xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/lockdep.h (revision ba6e8564)
1 /*
2  * Runtime locking correctness validator
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 2006 Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
5  *
6  * see Documentation/lockdep-design.txt for more details.
7  */
8 #ifndef __LINUX_LOCKDEP_H
9 #define __LINUX_LOCKDEP_H
10 
11 struct task_struct;
12 
13 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
14 
15 #include <linux/linkage.h>
16 #include <linux/list.h>
17 #include <linux/debug_locks.h>
18 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
19 
20 /*
21  * Lock-class usage-state bits:
22  */
23 enum lock_usage_bit
24 {
25 	LOCK_USED = 0,
26 	LOCK_USED_IN_HARDIRQ,
27 	LOCK_USED_IN_SOFTIRQ,
28 	LOCK_ENABLED_SOFTIRQS,
29 	LOCK_ENABLED_HARDIRQS,
30 	LOCK_USED_IN_HARDIRQ_READ,
31 	LOCK_USED_IN_SOFTIRQ_READ,
32 	LOCK_ENABLED_SOFTIRQS_READ,
33 	LOCK_ENABLED_HARDIRQS_READ,
34 	LOCK_USAGE_STATES
35 };
36 
37 /*
38  * Usage-state bitmasks:
39  */
40 #define LOCKF_USED			(1 << LOCK_USED)
41 #define LOCKF_USED_IN_HARDIRQ		(1 << LOCK_USED_IN_HARDIRQ)
42 #define LOCKF_USED_IN_SOFTIRQ		(1 << LOCK_USED_IN_SOFTIRQ)
43 #define LOCKF_ENABLED_HARDIRQS		(1 << LOCK_ENABLED_HARDIRQS)
44 #define LOCKF_ENABLED_SOFTIRQS		(1 << LOCK_ENABLED_SOFTIRQS)
45 
46 #define LOCKF_ENABLED_IRQS (LOCKF_ENABLED_HARDIRQS | LOCKF_ENABLED_SOFTIRQS)
47 #define LOCKF_USED_IN_IRQ (LOCKF_USED_IN_HARDIRQ | LOCKF_USED_IN_SOFTIRQ)
48 
49 #define LOCKF_USED_IN_HARDIRQ_READ	(1 << LOCK_USED_IN_HARDIRQ_READ)
50 #define LOCKF_USED_IN_SOFTIRQ_READ	(1 << LOCK_USED_IN_SOFTIRQ_READ)
51 #define LOCKF_ENABLED_HARDIRQS_READ	(1 << LOCK_ENABLED_HARDIRQS_READ)
52 #define LOCKF_ENABLED_SOFTIRQS_READ	(1 << LOCK_ENABLED_SOFTIRQS_READ)
53 
54 #define LOCKF_ENABLED_IRQS_READ \
55 		(LOCKF_ENABLED_HARDIRQS_READ | LOCKF_ENABLED_SOFTIRQS_READ)
56 #define LOCKF_USED_IN_IRQ_READ \
57 		(LOCKF_USED_IN_HARDIRQ_READ | LOCKF_USED_IN_SOFTIRQ_READ)
58 
59 #define MAX_LOCKDEP_SUBCLASSES		8UL
60 
61 /*
62  * Lock-classes are keyed via unique addresses, by embedding the
63  * lockclass-key into the kernel (or module) .data section. (For
64  * static locks we use the lock address itself as the key.)
65  */
66 struct lockdep_subclass_key {
67 	char __one_byte;
68 } __attribute__ ((__packed__));
69 
70 struct lock_class_key {
71 	struct lockdep_subclass_key	subkeys[MAX_LOCKDEP_SUBCLASSES];
72 };
73 
74 /*
75  * The lock-class itself:
76  */
77 struct lock_class {
78 	/*
79 	 * class-hash:
80 	 */
81 	struct list_head		hash_entry;
82 
83 	/*
84 	 * global list of all lock-classes:
85 	 */
86 	struct list_head		lock_entry;
87 
88 	struct lockdep_subclass_key	*key;
89 	unsigned int			subclass;
90 
91 	/*
92 	 * IRQ/softirq usage tracking bits:
93 	 */
94 	unsigned long			usage_mask;
95 	struct stack_trace		usage_traces[LOCK_USAGE_STATES];
96 
97 	/*
98 	 * These fields represent a directed graph of lock dependencies,
99 	 * to every node we attach a list of "forward" and a list of
100 	 * "backward" graph nodes.
101 	 */
102 	struct list_head		locks_after, locks_before;
103 
104 	/*
105 	 * Generation counter, when doing certain classes of graph walking,
106 	 * to ensure that we check one node only once:
107 	 */
108 	unsigned int			version;
109 
110 	/*
111 	 * Statistics counter:
112 	 */
113 	unsigned long			ops;
114 
115 	const char			*name;
116 	int				name_version;
117 };
118 
119 /*
120  * Map the lock object (the lock instance) to the lock-class object.
121  * This is embedded into specific lock instances:
122  */
123 struct lockdep_map {
124 	struct lock_class_key		*key;
125 	struct lock_class		*class_cache;
126 	const char			*name;
127 };
128 
129 /*
130  * Every lock has a list of other locks that were taken after it.
131  * We only grow the list, never remove from it:
132  */
133 struct lock_list {
134 	struct list_head		entry;
135 	struct lock_class		*class;
136 	struct stack_trace		trace;
137 	int				distance;
138 };
139 
140 /*
141  * We record lock dependency chains, so that we can cache them:
142  */
143 struct lock_chain {
144 	struct list_head		entry;
145 	u64				chain_key;
146 };
147 
148 struct held_lock {
149 	/*
150 	 * One-way hash of the dependency chain up to this point. We
151 	 * hash the hashes step by step as the dependency chain grows.
152 	 *
153 	 * We use it for dependency-caching and we skip detection
154 	 * passes and dependency-updates if there is a cache-hit, so
155 	 * it is absolutely critical for 100% coverage of the validator
156 	 * to have a unique key value for every unique dependency path
157 	 * that can occur in the system, to make a unique hash value
158 	 * as likely as possible - hence the 64-bit width.
159 	 *
160 	 * The task struct holds the current hash value (initialized
161 	 * with zero), here we store the previous hash value:
162 	 */
163 	u64				prev_chain_key;
164 	struct lock_class		*class;
165 	unsigned long			acquire_ip;
166 	struct lockdep_map		*instance;
167 
168 	/*
169 	 * The lock-stack is unified in that the lock chains of interrupt
170 	 * contexts nest ontop of process context chains, but we 'separate'
171 	 * the hashes by starting with 0 if we cross into an interrupt
172 	 * context, and we also keep do not add cross-context lock
173 	 * dependencies - the lock usage graph walking covers that area
174 	 * anyway, and we'd just unnecessarily increase the number of
175 	 * dependencies otherwise. [Note: hardirq and softirq contexts
176 	 * are separated from each other too.]
177 	 *
178 	 * The following field is used to detect when we cross into an
179 	 * interrupt context:
180 	 */
181 	int				irq_context;
182 	int				trylock;
183 	int				read;
184 	int				check;
185 	int				hardirqs_off;
186 };
187 
188 /*
189  * Initialization, self-test and debugging-output methods:
190  */
191 extern void lockdep_init(void);
192 extern void lockdep_info(void);
193 extern void lockdep_reset(void);
194 extern void lockdep_reset_lock(struct lockdep_map *lock);
195 extern void lockdep_free_key_range(void *start, unsigned long size);
196 
197 extern void lockdep_off(void);
198 extern void lockdep_on(void);
199 
200 /*
201  * These methods are used by specific locking variants (spinlocks,
202  * rwlocks, mutexes and rwsems) to pass init/acquire/release events
203  * to lockdep:
204  */
205 
206 extern void lockdep_init_map(struct lockdep_map *lock, const char *name,
207 			     struct lock_class_key *key, int subclass);
208 
209 /*
210  * Reinitialize a lock key - for cases where there is special locking or
211  * special initialization of locks so that the validator gets the scope
212  * of dependencies wrong: they are either too broad (they need a class-split)
213  * or they are too narrow (they suffer from a false class-split):
214  */
215 #define lockdep_set_class(lock, key) \
216 		lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, #key, key, 0)
217 #define lockdep_set_class_and_name(lock, key, name) \
218 		lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, name, key, 0)
219 #define lockdep_set_class_and_subclass(lock, key, sub) \
220 		lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, #key, key, sub)
221 #define lockdep_set_subclass(lock, sub)	\
222 		lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, #lock, \
223 				 (lock)->dep_map.key, sub)
224 
225 /*
226  * Acquire a lock.
227  *
228  * Values for "read":
229  *
230  *   0: exclusive (write) acquire
231  *   1: read-acquire (no recursion allowed)
232  *   2: read-acquire with same-instance recursion allowed
233  *
234  * Values for check:
235  *
236  *   0: disabled
237  *   1: simple checks (freeing, held-at-exit-time, etc.)
238  *   2: full validation
239  */
240 extern void lock_acquire(struct lockdep_map *lock, unsigned int subclass,
241 			 int trylock, int read, int check, unsigned long ip);
242 
243 extern void lock_release(struct lockdep_map *lock, int nested,
244 			 unsigned long ip);
245 
246 # define INIT_LOCKDEP				.lockdep_recursion = 0,
247 
248 #define lockdep_depth(tsk)	(debug_locks ? (tsk)->lockdep_depth : 0)
249 
250 #else /* !LOCKDEP */
251 
252 static inline void lockdep_off(void)
253 {
254 }
255 
256 static inline void lockdep_on(void)
257 {
258 }
259 
260 # define lock_acquire(l, s, t, r, c, i)		do { } while (0)
261 # define lock_release(l, n, i)			do { } while (0)
262 # define lockdep_init()				do { } while (0)
263 # define lockdep_info()				do { } while (0)
264 # define lockdep_init_map(lock, name, key, sub)	do { (void)(key); } while (0)
265 # define lockdep_set_class(lock, key)		do { (void)(key); } while (0)
266 # define lockdep_set_class_and_name(lock, key, name) \
267 		do { (void)(key); } while (0)
268 #define lockdep_set_class_and_subclass(lock, key, sub) \
269 		do { (void)(key); } while (0)
270 #define lockdep_set_subclass(lock, sub)		do { } while (0)
271 
272 # define INIT_LOCKDEP
273 # define lockdep_reset()		do { debug_locks = 1; } while (0)
274 # define lockdep_free_key_range(start, size)	do { } while (0)
275 /*
276  * The class key takes no space if lockdep is disabled:
277  */
278 struct lock_class_key { };
279 
280 #define lockdep_depth(tsk)	(0)
281 
282 #endif /* !LOCKDEP */
283 
284 #if defined(CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS) && defined(CONFIG_GENERIC_HARDIRQS)
285 extern void early_init_irq_lock_class(void);
286 #else
287 static inline void early_init_irq_lock_class(void)
288 {
289 }
290 #endif
291 
292 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
293 extern void early_boot_irqs_off(void);
294 extern void early_boot_irqs_on(void);
295 extern void print_irqtrace_events(struct task_struct *curr);
296 #else
297 static inline void early_boot_irqs_off(void)
298 {
299 }
300 static inline void early_boot_irqs_on(void)
301 {
302 }
303 static inline void print_irqtrace_events(struct task_struct *curr)
304 {
305 }
306 #endif
307 
308 /*
309  * For trivial one-depth nesting of a lock-class, the following
310  * global define can be used. (Subsystems with multiple levels
311  * of nesting should define their own lock-nesting subclasses.)
312  */
313 #define SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING			1
314 
315 /*
316  * Map the dependency ops to NOP or to real lockdep ops, depending
317  * on the per lock-class debug mode:
318  */
319 
320 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
321 # ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
322 #  define spin_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 2, i)
323 # else
324 #  define spin_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 1, i)
325 # endif
326 # define spin_release(l, n, i)			lock_release(l, n, i)
327 #else
328 # define spin_acquire(l, s, t, i)		do { } while (0)
329 # define spin_release(l, n, i)			do { } while (0)
330 #endif
331 
332 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
333 # ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
334 #  define rwlock_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 2, i)
335 #  define rwlock_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)	lock_acquire(l, s, t, 2, 2, i)
336 # else
337 #  define rwlock_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 1, i)
338 #  define rwlock_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)	lock_acquire(l, s, t, 2, 1, i)
339 # endif
340 # define rwlock_release(l, n, i)		lock_release(l, n, i)
341 #else
342 # define rwlock_acquire(l, s, t, i)		do { } while (0)
343 # define rwlock_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)	do { } while (0)
344 # define rwlock_release(l, n, i)		do { } while (0)
345 #endif
346 
347 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
348 # ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
349 #  define mutex_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 2, i)
350 # else
351 #  define mutex_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 1, i)
352 # endif
353 # define mutex_release(l, n, i)			lock_release(l, n, i)
354 #else
355 # define mutex_acquire(l, s, t, i)		do { } while (0)
356 # define mutex_release(l, n, i)			do { } while (0)
357 #endif
358 
359 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
360 # ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
361 #  define rwsem_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 2, i)
362 #  define rwsem_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)	lock_acquire(l, s, t, 1, 2, i)
363 # else
364 #  define rwsem_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 1, i)
365 #  define rwsem_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)	lock_acquire(l, s, t, 1, 1, i)
366 # endif
367 # define rwsem_release(l, n, i)			lock_release(l, n, i)
368 #else
369 # define rwsem_acquire(l, s, t, i)		do { } while (0)
370 # define rwsem_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)		do { } while (0)
371 # define rwsem_release(l, n, i)			do { } while (0)
372 #endif
373 
374 #endif /* __LINUX_LOCKDEP_H */
375