xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/key.h (revision bbb03029)
1 /* Authentication token and access key management
2  *
3  * Copyright (C) 2004, 2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4  * Written by David Howells ([email protected])
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
8  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
9  * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  *
12  * See Documentation/security/keys/core.rst for information on keys/keyrings.
13  */
14 
15 #ifndef _LINUX_KEY_H
16 #define _LINUX_KEY_H
17 
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/list.h>
20 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
21 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
22 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
23 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
24 #include <linux/atomic.h>
25 #include <linux/assoc_array.h>
26 #include <linux/refcount.h>
27 
28 #ifdef __KERNEL__
29 #include <linux/uidgid.h>
30 
31 /* key handle serial number */
32 typedef int32_t key_serial_t;
33 
34 /* key handle permissions mask */
35 typedef uint32_t key_perm_t;
36 
37 struct key;
38 
39 #ifdef CONFIG_KEYS
40 
41 #undef KEY_DEBUGGING
42 
43 #define KEY_POS_VIEW	0x01000000	/* possessor can view a key's attributes */
44 #define KEY_POS_READ	0x02000000	/* possessor can read key payload / view keyring */
45 #define KEY_POS_WRITE	0x04000000	/* possessor can update key payload / add link to keyring */
46 #define KEY_POS_SEARCH	0x08000000	/* possessor can find a key in search / search a keyring */
47 #define KEY_POS_LINK	0x10000000	/* possessor can create a link to a key/keyring */
48 #define KEY_POS_SETATTR	0x20000000	/* possessor can set key attributes */
49 #define KEY_POS_ALL	0x3f000000
50 
51 #define KEY_USR_VIEW	0x00010000	/* user permissions... */
52 #define KEY_USR_READ	0x00020000
53 #define KEY_USR_WRITE	0x00040000
54 #define KEY_USR_SEARCH	0x00080000
55 #define KEY_USR_LINK	0x00100000
56 #define KEY_USR_SETATTR	0x00200000
57 #define KEY_USR_ALL	0x003f0000
58 
59 #define KEY_GRP_VIEW	0x00000100	/* group permissions... */
60 #define KEY_GRP_READ	0x00000200
61 #define KEY_GRP_WRITE	0x00000400
62 #define KEY_GRP_SEARCH	0x00000800
63 #define KEY_GRP_LINK	0x00001000
64 #define KEY_GRP_SETATTR	0x00002000
65 #define KEY_GRP_ALL	0x00003f00
66 
67 #define KEY_OTH_VIEW	0x00000001	/* third party permissions... */
68 #define KEY_OTH_READ	0x00000002
69 #define KEY_OTH_WRITE	0x00000004
70 #define KEY_OTH_SEARCH	0x00000008
71 #define KEY_OTH_LINK	0x00000010
72 #define KEY_OTH_SETATTR	0x00000020
73 #define KEY_OTH_ALL	0x0000003f
74 
75 #define KEY_PERM_UNDEF	0xffffffff
76 
77 struct seq_file;
78 struct user_struct;
79 struct signal_struct;
80 struct cred;
81 
82 struct key_type;
83 struct key_owner;
84 struct keyring_list;
85 struct keyring_name;
86 
87 struct keyring_index_key {
88 	struct key_type		*type;
89 	const char		*description;
90 	size_t			desc_len;
91 };
92 
93 union key_payload {
94 	void __rcu		*rcu_data0;
95 	void			*data[4];
96 };
97 
98 /*****************************************************************************/
99 /*
100  * key reference with possession attribute handling
101  *
102  * NOTE! key_ref_t is a typedef'd pointer to a type that is not actually
103  * defined. This is because we abuse the bottom bit of the reference to carry a
104  * flag to indicate whether the calling process possesses that key in one of
105  * its keyrings.
106  *
107  * the key_ref_t has been made a separate type so that the compiler can reject
108  * attempts to dereference it without proper conversion.
109  *
110  * the three functions are used to assemble and disassemble references
111  */
112 typedef struct __key_reference_with_attributes *key_ref_t;
113 
114 static inline key_ref_t make_key_ref(const struct key *key,
115 				     bool possession)
116 {
117 	return (key_ref_t) ((unsigned long) key | possession);
118 }
119 
120 static inline struct key *key_ref_to_ptr(const key_ref_t key_ref)
121 {
122 	return (struct key *) ((unsigned long) key_ref & ~1UL);
123 }
124 
125 static inline bool is_key_possessed(const key_ref_t key_ref)
126 {
127 	return (unsigned long) key_ref & 1UL;
128 }
129 
130 typedef int (*key_restrict_link_func_t)(struct key *dest_keyring,
131 					const struct key_type *type,
132 					const union key_payload *payload,
133 					struct key *restriction_key);
134 
135 struct key_restriction {
136 	key_restrict_link_func_t check;
137 	struct key *key;
138 	struct key_type *keytype;
139 };
140 
141 /*****************************************************************************/
142 /*
143  * authentication token / access credential / keyring
144  * - types of key include:
145  *   - keyrings
146  *   - disk encryption IDs
147  *   - Kerberos TGTs and tickets
148  */
149 struct key {
150 	refcount_t		usage;		/* number of references */
151 	key_serial_t		serial;		/* key serial number */
152 	union {
153 		struct list_head graveyard_link;
154 		struct rb_node	serial_node;
155 	};
156 	struct rw_semaphore	sem;		/* change vs change sem */
157 	struct key_user		*user;		/* owner of this key */
158 	void			*security;	/* security data for this key */
159 	union {
160 		time_t		expiry;		/* time at which key expires (or 0) */
161 		time_t		revoked_at;	/* time at which key was revoked */
162 	};
163 	time_t			last_used_at;	/* last time used for LRU keyring discard */
164 	kuid_t			uid;
165 	kgid_t			gid;
166 	key_perm_t		perm;		/* access permissions */
167 	unsigned short		quotalen;	/* length added to quota */
168 	unsigned short		datalen;	/* payload data length
169 						 * - may not match RCU dereferenced payload
170 						 * - payload should contain own length
171 						 */
172 
173 #ifdef KEY_DEBUGGING
174 	unsigned		magic;
175 #define KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC		0x18273645u
176 #endif
177 
178 	unsigned long		flags;		/* status flags (change with bitops) */
179 #define KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED	0	/* set if key has been instantiated */
180 #define KEY_FLAG_DEAD		1	/* set if key type has been deleted */
181 #define KEY_FLAG_REVOKED	2	/* set if key had been revoked */
182 #define KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA	3	/* set if key consumes quota */
183 #define KEY_FLAG_USER_CONSTRUCT	4	/* set if key is being constructed in userspace */
184 #define KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE	5	/* set if key is negative */
185 #define KEY_FLAG_ROOT_CAN_CLEAR	6	/* set if key can be cleared by root without permission */
186 #define KEY_FLAG_INVALIDATED	7	/* set if key has been invalidated */
187 #define KEY_FLAG_BUILTIN	8	/* set if key is built in to the kernel */
188 #define KEY_FLAG_ROOT_CAN_INVAL	9	/* set if key can be invalidated by root without permission */
189 #define KEY_FLAG_KEEP		10	/* set if key should not be removed */
190 
191 	/* the key type and key description string
192 	 * - the desc is used to match a key against search criteria
193 	 * - it should be a printable string
194 	 * - eg: for krb5 AFS, this might be "[email protected]"
195 	 */
196 	union {
197 		struct keyring_index_key index_key;
198 		struct {
199 			struct key_type	*type;		/* type of key */
200 			char		*description;
201 		};
202 	};
203 
204 	/* key data
205 	 * - this is used to hold the data actually used in cryptography or
206 	 *   whatever
207 	 */
208 	union {
209 		union key_payload payload;
210 		struct {
211 			/* Keyring bits */
212 			struct list_head name_link;
213 			struct assoc_array keys;
214 		};
215 		int reject_error;
216 	};
217 
218 	/* This is set on a keyring to restrict the addition of a link to a key
219 	 * to it.  If this structure isn't provided then it is assumed that the
220 	 * keyring is open to any addition.  It is ignored for non-keyring
221 	 * keys. Only set this value using keyring_restrict(), keyring_alloc(),
222 	 * or key_alloc().
223 	 *
224 	 * This is intended for use with rings of trusted keys whereby addition
225 	 * to the keyring needs to be controlled.  KEY_ALLOC_BYPASS_RESTRICTION
226 	 * overrides this, allowing the kernel to add extra keys without
227 	 * restriction.
228 	 */
229 	struct key_restriction *restrict_link;
230 };
231 
232 extern struct key *key_alloc(struct key_type *type,
233 			     const char *desc,
234 			     kuid_t uid, kgid_t gid,
235 			     const struct cred *cred,
236 			     key_perm_t perm,
237 			     unsigned long flags,
238 			     struct key_restriction *restrict_link);
239 
240 
241 #define KEY_ALLOC_IN_QUOTA		0x0000	/* add to quota, reject if would overrun */
242 #define KEY_ALLOC_QUOTA_OVERRUN		0x0001	/* add to quota, permit even if overrun */
243 #define KEY_ALLOC_NOT_IN_QUOTA		0x0002	/* not in quota */
244 #define KEY_ALLOC_BUILT_IN		0x0004	/* Key is built into kernel */
245 #define KEY_ALLOC_BYPASS_RESTRICTION	0x0008	/* Override the check on restricted keyrings */
246 
247 extern void key_revoke(struct key *key);
248 extern void key_invalidate(struct key *key);
249 extern void key_put(struct key *key);
250 
251 static inline struct key *__key_get(struct key *key)
252 {
253 	refcount_inc(&key->usage);
254 	return key;
255 }
256 
257 static inline struct key *key_get(struct key *key)
258 {
259 	return key ? __key_get(key) : key;
260 }
261 
262 static inline void key_ref_put(key_ref_t key_ref)
263 {
264 	key_put(key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
265 }
266 
267 extern struct key *request_key(struct key_type *type,
268 			       const char *description,
269 			       const char *callout_info);
270 
271 extern struct key *request_key_with_auxdata(struct key_type *type,
272 					    const char *description,
273 					    const void *callout_info,
274 					    size_t callout_len,
275 					    void *aux);
276 
277 extern struct key *request_key_async(struct key_type *type,
278 				     const char *description,
279 				     const void *callout_info,
280 				     size_t callout_len);
281 
282 extern struct key *request_key_async_with_auxdata(struct key_type *type,
283 						  const char *description,
284 						  const void *callout_info,
285 						  size_t callout_len,
286 						  void *aux);
287 
288 extern int wait_for_key_construction(struct key *key, bool intr);
289 
290 extern int key_validate(const struct key *key);
291 
292 extern key_ref_t key_create_or_update(key_ref_t keyring,
293 				      const char *type,
294 				      const char *description,
295 				      const void *payload,
296 				      size_t plen,
297 				      key_perm_t perm,
298 				      unsigned long flags);
299 
300 extern int key_update(key_ref_t key,
301 		      const void *payload,
302 		      size_t plen);
303 
304 extern int key_link(struct key *keyring,
305 		    struct key *key);
306 
307 extern int key_unlink(struct key *keyring,
308 		      struct key *key);
309 
310 extern struct key *keyring_alloc(const char *description, kuid_t uid, kgid_t gid,
311 				 const struct cred *cred,
312 				 key_perm_t perm,
313 				 unsigned long flags,
314 				 struct key_restriction *restrict_link,
315 				 struct key *dest);
316 
317 extern int restrict_link_reject(struct key *keyring,
318 				const struct key_type *type,
319 				const union key_payload *payload,
320 				struct key *restriction_key);
321 
322 extern int keyring_clear(struct key *keyring);
323 
324 extern key_ref_t keyring_search(key_ref_t keyring,
325 				struct key_type *type,
326 				const char *description);
327 
328 extern int keyring_add_key(struct key *keyring,
329 			   struct key *key);
330 
331 extern int keyring_restrict(key_ref_t keyring, const char *type,
332 			    const char *restriction);
333 
334 extern struct key *key_lookup(key_serial_t id);
335 
336 static inline key_serial_t key_serial(const struct key *key)
337 {
338 	return key ? key->serial : 0;
339 }
340 
341 extern void key_set_timeout(struct key *, unsigned);
342 
343 /*
344  * The permissions required on a key that we're looking up.
345  */
346 #define	KEY_NEED_VIEW	0x01	/* Require permission to view attributes */
347 #define	KEY_NEED_READ	0x02	/* Require permission to read content */
348 #define	KEY_NEED_WRITE	0x04	/* Require permission to update / modify */
349 #define	KEY_NEED_SEARCH	0x08	/* Require permission to search (keyring) or find (key) */
350 #define	KEY_NEED_LINK	0x10	/* Require permission to link */
351 #define	KEY_NEED_SETATTR 0x20	/* Require permission to change attributes */
352 #define	KEY_NEED_ALL	0x3f	/* All the above permissions */
353 
354 /**
355  * key_is_instantiated - Determine if a key has been positively instantiated
356  * @key: The key to check.
357  *
358  * Return true if the specified key has been positively instantiated, false
359  * otherwise.
360  */
361 static inline bool key_is_instantiated(const struct key *key)
362 {
363 	return test_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags) &&
364 		!test_bit(KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE, &key->flags);
365 }
366 
367 #define dereference_key_rcu(KEY)					\
368 	(rcu_dereference((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0))
369 
370 #define dereference_key_locked(KEY)					\
371 	(rcu_dereference_protected((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0,		\
372 				   rwsem_is_locked(&((struct key *)(KEY))->sem)))
373 
374 #define rcu_assign_keypointer(KEY, PAYLOAD)				\
375 do {									\
376 	rcu_assign_pointer((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0, (PAYLOAD));	\
377 } while (0)
378 
379 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
380 extern struct ctl_table key_sysctls[];
381 #endif
382 /*
383  * the userspace interface
384  */
385 extern int install_thread_keyring_to_cred(struct cred *cred);
386 extern void key_fsuid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
387 extern void key_fsgid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
388 extern void key_init(void);
389 
390 #else /* CONFIG_KEYS */
391 
392 #define key_validate(k)			0
393 #define key_serial(k)			0
394 #define key_get(k) 			({ NULL; })
395 #define key_revoke(k)			do { } while(0)
396 #define key_invalidate(k)		do { } while(0)
397 #define key_put(k)			do { } while(0)
398 #define key_ref_put(k)			do { } while(0)
399 #define make_key_ref(k, p)		NULL
400 #define key_ref_to_ptr(k)		NULL
401 #define is_key_possessed(k)		0
402 #define key_fsuid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
403 #define key_fsgid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
404 #define key_init()			do { } while(0)
405 
406 #endif /* CONFIG_KEYS */
407 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
408 #endif /* _LINUX_KEY_H */
409