xref: /linux-6.15/include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h (revision 63b2d417)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note */
2 /*
3  *  include/linux/userfaultfd.h
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 2007  Davide Libenzi <[email protected]>
6  *  Copyright (C) 2015  Red Hat, Inc.
7  *
8  */
9 
10 #ifndef _LINUX_USERFAULTFD_H
11 #define _LINUX_USERFAULTFD_H
12 
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14 
15 /*
16  * If the UFFDIO_API is upgraded someday, the UFFDIO_UNREGISTER and
17  * UFFDIO_WAKE ioctls should be defined as _IOW and not as _IOR.  In
18  * userfaultfd.h we assumed the kernel was reading (instead _IOC_READ
19  * means the userland is reading).
20  */
21 #define UFFD_API ((__u64)0xAA)
22 #define UFFD_API_FEATURES (UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK |		\
23 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMAP |		\
24 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMOVE |	\
25 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_UNMAP |		\
26 			   UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS |	\
27 			   UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_SHMEM |		\
28 			   UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS |		\
29 			   UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID)
30 #define UFFD_API_IOCTLS				\
31 	((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_REGISTER |		\
32 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_UNREGISTER |	\
33 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_API)
34 #define UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS			\
35 	((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WAKE |		\
36 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_COPY |		\
37 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE)
38 #define UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS_BASIC		\
39 	((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WAKE |		\
40 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_COPY)
41 
42 /*
43  * Valid ioctl command number range with this API is from 0x00 to
44  * 0x3F.  UFFDIO_API is the fixed number, everything else can be
45  * changed by implementing a different UFFD_API. If sticking to the
46  * same UFFD_API more ioctl can be added and userland will be aware of
47  * which ioctl the running kernel implements through the ioctl command
48  * bitmask written by the UFFDIO_API.
49  */
50 #define _UFFDIO_REGISTER		(0x00)
51 #define _UFFDIO_UNREGISTER		(0x01)
52 #define _UFFDIO_WAKE			(0x02)
53 #define _UFFDIO_COPY			(0x03)
54 #define _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE		(0x04)
55 #define _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT		(0x06)
56 #define _UFFDIO_API			(0x3F)
57 
58 /* userfaultfd ioctl ids */
59 #define UFFDIO 0xAA
60 #define UFFDIO_API		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_API,	\
61 				      struct uffdio_api)
62 #define UFFDIO_REGISTER		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_REGISTER, \
63 				      struct uffdio_register)
64 #define UFFDIO_UNREGISTER	_IOR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_UNREGISTER,	\
65 				     struct uffdio_range)
66 #define UFFDIO_WAKE		_IOR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_WAKE,	\
67 				     struct uffdio_range)
68 #define UFFDIO_COPY		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_COPY,	\
69 				      struct uffdio_copy)
70 #define UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE,	\
71 				      struct uffdio_zeropage)
72 #define UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT	_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT, \
73 				      struct uffdio_writeprotect)
74 
75 /* read() structure */
76 struct uffd_msg {
77 	__u8	event;
78 
79 	__u8	reserved1;
80 	__u16	reserved2;
81 	__u32	reserved3;
82 
83 	union {
84 		struct {
85 			__u64	flags;
86 			__u64	address;
87 			union {
88 				__u32 ptid;
89 			} feat;
90 		} pagefault;
91 
92 		struct {
93 			__u32	ufd;
94 		} fork;
95 
96 		struct {
97 			__u64	from;
98 			__u64	to;
99 			__u64	len;
100 		} remap;
101 
102 		struct {
103 			__u64	start;
104 			__u64	end;
105 		} remove;
106 
107 		struct {
108 			/* unused reserved fields */
109 			__u64	reserved1;
110 			__u64	reserved2;
111 			__u64	reserved3;
112 		} reserved;
113 	} arg;
114 } __packed;
115 
116 /*
117  * Start at 0x12 and not at 0 to be more strict against bugs.
118  */
119 #define UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT	0x12
120 #define UFFD_EVENT_FORK		0x13
121 #define UFFD_EVENT_REMAP	0x14
122 #define UFFD_EVENT_REMOVE	0x15
123 #define UFFD_EVENT_UNMAP	0x16
124 
125 /* flags for UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT */
126 #define UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE	(1<<0)	/* If this was a write fault */
127 #define UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP		(1<<1)	/* If reason is VM_UFFD_WP */
128 
129 struct uffdio_api {
130 	/* userland asks for an API number and the features to enable */
131 	__u64 api;
132 	/*
133 	 * Kernel answers below with the all available features for
134 	 * the API, this notifies userland of which events and/or
135 	 * which flags for each event are enabled in the current
136 	 * kernel.
137 	 *
138 	 * Note: UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT and UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE
139 	 * are to be considered implicitly always enabled in all kernels as
140 	 * long as the uffdio_api.api requested matches UFFD_API.
141 	 *
142 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS means an UFFDIO_REGISTER
143 	 * with UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING mode will succeed on
144 	 * hugetlbfs virtual memory ranges. Adding or not adding
145 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS to uffdio_api.features has
146 	 * no real functional effect after UFFDIO_API returns, but
147 	 * it's only useful for an initial feature set probe at
148 	 * UFFDIO_API time. There are two ways to use it:
149 	 *
150 	 * 1) by adding UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS to the
151 	 *    uffdio_api.features before calling UFFDIO_API, an error
152 	 *    will be returned by UFFDIO_API on a kernel without
153 	 *    hugetlbfs missing support
154 	 *
155 	 * 2) the UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS can not be added in
156 	 *    uffdio_api.features and instead it will be set by the
157 	 *    kernel in the uffdio_api.features if the kernel supports
158 	 *    it, so userland can later check if the feature flag is
159 	 *    present in uffdio_api.features after UFFDIO_API
160 	 *    succeeded.
161 	 *
162 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_SHMEM works the same as
163 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS, but it applies to shmem
164 	 * (i.e. tmpfs and other shmem based APIs).
165 	 *
166 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS feature means no page-fault
167 	 * (UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT) event will be delivered, instead
168 	 * a SIGBUS signal will be sent to the faulting process.
169 	 *
170 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID pid of the page faulted task_struct will
171 	 * be returned, if feature is not requested 0 will be returned.
172 	 */
173 #define UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP		(1<<0)
174 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK			(1<<1)
175 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMAP		(1<<2)
176 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMOVE		(1<<3)
177 #define UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_HUGETLBFS		(1<<4)
178 #define UFFD_FEATURE_MISSING_SHMEM		(1<<5)
179 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_UNMAP		(1<<6)
180 #define UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS			(1<<7)
181 #define UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID			(1<<8)
182 	__u64 features;
183 
184 	__u64 ioctls;
185 };
186 
187 struct uffdio_range {
188 	__u64 start;
189 	__u64 len;
190 };
191 
192 struct uffdio_register {
193 	struct uffdio_range range;
194 #define UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING	((__u64)1<<0)
195 #define UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP		((__u64)1<<1)
196 	__u64 mode;
197 
198 	/*
199 	 * kernel answers which ioctl commands are available for the
200 	 * range, keep at the end as the last 8 bytes aren't read.
201 	 */
202 	__u64 ioctls;
203 };
204 
205 struct uffdio_copy {
206 	__u64 dst;
207 	__u64 src;
208 	__u64 len;
209 #define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE		((__u64)1<<0)
210 	/*
211 	 * UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP will map the page write protected on
212 	 * the fly.  UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP is available only if the
213 	 * write protected ioctl is implemented for the range
214 	 * according to the uffdio_register.ioctls.
215 	 */
216 #define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP			((__u64)1<<1)
217 	__u64 mode;
218 
219 	/*
220 	 * "copy" is written by the ioctl and must be at the end: the
221 	 * copy_from_user will not read the last 8 bytes.
222 	 */
223 	__s64 copy;
224 };
225 
226 struct uffdio_zeropage {
227 	struct uffdio_range range;
228 #define UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE_MODE_DONTWAKE		((__u64)1<<0)
229 	__u64 mode;
230 
231 	/*
232 	 * "zeropage" is written by the ioctl and must be at the end:
233 	 * the copy_from_user will not read the last 8 bytes.
234 	 */
235 	__s64 zeropage;
236 };
237 
238 struct uffdio_writeprotect {
239 	struct uffdio_range range;
240 /*
241  * UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP: set the flag to write protect a range,
242  * unset the flag to undo protection of a range which was previously
243  * write protected.
244  *
245  * UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE: set the flag to avoid waking up
246  * any wait thread after the operation succeeds.
247  *
248  * NOTE: Write protecting a region (WP=1) is unrelated to page faults,
249  * therefore DONTWAKE flag is meaningless with WP=1.  Removing write
250  * protection (WP=0) in response to a page fault wakes the faulting
251  * task unless DONTWAKE is set.
252  */
253 #define UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP		((__u64)1<<0)
254 #define UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE	((__u64)1<<1)
255 	__u64 mode;
256 };
257 
258 #endif /* _LINUX_USERFAULTFD_H */
259