xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/string.h (revision 43c6afee)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _LINUX_STRING_H_
3 #define _LINUX_STRING_H_
4 
5 
6 #include <linux/compiler.h>	/* for inline */
7 #include <linux/types.h>	/* for size_t */
8 #include <linux/stddef.h>	/* for NULL */
9 #include <stdarg.h>
10 #include <uapi/linux/string.h>
11 
12 extern char *strndup_user(const char __user *, long);
13 extern void *memdup_user(const void __user *, size_t);
14 extern void *vmemdup_user(const void __user *, size_t);
15 extern void *memdup_user_nul(const void __user *, size_t);
16 
17 /*
18  * Include machine specific inline routines
19  */
20 #include <asm/string.h>
21 
22 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCPY
23 extern char * strcpy(char *,const char *);
24 #endif
25 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCPY
26 extern char * strncpy(char *,const char *, __kernel_size_t);
27 #endif
28 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLCPY
29 size_t strlcpy(char *, const char *, size_t);
30 #endif
31 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSCPY
32 ssize_t strscpy(char *, const char *, size_t);
33 #endif
34 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCAT
35 extern char * strcat(char *, const char *);
36 #endif
37 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCAT
38 extern char * strncat(char *, const char *, __kernel_size_t);
39 #endif
40 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLCAT
41 extern size_t strlcat(char *, const char *, __kernel_size_t);
42 #endif
43 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCMP
44 extern int strcmp(const char *,const char *);
45 #endif
46 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCMP
47 extern int strncmp(const char *,const char *,__kernel_size_t);
48 #endif
49 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCASECMP
50 extern int strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
51 #endif
52 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCASECMP
53 extern int strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
54 #endif
55 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCHR
56 extern char * strchr(const char *,int);
57 #endif
58 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCHRNUL
59 extern char * strchrnul(const char *,int);
60 #endif
61 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCHR
62 extern char * strnchr(const char *, size_t, int);
63 #endif
64 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRRCHR
65 extern char * strrchr(const char *,int);
66 #endif
67 extern char * __must_check skip_spaces(const char *);
68 
69 extern char *strim(char *);
70 
71 static inline __must_check char *strstrip(char *str)
72 {
73 	return strim(str);
74 }
75 
76 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSTR
77 extern char * strstr(const char *, const char *);
78 #endif
79 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNSTR
80 extern char * strnstr(const char *, const char *, size_t);
81 #endif
82 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLEN
83 extern __kernel_size_t strlen(const char *);
84 #endif
85 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNLEN
86 extern __kernel_size_t strnlen(const char *,__kernel_size_t);
87 #endif
88 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRPBRK
89 extern char * strpbrk(const char *,const char *);
90 #endif
91 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSEP
92 extern char * strsep(char **,const char *);
93 #endif
94 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSPN
95 extern __kernel_size_t strspn(const char *,const char *);
96 #endif
97 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCSPN
98 extern __kernel_size_t strcspn(const char *,const char *);
99 #endif
100 
101 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET
102 extern void * memset(void *,int,__kernel_size_t);
103 #endif
104 
105 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET16
106 extern void *memset16(uint16_t *, uint16_t, __kernel_size_t);
107 #endif
108 
109 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET32
110 extern void *memset32(uint32_t *, uint32_t, __kernel_size_t);
111 #endif
112 
113 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET64
114 extern void *memset64(uint64_t *, uint64_t, __kernel_size_t);
115 #endif
116 
117 static inline void *memset_l(unsigned long *p, unsigned long v,
118 		__kernel_size_t n)
119 {
120 	if (BITS_PER_LONG == 32)
121 		return memset32((uint32_t *)p, v, n);
122 	else
123 		return memset64((uint64_t *)p, v, n);
124 }
125 
126 static inline void *memset_p(void **p, void *v, __kernel_size_t n)
127 {
128 	if (BITS_PER_LONG == 32)
129 		return memset32((uint32_t *)p, (uintptr_t)v, n);
130 	else
131 		return memset64((uint64_t *)p, (uintptr_t)v, n);
132 }
133 
134 extern void **__memcat_p(void **a, void **b);
135 #define memcat_p(a, b) ({					\
136 	BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(!__same_type(*(a), *(b)),		\
137 			 "type mismatch in memcat_p()");	\
138 	(typeof(*a) *)__memcat_p((void **)(a), (void **)(b));	\
139 })
140 
141 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY
142 extern void * memcpy(void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
143 #endif
144 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMMOVE
145 extern void * memmove(void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
146 #endif
147 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSCAN
148 extern void * memscan(void *,int,__kernel_size_t);
149 #endif
150 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCMP
151 extern int memcmp(const void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
152 #endif
153 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_BCMP
154 extern int bcmp(const void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
155 #endif
156 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCHR
157 extern void * memchr(const void *,int,__kernel_size_t);
158 #endif
159 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY_MCSAFE
160 static inline __must_check unsigned long memcpy_mcsafe(void *dst,
161 		const void *src, size_t cnt)
162 {
163 	memcpy(dst, src, cnt);
164 	return 0;
165 }
166 #endif
167 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY_FLUSHCACHE
168 static inline void memcpy_flushcache(void *dst, const void *src, size_t cnt)
169 {
170 	memcpy(dst, src, cnt);
171 }
172 #endif
173 void *memchr_inv(const void *s, int c, size_t n);
174 char *strreplace(char *s, char old, char new);
175 
176 extern void kfree_const(const void *x);
177 
178 extern char *kstrdup(const char *s, gfp_t gfp) __malloc;
179 extern const char *kstrdup_const(const char *s, gfp_t gfp);
180 extern char *kstrndup(const char *s, size_t len, gfp_t gfp);
181 extern void *kmemdup(const void *src, size_t len, gfp_t gfp);
182 extern char *kmemdup_nul(const char *s, size_t len, gfp_t gfp);
183 
184 extern char **argv_split(gfp_t gfp, const char *str, int *argcp);
185 extern void argv_free(char **argv);
186 
187 extern bool sysfs_streq(const char *s1, const char *s2);
188 extern int kstrtobool(const char *s, bool *res);
189 static inline int strtobool(const char *s, bool *res)
190 {
191 	return kstrtobool(s, res);
192 }
193 
194 int match_string(const char * const *array, size_t n, const char *string);
195 int __sysfs_match_string(const char * const *array, size_t n, const char *s);
196 
197 /**
198  * sysfs_match_string - matches given string in an array
199  * @_a: array of strings
200  * @_s: string to match with
201  *
202  * Helper for __sysfs_match_string(). Calculates the size of @a automatically.
203  */
204 #define sysfs_match_string(_a, _s) __sysfs_match_string(_a, ARRAY_SIZE(_a), _s)
205 
206 #ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
207 int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args);
208 int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf);
209 int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...) __printf(3, 4);
210 #endif
211 
212 extern ssize_t memory_read_from_buffer(void *to, size_t count, loff_t *ppos,
213 				       const void *from, size_t available);
214 
215 /**
216  * strstarts - does @str start with @prefix?
217  * @str: string to examine
218  * @prefix: prefix to look for.
219  */
220 static inline bool strstarts(const char *str, const char *prefix)
221 {
222 	return strncmp(str, prefix, strlen(prefix)) == 0;
223 }
224 
225 size_t memweight(const void *ptr, size_t bytes);
226 void memzero_explicit(void *s, size_t count);
227 
228 /**
229  * kbasename - return the last part of a pathname.
230  *
231  * @path: path to extract the filename from.
232  */
233 static inline const char *kbasename(const char *path)
234 {
235 	const char *tail = strrchr(path, '/');
236 	return tail ? tail + 1 : path;
237 }
238 
239 #define __FORTIFY_INLINE extern __always_inline __attribute__((gnu_inline))
240 #define __RENAME(x) __asm__(#x)
241 
242 void fortify_panic(const char *name) __noreturn __cold;
243 void __read_overflow(void) __compiletime_error("detected read beyond size of object passed as 1st parameter");
244 void __read_overflow2(void) __compiletime_error("detected read beyond size of object passed as 2nd parameter");
245 void __read_overflow3(void) __compiletime_error("detected read beyond size of object passed as 3rd parameter");
246 void __write_overflow(void) __compiletime_error("detected write beyond size of object passed as 1st parameter");
247 
248 #if !defined(__NO_FORTIFY) && defined(__OPTIMIZE__) && defined(CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE)
249 __FORTIFY_INLINE char *strncpy(char *p, const char *q, __kernel_size_t size)
250 {
251 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
252 	if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
253 		__write_overflow();
254 	if (p_size < size)
255 		fortify_panic(__func__);
256 	return __builtin_strncpy(p, q, size);
257 }
258 
259 __FORTIFY_INLINE char *strcat(char *p, const char *q)
260 {
261 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
262 	if (p_size == (size_t)-1)
263 		return __builtin_strcat(p, q);
264 	if (strlcat(p, q, p_size) >= p_size)
265 		fortify_panic(__func__);
266 	return p;
267 }
268 
269 __FORTIFY_INLINE __kernel_size_t strlen(const char *p)
270 {
271 	__kernel_size_t ret;
272 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
273 
274 	/* Work around gcc excess stack consumption issue */
275 	if (p_size == (size_t)-1 ||
276 	    (__builtin_constant_p(p[p_size - 1]) && p[p_size - 1] == '\0'))
277 		return __builtin_strlen(p);
278 	ret = strnlen(p, p_size);
279 	if (p_size <= ret)
280 		fortify_panic(__func__);
281 	return ret;
282 }
283 
284 extern __kernel_size_t __real_strnlen(const char *, __kernel_size_t) __RENAME(strnlen);
285 __FORTIFY_INLINE __kernel_size_t strnlen(const char *p, __kernel_size_t maxlen)
286 {
287 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
288 	__kernel_size_t ret = __real_strnlen(p, maxlen < p_size ? maxlen : p_size);
289 	if (p_size <= ret && maxlen != ret)
290 		fortify_panic(__func__);
291 	return ret;
292 }
293 
294 /* defined after fortified strlen to reuse it */
295 extern size_t __real_strlcpy(char *, const char *, size_t) __RENAME(strlcpy);
296 __FORTIFY_INLINE size_t strlcpy(char *p, const char *q, size_t size)
297 {
298 	size_t ret;
299 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
300 	size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 0);
301 	if (p_size == (size_t)-1 && q_size == (size_t)-1)
302 		return __real_strlcpy(p, q, size);
303 	ret = strlen(q);
304 	if (size) {
305 		size_t len = (ret >= size) ? size - 1 : ret;
306 		if (__builtin_constant_p(len) && len >= p_size)
307 			__write_overflow();
308 		if (len >= p_size)
309 			fortify_panic(__func__);
310 		__builtin_memcpy(p, q, len);
311 		p[len] = '\0';
312 	}
313 	return ret;
314 }
315 
316 /* defined after fortified strlen and strnlen to reuse them */
317 __FORTIFY_INLINE char *strncat(char *p, const char *q, __kernel_size_t count)
318 {
319 	size_t p_len, copy_len;
320 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
321 	size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 0);
322 	if (p_size == (size_t)-1 && q_size == (size_t)-1)
323 		return __builtin_strncat(p, q, count);
324 	p_len = strlen(p);
325 	copy_len = strnlen(q, count);
326 	if (p_size < p_len + copy_len + 1)
327 		fortify_panic(__func__);
328 	__builtin_memcpy(p + p_len, q, copy_len);
329 	p[p_len + copy_len] = '\0';
330 	return p;
331 }
332 
333 __FORTIFY_INLINE void *memset(void *p, int c, __kernel_size_t size)
334 {
335 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
336 	if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
337 		__write_overflow();
338 	if (p_size < size)
339 		fortify_panic(__func__);
340 	return __builtin_memset(p, c, size);
341 }
342 
343 __FORTIFY_INLINE void *memcpy(void *p, const void *q, __kernel_size_t size)
344 {
345 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
346 	size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 0);
347 	if (__builtin_constant_p(size)) {
348 		if (p_size < size)
349 			__write_overflow();
350 		if (q_size < size)
351 			__read_overflow2();
352 	}
353 	if (p_size < size || q_size < size)
354 		fortify_panic(__func__);
355 	return __builtin_memcpy(p, q, size);
356 }
357 
358 __FORTIFY_INLINE void *memmove(void *p, const void *q, __kernel_size_t size)
359 {
360 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
361 	size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 0);
362 	if (__builtin_constant_p(size)) {
363 		if (p_size < size)
364 			__write_overflow();
365 		if (q_size < size)
366 			__read_overflow2();
367 	}
368 	if (p_size < size || q_size < size)
369 		fortify_panic(__func__);
370 	return __builtin_memmove(p, q, size);
371 }
372 
373 extern void *__real_memscan(void *, int, __kernel_size_t) __RENAME(memscan);
374 __FORTIFY_INLINE void *memscan(void *p, int c, __kernel_size_t size)
375 {
376 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
377 	if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
378 		__read_overflow();
379 	if (p_size < size)
380 		fortify_panic(__func__);
381 	return __real_memscan(p, c, size);
382 }
383 
384 __FORTIFY_INLINE int memcmp(const void *p, const void *q, __kernel_size_t size)
385 {
386 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
387 	size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 0);
388 	if (__builtin_constant_p(size)) {
389 		if (p_size < size)
390 			__read_overflow();
391 		if (q_size < size)
392 			__read_overflow2();
393 	}
394 	if (p_size < size || q_size < size)
395 		fortify_panic(__func__);
396 	return __builtin_memcmp(p, q, size);
397 }
398 
399 __FORTIFY_INLINE void *memchr(const void *p, int c, __kernel_size_t size)
400 {
401 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
402 	if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
403 		__read_overflow();
404 	if (p_size < size)
405 		fortify_panic(__func__);
406 	return __builtin_memchr(p, c, size);
407 }
408 
409 void *__real_memchr_inv(const void *s, int c, size_t n) __RENAME(memchr_inv);
410 __FORTIFY_INLINE void *memchr_inv(const void *p, int c, size_t size)
411 {
412 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
413 	if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
414 		__read_overflow();
415 	if (p_size < size)
416 		fortify_panic(__func__);
417 	return __real_memchr_inv(p, c, size);
418 }
419 
420 extern void *__real_kmemdup(const void *src, size_t len, gfp_t gfp) __RENAME(kmemdup);
421 __FORTIFY_INLINE void *kmemdup(const void *p, size_t size, gfp_t gfp)
422 {
423 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
424 	if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
425 		__read_overflow();
426 	if (p_size < size)
427 		fortify_panic(__func__);
428 	return __real_kmemdup(p, size, gfp);
429 }
430 
431 /* defined after fortified strlen and memcpy to reuse them */
432 __FORTIFY_INLINE char *strcpy(char *p, const char *q)
433 {
434 	size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
435 	size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 0);
436 	if (p_size == (size_t)-1 && q_size == (size_t)-1)
437 		return __builtin_strcpy(p, q);
438 	memcpy(p, q, strlen(q) + 1);
439 	return p;
440 }
441 
442 #endif
443 
444 /**
445  * memcpy_and_pad - Copy one buffer to another with padding
446  * @dest: Where to copy to
447  * @dest_len: The destination buffer size
448  * @src: Where to copy from
449  * @count: The number of bytes to copy
450  * @pad: Character to use for padding if space is left in destination.
451  */
452 static inline void memcpy_and_pad(void *dest, size_t dest_len,
453 				  const void *src, size_t count, int pad)
454 {
455 	if (dest_len > count) {
456 		memcpy(dest, src, count);
457 		memset(dest + count, pad,  dest_len - count);
458 	} else
459 		memcpy(dest, src, dest_len);
460 }
461 
462 /**
463  * str_has_prefix - Test if a string has a given prefix
464  * @str: The string to test
465  * @prefix: The string to see if @str starts with
466  *
467  * A common way to test a prefix of a string is to do:
468  *  strncmp(str, prefix, sizeof(prefix) - 1)
469  *
470  * But this can lead to bugs due to typos, or if prefix is a pointer
471  * and not a constant. Instead use str_has_prefix().
472  *
473  * Returns: 0 if @str does not start with @prefix
474          strlen(@prefix) if @str does start with @prefix
475  */
476 static __always_inline size_t str_has_prefix(const char *str, const char *prefix)
477 {
478 	size_t len = strlen(prefix);
479 	return strncmp(str, prefix, len) == 0 ? len : 0;
480 }
481 
482 #endif /* _LINUX_STRING_H_ */
483