xref: /linux-6.15/kernel/rcu/sync.c (revision cc44ca84)
1 /*
2  * RCU-based infrastructure for lightweight reader-writer locking
3  *
4  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7  * (at your option) any later version.
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15  * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
16  * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
17  *
18  * Copyright (c) 2015, Red Hat, Inc.
19  *
20  * Author: Oleg Nesterov <[email protected]>
21  */
22 
23 #include <linux/rcu_sync.h>
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
25 
26 enum { GP_IDLE = 0, GP_PENDING, GP_PASSED };
27 enum { CB_IDLE = 0, CB_PENDING, CB_REPLAY };
28 
29 #define	rss_lock	gp_wait.lock
30 
31 /**
32  * rcu_sync_init() - Initialize an rcu_sync structure
33  * @rsp: Pointer to rcu_sync structure to be initialized
34  * @type: Flavor of RCU with which to synchronize rcu_sync structure
35  */
36 void rcu_sync_init(struct rcu_sync *rsp, enum rcu_sync_type type)
37 {
38 	memset(rsp, 0, sizeof(*rsp));
39 	init_waitqueue_head(&rsp->gp_wait);
40 
41 	switch (type) {
42 	case RCU_SYNC:
43 		rsp->sync = synchronize_rcu;
44 		rsp->call = call_rcu;
45 		break;
46 
47 	case RCU_SCHED_SYNC:
48 		rsp->sync = synchronize_sched;
49 		rsp->call = call_rcu_sched;
50 		break;
51 
52 	case RCU_BH_SYNC:
53 		rsp->sync = synchronize_rcu_bh;
54 		rsp->call = call_rcu_bh;
55 		break;
56 	}
57 }
58 
59 /**
60  * rcu_sync_enter() - Force readers onto slowpath
61  * @rsp: Pointer to rcu_sync structure to use for synchronization
62  *
63  * This function is used by updaters who need readers to make use of
64  * a slowpath during the update.  After this function returns, all
65  * subsequent calls to rcu_sync_is_idle() will return false, which
66  * tells readers to stay off their fastpaths.  A later call to
67  * rcu_sync_exit() re-enables reader slowpaths.
68  *
69  * When called in isolation, rcu_sync_enter() must wait for a grace
70  * period, however, closely spaced calls to rcu_sync_enter() can
71  * optimize away the grace-period wait via a state machine implemented
72  * by rcu_sync_enter(), rcu_sync_exit(), and rcu_sync_func().
73  */
74 void rcu_sync_enter(struct rcu_sync *rsp)
75 {
76 	bool need_wait, need_sync;
77 
78 	spin_lock_irq(&rsp->rss_lock);
79 	need_wait = rsp->gp_count++;
80 	need_sync = rsp->gp_state == GP_IDLE;
81 	if (need_sync)
82 		rsp->gp_state = GP_PENDING;
83 	spin_unlock_irq(&rsp->rss_lock);
84 
85 	BUG_ON(need_wait && need_sync);
86 
87 	if (need_sync) {
88 		rsp->sync();
89 		rsp->gp_state = GP_PASSED;
90 		wake_up_all(&rsp->gp_wait);
91 	} else if (need_wait) {
92 		wait_event(rsp->gp_wait, rsp->gp_state == GP_PASSED);
93 	} else {
94 		/*
95 		 * Possible when there's a pending CB from a rcu_sync_exit().
96 		 * Nobody has yet been allowed the 'fast' path and thus we can
97 		 * avoid doing any sync(). The callback will get 'dropped'.
98 		 */
99 		BUG_ON(rsp->gp_state != GP_PASSED);
100 	}
101 }
102 
103 /**
104  * rcu_sync_func() - Callback function managing reader access to fastpath
105  * @rsp: Pointer to rcu_sync structure to use for synchronization
106  *
107  * This function is passed to one of the call_rcu() functions by
108  * rcu_sync_exit(), so that it is invoked after a grace period following the
109  * that invocation of rcu_sync_exit().  It takes action based on events that
110  * have taken place in the meantime, so that closely spaced rcu_sync_enter()
111  * and rcu_sync_exit() pairs need not wait for a grace period.
112  *
113  * If another rcu_sync_enter() is invoked before the grace period
114  * ended, reset state to allow the next rcu_sync_exit() to let the
115  * readers back onto their fastpaths (after a grace period).  If both
116  * another rcu_sync_enter() and its matching rcu_sync_exit() are invoked
117  * before the grace period ended, re-invoke call_rcu() on behalf of that
118  * rcu_sync_exit().  Otherwise, set all state back to idle so that readers
119  * can again use their fastpaths.
120  */
121 static void rcu_sync_func(struct rcu_head *rcu)
122 {
123 	struct rcu_sync *rsp = container_of(rcu, struct rcu_sync, cb_head);
124 	unsigned long flags;
125 
126 	BUG_ON(rsp->gp_state != GP_PASSED);
127 	BUG_ON(rsp->cb_state == CB_IDLE);
128 
129 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rsp->rss_lock, flags);
130 	if (rsp->gp_count) {
131 		/*
132 		 * A new rcu_sync_begin() has happened; drop the callback.
133 		 */
134 		rsp->cb_state = CB_IDLE;
135 	} else if (rsp->cb_state == CB_REPLAY) {
136 		/*
137 		 * A new rcu_sync_exit() has happened; requeue the callback
138 		 * to catch a later GP.
139 		 */
140 		rsp->cb_state = CB_PENDING;
141 		rsp->call(&rsp->cb_head, rcu_sync_func);
142 	} else {
143 		/*
144 		 * We're at least a GP after rcu_sync_exit(); eveybody will now
145 		 * have observed the write side critical section. Let 'em rip!.
146 		 */
147 		rsp->cb_state = CB_IDLE;
148 		rsp->gp_state = GP_IDLE;
149 	}
150 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rsp->rss_lock, flags);
151 }
152 
153 /**
154  * rcu_sync_exit() - Allow readers back onto fast patch after grace period
155  * @rsp: Pointer to rcu_sync structure to use for synchronization
156  *
157  * This function is used by updaters who have completed, and can therefore
158  * now allow readers to make use of their fastpaths after a grace period
159  * has elapsed.  After this grace period has completed, all subsequent
160  * calls to rcu_sync_is_idle() will return true, which tells readers that
161  * they can once again use their fastpaths.
162  */
163 void rcu_sync_exit(struct rcu_sync *rsp)
164 {
165 	spin_lock_irq(&rsp->rss_lock);
166 	if (!--rsp->gp_count) {
167 		if (rsp->cb_state == CB_IDLE) {
168 			rsp->cb_state = CB_PENDING;
169 			rsp->call(&rsp->cb_head, rcu_sync_func);
170 		} else if (rsp->cb_state == CB_PENDING) {
171 			rsp->cb_state = CB_REPLAY;
172 		}
173 	}
174 	spin_unlock_irq(&rsp->rss_lock);
175 }
176