xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/stackdepot.h (revision 022012dc)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2 /*
3  * Stack depot - a stack trace storage that avoids duplication.
4  *
5  * Stack depot is intended to be used by subsystems that need to store and
6  * later retrieve many potentially duplicated stack traces without wasting
7  * memory.
8  *
9  * For example, KASAN needs to save allocation and free stack traces for each
10  * object. Storing two stack traces per object requires a lot of memory (e.g.
11  * SLUB_DEBUG needs 256 bytes per object for that). Since allocation and free
12  * stack traces often repeat, using stack depot allows to save about 100x space.
13  *
14  * Stack traces are never removed from the stack depot.
15  *
16  * Author: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]>
17  * Copyright (C) 2016 Google, Inc.
18  *
19  * Based on the code by Dmitry Chernenkov.
20  */
21 
22 #ifndef _LINUX_STACKDEPOT_H
23 #define _LINUX_STACKDEPOT_H
24 
25 #include <linux/gfp.h>
26 
27 typedef u32 depot_stack_handle_t;
28 
29 /*
30  * Number of bits in the handle that stack depot doesn't use. Users may store
31  * information in them via stack_depot_set/get_extra_bits.
32  */
33 #define STACK_DEPOT_EXTRA_BITS 5
34 
35 typedef u32 depot_flags_t;
36 
37 /*
38  * Flags that can be passed to stack_depot_save_flags(); see the comment next
39  * to its declaration for more details.
40  */
41 #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_CAN_ALLOC	((depot_flags_t)0x0001)
42 
43 #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAGS_NUM	1
44 #define STACK_DEPOT_FLAGS_MASK	((depot_flags_t)((1 << STACK_DEPOT_FLAGS_NUM) - 1))
45 
46 /*
47  * Using stack depot requires its initialization, which can be done in 3 ways:
48  *
49  * 1. Selecting CONFIG_STACKDEPOT_ALWAYS_INIT. This option is suitable in
50  *    scenarios where it's known at compile time that stack depot will be used.
51  *    Enabling this config makes the kernel initialize stack depot in mm_init().
52  *
53  * 2. Calling stack_depot_request_early_init() during early boot, before
54  *    stack_depot_early_init() in mm_init() completes. For example, this can
55  *    be done when evaluating kernel boot parameters.
56  *
57  * 3. Calling stack_depot_init(). Possible after boot is complete. This option
58  *    is recommended for modules initialized later in the boot process, after
59  *    mm_init() completes.
60  *
61  * stack_depot_init() and stack_depot_request_early_init() can be called
62  * regardless of whether CONFIG_STACKDEPOT is enabled and are no-op when this
63  * config is disabled. The save/fetch/print stack depot functions can only be
64  * called from the code that makes sure CONFIG_STACKDEPOT is enabled _and_
65  * initializes stack depot via one of the ways listed above.
66  */
67 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKDEPOT
68 int stack_depot_init(void);
69 
70 void __init stack_depot_request_early_init(void);
71 
72 /* Must be only called from mm_init(). */
73 int __init stack_depot_early_init(void);
74 #else
75 static inline int stack_depot_init(void) { return 0; }
76 
77 static inline void stack_depot_request_early_init(void) { }
78 
79 static inline int stack_depot_early_init(void)	{ return 0; }
80 #endif
81 
82 /**
83  * stack_depot_save_flags - Save a stack trace to stack depot
84  *
85  * @entries:		Pointer to the stack trace
86  * @nr_entries:		Number of frames in the stack
87  * @alloc_flags:	Allocation GFP flags
88  * @depot_flags:	Stack depot flags
89  *
90  * Saves a stack trace from @entries array of size @nr_entries.
91  *
92  * If STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_CAN_ALLOC is set in @depot_flags, stack depot can
93  * replenish the stack pools in case no space is left (allocates using GFP
94  * flags of @alloc_flags). Otherwise, stack depot avoids any allocations and
95  * fails if no space is left to store the stack trace.
96  *
97  * If the provided stack trace comes from the interrupt context, only the part
98  * up to the interrupt entry is saved.
99  *
100  * Context: Any context, but setting STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_CAN_ALLOC is required if
101  *          alloc_pages() cannot be used from the current context. Currently
102  *          this is the case for contexts where neither %GFP_ATOMIC nor
103  *          %GFP_NOWAIT can be used (NMI, raw_spin_lock).
104  *
105  * Return: Handle of the stack struct stored in depot, 0 on failure
106  */
107 depot_stack_handle_t stack_depot_save_flags(unsigned long *entries,
108 					    unsigned int nr_entries,
109 					    gfp_t gfp_flags,
110 					    depot_flags_t depot_flags);
111 
112 /**
113  * stack_depot_save - Save a stack trace to stack depot
114  *
115  * @entries:		Pointer to the stack trace
116  * @nr_entries:		Number of frames in the stack
117  * @alloc_flags:	Allocation GFP flags
118  *
119  * Context: Contexts where allocations via alloc_pages() are allowed.
120  *          See stack_depot_save_flags() for more details.
121  *
122  * Return: Handle of the stack trace stored in depot, 0 on failure
123  */
124 depot_stack_handle_t stack_depot_save(unsigned long *entries,
125 				      unsigned int nr_entries, gfp_t gfp_flags);
126 
127 /**
128  * stack_depot_fetch - Fetch a stack trace from stack depot
129  *
130  * @handle:	Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save()
131  * @entries:	Pointer to store the address of the stack trace
132  *
133  * Return: Number of frames for the fetched stack
134  */
135 unsigned int stack_depot_fetch(depot_stack_handle_t handle,
136 			       unsigned long **entries);
137 
138 /**
139  * stack_depot_print - Print a stack trace from stack depot
140  *
141  * @stack:	Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save()
142  */
143 void stack_depot_print(depot_stack_handle_t stack);
144 
145 /**
146  * stack_depot_snprint - Print a stack trace from stack depot into a buffer
147  *
148  * @handle:	Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save()
149  * @buf:	Pointer to the print buffer
150  * @size:	Size of the print buffer
151  * @spaces:	Number of leading spaces to print
152  *
153  * Return:	Number of bytes printed
154  */
155 int stack_depot_snprint(depot_stack_handle_t handle, char *buf, size_t size,
156 		       int spaces);
157 
158 /**
159  * stack_depot_set_extra_bits - Set extra bits in a stack depot handle
160  *
161  * @handle:	Stack depot handle returned from stack_depot_save()
162  * @extra_bits:	Value to set the extra bits
163  *
164  * Return: Stack depot handle with extra bits set
165  *
166  * Stack depot handles have a few unused bits, which can be used for storing
167  * user-specific information. These bits are transparent to the stack depot.
168  */
169 depot_stack_handle_t __must_check stack_depot_set_extra_bits(
170 			depot_stack_handle_t handle, unsigned int extra_bits);
171 
172 /**
173  * stack_depot_get_extra_bits - Retrieve extra bits from a stack depot handle
174  *
175  * @handle:	Stack depot handle with extra bits saved
176  *
177  * Return: Extra bits retrieved from the stack depot handle
178  */
179 unsigned int stack_depot_get_extra_bits(depot_stack_handle_t handle);
180 
181 #endif
182