xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/stackdepot.h (revision 410b764f)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2 /*
3  * Stack depot - a stack trace storage that avoids duplication.
4  *
5  * Stack depot is intended to be used by subsystems that need to store and
6  * later retrieve many potentially duplicated stack traces without wasting
7  * memory.
8  *
9  * For example, KASAN needs to save allocation and free stack traces for each
10  * object. Storing two stack traces per object requires a lot of memory (e.g.
11  * SLUB_DEBUG needs 256 bytes per object for that). Since allocation and free
12  * stack traces often repeat, using stack depot allows to save about 100x space.
13  *
14  * Stack traces are never removed from the stack depot.
15  *
16  * Author: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]>
17  * Copyright (C) 2016 Google, Inc.
18  *
19  * Based on the code by Dmitry Chernenkov.
20  */
21 
22 #ifndef _LINUX_STACKDEPOT_H
23 #define _LINUX_STACKDEPOT_H
24 
25 #include <linux/gfp.h>
26 
27 typedef u32 depot_stack_handle_t;
28 
29 /*
30  * Number of bits in the handle that stack depot doesn't use. Users may store
31  * information in them via stack_depot_set/get_extra_bits.
32  */
33 #define STACK_DEPOT_EXTRA_BITS 5
34 
35 typedef u32 depot_flags_t;
36 
37 /*
38  * Flags that can be passed to stack_depot_save_flags(); see the comment next
39  * to its declaration for more details.
40  */
41 #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_CAN_ALLOC	((depot_flags_t)0x0001)
42 #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_GET		((depot_flags_t)0x0002)
43 
44 #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAGS_NUM	2
45 #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAGS_MASK	((depot_flags_t)((1 << STACK_DEPOT_FLAGS_NUM) - 1))
46 
47 /*
48  * Using stack depot requires its initialization, which can be done in 3 ways:
49  *
50  * 1. Selecting CONFIG_STACKDEPOT_ALWAYS_INIT. This option is suitable in
51  *    scenarios where it's known at compile time that stack depot will be used.
52  *    Enabling this config makes the kernel initialize stack depot in mm_init().
53  *
54  * 2. Calling stack_depot_request_early_init() during early boot, before
55  *    stack_depot_early_init() in mm_init() completes. For example, this can
56  *    be done when evaluating kernel boot parameters.
57  *
58  * 3. Calling stack_depot_init(). Possible after boot is complete. This option
59  *    is recommended for modules initialized later in the boot process, after
60  *    mm_init() completes.
61  *
62  * stack_depot_init() and stack_depot_request_early_init() can be called
63  * regardless of whether CONFIG_STACKDEPOT is enabled and are no-op when this
64  * config is disabled. The save/fetch/print stack depot functions can only be
65  * called from the code that makes sure CONFIG_STACKDEPOT is enabled _and_
66  * initializes stack depot via one of the ways listed above.
67  */
68 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKDEPOT
69 int stack_depot_init(void);
70 
71 void __init stack_depot_request_early_init(void);
72 
73 /* Must be only called from mm_init(). */
74 int __init stack_depot_early_init(void);
75 #else
76 static inline int stack_depot_init(void) { return 0; }
77 
78 static inline void stack_depot_request_early_init(void) { }
79 
80 static inline int stack_depot_early_init(void)	{ return 0; }
81 #endif
82 
83 /**
84  * stack_depot_save_flags - Save a stack trace to stack depot
85  *
86  * @entries:		Pointer to the stack trace
87  * @nr_entries:		Number of frames in the stack
88  * @alloc_flags:	Allocation GFP flags
89  * @depot_flags:	Stack depot flags
90  *
91  * Saves a stack trace from @entries array of size @nr_entries.
92  *
93  * If STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_CAN_ALLOC is set in @depot_flags, stack depot can
94  * replenish the stack pools in case no space is left (allocates using GFP
95  * flags of @alloc_flags). Otherwise, stack depot avoids any allocations and
96  * fails if no space is left to store the stack trace.
97  *
98  * If STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_GET is set in @depot_flags, stack depot will increment
99  * the refcount on the saved stack trace if it already exists in stack depot.
100  *
101  * If the provided stack trace comes from the interrupt context, only the part
102  * up to the interrupt entry is saved.
103  *
104  * Context: Any context, but setting STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_CAN_ALLOC is required if
105  *          alloc_pages() cannot be used from the current context. Currently
106  *          this is the case for contexts where neither %GFP_ATOMIC nor
107  *          %GFP_NOWAIT can be used (NMI, raw_spin_lock).
108  *
109  * Return: Handle of the stack struct stored in depot, 0 on failure
110  */
111 depot_stack_handle_t stack_depot_save_flags(unsigned long *entries,
112 					    unsigned int nr_entries,
113 					    gfp_t gfp_flags,
114 					    depot_flags_t depot_flags);
115 
116 /**
117  * stack_depot_save - Save a stack trace to stack depot
118  *
119  * @entries:		Pointer to the stack trace
120  * @nr_entries:		Number of frames in the stack
121  * @alloc_flags:	Allocation GFP flags
122  *
123  * Does not increment the refcount on the saved stack trace; see
124  * stack_depot_save_flags() for more details.
125  *
126  * Context: Contexts where allocations via alloc_pages() are allowed;
127  *          see stack_depot_save_flags() for more details.
128  *
129  * Return: Handle of the stack trace stored in depot, 0 on failure
130  */
131 depot_stack_handle_t stack_depot_save(unsigned long *entries,
132 				      unsigned int nr_entries, gfp_t gfp_flags);
133 
134 /**
135  * stack_depot_fetch - Fetch a stack trace from stack depot
136  *
137  * @handle:	Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save()
138  * @entries:	Pointer to store the address of the stack trace
139  *
140  * Return: Number of frames for the fetched stack
141  */
142 unsigned int stack_depot_fetch(depot_stack_handle_t handle,
143 			       unsigned long **entries);
144 
145 /**
146  * stack_depot_print - Print a stack trace from stack depot
147  *
148  * @stack:	Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save()
149  */
150 void stack_depot_print(depot_stack_handle_t stack);
151 
152 /**
153  * stack_depot_snprint - Print a stack trace from stack depot into a buffer
154  *
155  * @handle:	Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save()
156  * @buf:	Pointer to the print buffer
157  * @size:	Size of the print buffer
158  * @spaces:	Number of leading spaces to print
159  *
160  * Return:	Number of bytes printed
161  */
162 int stack_depot_snprint(depot_stack_handle_t handle, char *buf, size_t size,
163 		       int spaces);
164 
165 /**
166  * stack_depot_set_extra_bits - Set extra bits in a stack depot handle
167  *
168  * @handle:	Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save()
169  * @extra_bits:	Value to set the extra bits
170  *
171  * Return: Stack depot handle with extra bits set
172  *
173  * Stack depot handles have a few unused bits, which can be used for storing
174  * user-specific information. These bits are transparent to the stack depot.
175  */
176 depot_stack_handle_t __must_check stack_depot_set_extra_bits(
177 			depot_stack_handle_t handle, unsigned int extra_bits);
178 
179 /**
180  * stack_depot_get_extra_bits - Retrieve extra bits from a stack depot handle
181  *
182  * @handle:	Stack depot handle with extra bits saved
183  *
184  * Return: Extra bits retrieved from the stack depot handle
185  */
186 unsigned int stack_depot_get_extra_bits(depot_stack_handle_t handle);
187 
188 #endif
189