101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers // SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1
201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #define _GNU_SOURCE
301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #include <assert.h>
401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #include <pthread.h>
501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #include <sched.h>
601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #include <stdint.h>
701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #include <stdio.h>
801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #include <stdlib.h>
901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #include <string.h>
1001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #include <stddef.h>
1101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
1207ad4f76SShuah Khan #include "../kselftest.h"
1301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers #include "rseq.h"
1401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
15cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers #ifdef BUILDOPT_RSEQ_PERCPU_MM_CID
16cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers # define RSEQ_PERCPU RSEQ_PERCPU_MM_CID
17cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers static
get_current_cpu_id(void)18cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers int get_current_cpu_id(void)
19cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers {
20cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers return rseq_current_mm_cid();
21cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers }
22cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers static
rseq_validate_cpu_id(void)23cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers bool rseq_validate_cpu_id(void)
24cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers {
25cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers return rseq_mm_cid_available();
26cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers }
27*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers static
rseq_use_cpu_index(void)28*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers bool rseq_use_cpu_index(void)
29*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers {
30*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers return false; /* Use mm_cid */
31*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers }
32cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers #else
33cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers # define RSEQ_PERCPU RSEQ_PERCPU_CPU_ID
34cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers static
get_current_cpu_id(void)35cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers int get_current_cpu_id(void)
36cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers {
37cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers return rseq_cpu_start();
38cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers }
39cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers static
rseq_validate_cpu_id(void)40cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers bool rseq_validate_cpu_id(void)
41cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers {
42cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers return rseq_current_cpu_raw() >= 0;
43cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers }
44*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers static
rseq_use_cpu_index(void)45*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers bool rseq_use_cpu_index(void)
46*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers {
47*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers return true; /* Use cpu_id as index. */
48*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers }
49cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers #endif
50cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers
5101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_lock_entry {
5201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers intptr_t v;
5301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers } __attribute__((aligned(128)));
5401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
5501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_lock {
5601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_lock_entry c[CPU_SETSIZE];
5701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers };
5801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
5901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct test_data_entry {
6001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers intptr_t count;
6101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers } __attribute__((aligned(128)));
6201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
6301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct spinlock_test_data {
6401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_lock lock;
6501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct test_data_entry c[CPU_SETSIZE];
6601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int reps;
6701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers };
6801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
6901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node {
7001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers intptr_t data;
7101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *next;
7201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers };
7301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
7401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_entry {
7501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *head;
7601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers } __attribute__((aligned(128)));
7701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
7801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list {
7901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_entry c[CPU_SETSIZE];
8001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers };
8101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
8201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /* A simple percpu spinlock. Returns the cpu lock was acquired on. */
rseq_this_cpu_lock(struct percpu_lock * lock)8301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int rseq_this_cpu_lock(struct percpu_lock *lock)
8401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
8501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int cpu;
8601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
8701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (;;) {
8801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int ret;
8901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
90cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers cpu = get_current_cpu_id();
91cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers ret = rseq_cmpeqv_storev(RSEQ_MO_RELAXED, RSEQ_PERCPU,
92cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers &lock->c[cpu].v, 0, 1, cpu);
9301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_likely(!ret))
9401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers break;
9501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /* Retry if comparison fails or rseq aborts. */
9601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
9701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /*
9801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * Acquire semantic when taking lock after control dependency.
9901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * Matches rseq_smp_store_release().
10001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers */
10101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers rseq_smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep();
10201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers return cpu;
10301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
10401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
rseq_percpu_unlock(struct percpu_lock * lock,int cpu)10501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers void rseq_percpu_unlock(struct percpu_lock *lock, int cpu)
10601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
10701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers assert(lock->c[cpu].v == 1);
10801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /*
10901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * Release lock, with release semantic. Matches
11001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * rseq_smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep().
11101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers */
11201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers rseq_smp_store_release(&lock->c[cpu].v, 0);
11301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
11401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
test_percpu_spinlock_thread(void * arg)11501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers void *test_percpu_spinlock_thread(void *arg)
11601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
11701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct spinlock_test_data *data = arg;
11801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int i, cpu;
11901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
12001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_register_current_thread()) {
12101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers fprintf(stderr, "Error: rseq_register_current_thread(...) failed(%d): %s\n",
12201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers errno, strerror(errno));
12301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers abort();
12401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
12501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (i = 0; i < data->reps; i++) {
12601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers cpu = rseq_this_cpu_lock(&data->lock);
12701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers data->c[cpu].count++;
12801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers rseq_percpu_unlock(&data->lock, cpu);
12901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
13001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_unregister_current_thread()) {
13101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers fprintf(stderr, "Error: rseq_unregister_current_thread(...) failed(%d): %s\n",
13201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers errno, strerror(errno));
13301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers abort();
13401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
13501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
13601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers return NULL;
13701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
13801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
13901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /*
14001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * A simple test which implements a sharded counter using a per-cpu
14101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * lock. Obviously real applications might prefer to simply use a
14201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * per-cpu increment; however, this is reasonable for a test and the
14301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * lock can be extended to synchronize more complicated operations.
14401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers */
test_percpu_spinlock(void)14501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers void test_percpu_spinlock(void)
14601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
14701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers const int num_threads = 200;
14801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int i;
14901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers uint64_t sum;
15001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers pthread_t test_threads[num_threads];
15101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct spinlock_test_data data;
15201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
15301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
15401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers data.reps = 5000;
15501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
15601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (i = 0; i < num_threads; i++)
15701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers pthread_create(&test_threads[i], NULL,
15801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers test_percpu_spinlock_thread, &data);
15901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
16001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (i = 0; i < num_threads; i++)
16101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers pthread_join(test_threads[i], NULL);
16201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
16301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers sum = 0;
16401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (i = 0; i < CPU_SETSIZE; i++)
16501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers sum += data.c[i].count;
16601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
16701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers assert(sum == (uint64_t)data.reps * num_threads);
16801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
16901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
this_cpu_list_push(struct percpu_list * list,struct percpu_list_node * node,int * _cpu)17001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers void this_cpu_list_push(struct percpu_list *list,
17101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *node,
17201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int *_cpu)
17301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
17401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int cpu;
17501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
17601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (;;) {
17701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers intptr_t *targetptr, newval, expect;
17801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int ret;
17901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
180cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers cpu = get_current_cpu_id();
18101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /* Load list->c[cpu].head with single-copy atomicity. */
18201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers expect = (intptr_t)RSEQ_READ_ONCE(list->c[cpu].head);
18301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers newval = (intptr_t)node;
18401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers targetptr = (intptr_t *)&list->c[cpu].head;
18501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers node->next = (struct percpu_list_node *)expect;
186cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers ret = rseq_cmpeqv_storev(RSEQ_MO_RELAXED, RSEQ_PERCPU,
187cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers targetptr, expect, newval, cpu);
18801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_likely(!ret))
18901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers break;
19001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /* Retry if comparison fails or rseq aborts. */
19101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
19201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (_cpu)
19301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers *_cpu = cpu;
19401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
19501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
19601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /*
19701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * Unlike a traditional lock-less linked list; the availability of a
19801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * rseq primitive allows us to implement pop without concerns over
19901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * ABA-type races.
20001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers */
this_cpu_list_pop(struct percpu_list * list,int * _cpu)20101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *this_cpu_list_pop(struct percpu_list *list,
20201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int *_cpu)
20301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
20401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (;;) {
20501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *head;
20601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers intptr_t *targetptr, expectnot, *load;
20726dc8a6dSMathieu Desnoyers long offset;
20801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int ret, cpu;
20901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
210cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers cpu = get_current_cpu_id();
21101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers targetptr = (intptr_t *)&list->c[cpu].head;
21201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers expectnot = (intptr_t)NULL;
21301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers offset = offsetof(struct percpu_list_node, next);
21401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers load = (intptr_t *)&head;
215cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers ret = rseq_cmpnev_storeoffp_load(RSEQ_MO_RELAXED, RSEQ_PERCPU,
216cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers targetptr, expectnot,
21701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers offset, load, cpu);
21801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_likely(!ret)) {
21901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (_cpu)
22001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers *_cpu = cpu;
22101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers return head;
22201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
22301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (ret > 0)
22401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers return NULL;
22501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /* Retry if rseq aborts. */
22601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
22701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
22801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
22901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /*
23001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * __percpu_list_pop is not safe against concurrent accesses. Should
23101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * only be used on lists that are not concurrently modified.
23201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers */
__percpu_list_pop(struct percpu_list * list,int cpu)23301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *__percpu_list_pop(struct percpu_list *list, int cpu)
23401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
23501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *node;
23601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
23701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers node = list->c[cpu].head;
23801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (!node)
23901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers return NULL;
24001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers list->c[cpu].head = node->next;
24101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers return node;
24201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
24301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
test_percpu_list_thread(void * arg)24401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers void *test_percpu_list_thread(void *arg)
24501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
24601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int i;
24701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list *list = (struct percpu_list *)arg;
24801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
24901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_register_current_thread()) {
25001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers fprintf(stderr, "Error: rseq_register_current_thread(...) failed(%d): %s\n",
25101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers errno, strerror(errno));
25201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers abort();
25301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
25401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
25501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
25601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *node;
25701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
25801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers node = this_cpu_list_pop(list, NULL);
25901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers sched_yield(); /* encourage shuffling */
26001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (node)
26101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers this_cpu_list_push(list, node, NULL);
26201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
26301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
26401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_unregister_current_thread()) {
26501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers fprintf(stderr, "Error: rseq_unregister_current_thread(...) failed(%d): %s\n",
26601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers errno, strerror(errno));
26701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers abort();
26801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
26901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
27001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers return NULL;
27101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
27201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
27301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /* Simultaneous modification to a per-cpu linked list from many threads. */
test_percpu_list(void)27401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers void test_percpu_list(void)
27501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
27601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int i, j;
27701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers uint64_t sum = 0, expected_sum = 0;
27801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list list;
27901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers pthread_t test_threads[200];
28001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers cpu_set_t allowed_cpus;
28101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
28201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers memset(&list, 0, sizeof(list));
28301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
28401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /* Generate list entries for every usable cpu. */
28501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers sched_getaffinity(0, sizeof(allowed_cpus), &allowed_cpus);
28601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (i = 0; i < CPU_SETSIZE; i++) {
287*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_use_cpu_index() && !CPU_ISSET(i, &allowed_cpus))
28801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers continue;
28901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (j = 1; j <= 100; j++) {
29001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *node;
29101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
29201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers expected_sum += j;
29301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
29401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers node = malloc(sizeof(*node));
29501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers assert(node);
29601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers node->data = j;
29701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers node->next = list.c[i].head;
29801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers list.c[i].head = node;
29901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
30001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
30101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
30201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (i = 0; i < 200; i++)
30301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers pthread_create(&test_threads[i], NULL,
30401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers test_percpu_list_thread, &list);
30501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
30601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (i = 0; i < 200; i++)
30701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers pthread_join(test_threads[i], NULL);
30801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
30901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers for (i = 0; i < CPU_SETSIZE; i++) {
31001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers struct percpu_list_node *node;
31101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
312*d53271c0SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_use_cpu_index() && !CPU_ISSET(i, &allowed_cpus))
31301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers continue;
31401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
31501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers while ((node = __percpu_list_pop(&list, i))) {
31601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers sum += node->data;
31701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers free(node);
31801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
31901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
32001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
32101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers /*
32201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * All entries should now be accounted for (unless some external
32301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * actor is interfering with our allowed affinity while this
32401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers * test is running).
32501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers */
32601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers assert(sum == expected_sum);
32701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
32801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
main(int argc,char ** argv)32901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers int main(int argc, char **argv)
33001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers {
33101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_register_current_thread()) {
33201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers fprintf(stderr, "Error: rseq_register_current_thread(...) failed(%d): %s\n",
33301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers errno, strerror(errno));
33401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers goto error;
33501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
336cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers if (!rseq_validate_cpu_id()) {
337cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers fprintf(stderr, "Error: cpu id getter unavailable\n");
338cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers goto error;
339cead7206SMathieu Desnoyers }
34001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers printf("spinlock\n");
34101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers test_percpu_spinlock();
34201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers printf("percpu_list\n");
34301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers test_percpu_list();
34401a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers if (rseq_unregister_current_thread()) {
34501a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers fprintf(stderr, "Error: rseq_unregister_current_thread(...) failed(%d): %s\n",
34601a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers errno, strerror(errno));
34701a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers goto error;
34801a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
34901a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers return 0;
35001a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers
35101a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers error:
35201a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers return -1;
35301a5ec42SMathieu Desnoyers }
354