xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/workqueue.h (revision 0f5f5bcd)

/*
 * workqueue.h --- work queue handling for Linux.
 */

#ifndef _LINUX_WORKQUEUE_H
#define _LINUX_WORKQUEUE_H

#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/lockdep.h>
#include <linux/threads.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/cpumask.h>

struct workqueue_struct;

struct work_struct;
typedef void (*work_func_t)(struct work_struct *work);
void delayed_work_timer_fn(unsigned long __data);

/*
 * The first word is the work queue pointer and the flags rolled into
 * one
 */
#define work_data_bits(work) ((unsigned long *)(&(work)->data))

enum {
	WORK_STRUCT_PENDING_BIT	= 0,	/* work item is pending execution */
	WORK_STRUCT_DELAYED_BIT	= 1,	/* work item is delayed */
	WORK_STRUCT_PWQ_BIT	= 2,	/* data points to pwq */
	WORK_STRUCT_LINKED_BIT	= 3,	/* next work is linked to this one */
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_WORK
	WORK_STRUCT_STATIC_BIT	= 4,	/* static initializer (debugobjects) */
	WORK_STRUCT_COLOR_SHIFT	= 5,	/* color for workqueue flushing */
#else
	WORK_STRUCT_COLOR_SHIFT	= 4,	/* color for workqueue flushing */
#endif

	WORK_STRUCT_COLOR_BITS	= 4,

	WORK_STRUCT_PENDING	= 1 << WORK_STRUCT_PENDING_BIT,
	WORK_STRUCT_DELAYED	= 1 << WORK_STRUCT_DELAYED_BIT,
	WORK_STRUCT_PWQ		= 1 << WORK_STRUCT_PWQ_BIT,
	WORK_STRUCT_LINKED	= 1 << WORK_STRUCT_LINKED_BIT,
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_WORK
	WORK_STRUCT_STATIC	= 1 << WORK_STRUCT_STATIC_BIT,
#else
	WORK_STRUCT_STATIC	= 0,
#endif

	/*
	 * The last color is no color used for works which don't
	 * participate in workqueue flushing.
	 */
	WORK_NR_COLORS		= (1 << WORK_STRUCT_COLOR_BITS) - 1,
	WORK_NO_COLOR		= WORK_NR_COLORS,

	/* not bound to any CPU, prefer the local CPU */
	WORK_CPU_UNBOUND	= NR_CPUS,

	/*
	 * Reserve 7 bits off of pwq pointer w/ debugobjects turned off.
	 * This makes pwqs aligned to 256 bytes and allows 15 workqueue
	 * flush colors.
	 */
	WORK_STRUCT_FLAG_BITS	= WORK_STRUCT_COLOR_SHIFT +
				  WORK_STRUCT_COLOR_BITS,

	/* data contains off-queue information when !WORK_STRUCT_PWQ */
	WORK_OFFQ_FLAG_BASE	= WORK_STRUCT_COLOR_SHIFT,

	WORK_OFFQ_CANCELING	= (1 << WORK_OFFQ_FLAG_BASE),

	/*
	 * When a work item is off queue, its high bits point to the last
	 * pool it was on.  Cap at 31 bits and use the highest number to
	 * indicate that no pool is associated.
	 */
	WORK_OFFQ_FLAG_BITS	= 1,
	WORK_OFFQ_POOL_SHIFT	= WORK_OFFQ_FLAG_BASE + WORK_OFFQ_FLAG_BITS,
	WORK_OFFQ_LEFT		= BITS_PER_LONG - WORK_OFFQ_POOL_SHIFT,
	WORK_OFFQ_POOL_BITS	= WORK_OFFQ_LEFT <= 31 ? WORK_OFFQ_LEFT : 31,
	WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE	= (1LU << WORK_OFFQ_POOL_BITS) - 1,

	/* convenience constants */
	WORK_STRUCT_FLAG_MASK	= (1UL << WORK_STRUCT_FLAG_BITS) - 1,
	WORK_STRUCT_WQ_DATA_MASK = ~WORK_STRUCT_FLAG_MASK,
	WORK_STRUCT_NO_POOL	= (unsigned long)WORK_OFFQ_POOL_NONE << WORK_OFFQ_POOL_SHIFT,

	/* bit mask for work_busy() return values */
	WORK_BUSY_PENDING	= 1 << 0,
	WORK_BUSY_RUNNING	= 1 << 1,

	/* maximum string length for set_worker_desc() */
	WORKER_DESC_LEN		= 24,
};

struct work_struct {
	atomic_long_t data;
	struct list_head entry;
	work_func_t func;
#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
	struct lockdep_map lockdep_map;
#endif
};

#define WORK_DATA_INIT()	ATOMIC_LONG_INIT(WORK_STRUCT_NO_POOL)
#define WORK_DATA_STATIC_INIT()	\
	ATOMIC_LONG_INIT(WORK_STRUCT_NO_POOL | WORK_STRUCT_STATIC)

struct delayed_work {
	struct work_struct work;
	struct timer_list timer;

	/* target workqueue and CPU ->timer uses to queue ->work */
	struct workqueue_struct *wq;
	int cpu;
};

/*
 * A struct for workqueue attributes.  This can be used to change
 * attributes of an unbound workqueue.
 *
 * Unlike other fields, ->no_numa isn't a property of a worker_pool.  It
 * only modifies how apply_workqueue_attrs() select pools and thus doesn't
 * participate in pool hash calculations or equality comparisons.
 */
struct workqueue_attrs {
	int			nice;		/* nice level */
	cpumask_var_t		cpumask;	/* allowed CPUs */
	bool			no_numa;	/* disable NUMA affinity */
};

static inline struct delayed_work *to_delayed_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	return container_of(work, struct delayed_work, work);
}

struct execute_work {
	struct work_struct work;
};

#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
/*
 * NB: because we have to copy the lockdep_map, setting _key
 * here is required, otherwise it could get initialised to the
 * copy of the lockdep_map!
 */
#define __WORK_INIT_LOCKDEP_MAP(n, k) \
	.lockdep_map = STATIC_LOCKDEP_MAP_INIT(n, k),
#else
#define __WORK_INIT_LOCKDEP_MAP(n, k)
#endif

#define __WORK_INITIALIZER(n, f) {					\
	.data = WORK_DATA_STATIC_INIT(),				\
	.entry	= { &(n).entry, &(n).entry },				\
	.func = (f),							\
	__WORK_INIT_LOCKDEP_MAP(#n, &(n))				\
	}

#define __DELAYED_WORK_INITIALIZER(n, f, tflags) {			\
	.work = __WORK_INITIALIZER((n).work, (f)),			\
	.timer = __TIMER_INITIALIZER(delayed_work_timer_fn,		\
				     0, (unsigned long)&(n),		\
				     (tflags) | TIMER_IRQSAFE),		\
	}

#define DECLARE_WORK(n, f)						\
	struct work_struct n = __WORK_INITIALIZER(n, f)

#define DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(n, f)					\
	struct delayed_work n = __DELAYED_WORK_INITIALIZER(n, f, 0)

#define DECLARE_DEFERRABLE_WORK(n, f)					\
	struct delayed_work n = __DELAYED_WORK_INITIALIZER(n, f, TIMER_DEFERRABLE)

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_WORK
extern void __init_work(struct work_struct *work, int onstack);
extern void destroy_work_on_stack(struct work_struct *work);
extern void destroy_delayed_work_on_stack(struct delayed_work *work);
static inline unsigned int work_static(struct work_struct *work)
{
	return *work_data_bits(work) & WORK_STRUCT_STATIC;
}
#else
static inline void __init_work(struct work_struct *work, int onstack) { }
static inline void destroy_work_on_stack(struct work_struct *work) { }
static inline void destroy_delayed_work_on_stack(struct delayed_work *work) { }
static inline unsigned int work_static(struct work_struct *work) { return 0; }
#endif

/*
 * initialize all of a work item in one go
 *
 * NOTE! No point in using "atomic_long_set()": using a direct
 * assignment of the work data initializer allows the compiler
 * to generate better code.
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
#define __INIT_WORK(_work, _func, _onstack)				\
	do {								\
		static struct lock_class_key __key;			\
									\
		__init_work((_work), _onstack);				\
		(_work)->data = (atomic_long_t) WORK_DATA_INIT();	\
		lockdep_init_map(&(_work)->lockdep_map, #_work, &__key, 0); \
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&(_work)->entry);			\
		(_work)->func = (_func);				\
	} while (0)
#else
#define __INIT_WORK(_work, _func, _onstack)				\
	do {								\
		__init_work((_work), _onstack);				\
		(_work)->data = (atomic_long_t) WORK_DATA_INIT();	\
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&(_work)->entry);			\
		(_work)->func = (_func);				\
	} while (0)
#endif

#define INIT_WORK(_work, _func)						\
	do {								\
		__INIT_WORK((_work), (_func), 0);			\
	} while (0)

#define INIT_WORK_ONSTACK(_work, _func)					\
	do {								\
		__INIT_WORK((_work), (_func), 1);			\
	} while (0)

#define __INIT_DELAYED_WORK(_work, _func, _tflags)			\
	do {								\
		INIT_WORK(&(_work)->work, (_func));			\
		__setup_timer(&(_work)->timer, delayed_work_timer_fn,	\
			      (unsigned long)(_work),			\
			      (_tflags) | TIMER_IRQSAFE);		\
	} while (0)

#define __INIT_DELAYED_WORK_ONSTACK(_work, _func, _tflags)		\
	do {								\
		INIT_WORK_ONSTACK(&(_work)->work, (_func));		\
		__setup_timer_on_stack(&(_work)->timer,			\
				       delayed_work_timer_fn,		\
				       (unsigned long)(_work),		\
				       (_tflags) | TIMER_IRQSAFE);	\
	} while (0)

#define INIT_DELAYED_WORK(_work, _func)					\
	__INIT_DELAYED_WORK(_work, _func, 0)

#define INIT_DELAYED_WORK_ONSTACK(_work, _func)				\
	__INIT_DELAYED_WORK_ONSTACK(_work, _func, 0)

#define INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(_work, _func)				\
	__INIT_DELAYED_WORK(_work, _func, TIMER_DEFERRABLE)

#define INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK_ONSTACK(_work, _func)			\
	__INIT_DELAYED_WORK_ONSTACK(_work, _func, TIMER_DEFERRABLE)

/**
 * work_pending - Find out whether a work item is currently pending
 * @work: The work item in question
 */
#define work_pending(work) \
	test_bit(WORK_STRUCT_PENDING_BIT, work_data_bits(work))

/**
 * delayed_work_pending - Find out whether a delayable work item is currently
 * pending
 * @work: The work item in question
 */
#define delayed_work_pending(w) \
	work_pending(&(w)->work)

/*
 * Workqueue flags and constants.  For details, please refer to
 * Documentation/workqueue.txt.
 */
enum {
	WQ_UNBOUND		= 1 << 1, /* not bound to any cpu */
	WQ_FREEZABLE		= 1 << 2, /* freeze during suspend */
	WQ_MEM_RECLAIM		= 1 << 3, /* may be used for memory reclaim */
	WQ_HIGHPRI		= 1 << 4, /* high priority */
	WQ_CPU_INTENSIVE	= 1 << 5, /* cpu intensive workqueue */
	WQ_SYSFS		= 1 << 6, /* visible in sysfs, see wq_sysfs_register() */

	/*
	 * Per-cpu workqueues are generally preferred because they tend to
	 * show better performance thanks to cache locality.  Per-cpu
	 * workqueues exclude the scheduler from choosing the CPU to
	 * execute the worker threads, which has an unfortunate side effect
	 * of increasing power consumption.
	 *
	 * The scheduler considers a CPU idle if it doesn't have any task
	 * to execute and tries to keep idle cores idle to conserve power;
	 * however, for example, a per-cpu work item scheduled from an
	 * interrupt handler on an idle CPU will force the scheduler to
	 * excute the work item on that CPU breaking the idleness, which in
	 * turn may lead to more scheduling choices which are sub-optimal
	 * in terms of power consumption.
	 *
	 * Workqueues marked with WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT are per-cpu by default
	 * but become unbound if workqueue.power_efficient kernel param is
	 * specified.  Per-cpu workqueues which are identified to
	 * contribute significantly to power-consumption are identified and
	 * marked with this flag and enabling the power_efficient mode
	 * leads to noticeable power saving at the cost of small
	 * performance disadvantage.
	 *
	 * http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1480396
	 */
	WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT	= 1 << 7,

	__WQ_DRAINING		= 1 << 16, /* internal: workqueue is draining */
	__WQ_ORDERED		= 1 << 17, /* internal: workqueue is ordered */

	WQ_MAX_ACTIVE		= 512,	  /* I like 512, better ideas? */
	WQ_MAX_UNBOUND_PER_CPU	= 4,	  /* 4 * #cpus for unbound wq */
	WQ_DFL_ACTIVE		= WQ_MAX_ACTIVE / 2,
};

/* unbound wq's aren't per-cpu, scale max_active according to #cpus */
#define WQ_UNBOUND_MAX_ACTIVE	\
	max_t(int, WQ_MAX_ACTIVE, num_possible_cpus() * WQ_MAX_UNBOUND_PER_CPU)

/*
 * System-wide workqueues which are always present.
 *
 * system_wq is the one used by schedule[_delayed]_work[_on]().
 * Multi-CPU multi-threaded.  There are users which expect relatively
 * short queue flush time.  Don't queue works which can run for too
 * long.
 *
 * system_highpri_wq is similar to system_wq but for work items which
 * require WQ_HIGHPRI.
 *
 * system_long_wq is similar to system_wq but may host long running
 * works.  Queue flushing might take relatively long.
 *
 * system_unbound_wq is unbound workqueue.  Workers are not bound to
 * any specific CPU, not concurrency managed, and all queued works are
 * executed immediately as long as max_active limit is not reached and
 * resources are available.
 *
 * system_freezable_wq is equivalent to system_wq except that it's
 * freezable.
 *
 * *_power_efficient_wq are inclined towards saving power and converted
 * into WQ_UNBOUND variants if 'wq_power_efficient' is enabled; otherwise,
 * they are same as their non-power-efficient counterparts - e.g.
 * system_power_efficient_wq is identical to system_wq if
 * 'wq_power_efficient' is disabled.  See WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT for more info.
 */
extern struct workqueue_struct *system_wq;
extern struct workqueue_struct *system_highpri_wq;
extern struct workqueue_struct *system_long_wq;
extern struct workqueue_struct *system_unbound_wq;
extern struct workqueue_struct *system_freezable_wq;
extern struct workqueue_struct *system_power_efficient_wq;
extern struct workqueue_struct *system_freezable_power_efficient_wq;

extern struct workqueue_struct *
__alloc_workqueue_key(const char *fmt, unsigned int flags, int max_active,
	struct lock_class_key *key, const char *lock_name, ...) __printf(1, 6);

/**
 * alloc_workqueue - allocate a workqueue
 * @fmt: printf format for the name of the workqueue
 * @flags: WQ_* flags
 * @max_active: max in-flight work items, 0 for default
 * @args: args for @fmt
 *
 * Allocate a workqueue with the specified parameters.  For detailed
 * information on WQ_* flags, please refer to Documentation/workqueue.txt.
 *
 * The __lock_name macro dance is to guarantee that single lock_class_key
 * doesn't end up with different namesm, which isn't allowed by lockdep.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * Pointer to the allocated workqueue on success, %NULL on failure.
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
#define alloc_workqueue(fmt, flags, max_active, args...)		\
({									\
	static struct lock_class_key __key;				\
	const char *__lock_name;					\
									\
	__lock_name = #fmt#args;					\
									\
	__alloc_workqueue_key((fmt), (flags), (max_active),		\
			      &__key, __lock_name, ##args);		\
})
#else
#define alloc_workqueue(fmt, flags, max_active, args...)		\
	__alloc_workqueue_key((fmt), (flags), (max_active),		\
			      NULL, NULL, ##args)
#endif

/**
 * alloc_ordered_workqueue - allocate an ordered workqueue
 * @fmt: printf format for the name of the workqueue
 * @flags: WQ_* flags (only WQ_FREEZABLE and WQ_MEM_RECLAIM are meaningful)
 * @args: args for @fmt
 *
 * Allocate an ordered workqueue.  An ordered workqueue executes at
 * most one work item at any given time in the queued order.  They are
 * implemented as unbound workqueues with @max_active of one.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * Pointer to the allocated workqueue on success, %NULL on failure.
 */
#define alloc_ordered_workqueue(fmt, flags, args...)			\
	alloc_workqueue(fmt, WQ_UNBOUND | __WQ_ORDERED | (flags), 1, ##args)

#define create_workqueue(name)						\
	alloc_workqueue("%s", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 1, (name))
#define create_freezable_workqueue(name)				\
	alloc_workqueue("%s", WQ_FREEZABLE | WQ_UNBOUND | WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, \
			1, (name))
#define create_singlethread_workqueue(name)				\
	alloc_workqueue("%s", WQ_UNBOUND | WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 1, (name))

extern void destroy_workqueue(struct workqueue_struct *wq);

struct workqueue_attrs *alloc_workqueue_attrs(gfp_t gfp_mask);
void free_workqueue_attrs(struct workqueue_attrs *attrs);
int apply_workqueue_attrs(struct workqueue_struct *wq,
			  const struct workqueue_attrs *attrs);

extern bool queue_work_on(int cpu, struct workqueue_struct *wq,
			struct work_struct *work);
extern bool queue_delayed_work_on(int cpu, struct workqueue_struct *wq,
			struct delayed_work *work, unsigned long delay);
extern bool mod_delayed_work_on(int cpu, struct workqueue_struct *wq,
			struct delayed_work *dwork, unsigned long delay);

extern void flush_workqueue(struct workqueue_struct *wq);
extern void drain_workqueue(struct workqueue_struct *wq);
extern void flush_scheduled_work(void);

extern int schedule_on_each_cpu(work_func_t func);

int execute_in_process_context(work_func_t fn, struct execute_work *);

extern bool flush_work(struct work_struct *work);
extern bool cancel_work_sync(struct work_struct *work);

extern bool flush_delayed_work(struct delayed_work *dwork);
extern bool cancel_delayed_work(struct delayed_work *dwork);
extern bool cancel_delayed_work_sync(struct delayed_work *dwork);

extern void workqueue_set_max_active(struct workqueue_struct *wq,
				     int max_active);
extern bool current_is_workqueue_rescuer(void);
extern bool workqueue_congested(int cpu, struct workqueue_struct *wq);
extern unsigned int work_busy(struct work_struct *work);
extern __printf(1, 2) void set_worker_desc(const char *fmt, ...);
extern void print_worker_info(const char *log_lvl, struct task_struct *task);

/**
 * queue_work - queue work on a workqueue
 * @wq: workqueue to use
 * @work: work to queue
 *
 * Returns %false if @work was already on a queue, %true otherwise.
 *
 * We queue the work to the CPU on which it was submitted, but if the CPU dies
 * it can be processed by another CPU.
 */
static inline bool queue_work(struct workqueue_struct *wq,
			      struct work_struct *work)
{
	return queue_work_on(WORK_CPU_UNBOUND, wq, work);
}

/**
 * queue_delayed_work - queue work on a workqueue after delay
 * @wq: workqueue to use
 * @dwork: delayable work to queue
 * @delay: number of jiffies to wait before queueing
 *
 * Equivalent to queue_delayed_work_on() but tries to use the local CPU.
 */
static inline bool queue_delayed_work(struct workqueue_struct *wq,
				      struct delayed_work *dwork,
				      unsigned long delay)
{
	return queue_delayed_work_on(WORK_CPU_UNBOUND, wq, dwork, delay);
}

/**
 * mod_delayed_work - modify delay of or queue a delayed work
 * @wq: workqueue to use
 * @dwork: work to queue
 * @delay: number of jiffies to wait before queueing
 *
 * mod_delayed_work_on() on local CPU.
 */
static inline bool mod_delayed_work(struct workqueue_struct *wq,
				    struct delayed_work *dwork,
				    unsigned long delay)
{
	return mod_delayed_work_on(WORK_CPU_UNBOUND, wq, dwork, delay);
}

/**
 * schedule_work_on - put work task on a specific cpu
 * @cpu: cpu to put the work task on
 * @work: job to be done
 *
 * This puts a job on a specific cpu
 */
static inline bool schedule_work_on(int cpu, struct work_struct *work)
{
	return queue_work_on(cpu, system_wq, work);
}

/**
 * schedule_work - put work task in global workqueue
 * @work: job to be done
 *
 * Returns %false if @work was already on the kernel-global workqueue and
 * %true otherwise.
 *
 * This puts a job in the kernel-global workqueue if it was not already
 * queued and leaves it in the same position on the kernel-global
 * workqueue otherwise.
 */
static inline bool schedule_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	return queue_work(system_wq, work);
}

/**
 * schedule_delayed_work_on - queue work in global workqueue on CPU after delay
 * @cpu: cpu to use
 * @dwork: job to be done
 * @delay: number of jiffies to wait
 *
 * After waiting for a given time this puts a job in the kernel-global
 * workqueue on the specified CPU.
 */
static inline bool schedule_delayed_work_on(int cpu, struct delayed_work *dwork,
					    unsigned long delay)
{
	return queue_delayed_work_on(cpu, system_wq, dwork, delay);
}

/**
 * schedule_delayed_work - put work task in global workqueue after delay
 * @dwork: job to be done
 * @delay: number of jiffies to wait or 0 for immediate execution
 *
 * After waiting for a given time this puts a job in the kernel-global
 * workqueue.
 */
static inline bool schedule_delayed_work(struct delayed_work *dwork,
					 unsigned long delay)
{
	return queue_delayed_work(system_wq, dwork, delay);
}

/**
 * keventd_up - is workqueue initialized yet?
 */
static inline bool keventd_up(void)
{
	return system_wq != NULL;
}

#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
static inline long work_on_cpu(int cpu, long (*fn)(void *), void *arg)
{
	return fn(arg);
}
#else
long work_on_cpu(int cpu, long (*fn)(void *), void *arg);
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */

#ifdef CONFIG_FREEZER
extern void freeze_workqueues_begin(void);
extern bool freeze_workqueues_busy(void);
extern void thaw_workqueues(void);
#endif /* CONFIG_FREEZER */

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
int workqueue_sysfs_register(struct workqueue_struct *wq);
#else	/* CONFIG_SYSFS */
static inline int workqueue_sysfs_register(struct workqueue_struct *wq)
{ return 0; }
#endif	/* CONFIG_SYSFS */

#endif