end up with a type if foo has a type.
2263     // however, if the result of the stmt expr is dead, we don't want to emit a
2264     // warning.
2265     const CompoundStmt *CS = cast<StmtExpr>(this)->getSubStmt();
2266     if (!CS->body_empty()) {
2267       if (const Expr *E = dyn_cast<Expr>(CS->body_back()))
2268         return E->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2269       if (const LabelStmt *Label = dyn_cast<LabelStmt>(CS->body_back()))
2270         if (const Expr *E = dyn_cast<Expr>(Label->getSubStmt()))
2271           return E->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2272     }
2273 
2274     if (getType()->isVoidType())
2275       return false;
2276     WarnE = this;
2277     Loc = cast<StmtExpr>(this)->getLParenLoc();
2278     R1 = getSourceRange();
2279     return true;
2280   }
2281   case CXXFunctionalCastExprClass:
2282   case CStyleCastExprClass: {
2283     // Ignore an explicit cast to void unless the operand is a non-trivial
2284     // volatile lvalue.
2285     const CastExpr *CE = cast<CastExpr>(this);
2286     if (CE->getCastKind() == CK_ToVoid) {
2287       if (CE->getSubExpr()->isGLValue() &&
2288           CE->getSubExpr()->getType().isVolatileQualified()) {
2289         const DeclRefExpr *DRE =
2290             dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(CE->getSubExpr()->IgnoreParens());
2291         if (!(DRE && isa<VarDecl>(DRE->getDecl()) &&
2292               cast<VarDecl>(DRE->getDecl())->hasLocalStorage())) {
2293           return CE->getSubExpr()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc,
2294                                                           R1, R2, Ctx);
2295         }
2296       }
2297       return false;
2298     }
2299 
2300     // If this is a cast to a constructor conversion, check the operand.
2301     // Otherwise, the result of the cast is unused.
2302     if (CE->getCastKind() == CK_ConstructorConversion)
2303       return CE->getSubExpr()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2304 
2305     WarnE = this;
2306     if (const CXXFunctionalCastExpr *CXXCE =
2307             dyn_cast<CXXFunctionalCastExpr>(this)) {
2308       Loc = CXXCE->getLocStart();
2309       R1 = CXXCE->getSubExpr()->getSourceRange();
2310     } else {
2311       const CStyleCastExpr *CStyleCE = cast<CStyleCastExpr>(this);
2312       Loc = CStyleCE->getLParenLoc();
2313       R1 = CStyleCE->getSubExpr()->getSourceRange();
2314     }
2315     return true;
2316   }
2317   case ImplicitCastExprClass: {
2318     const CastExpr *ICE = cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(this);
2319 
2320     // lvalue-to-rvalue conversion on a volatile lvalue is a side-effect.
2321     if (ICE->getCastKind() == CK_LValueToRValue &&
2322         ICE->getSubExpr()->getType().isVolatileQualified())
2323       return false;
2324 
2325     return ICE->getSubExpr()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx);
2326   }
2327   case CXXDefaultArgExprClass:
2328     return (cast<CXXDefaultArgExpr>(this)
2329             ->getExpr()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx));
2330   case CXXDefaultInitExprClass:
2331     return (cast<CXXDefaultInitExpr>(this)
2332             ->getExpr()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx));
2333 
2334   case CXXNewExprClass:
2335     // FIXME: In theory, there might be new expressions that don't have side
2336     // effects (e.g. a placement new with an uninitialized POD).
2337   case CXXDeleteExprClass:
2338     return false;
2339   case CXXBindTemporaryExprClass:
2340     return (cast<CXXBindTemporaryExpr>(this)
2341             ->getSubExpr()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx));
2342   case ExprWithCleanupsClass:
2343     return (cast<ExprWithCleanups>(this)
2344             ->getSubExpr()->isUnusedResultAWarning(WarnE, Loc, R1, R2, Ctx));
2345   }
2346 }
2347 
2348 /// isOBJCGCCandidate - Check if an expression is objc gc'able.
2349 /// returns true, if it is; false otherwise.
2350 bool Expr::isOBJCGCCandidate(ASTContext &Ctx) const {
2351   const Expr *E = IgnoreParens();
2352   switch (E->getStmtClass()) {
2353   default:
2354     return false;
2355   case ObjCIvarRefExprClass:
2356     return true;
2357   case Expr::UnaryOperatorClass:
2358     return cast<UnaryOperator>(E)->getSubExpr()->isOBJCGCCandidate(Ctx);
2359   case ImplicitCastExprClass:
2360     return cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)->getSubExpr()->isOBJCGCCandidate(Ctx);
2361   case MaterializeTemporaryExprClass:
2362     return cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E)->GetTemporaryExpr()
2363                                                       ->isOBJCGCCandidate(Ctx);
2364   case CStyleCastExprClass:
2365     return cast<CStyleCastExpr>(E)->getSubExpr()->isOBJCGCCandidate(Ctx);
2366   case DeclRefExprClass: {
2367     const Decl *D = cast<DeclRefExpr>(E)->getDecl();
2368 
2369     if (const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(D)) {
2370       if (VD->hasGlobalStorage())
2371         return true;
2372       QualType T = VD->getType();
2373       // dereferencing to a  pointer is always a gc'able candidate,
2374       // unless it is __weak.
2375       return T->isPointerType() &&
2376              (Ctx.getObjCGCAttrKind(T) != Qualifiers::Weak);
2377     }
2378     return false;
2379   }
2380   case MemberExprClass: {
2381     const MemberExpr *M = cast<MemberExpr>(E);
2382     return M->getBase()->isOBJCGCCandidate(Ctx);
2383   }
2384   case ArraySubscriptExprClass:
2385     return cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(E)->getBase()->isOBJCGCCandidate(Ctx);
2386   }
2387 }
2388 
2389 bool Expr::isBoundMemberFunction(ASTContext &Ctx) const {
2390   if (isTypeDependent())
2391     return false;
2392   return ClassifyLValue(Ctx) == Expr::LV_MemberFunction;
2393 }
2394 
2395 QualType Expr::findBoundMemberType(const Expr *expr) {
2396   assert(expr->hasPlaceholderType(BuiltinType::BoundMember));
2397 
2398   // Bound member expressions are always one of these possibilities:
2399   //   x->m      x.m      x->*y      x.*y
2400   // (possibly parenthesized)
2401 
2402   expr = expr->IgnoreParens();
2403   if (const MemberExpr *mem = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(expr)) {
2404     assert(isa<CXXMethodDecl>(mem->getMemberDecl()));
2405     return mem->getMemberDecl()->getType();
2406   }
2407 
2408   if (const BinaryOperator *op = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(expr)) {
2409     QualType type = op->getRHS()->getType()->castAs<MemberPointerType>()
2410                       ->getPointeeType();
2411     assert(type->isFunctionType());
2412     return type;
2413   }
2414 
2415   assert(isa<UnresolvedMemberExpr>(expr) || isa<CXXPseudoDestructorExpr>(expr));
2416   return QualType();
2417 }
2418 
2419 Expr* Expr::IgnoreParens() {
2420   Expr* E = this;
2421   while (true) {
2422     if (ParenExpr* P = dyn_cast<ParenExpr>(E)) {
2423       E = P->getSubExpr();
2424       continue;
2425     }
2426     if (UnaryOperator* P = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(E)) {
2427       if (P->getOpcode() == UO_Extension) {
2428         E = P->getSubExpr();
2429         continue;
2430       }
2431     }
2432     if (GenericSelectionExpr* P = dyn_cast<GenericSelectionExpr>(E)) {
2433       if (!P->isResultDependent()) {
2434         E = P->getResultExpr();
2435         continue;
2436       }
2437     }
2438     if (ChooseExpr* P = dyn_cast<ChooseExpr>(E)) {
2439       if (!P->isConditionDependent()) {
2440         E = P->getChosenSubExpr();
2441         continue;
2442       }
2443     }
2444     return E;
2445   }
2446 }
2447 
2448 /// IgnoreParenCasts - Ignore parentheses and casts.  Strip off any ParenExpr
2449 /// or CastExprs or ImplicitCastExprs, returning their operand.
2450 Expr *Expr::IgnoreParenCasts() {
2451   Expr *E = this;
2452   while (true) {
2453     E = E->IgnoreParens();
2454     if (CastExpr *P = dyn_cast<CastExpr>(E)) {
2455       E = P->getSubExpr();
2456       continue;
2457     }
2458     if (MaterializeTemporaryExpr *Materialize
2459                                       = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E)) {
2460       E = Materialize->GetTemporaryExpr();
2461       continue;
2462     }
2463     if (SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr *NTTP
2464                                   = dyn_cast<SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr>(E)) {
2465       E = NTTP->getReplacement();
2466       continue;
2467     }
2468     return E;
2469   }
2470 }
2471 
2472 Expr *Expr::IgnoreCasts() {
2473   Expr *E = this;
2474   while (true) {
2475     if (CastExpr *P = dyn_cast<CastExpr>(E)) {
2476       E = P->getSubExpr();
2477       continue;
2478     }
2479     if (MaterializeTemporaryExpr *Materialize
2480         = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E)) {
2481       E = Materialize->GetTemporaryExpr();
2482       continue;
2483     }
2484     if (SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr *NTTP
2485         = dyn_cast<SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr>(E)) {
2486       E = NTTP->getReplacement();
2487       continue;
2488     }
2489     return E;
2490   }
2491 }
2492 
2493 /// IgnoreParenLValueCasts - Ignore parentheses and lvalue-to-rvalue
2494 /// casts.  This is intended purely as a temporary workaround for code
2495 /// that hasn't yet been rewritten to do the right thing about those
2496 /// casts, and may disappear along with the last internal use.
2497 Expr *Expr::IgnoreParenLValueCasts() {
2498   Expr *E = this;
2499   while (true) {
2500     E = E->IgnoreParens();
2501     if (CastExpr *P = dyn_cast<CastExpr>(E)) {
2502       if (P->getCastKind() == CK_LValueToRValue) {
2503         E = P->getSubExpr();
2504         continue;
2505       }
2506     } else if (MaterializeTemporaryExpr *Materialize
2507                                       = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E)) {
2508       E = Materialize->GetTemporaryExpr();
2509       continue;
2510     } else if (SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr *NTTP
2511                                   = dyn_cast<SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr>(E)) {
2512       E = NTTP->getReplacement();
2513       continue;
2514     }
2515     break;
2516   }
2517   return E;
2518 }
2519 
2520 Expr *Expr::ignoreParenBaseCasts() {
2521   Expr *E = this;
2522   while (true) {
2523     E = E->IgnoreParens();
2524     if (CastExpr *CE = dyn_cast<CastExpr>(E)) {
2525       if (CE->getCastKind() == CK_DerivedToBase ||
2526           CE->getCastKind() == CK_UncheckedDerivedToBase ||
2527           CE->getCastKind() == CK_NoOp) {
2528         E = CE->getSubExpr();
2529         continue;
2530       }
2531     }
2532 
2533     return E;
2534   }
2535 }
2536 
2537 Expr *Expr::IgnoreParenImpCasts() {
2538   Expr *E = this;
2539   while (true) {
2540     E = E->IgnoreParens();
2541     if (ImplicitCastExpr *P = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
2542       E = P->getSubExpr();
2543       continue;
2544     }
2545     if (MaterializeTemporaryExpr *Materialize
2546                                       = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E)) {
2547       E = Materialize->GetTemporaryExpr();
2548       continue;
2549     }
2550     if (SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr *NTTP
2551                                   = dyn_cast<SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr>(E)) {
2552       E = NTTP->getReplacement();
2553       continue;
2554     }
2555     return E;
2556   }
2557 }
2558 
2559 Expr *Expr::IgnoreConversionOperator() {
2560   if (CXXMemberCallExpr *MCE = dyn_cast<CXXMemberCallExpr>(this)) {
2561     if (MCE->getMethodDecl() && isa<CXXConversionDecl>(MCE->getMethodDecl()))
2562       return MCE->getImplicitObjectArgument();
2563   }
2564   return this;
2565 }
2566 
2567 /// IgnoreParenNoopCasts - Ignore parentheses and casts that do not change the
2568 /// value (including ptr->int casts of the same size).  Strip off any
2569 /// ParenExpr or CastExprs, returning their operand.
2570 Expr *Expr::IgnoreParenNoopCasts(ASTContext &Ctx) {
2571   Expr *E = this;
2572   while (true) {
2573     E = E->IgnoreParens();
2574 
2575     if (CastExpr *P = dyn_cast<CastExpr>(E)) {
2576       // We ignore integer <-> casts that are of the same width, ptr<->ptr and
2577       // ptr<->int casts of the same width.  We also ignore all identity casts.
2578       Expr *SE = P->getSubExpr();
2579 
2580       if (Ctx.hasSameUnqualifiedType(E->getType(), SE->getType())) {
2581         E = SE;
2582         continue;
2583       }
2584 
2585       if ((E->getType()->isPointerType() ||
2586            E->getType()->isIntegralType(Ctx)) &&
2587           (SE->getType()->isPointerType() ||
2588            SE->getType()->isIntegralType(Ctx)) &&
2589           Ctx.getTypeSize(E->getType()) == Ctx.getTypeSize(SE->getType())) {
2590         E = SE;
2591         continue;
2592       }
2593     }
2594 
2595     if (SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr *NTTP
2596                                   = dyn_cast<SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr>(E)) {
2597       E = NTTP->getReplacement();
2598       continue;
2599     }
2600 
2601     return E;
2602   }
2603 }
2604 
2605 bool Expr::isDefaultArgument() const {
2606   const Expr *E = this;
2607   if (const MaterializeTemporaryExpr *M = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E))
2608     E = M->GetTemporaryExpr();
2609 
2610   while (const ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E))
2611     E = ICE->getSubExprAsWritten();
2612 
2613   return isa<CXXDefaultArgExpr>(E);
2614 }
2615 
2616 /// \brief Skip over any no-op casts and any temporary-binding
2617 /// expressions.
2618 static const Expr *skipTemporaryBindingsNoOpCastsAndParens(const Expr *E) {
2619   if (const MaterializeTemporaryExpr *M = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E))
2620     E = M->GetTemporaryExpr();
2621 
2622   while (const ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
2623     if (ICE->getCastKind() == CK_NoOp)
2624       E = ICE->getSubExpr();
2625     else
2626       break;
2627   }
2628 
2629   while (const CXXBindTemporaryExpr *BE = dyn_cast<CXXBindTemporaryExpr>(E))
2630     E = BE->getSubExpr();
2631 
2632   while (const ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
2633     if (ICE->getCastKind() == CK_NoOp)
2634       E = ICE->getSubExpr();
2635     else
2636       break;
2637   }
2638 
2639   return E->IgnoreParens();
2640 }
2641 
2642 /// isTemporaryObject - Determines if this expression produces a
2643 /// temporary of the given class type.
2644 bool Expr::isTemporaryObject(ASTContext &C, const CXXRecordDecl *TempTy) const {
2645   if (!C.hasSameUnqualifiedType(getType(), C.getTypeDeclType(TempTy)))
2646     return false;
2647 
2648   const Expr *E = skipTemporaryBindingsNoOpCastsAndParens(this);
2649 
2650   // Temporaries are by definition pr-values of class type.
2651   if (!E->Classify(C).isPRValue()) {
2652     // In this context, property reference is a message call and is pr-value.
2653     if (!isa<ObjCPropertyRefExpr>(E))
2654       return false;
2655   }
2656 
2657   // Black-list a few cases which yield pr-values of class type that don't
2658   // refer to temporaries of that type:
2659 
2660   // - implicit derived-to-base conversions
2661   if (isa<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
2662     switch (cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)->getCastKind()) {
2663     case CK_DerivedToBase:
2664     case CK_UncheckedDerivedToBase:
2665       return false;
2666     default:
2667       break;
2668     }
2669   }
2670 
2671   // - member expressions (all)
2672   if (isa<MemberExpr>(E))
2673     return false;
2674 
2675   if (const BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E))
2676     if (BO->isPtrMemOp())
2677       return false;
2678 
2679   // - opaque values (all)
2680   if (isa<OpaqueValueExpr>(E))
2681     return false;
2682 
2683   return true;
2684 }
2685 
2686 bool Expr::isImplicitCXXThis() const {
2687   const Expr *E = this;
2688 
2689   // Strip away parentheses and casts we don't care about.
2690   while (true) {
2691     if (const ParenExpr *Paren = dyn_cast<ParenExpr>(E)) {
2692       E = Paren->getSubExpr();
2693       continue;
2694     }
2695 
2696     if (const ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
2697       if (ICE->getCastKind() == CK_NoOp ||
2698           ICE->getCastKind() == CK_LValueToRValue ||
2699           ICE->getCastKind() == CK_DerivedToBase ||
2700           ICE->getCastKind() == CK_UncheckedDerivedToBase) {
2701         E = ICE->getSubExpr();
2702         continue;
2703       }
2704     }
2705 
2706     if (const UnaryOperator* UnOp = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(E)) {
2707       if (UnOp->getOpcode() == UO_Extension) {
2708         E = UnOp->getSubExpr();
2709         continue;
2710       }
2711     }
2712 
2713     if (const MaterializeTemporaryExpr *M
2714                                       = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(E)) {
2715       E = M->GetTemporaryExpr();
2716       continue;
2717     }
2718 
2719     break;
2720   }
2721 
2722   if (const CXXThisExpr *This = dyn_cast<CXXThisExpr>(E))
2723     return This->isImplicit();
2724 
2725   return false;
2726 }
2727 
2728 /// hasAnyTypeDependentArguments - Determines if any of the expressions
2729 /// in Exprs is type-dependent.
2730 bool Expr::hasAnyTypeDependentArguments(ArrayRef<Expr *> Exprs) {
2731   for (unsigned I = 0; I < Exprs.size(); ++I)
2732     if (Exprs[I]->isTypeDependent())
2733       return true;
2734 
2735   return false;
2736 }
2737 
2738 bool Expr::isConstantInitializer(ASTContext &Ctx, bool IsForRef,
2739                                  const Expr **Culprit) const {
2740   // This function is attempting whether an expression is an initializer
2741   // which can be evaluated at compile-time. It very closely parallels
2742   // ConstExprEmitter in CGExprConstant.cpp; if they don't match, it
2743   // will lead to unexpected results.  Like ConstExprEmitter, it falls back
2744   // to isEvaluatable most of the time.
2745   //
2746   // If we ever capture reference-binding directly in the AST, we can
2747   // kill the second parameter.
2748 
2749   if (IsForRef) {
2750     EvalResult Result;
2751     if (EvaluateAsLValue(Result, Ctx) && !Result.HasSideEffects)
2752       return true;
2753     if (Culprit)
2754       *Culprit = this;
2755     return false;
2756   }
2757 
2758   switch (getStmtClass()) {
2759   default: break;
2760   case StringLiteralClass:
2761   case ObjCEncodeExprClass:
2762     return true;
2763   case CXXTemporaryObjectExprClass:
2764   case CXXConstructExprClass: {
2765     const CXXConstructExpr *CE = cast<CXXConstructExpr>(this);
2766 
2767     if (CE->getConstructor()->isTrivial() &&
2768         CE->getConstructor()->getParent()->hasTrivialDestructor()) {
2769       // Trivial default constructor
2770       if (!CE->getNumArgs()) return true;
2771 
2772       // Trivial copy constructor
2773       assert(CE->getNumArgs() == 1 && "trivial ctor with > 1 argument");
2774       return CE->getArg(0)->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit);
2775     }
2776 
2777     break;
2778   }
2779   case CompoundLiteralExprClass: {
2780     // This handles gcc's extension that allows global initializers like
2781     // "struct x {int x;} x = (struct x) {};".
2782     // FIXME: This accepts other cases it shouldn't!
2783     const Expr *Exp = cast<CompoundLiteralExpr>(this)->getInitializer();
2784     return Exp->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit);
2785   }
2786   case DesignatedInitUpdateExprClass: {
2787     const DesignatedInitUpdateExpr *DIUE = cast<DesignatedInitUpdateExpr>(this);
2788     return DIUE->getBase()->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit) &&
2789            DIUE->getUpdater()->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit);
2790   }
2791   case InitListExprClass: {
2792     const InitListExpr *ILE = cast<InitListExpr>(this);
2793     if (ILE->getType()->isArrayType()) {
2794       unsigned numInits = ILE->getNumInits();
2795       for (unsigned i = 0; i < numInits; i++) {
2796         if (!ILE->getInit(i)->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit))
2797           return false;
2798       }
2799       return true;
2800     }
2801 
2802     if (ILE->getType()->isRecordType()) {
2803       unsigned ElementNo = 0;
2804       RecordDecl *RD = ILE->getType()->getAs<RecordType>()->getDecl();
2805       for (const auto *Field : RD->fields()) {
2806         // If this is a union, skip all the fields that aren't being initialized.
2807         if (RD->isUnion() && ILE->getInitializedFieldInUnion() != Field)
2808           continue;
2809 
2810         // Don't emit anonymous bitfields, they just affect layout.
2811         if (Field->isUnnamedBitfield())
2812           continue;
2813 
2814         if (ElementNo < ILE->getNumInits()) {
2815           const Expr *Elt = ILE->getInit(ElementNo++);
2816           if (Field->isBitField()) {
2817             // Bitfields have to evaluate to an integer.
2818             llvm::APSInt ResultTmp;
2819             if (!Elt->EvaluateAsInt(ResultTmp, Ctx)) {
2820               if (Culprit)
2821                 *Culprit = Elt;
2822               return false;
2823             }
2824           } else {
2825             bool RefType = Field->getType()->isReferenceType();
2826             if (!Elt->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, RefType, Culprit))
2827               return false;
2828           }
2829         }
2830       }
2831       return true;
2832     }
2833 
2834     break;
2835   }
2836   case ImplicitValueInitExprClass:
2837   case NoInitExprClass:
2838     return true;
2839   case ParenExprClass:
2840     return cast<ParenExpr>(this)->getSubExpr()
2841       ->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, IsForRef, Culprit);
2842   case GenericSelectionExprClass:
2843     return cast<GenericSelectionExpr>(this)->getResultExpr()
2844       ->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, IsForRef, Culprit);
2845   case ChooseExprClass:
2846     if (cast<ChooseExpr>(this)->isConditionDependent()) {
2847       if (Culprit)
2848         *Culprit = this;
2849       return false;
2850     }
2851     return cast<ChooseExpr>(this)->getChosenSubExpr()
2852       ->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, IsForRef, Culprit);
2853   case UnaryOperatorClass: {
2854     const UnaryOperator* Exp = cast<UnaryOperator>(this);
2855     if (Exp->getOpcode() == UO_Extension)
2856       return Exp->getSubExpr()->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit);
2857     break;
2858   }
2859   case CXXFunctionalCastExprClass:
2860   case CXXStaticCastExprClass:
2861   case ImplicitCastExprClass:
2862   case CStyleCastExprClass:
2863   case ObjCBridgedCastExprClass:
2864   case CXXDynamicCastExprClass:
2865   case CXXReinterpretCastExprClass:
2866   case CXXConstCastExprClass: {
2867     const CastExpr *CE = cast<CastExpr>(this);
2868 
2869     // Handle misc casts we want to ignore.
2870     if (CE->getCastKind() == CK_NoOp ||
2871         CE->getCastKind() == CK_LValueToRValue ||
2872         CE->getCastKind() == CK_ToUnion ||
2873         CE->getCastKind() == CK_ConstructorConversion ||
2874         CE->getCastKind() == CK_NonAtomicToAtomic ||
2875         CE->getCastKind() == CK_AtomicToNonAtomic)
2876       return CE->getSubExpr()->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit);
2877 
2878     break;
2879   }
2880   case MaterializeTemporaryExprClass:
2881     return cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(this)->GetTemporaryExpr()
2882       ->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit);
2883 
2884   case SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExprClass:
2885     return cast<SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExpr>(this)->getReplacement()
2886       ->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit);
2887   case CXXDefaultArgExprClass:
2888     return cast<CXXDefaultArgExpr>(this)->getExpr()
2889       ->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit);
2890   case CXXDefaultInitExprClass:
2891     return cast<CXXDefaultInitExpr>(this)->getExpr()
2892       ->isConstantInitializer(Ctx, false, Culprit);
2893   }
2894   if (isEvaluatable(Ctx))
2895     return true;
2896   if (Culprit)
2897     *Culprit = this;
2898   return false;
2899 }
2900 
2901 namespace {
2902   /// \brief Look for any side effects within a Stmt.
2903   class SideEffectFinder : public ConstEvaluatedExprVisitor<SideEffectFinder> {
2904     typedef ConstEvaluatedExprVisitor<SideEffectFinder> Inherited;
2905     const bool IncludePossibleEffects;
2906     bool HasSideEffects;
2907 
2908   public:
2909     explicit SideEffectFinder(const ASTContext &Context, bool IncludePossible)
2910       : Inherited(Context),
2911         IncludePossibleEffects(IncludePossible), HasSideEffects(false) { }
2912 
2913     bool hasSideEffects() const { return HasSideEffects; }
2914 
2915     void VisitExpr(const Expr *E) {
2916       if (!HasSideEffects &&
2917           E->HasSideEffects(Context, IncludePossibleEffects))
2918         HasSideEffects = true;
2919     }
2920   };
2921 }
2922 
2923 bool Expr::HasSideEffects(const ASTContext &Ctx,
2924                           bool IncludePossibleEffects) const {
2925   // In circumstances where we care about definite side effects instead of
2926   // potential side effects, we want to ignore expressions that are part of a
2927   // macro expansion as a potential side effect.
2928   if (!IncludePossibleEffects && getExprLoc().isMacroID())
2929     return false;
2930 
2931   if (isInstantiationDependent())
2932     return IncludePossibleEffects;
2933 
2934   switch (getStmtClass()) {
2935   case NoStmtClass:
2936   #define ABSTRACT_STMT(Type)
2937   #define STMT(Type, Base) case Type##Class:
2938   #define EXPR(Type, Base)
2939   #include "clang/AST/StmtNodes.inc"
2940     llvm_unreachable("unexpected Expr kind");
2941 
2942   case DependentScopeDeclRefExprClass:
2943   case CXXUnresolvedConstructExprClass:
2944   case CXXDependentScopeMemberExprClass:
2945   case UnresolvedLookupExprClass:
2946   case UnresolvedMemberExprClass:
2947   case PackExpansionExprClass:
2948   case SubstNonTypeTemplateParmPackExprClass:
2949   case FunctionParmPackExprClass:
2950   case TypoExprClass:
2951   case CXXFoldExprClass:
2952     llvm_unreachable("shouldn't see dependent / unresolved nodes here");
2953 
2954   case DeclRefExprClass:
2955   case ObjCIvarRefExprClass:
2956   case PredefinedExprClass:
2957   case IntegerLiteralClass:
2958   case FloatingLiteralClass:
2959   case ImaginaryLiteralClass:
2960   case StringLiteralClass:
2961   case CharacterLiteralClass:
2962   case OffsetOfExprClass:
2963   case ImplicitValueInitExprClass:
2964   case UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExprClass:
2965   case AddrLabelExprClass:
2966   case GNUNullExprClass:
2967   case NoInitExprClass:
2968   case CXXBoolLiteralExprClass:
2969   case CXXNullPtrLiteralExprClass:
2970   case CXXThisExprClass:
2971   case CXXScalarValueInitExprClass:
2972   case TypeTraitExprClass:
2973   case ArrayTypeTraitExprClass:
2974   case ExpressionTraitExprClass:
2975   case CXXNoexceptExprClass:
2976   case SizeOfPackExprClass:
2977   case ObjCStringLiteralClass:
2978   case ObjCEncodeExprClass:
2979   case ObjCBoolLiteralExprClass:
2980   case CXXUuidofExprClass:
2981   case OpaqueValueExprClass:
2982     // These never have a side-effect.
2983     return false;
2984 
2985   case CallExprClass:
2986   case CXXOperatorCallExprClass:
2987   case CXXMemberCallExprClass:
2988   case CUDAKernelCallExprClass:
2989   case UserDefinedLiteralClass: {
2990     // We don't know a call definitely has side effects, except for calls
2991     // to pure/const functions that definitely don't.
2992     // If the call itself is considered side-effect free, check the operands.
2993     const Decl *FD = cast<CallExpr>(this)->getCalleeDecl();
2994     bool IsPure = FD && (FD->hasAttr<ConstAttr>() || FD->hasAttr<PureAttr>());
2995     if (IsPure || !IncludePossibleEffects)
2996       break;
2997     return true;
2998   }
2999 
3000   case BlockExprClass:
3001   case CXXBindTemporaryExprClass:
3002     if (!IncludePossibleEffects)
3003       break;
3004     return true;
3005 
3006   case MSPropertyRefExprClass:
3007   case CompoundAssignOperatorClass:
3008   case VAArgExprClass:
3009   case AtomicExprClass:
3010   case CXXThrowExprClass:
3011   case CXXNewExprClass:
3012   case CXXDeleteExprClass:
3013   case ExprWithCleanupsClass:
3014   case CoawaitExprClass:
3015   case CoyieldExprClass:
3016     // These always have a side-effect.
3017     return true;
3018 
3019   case StmtExprClass: {
3020     // StmtExprs have a side-effect if any substatement does.
3021     SideEffectFinder Finder(Ctx, IncludePossibleEffects);
3022     Finder.Visit(cast<StmtExpr>(this)->getSubStmt());
3023     return Finder.hasSideEffects();
3024   }
3025 
3026   case ParenExprClass:
3027   case ArraySubscriptExprClass:
3028   case OMPArraySectionExprClass:
3029   case MemberExprClass:
3030   case ConditionalOperatorClass:
3031   case BinaryConditionalOperatorClass:
3032   case CompoundLiteralExprClass:
3033   case ExtVectorElementExprClass:
3034   case DesignatedInitExprClass:
3035   case DesignatedInitUpdateExprClass:
3036   case ParenListExprClass:
3037   case CXXPseudoDestructorExprClass:
3038   case CXXStdInitializerListExprClass:
3039   case SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExprClass:
3040   case MaterializeTemporaryExprClass:
3041   case ShuffleVectorExprClass:
3042   case ConvertVectorExprClass:
3043   case AsTypeExprClass:
3044     // These have a side-effect if any subexpression does.
3045     break;
3046 
3047   case UnaryOperatorClass:
3048     if (cast<UnaryOperator>(this)->isIncrementDecrementOp())
3049       return true;
3050     break;
3051 
3052   case BinaryOperatorClass:
3053     if (cast<BinaryOperator>(this)->isAssignmentOp())
3054       return true;
3055     break;
3056 
3057   case InitListExprClass:
3058     // FIXME: The children for an InitListExpr doesn't include the array filler.
3059     if (const Expr *E = cast<InitListExpr>(this)->getArrayFiller())
3060       if (E->HasSideEffects(Ctx, IncludePossibleEffects))
3061         return true;
3062     break;
3063 
3064   case GenericSelectionExprClass:
3065     return cast<GenericSelectionExpr>(this)->getResultExpr()->
3066         HasSideEffects(Ctx, IncludePossibleEffects);
3067 
3068   case ChooseExprClass:
3069     return cast<ChooseExpr>(this)->getChosenSubExpr()->HasSideEffects(
3070         Ctx, IncludePossibleEffects);
3071 
3072   case CXXDefaultArgExprClass:
3073     return cast<CXXDefaultArgExpr>(this)->getExpr()->HasSideEffects(
3074         Ctx, IncludePossibleEffects);
3075 
3076   case CXXDefaultInitExprClass: {
3077     const FieldDecl *FD = cast<CXXDefaultInitExpr>(this)->getField();
3078     if (const Expr *E = FD->getInClassInitializer())
3079       return E->HasSideEffects(Ctx, IncludePossibleEffects);
3080     // If we've not yet parsed the initializer, assume it has side-effects.
3081     return true;
3082   }
3083 
3084   case CXXDynamicCastExprClass: {
3085     // A dynamic_cast expression has side-effects if it can throw.
3086     const CXXDynamicCastExpr *DCE = cast<CXXDynamicCastExpr>(this);
3087     if (DCE->getTypeAsWritten()->isReferenceType() &&
3088         DCE->getCastKind() == CK_Dynamic)
3089       return true;
3090   } // Fall through.
3091   case ImplicitCastExprClass:
3092   case CStyleCastExprClass:
3093   case CXXStaticCastExprClass:
3094   case CXXReinterpretCastExprClass:
3095   case CXXConstCastExprClass:
3096   case CXXFunctionalCastExprClass: {
3097     // While volatile reads are side-effecting in both C and C++, we treat them
3098     // as having possible (not definite) side-effects. This allows idiomatic
3099     // code to behave without warning, such as sizeof(*v) for a volatile-
3100     // qualified pointer.
3101     if (!IncludePossibleEffects)
3102       break;
3103 
3104     const CastExpr *CE = cast<CastExpr>(this);
3105     if (CE->getCastKind() == CK_LValueToRValue &&
3106         CE->getSubExpr()->getType().isVolatileQualified())
3107       return true;
3108     break;
3109   }
3110 
3111   case CXXTypeidExprClass:
3112     // typeid might throw if its subexpression is potentially-evaluated, so has
3113     // side-effects in that case whether or not its subexpression does.
3114     return cast<CXXTypeidExpr>(this)->isPotentiallyEvaluated();
3115 
3116   case CXXConstructExprClass:
3117   case CXXTemporaryObjectExprClass: {
3118     const CXXConstructExpr *CE = cast<CXXConstructExpr>(this);
3119     if (!CE->getConstructor()->isTrivial() && IncludePossibleEffects)
3120       return true;
3121     // A trivial constructor does not add any side-effects of its own. Just look
3122     // at its arguments.
3123     break;
3124   }
3125 
3126   case LambdaExprClass: {
3127     const LambdaExpr *LE = cast<LambdaExpr>(this);
3128     for (LambdaExpr::capture_iterator I = LE->capture_begin(),
3129                                       E = LE->capture_end(); I != E; ++I)
3130       if (I->getCaptureKind() == LCK_ByCopy)
3131         // FIXME: Only has a side-effect if the variable is volatile or if
3132         // the copy would invoke a non-trivial copy constructor.
3133         return true;
3134     return false;
3135   }
3136 
3137   case PseudoObjectExprClass: {
3138     // Only look for side-effects in the semantic form, and look past
3139     // OpaqueValueExpr bindings in that form.
3140     const PseudoObjectExpr *PO = cast<PseudoObjectExpr>(this);
3141     for (PseudoObjectExpr::const_semantics_iterator I = PO->semantics_begin(),
3142                                                     E = PO->semantics_end();
3143          I != E; ++I) {
3144       const Expr *Subexpr = *I;
3145       if (const OpaqueValueExpr *OVE = dyn_cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(Subexpr))
3146         Subexpr = OVE->getSourceExpr();
3147       if (Subexpr->HasSideEffects(Ctx, IncludePossibleEffects))
3148         return true;
3149     }
3150     return false;
3151   }
3152 
3153   case ObjCBoxedExprClass:
3154   case ObjCArrayLiteralClass:
3155   case ObjCDictionaryLiteralClass:
3156   case ObjCSelectorExprClass:
3157   case ObjCProtocolExprClass:
3158   case ObjCIsaExprClass:
3159   case ObjCIndirectCopyRestoreExprClass:
3160   case ObjCSubscriptRefExprClass:
3161   case ObjCBridgedCastExprClass:
3162   case ObjCMessageExprClass:
3163   case ObjCPropertyRefExprClass:
3164   // FIXME: Classify these cases better.
3165     if (IncludePossibleEffects)
3166       return true;
3167     break;
3168   }
3169 
3170   // Recurse to children.
3171   for (const Stmt *SubStmt : children())
3172     if (SubStmt &&
3173         cast<Expr>(SubStmt)->HasSideEffects(Ctx, IncludePossibleEffects))
3174       return true;
3175 
3176   return false;
3177 }
3178 
3179 namespace {
3180   /// \brief Look for a call to a non-trivial function within an expression.
3181   class NonTrivialCallFinder : public ConstEvaluatedExprVisitor<NonTrivialCallFinder>
3182   {
3183     typedef ConstEvaluatedExprVisitor<NonTrivialCallFinder> Inherited;
3184 
3185     bool NonTrivial;
3186 
3187   public:
3188     explicit NonTrivialCallFinder(const ASTContext &Context)
3189       : Inherited(Context), NonTrivial(false) { }
3190 
3191     bool hasNonTrivialCall() const { return NonTrivial; }
3192 
3193     void VisitCallExpr(const CallExpr *E) {
3194       if (const CXXMethodDecl *Method
3195           = dyn_cast_or_null<const CXXMethodDecl>(E->getCalleeDecl())) {
3196         if (Method->isTrivial()) {
3197           // Recurse to children of the call.
3198           Inherited::VisitStmt(E);
3199           return;
3200         }
3201       }
3202 
3203       NonTrivial = true;
3204     }
3205 
3206     void VisitCXXConstructExpr(const CXXConstructExpr *E) {
3207       if (E->getConstructor()->isTrivial()) {
3208         // Recurse to children of the call.
3209         Inherited::VisitStmt(E);
3210         return;
3211       }
3212 
3213       NonTrivial = true;
3214     }
3215 
3216     void VisitCXXBindTemporaryExpr(const CXXBindTemporaryExpr *E) {
3217       if (E->getTemporary()->getDestructor()->isTrivial()) {
3218         Inherited::VisitStmt(E);
3219         return;
3220       }
3221 
3222       NonTrivial = true;
3223     }
3224   };
3225 }
3226 
3227 bool Expr::hasNonTrivialCall(const ASTContext &Ctx) const {
3228   NonTrivialCallFinder Finder(Ctx);
3229   Finder.Visit(this);
3230   return Finder.hasNonTrivialCall();
3231 }
3232 
3233 /// isNullPointerConstant - C99 6.3.2.3p3 - Return whether this is a null
3234 /// pointer constant or not, as well as the specific kind of constant detected.
3235 /// Null pointer constants can be integer constant expressions with the
3236 /// value zero, casts of zero to void*, nullptr (C++0X), or __null
3237 /// (a GNU extension).
3238 Expr::NullPointerConstantKind
3239 Expr::isNullPointerConstant(ASTContext &Ctx,
3240                             NullPointerConstantValueDependence NPC) const {
3241   if (isValueDependent() &&
3242       (!Ctx.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11 || Ctx.getLangOpts().MSVCCompat)) {
3243     switch (NPC) {
3244     case NPC_NeverValueDependent:
3245       llvm_unreachable("Unexpected value dependent expression!");
3246     case NPC_ValueDependentIsNull:
3247       if (isTypeDependent() || getType()->isIntegralType(Ctx))
3248         return NPCK_ZeroExpression;
3249       else
3250         return NPCK_NotNull;
3251 
3252     case NPC_ValueDependentIsNotNull:
3253       return NPCK_NotNull;
3254     }
3255   }
3256 
3257   // Strip off a cast to void*, if it exists. Except in C++.
3258   if (const ExplicitCastExpr *CE = dyn_cast<ExplicitCastExpr>(this)) {
3259     if (!Ctx.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus) {
3260       // Check that it is a cast to void*.
3261       if (const PointerType *PT = CE->getType()->getAs<PointerType>()) {
3262         QualType Pointee = PT->getPointeeType();
3263         if (!Pointee.hasQualifiers() &&
3264             Pointee->isVoidType() &&                              // to void*
3265             CE->getSubExpr()->getType()->isIntegerType())         // from int.
3266           return CE->getSubExpr()->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3267       }
3268     }
3269   } else if (const ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(this)) {
3270     // Ignore the ImplicitCastExpr type entirely.
3271     return ICE->getSubExpr()->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3272   } else if (const ParenExpr *PE = dyn_cast<ParenExpr>(this)) {
3273     // Accept ((void*)0) as a null pointer constant, as many other
3274     // implementations do.
3275     return PE->getSubExpr()->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3276   } else if (const GenericSelectionExpr *GE =
3277                dyn_cast<GenericSelectionExpr>(this)) {
3278     if (GE->isResultDependent())
3279       return NPCK_NotNull;
3280     return GE->getResultExpr()->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3281   } else if (const ChooseExpr *CE = dyn_cast<ChooseExpr>(this)) {
3282     if (CE->isConditionDependent())
3283       return NPCK_NotNull;
3284     return CE->getChosenSubExpr()->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3285   } else if (const CXXDefaultArgExpr *DefaultArg
3286                = dyn_cast<CXXDefaultArgExpr>(this)) {
3287     // See through default argument expressions.
3288     return DefaultArg->getExpr()->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3289   } else if (const CXXDefaultInitExpr *DefaultInit
3290                = dyn_cast<CXXDefaultInitExpr>(this)) {
3291     // See through default initializer expressions.
3292     return DefaultInit->getExpr()->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3293   } else if (isa<GNUNullExpr>(this)) {
3294     // The GNU __null extension is always a null pointer constant.
3295     return NPCK_GNUNull;
3296   } else if (const MaterializeTemporaryExpr *M
3297                                    = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(this)) {
3298     return M->GetTemporaryExpr()->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3299   } else if (const OpaqueValueExpr *OVE = dyn_cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(this)) {
3300     if (const Expr *Source = OVE->getSourceExpr())
3301       return Source->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3302   }
3303 
3304   // C++11 nullptr_t is always a null pointer constant.
3305   if (getType()->isNullPtrType())
3306     return NPCK_CXX11_nullptr;
3307 
3308   if (const RecordType *UT = getType()->getAsUnionType())
3309     if (!Ctx.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11 &&
3310         UT && UT->getDecl()->hasAttr<TransparentUnionAttr>())
3311       if (const CompoundLiteralExpr *CLE = dyn_cast<CompoundLiteralExpr>(this)){
3312         const Expr *InitExpr = CLE->getInitializer();
3313         if (const InitListExpr *ILE = dyn_cast<InitListExpr>(InitExpr))
3314           return ILE->getInit(0)->isNullPointerConstant(Ctx, NPC);
3315       }
3316   // This expression must be an integer type.
3317   if (!getType()->isIntegerType() ||
3318       (Ctx.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus && getType()->isEnumeralType()))
3319     return NPCK_NotNull;
3320 
3321   if (Ctx.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11) {
3322     // C++11 [conv.ptr]p1: A null pointer constant is an integer literal with
3323     // value zero or a prvalue of type std::nullptr_t.
3324     // Microsoft mode permits C++98 rules reflecting MSVC behavior.
3325     const IntegerLiteral *Lit = dyn_cast<IntegerLiteral>(this);
3326     if (Lit && !Lit->getValue())
3327       return NPCK_ZeroLiteral;
3328     else if (!Ctx.getLangOpts().MSVCCompat || !isCXX98IntegralConstantExpr(Ctx))
3329       return NPCK_NotNull;
3330   } else {
3331     // If we have an integer constant expression, we need to *evaluate* it and
3332     // test for the value 0.
3333     if (!isIntegerConstantExpr(Ctx))
3334       return NPCK_NotNull;
3335   }
3336 
3337   if (EvaluateKnownConstInt(Ctx) != 0)
3338     return NPCK_NotNull;
3339 
3340   if (isa<IntegerLiteral>(this))
3341     return NPCK_ZeroLiteral;
3342   return NPCK_ZeroExpression;
3343 }
3344 
3345 /// \brief If this expression is an l-value for an Objective C
3346 /// property, find the underlying property reference expression.
3347 const ObjCPropertyRefExpr *Expr::getObjCProperty() const {
3348   const Expr *E = this;
3349   while (true) {
3350     assert((E->getValueKind() == VK_LValue &&
3351             E->getObjectKind() == OK_ObjCProperty) &&
3352            "expression is not a property reference");
3353     E = E->IgnoreParenCasts();
3354     if (const BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E)) {
3355       if (BO->getOpcode() == BO_Comma) {
3356         E = BO->getRHS();
3357         continue;
3358       }
3359     }
3360 
3361     break;
3362   }
3363 
3364   return cast<ObjCPropertyRefExpr>(E);
3365 }
3366 
3367 bool Expr::isObjCSelfExpr() const {
3368   const Expr *E = IgnoreParenImpCasts();
3369 
3370   const DeclRefExpr *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E);
3371   if (!DRE)
3372     return false;
3373 
3374   const ImplicitParamDecl *Param = dyn_cast<ImplicitParamDecl>(DRE->getDecl());
3375   if (!Param)
3376     return false;
3377 
3378   const ObjCMethodDecl *M = dyn_cast<ObjCMethodDecl>(Param->getDeclContext());
3379   if (!M)
3380     return false;
3381 
3382   return M->getSelfDecl() == Param;
3383 }
3384 
3385 FieldDecl *Expr::getSourceBitField() {
3386   Expr *E = this->IgnoreParens();
3387 
3388   while (ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
3389     if (ICE->getCastKind() == CK_LValueToRValue ||
3390         (ICE->getValueKind() != VK_RValue && ICE->getCastKind() == CK_NoOp))
3391       E = ICE->getSubExpr()->IgnoreParens();
3392     else
3393       break;
3394   }
3395 
3396   if (MemberExpr *MemRef = dyn_cast<MemberExpr>(E))
3397     if (FieldDecl *Field = dyn_cast<FieldDecl>(MemRef->getMemberDecl()))
3398       if (Field->isBitField())
3399         return Field;
3400 
3401   if (ObjCIvarRefExpr *IvarRef = dyn_cast<ObjCIvarRefExpr>(E))
3402     if (FieldDecl *Ivar = dyn_cast<FieldDecl>(IvarRef->getDecl()))
3403       if (Ivar->isBitField())
3404         return Ivar;
3405 
3406   if (DeclRefExpr *DeclRef = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E))
3407     if (FieldDecl *Field = dyn_cast<FieldDecl>(DeclRef->getDecl()))
3408       if (Field->isBitField())
3409         return Field;
3410 
3411   if (BinaryOperator *BinOp = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(E)) {
3412     if (BinOp->isAssignmentOp() && BinOp->getLHS())
3413       return BinOp->getLHS()->getSourceBitField();
3414 
3415     if (BinOp->getOpcode() == BO_Comma && BinOp->getRHS())
3416       return BinOp->getRHS()->getSourceBitField();
3417   }
3418 
3419   if (UnaryOperator *UnOp = dyn_cast<UnaryOperator>(E))
3420     if (UnOp->isPrefix() && UnOp->isIncrementDecrementOp())
3421       return UnOp->getSubExpr()->getSourceBitField();
3422 
3423   return nullptr;
3424 }
3425 
3426 bool Expr::refersToVectorElement() const {
3427   const Expr *E = this->IgnoreParens();
3428 
3429   while (const ImplicitCastExpr *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(E)) {
3430     if (ICE->getValueKind() != VK_RValue &&
3431         ICE->getCastKind() == CK_NoOp)
3432       E = ICE->getSubExpr()->IgnoreParens();
3433     else
3434       break;
3435   }
3436 
3437   if (const ArraySubscriptExpr *ASE = dyn_cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(E))
3438     return ASE->getBase()->getType()->isVectorType();
3439 
3440   if (isa<ExtVectorElementExpr>(E))
3441     return true;
3442 
3443   return false;
3444 }
3445 
3446 bool Expr::refersToGlobalRegisterVar() const {
3447   const Expr *E = this->IgnoreParenImpCasts();
3448 
3449   if (const DeclRefExpr *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E))
3450     if (const auto *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(DRE->getDecl()))
3451       if (VD->getStorageClass() == SC_Register &&
3452           VD->hasAttr<AsmLabelAttr>() && !VD->isLocalVarDecl())
3453         return true;
3454 
3455   return false;
3456 }
3457 
3458 /// isArrow - Return true if the base expression is a pointer to vector,
3459 /// return false if the base expression is a vector.
3460 bool ExtVectorElementExpr::isArrow() const {
3461   return getBase()->getType()->isPointerType();
3462 }
3463 
3464 unsigned ExtVectorElementExpr::getNumElements() const {
3465   if (const VectorType *VT = getType()->getAs<VectorType>())
3466     return VT->getNumElements();
3467   return 1;
3468 }
3469 
3470 /// containsDuplicateElements - Return true if any element access is repeated.
3471 bool ExtVectorElementExpr::containsDuplicateElements() const {
3472   // FIXME: Refactor this code to an accessor on the AST node which returns the
3473   // "type" of component access, and share with code below and in Sema.
3474   StringRef Comp = Accessor->getName();
3475 
3476   // Halving swizzles do not contain duplicate elements.
3477   if (Comp == "hi" || Comp == "lo" || Comp == "even" || Comp == "odd")
3478     return false;
3479 
3480   // Advance past s-char prefix on hex swizzles.
3481   if (Comp[0] == 's' || Comp[0] == 'S')
3482     Comp = Comp.substr(1);
3483 
3484   for (unsigned i = 0, e = Comp.size(); i != e; ++i)
3485     if (Comp.substr(i + 1).find(Comp[i]) != StringRef::npos)
3486         return true;
3487 
3488   return false;
3489 }
3490 
3491 /// getEncodedElementAccess - We encode the fields as a llvm ConstantArray.
3492 void ExtVectorElementExpr::getEncodedElementAccess(
3493     SmallVectorImpl<uint32_t> &Elts) const {
3494   StringRef Comp = Accessor->getName();
3495   if (Comp[0] == 's' || Comp[0] == 'S')
3496     Comp = Comp.substr(1);
3497 
3498   bool isHi =   Comp == "hi";
3499   bool isLo =   Comp == "lo";
3500   bool isEven = Comp == "even";
3501   bool isOdd  = Comp == "odd";
3502 
3503   for (unsigned i = 0, e = getNumElements(); i != e; ++i) {
3504     uint64_t Index;
3505 
3506     if (isHi)
3507       Index = e + i;
3508     else if (isLo)
3509       Index = i;
3510     else if (isEven)
3511       Index = 2 * i;
3512     else if (isOdd)
3513       Index = 2 * i + 1;
3514     else
3515       Index = ExtVectorType::getAccessorIdx(Comp[i]);
3516 
3517     Elts.push_back(Index);
3518   }
3519 }
3520 
3521 ShuffleVectorExpr::ShuffleVectorExpr(const ASTContext &C, ArrayRef<Expr*> args,
3522                                      QualType Type, SourceLocation BLoc,
3523                                      SourceLocation RP)
3524    : Expr(ShuffleVectorExprClass, Type, VK_RValue, OK_Ordinary,
3525           Type->isDependentType(), Type->isDependentType(),
3526           Type->isInstantiationDependentType(),
3527           Type->containsUnexpandedParameterPack()),
3528      BuiltinLoc(BLoc), RParenLoc(RP), NumExprs(args.size())
3529 {
3530   SubExprs = new (C) Stmt*[args.size()];
3531   for (unsigned i = 0; i != args.size(); i++) {
3532     if (args[i]->isTypeDependent())
3533       ExprBits.TypeDependent = true;
3534     if (args[i]->isValueDependent())
3535       ExprBits.ValueDependent = true;
3536     if (args[i]->isInstantiationDependent())
3537       ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
3538     if (args[i]->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
3539       ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
3540 
3541     SubExprs[i] = args[i];
3542   }
3543 }
3544 
3545 void ShuffleVectorExpr::setExprs(const ASTContext &C, ArrayRef<Expr *> Exprs) {
3546   if (SubExprs) C.Deallocate(SubExprs);
3547 
3548   this->NumExprs = Exprs.size();
3549   SubExprs = new (C) Stmt*[NumExprs];
3550   memcpy(SubExprs, Exprs.data(), sizeof(Expr *) * Exprs.size());
3551 }
3552 
3553 GenericSelectionExpr::GenericSelectionExpr(const ASTContext &Context,
3554                                SourceLocation GenericLoc, Expr *ControllingExpr,
3555                                ArrayRef<TypeSourceInfo*> AssocTypes,
3556                                ArrayRef<Expr*> AssocExprs,
3557                                SourceLocation DefaultLoc,
3558                                SourceLocation RParenLoc,
3559                                bool ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack,
3560                                unsigned ResultIndex)
3561   : Expr(GenericSelectionExprClass,
3562          AssocExprs[ResultIndex]->getType(),
3563          AssocExprs[ResultIndex]->getValueKind(),
3564          AssocExprs[ResultIndex]->getObjectKind(),
3565          AssocExprs[ResultIndex]->isTypeDependent(),
3566          AssocExprs[ResultIndex]->isValueDependent(),
3567          AssocExprs[ResultIndex]->isInstantiationDependent(),
3568          ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack),
3569     AssocTypes(new (Context) TypeSourceInfo*[AssocTypes.size()]),
3570     SubExprs(new (Context) Stmt*[END_EXPR+AssocExprs.size()]),
3571     NumAssocs(AssocExprs.size()), ResultIndex(ResultIndex),
3572     GenericLoc(GenericLoc), DefaultLoc(DefaultLoc), RParenLoc(RParenLoc) {
3573   SubExprs[CONTROLLING] = ControllingExpr;
3574   assert(AssocTypes.size() == AssocExprs.size());
3575   std::copy(AssocTypes.begin(), AssocTypes.end(), this->AssocTypes);
3576   std::copy(AssocExprs.begin(), AssocExprs.end(), SubExprs+END_EXPR);
3577 }
3578 
3579 GenericSelectionExpr::GenericSelectionExpr(const ASTContext &Context,
3580                                SourceLocation GenericLoc, Expr *ControllingExpr,
3581                                ArrayRef<TypeSourceInfo*> AssocTypes,
3582                                ArrayRef<Expr*> AssocExprs,
3583                                SourceLocation DefaultLoc,
3584                                SourceLocation RParenLoc,
3585                                bool ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack)
3586   : Expr(GenericSelectionExprClass,
3587          Context.DependentTy,
3588          VK_RValue,
3589          OK_Ordinary,
3590          /*isTypeDependent=*/true,
3591          /*isValueDependent=*/true,
3592          /*isInstantiationDependent=*/true,
3593          ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack),
3594     AssocTypes(new (Context) TypeSourceInfo*[AssocTypes.size()]),
3595     SubExprs(new (Context) Stmt*[END_EXPR+AssocExprs.size()]),
3596     NumAssocs(AssocExprs.size()), ResultIndex(-1U), GenericLoc(GenericLoc),
3597     DefaultLoc(DefaultLoc), RParenLoc(RParenLoc) {
3598   SubExprs[CONTROLLING] = ControllingExpr;
3599   assert(AssocTypes.size() == AssocExprs.size());
3600   std::copy(AssocTypes.begin(), AssocTypes.end(), this->AssocTypes);
3601   std::copy(AssocExprs.begin(), AssocExprs.end(), SubExprs+END_EXPR);
3602 }
3603 
3604 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3605 //  DesignatedInitExpr
3606 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3607 
3608 IdentifierInfo *DesignatedInitExpr::Designator::getFieldName() const {
3609   assert(Kind == FieldDesignator && "Only valid on a field designator");
3610   if (Field.NameOrField & 0x01)
3611     return reinterpret_cast<IdentifierInfo *>(Field.NameOrField&~0x01);
3612   else
3613     return getField()->getIdentifier();
3614 }
3615 
3616 DesignatedInitExpr::DesignatedInitExpr(const ASTContext &C, QualType Ty,
3617                                        unsigned NumDesignators,
3618                                        const Designator *Designators,
3619                                        SourceLocation EqualOrColonLoc,
3620                                        bool GNUSyntax,
3621                                        ArrayRef<Expr*> IndexExprs,
3622                                        Expr *Init)
3623   : Expr(DesignatedInitExprClass, Ty,
3624          Init->getValueKind(), Init->getObjectKind(),
3625          Init->isTypeDependent(), Init->isValueDependent(),
3626          Init->isInstantiationDependent(),
3627          Init->containsUnexpandedParameterPack()),
3628     EqualOrColonLoc(EqualOrColonLoc), GNUSyntax(GNUSyntax),
3629     NumDesignators(NumDesignators), NumSubExprs(IndexExprs.size() + 1) {
3630   this->Designators = new (C) Designator[NumDesignators];
3631 
3632   // Record the initializer itself.
3633   child_iterator Child = child_begin();
3634   *Child++ = Init;
3635 
3636   // Copy the designators and their subexpressions, computing
3637   // value-dependence along the way.
3638   unsigned IndexIdx = 0;
3639   for (unsigned I = 0; I != NumDesignators; ++I) {
3640     this->Designators[I] = Designators[I];
3641 
3642     if (this->Designators[I].isArrayDesignator()) {
3643       // Compute type- and value-dependence.
3644       Expr *Index = IndexExprs[IndexIdx];
3645       if (Index->isTypeDependent() || Index->isValueDependent())
3646         ExprBits.TypeDependent = ExprBits.ValueDependent = true;
3647       if (Index->isInstantiationDependent())
3648         ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
3649       // Propagate unexpanded parameter packs.
3650       if (Index->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
3651         ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
3652 
3653       // Copy the index expressions into permanent storage.
3654       *Child++ = IndexExprs[IndexIdx++];
3655     } else if (this->Designators[I].isArrayRangeDesignator()) {
3656       // Compute type- and value-dependence.
3657       Expr *Start = IndexExprs[IndexIdx];
3658       Expr *End = IndexExprs[IndexIdx + 1];
3659       if (Start->isTypeDependent() || Start->isValueDependent() ||
3660           End->isTypeDependent() || End->isValueDependent()) {
3661         ExprBits.TypeDependent = ExprBits.ValueDependent = true;
3662         ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
3663       } else if (Start->isInstantiationDependent() ||
3664                  End->isInstantiationDependent()) {
3665         ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
3666       }
3667 
3668       // Propagate unexpanded parameter packs.
3669       if (Start->containsUnexpandedParameterPack() ||
3670           End->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
3671         ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
3672 
3673       // Copy the start/end expressions into permanent storage.
3674       *Child++ = IndexExprs[IndexIdx++];
3675       *Child++ = IndexExprs[IndexIdx++];
3676     }
3677   }
3678 
3679   assert(IndexIdx == IndexExprs.size() && "Wrong number of index expressions");
3680 }
3681 
3682 DesignatedInitExpr *
3683 DesignatedInitExpr::Create(const ASTContext &C, Designator *Designators,
3684                            unsigned NumDesignators,
3685                            ArrayRef<Expr*> IndexExprs,
3686                            SourceLocation ColonOrEqualLoc,
3687                            bool UsesColonSyntax, Expr *Init) {
3688   void *Mem = C.Allocate(sizeof(DesignatedInitExpr) +
3689                              sizeof(Stmt *) * (IndexExprs.size() + 1),
3690                          llvm::alignOf<DesignatedInitExpr>());
3691   return new (Mem) DesignatedInitExpr(C, C.VoidTy, NumDesignators, Designators,
3692                                       ColonOrEqualLoc, UsesColonSyntax,
3693                                       IndexExprs, Init);
3694 }
3695 
3696 DesignatedInitExpr *DesignatedInitExpr::CreateEmpty(const ASTContext &C,
3697                                                     unsigned NumIndexExprs) {
3698   void *Mem = C.Allocate(sizeof(DesignatedInitExpr) +
3699                          sizeof(Stmt *) * (NumIndexExprs + 1), 8);
3700   return new (Mem) DesignatedInitExpr(NumIndexExprs + 1);
3701 }
3702 
3703 void DesignatedInitExpr::setDesignators(const ASTContext &C,
3704                                         const Designator *Desigs,
3705                                         unsigned NumDesigs) {
3706   Designators = new (C) Designator[NumDesigs];
3707   NumDesignators = NumDesigs;
3708   for (unsigned I = 0; I != NumDesigs; ++I)
3709     Designators[I] = Desigs[I];
3710 }
3711 
3712 SourceRange DesignatedInitExpr::getDesignatorsSourceRange() const {
3713   DesignatedInitExpr *DIE = const_cast<DesignatedInitExpr*>(this);
3714   if (size() == 1)
3715     return DIE->getDesignator(0)->getSourceRange();
3716   return SourceRange(DIE->getDesignator(0)->getLocStart(),
3717                      DIE->getDesignator(size()-1)->getLocEnd());
3718 }
3719 
3720 SourceLocation DesignatedInitExpr::getLocStart() const {
3721   SourceLocation StartLoc;
3722   Designator &First =
3723     *const_cast<DesignatedInitExpr*>(this)->designators_begin();
3724   if (First.isFieldDesignator()) {
3725     if (GNUSyntax)
3726       StartLoc = SourceLocation::getFromRawEncoding(First.Field.FieldLoc);
3727     else
3728       StartLoc = SourceLocation::getFromRawEncoding(First.Field.DotLoc);
3729   } else
3730     StartLoc =
3731       SourceLocation::getFromRawEncoding(First.ArrayOrRange.LBracketLoc);
3732   return StartLoc;
3733 }
3734 
3735 SourceLocation DesignatedInitExpr::getLocEnd() const {
3736   return getInit()->getLocEnd();
3737 }
3738 
3739 Expr *DesignatedInitExpr::getArrayIndex(const Designator& D) const {
3740   assert(D.Kind == Designator::ArrayDesignator && "Requires array designator");
3741   Stmt *const *SubExprs = reinterpret_cast<Stmt *const *>(this + 1);
3742   return cast<Expr>(*(SubExprs + D.ArrayOrRange.Index + 1));
3743 }
3744 
3745 Expr *DesignatedInitExpr::getArrayRangeStart(const Designator &D) const {
3746   assert(D.Kind == Designator::ArrayRangeDesignator &&
3747          "Requires array range designator");
3748   Stmt *const *SubExprs = reinterpret_cast<Stmt *const *>(this + 1);
3749   return cast<Expr>(*(SubExprs + D.ArrayOrRange.Index + 1));
3750 }
3751 
3752 Expr *DesignatedInitExpr::getArrayRangeEnd(const Designator &D) const {
3753   assert(D.Kind == Designator::ArrayRangeDesignator &&
3754          "Requires array range designator");
3755   Stmt *const *SubExprs = reinterpret_cast<Stmt *const *>(this + 1);
3756   return cast<Expr>(*(SubExprs + D.ArrayOrRange.Index + 2));
3757 }
3758 
3759 /// \brief Replaces the designator at index @p Idx with the series
3760 /// of designators in [First, Last).
3761 void DesignatedInitExpr::ExpandDesignator(const ASTContext &C, unsigned Idx,
3762                                           const Designator *First,
3763                                           const Designator *Last) {
3764   unsigned NumNewDesignators = Last - First;
3765   if (NumNewDesignators == 0) {
3766     std::copy_backward(Designators + Idx + 1,
3767                        Designators + NumDesignators,
3768                        Designators + Idx);
3769     --NumNewDesignators;
3770     return;
3771   } else if (NumNewDesignators == 1) {
3772     Designators[Idx] = *First;
3773     return;
3774   }
3775 
3776   Designator *NewDesignators
3777     = new (C) Designator[NumDesignators - 1 + NumNewDesignators];
3778   std::copy(Designators, Designators + Idx, NewDesignators);
3779   std::copy(First, Last, NewDesignators + Idx);
3780   std::copy(Designators + Idx + 1, Designators + NumDesignators,
3781             NewDesignators + Idx + NumNewDesignators);
3782   Designators = NewDesignators;
3783   NumDesignators = NumDesignators - 1 + NumNewDesignators;
3784 }
3785 
3786 DesignatedInitUpdateExpr::DesignatedInitUpdateExpr(const ASTContext &C,
3787     SourceLocation lBraceLoc, Expr *baseExpr, SourceLocation rBraceLoc)
3788   : Expr(DesignatedInitUpdateExprClass, baseExpr->getType(), VK_RValue,
3789          OK_Ordinary, false, false, false, false) {
3790   BaseAndUpdaterExprs[0] = baseExpr;
3791 
3792   InitListExpr *ILE = new (C) InitListExpr(C, lBraceLoc, None, rBraceLoc);
3793   ILE->setType(baseExpr->getType());
3794   BaseAndUpdaterExprs[1] = ILE;
3795 }
3796 
3797 SourceLocation DesignatedInitUpdateExpr::getLocStart() const {
3798   return getBase()->getLocStart();
3799 }
3800 
3801 SourceLocation DesignatedInitUpdateExpr::getLocEnd() const {
3802   return getBase()->getLocEnd();
3803 }
3804 
3805 ParenListExpr::ParenListExpr(const ASTContext& C, SourceLocation lparenloc,
3806                              ArrayRef<Expr*> exprs,
3807                              SourceLocation rparenloc)
3808   : Expr(ParenListExprClass, QualType(), VK_RValue, OK_Ordinary,
3809          false, false, false, false),
3810     NumExprs(exprs.size()), LParenLoc(lparenloc), RParenLoc(rparenloc) {
3811   Exprs = new (C) Stmt*[exprs.size()];
3812   for (unsigned i = 0; i != exprs.size(); ++i) {
3813     if (exprs[i]->isTypeDependent())
3814       ExprBits.TypeDependent = true;
3815     if (exprs[i]->isValueDependent())
3816       ExprBits.ValueDependent = true;
3817     if (exprs[i]->isInstantiationDependent())
3818       ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
3819     if (exprs[i]->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
3820       ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
3821 
3822     Exprs[i] = exprs[i];
3823   }
3824 }
3825 
3826 const OpaqueValueExpr *OpaqueValueExpr::findInCopyConstruct(const Expr *e) {
3827   if (const ExprWithCleanups *ewc = dyn_cast<ExprWithCleanups>(e))
3828     e = ewc->getSubExpr();
3829   if (const MaterializeTemporaryExpr *m = dyn_cast<MaterializeTemporaryExpr>(e))
3830     e = m->GetTemporaryExpr();
3831   e = cast<CXXConstructExpr>(e)->getArg(0);
3832   while (const ImplicitCastExpr *ice = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(e))
3833     e = ice->getSubExpr();
3834   return cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(e);
3835 }
3836 
3837 PseudoObjectExpr *PseudoObjectExpr::Create(const ASTContext &Context,
3838                                            EmptyShell sh,
3839                                            unsigned numSemanticExprs) {
3840   void *buffer = Context.Allocate(sizeof(PseudoObjectExpr) +
3841                                     (1 + numSemanticExprs) * sizeof(Expr*),
3842                                   llvm::alignOf<PseudoObjectExpr>());
3843   return new(buffer) PseudoObjectExpr(sh, numSemanticExprs);
3844 }
3845 
3846 PseudoObjectExpr::PseudoObjectExpr(EmptyShell shell, unsigned numSemanticExprs)
3847   : Expr(PseudoObjectExprClass, shell) {
3848   PseudoObjectExprBits.NumSubExprs = numSemanticExprs + 1;
3849 }
3850 
3851 PseudoObjectExpr *PseudoObjectExpr::Create(const ASTContext &C, Expr *syntax,
3852                                            ArrayRef<Expr*> semantics,
3853                                            unsigned resultIndex) {
3854   assert(syntax && "no syntactic expression!");
3855   assert(semantics.size() && "no semantic expressions!");
3856 
3857   QualType type;
3858   ExprValueKind VK;
3859   if (resultIndex == NoResult) {
3860     type = C.VoidTy;
3861     VK = VK_RValue;
3862   } else {
3863     assert(resultIndex < semantics.size());
3864     type = semantics[resultIndex]->getType();
3865     VK = semantics[resultIndex]->getValueKind();
3866     assert(semantics[resultIndex]->getObjectKind() == OK_Ordinary);
3867   }
3868 
3869   void *buffer = C.Allocate(sizeof(PseudoObjectExpr) +
3870                               (1 + semantics.size()) * sizeof(Expr*),
3871                             llvm::alignOf<PseudoObjectExpr>());
3872   return new(buffer) PseudoObjectExpr(type, VK, syntax, semantics,
3873                                       resultIndex);
3874 }
3875 
3876 PseudoObjectExpr::PseudoObjectExpr(QualType type, ExprValueKind VK,
3877                                    Expr *syntax, ArrayRef<Expr*> semantics,
3878                                    unsigned resultIndex)
3879   : Expr(PseudoObjectExprClass, type, VK, OK_Ordinary,
3880          /*filled in at end of ctor*/ false, false, false, false) {
3881   PseudoObjectExprBits.NumSubExprs = semantics.size() + 1;
3882   PseudoObjectExprBits.ResultIndex = resultIndex + 1;
3883 
3884   for (unsigned i = 0, e = semantics.size() + 1; i != e; ++i) {
3885     Expr *E = (i == 0 ? syntax : semantics[i-1]);
3886     getSubExprsBuffer()[i] = E;
3887 
3888     if (E->isTypeDependent())
3889       ExprBits.TypeDependent = true;
3890     if (E->isValueDependent())
3891       ExprBits.ValueDependent = true;
3892     if (E->isInstantiationDependent())
3893       ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
3894     if (E->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
3895       ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
3896 
3897     if (isa<OpaqueValueExpr>(E))
3898       assert(cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(E)->getSourceExpr() != nullptr &&
3899              "opaque-value semantic expressions for pseudo-object "
3900              "operations must have sources");
3901   }
3902 }
3903 
3904 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3905 //  Child Iterators for iterating over subexpressions/substatements
3906 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3907 
3908 // UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr
3909 Stmt::child_range UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr::children() {
3910   // If this is of a type and the type is a VLA type (and not a typedef), the
3911   // size expression of the VLA needs to be treated as an executable expression.
3912   // Why isn't this weirdness documented better in StmtIterator?
3913   if (isArgumentType()) {
3914     if (const VariableArrayType* T = dyn_cast<VariableArrayType>(
3915                                    getArgumentType().getTypePtr()))
3916       return child_range(child_iterator(T), child_iterator());
3917     return child_range(child_iterator(), child_iterator());
3918   }
3919   return child_range(&Argument.Ex, &Argument.Ex + 1);
3920 }
3921 
3922 AtomicExpr::AtomicExpr(SourceLocation BLoc, ArrayRef<Expr*> args,
3923                        QualType t, AtomicOp op, SourceLocation RP)
3924   : Expr(AtomicExprClass, t, VK_RValue, OK_Ordinary,
3925          false, false, false, false),
3926     NumSubExprs(args.size()), BuiltinLoc(BLoc), RParenLoc(RP), Op(op)
3927 {
3928   assert(args.size() == getNumSubExprs(op) && "wrong number of subexpressions");
3929   for (unsigned i = 0; i != args.size(); i++) {
3930     if (args[i]->isTypeDependent())
3931       ExprBits.TypeDependent = true;
3932     if (args[i]->isValueDependent())
3933       ExprBits.ValueDependent = true;
3934     if (args[i]->isInstantiationDependent())
3935       ExprBits.InstantiationDependent = true;
3936     if (args[i]->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
3937       ExprBits.ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
3938 
3939     SubExprs[i] = args[i];
3940   }
3941 }
3942 
3943 unsigned AtomicExpr::getNumSubExprs(AtomicOp Op) {
3944   switch (Op) {
3945   case AO__c11_atomic_init:
3946   case AO__c11_atomic_load:
3947   case AO__atomic_load_n:
3948     return 2;
3949 
3950   case AO__c11_atomic_store:
3951   case AO__c11_atomic_exchange:
3952   case AO__atomic_load:
3953   case AO__atomic_store:
3954   case AO__atomic_store_n:
3955   case AO__atomic_exchange_n:
3956   case AO__c11_atomic_fetch_add:
3957   case AO__c11_atomic_fetch_sub:
3958   case AO__c11_atomic_fetch_and:
3959   case AO__c11_atomic_fetch_or:
3960   case AO__c11_atomic_fetch_xor:
3961   case AO__atomic_fetch_add:
3962   case AO__atomic_fetch_sub:
3963   case AO__atomic_fetch_and:
3964   case AO__atomic_fetch_or:
3965   case AO__atomic_fetch_xor:
3966   case AO__atomic_fetch_nand:
3967   case AO__atomic_add_fetch:
3968   case AO__atomic_sub_fetch:
3969   case AO__atomic_and_fetch:
3970   case AO__atomic_or_fetch:
3971   case AO__atomic_xor_fetch:
3972   case AO__atomic_nand_fetch:
3973     return 3;
3974 
3975   case AO__atomic_exchange:
3976     return 4;
3977 
3978   case AO__c11_atomic_compare_exchange_strong:
3979   case AO__c11_atomic_compare_exchange_weak:
3980     return 5;
3981 
3982   case AO__atomic_compare_exchange:
3983   case AO__atomic_compare_exchange_n:
3984     return 6;
3985   }
3986   llvm_unreachable("unknown atomic op");
3987 }
3988 
3989 QualType OMPArraySectionExpr::getBaseOriginalType(Expr *Base) {
3990   unsigned ArraySectionCount = 0;
3991   while (auto *OASE = dyn_cast<OMPArraySectionExpr>(Base->IgnoreParens())) {
3992     Base = OASE->getBase();
3993     ++ArraySectionCount;
3994   }
3995   while (auto *ASE = dyn_cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(Base->IgnoreParens())) {
3996     Base = ASE->getBase();
3997     ++ArraySectionCount;
3998   }
3999   auto OriginalTy = Base->getType();
4000   if (auto *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(Base))
4001     if (auto *PVD = dyn_cast<ParmVarDecl>(DRE->getDecl()))
4002       OriginalTy = PVD->getOriginalType().getNonReferenceType();
4003 
4004   for (unsigned Cnt = 0; Cnt < ArraySectionCount; ++Cnt) {
4005     if (OriginalTy->isAnyPointerType())
4006       OriginalTy = OriginalTy->getPointeeType();
4007     else {
4008       assert (OriginalTy->isArrayType());
4009       OriginalTy = OriginalTy->castAsArrayTypeUnsafe()->getElementType();
4010     }
4011   }
4012   return OriginalTy;
4013 }
4014 
4015