xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/key.h (revision bb970707)
1 /* Authentication token and access key management
2  *
3  * Copyright (C) 2004, 2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4  * Written by David Howells ([email protected])
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
8  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
9  * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  *
12  * See Documentation/security/keys.txt for information on keys/keyrings.
13  */
14 
15 #ifndef _LINUX_KEY_H
16 #define _LINUX_KEY_H
17 
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/list.h>
20 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
21 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
22 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
23 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
24 #include <linux/atomic.h>
25 #include <linux/assoc_array.h>
26 
27 #ifdef __KERNEL__
28 #include <linux/uidgid.h>
29 
30 /* key handle serial number */
31 typedef int32_t key_serial_t;
32 
33 /* key handle permissions mask */
34 typedef uint32_t key_perm_t;
35 
36 struct key;
37 
38 #ifdef CONFIG_KEYS
39 
40 #undef KEY_DEBUGGING
41 
42 #define KEY_POS_VIEW	0x01000000	/* possessor can view a key's attributes */
43 #define KEY_POS_READ	0x02000000	/* possessor can read key payload / view keyring */
44 #define KEY_POS_WRITE	0x04000000	/* possessor can update key payload / add link to keyring */
45 #define KEY_POS_SEARCH	0x08000000	/* possessor can find a key in search / search a keyring */
46 #define KEY_POS_LINK	0x10000000	/* possessor can create a link to a key/keyring */
47 #define KEY_POS_SETATTR	0x20000000	/* possessor can set key attributes */
48 #define KEY_POS_ALL	0x3f000000
49 
50 #define KEY_USR_VIEW	0x00010000	/* user permissions... */
51 #define KEY_USR_READ	0x00020000
52 #define KEY_USR_WRITE	0x00040000
53 #define KEY_USR_SEARCH	0x00080000
54 #define KEY_USR_LINK	0x00100000
55 #define KEY_USR_SETATTR	0x00200000
56 #define KEY_USR_ALL	0x003f0000
57 
58 #define KEY_GRP_VIEW	0x00000100	/* group permissions... */
59 #define KEY_GRP_READ	0x00000200
60 #define KEY_GRP_WRITE	0x00000400
61 #define KEY_GRP_SEARCH	0x00000800
62 #define KEY_GRP_LINK	0x00001000
63 #define KEY_GRP_SETATTR	0x00002000
64 #define KEY_GRP_ALL	0x00003f00
65 
66 #define KEY_OTH_VIEW	0x00000001	/* third party permissions... */
67 #define KEY_OTH_READ	0x00000002
68 #define KEY_OTH_WRITE	0x00000004
69 #define KEY_OTH_SEARCH	0x00000008
70 #define KEY_OTH_LINK	0x00000010
71 #define KEY_OTH_SETATTR	0x00000020
72 #define KEY_OTH_ALL	0x0000003f
73 
74 #define KEY_PERM_UNDEF	0xffffffff
75 
76 struct seq_file;
77 struct user_struct;
78 struct signal_struct;
79 struct cred;
80 
81 struct key_type;
82 struct key_owner;
83 struct keyring_list;
84 struct keyring_name;
85 
86 struct keyring_index_key {
87 	struct key_type		*type;
88 	const char		*description;
89 	size_t			desc_len;
90 };
91 
92 union key_payload {
93 	void __rcu		*rcu_data0;
94 	void			*data[4];
95 };
96 
97 /*****************************************************************************/
98 /*
99  * key reference with possession attribute handling
100  *
101  * NOTE! key_ref_t is a typedef'd pointer to a type that is not actually
102  * defined. This is because we abuse the bottom bit of the reference to carry a
103  * flag to indicate whether the calling process possesses that key in one of
104  * its keyrings.
105  *
106  * the key_ref_t has been made a separate type so that the compiler can reject
107  * attempts to dereference it without proper conversion.
108  *
109  * the three functions are used to assemble and disassemble references
110  */
111 typedef struct __key_reference_with_attributes *key_ref_t;
112 
113 static inline key_ref_t make_key_ref(const struct key *key,
114 				     bool possession)
115 {
116 	return (key_ref_t) ((unsigned long) key | possession);
117 }
118 
119 static inline struct key *key_ref_to_ptr(const key_ref_t key_ref)
120 {
121 	return (struct key *) ((unsigned long) key_ref & ~1UL);
122 }
123 
124 static inline bool is_key_possessed(const key_ref_t key_ref)
125 {
126 	return (unsigned long) key_ref & 1UL;
127 }
128 
129 /*****************************************************************************/
130 /*
131  * authentication token / access credential / keyring
132  * - types of key include:
133  *   - keyrings
134  *   - disk encryption IDs
135  *   - Kerberos TGTs and tickets
136  */
137 struct key {
138 	atomic_t		usage;		/* number of references */
139 	key_serial_t		serial;		/* key serial number */
140 	union {
141 		struct list_head graveyard_link;
142 		struct rb_node	serial_node;
143 	};
144 	struct rw_semaphore	sem;		/* change vs change sem */
145 	struct key_user		*user;		/* owner of this key */
146 	void			*security;	/* security data for this key */
147 	union {
148 		time_t		expiry;		/* time at which key expires (or 0) */
149 		time_t		revoked_at;	/* time at which key was revoked */
150 	};
151 	time_t			last_used_at;	/* last time used for LRU keyring discard */
152 	kuid_t			uid;
153 	kgid_t			gid;
154 	key_perm_t		perm;		/* access permissions */
155 	unsigned short		quotalen;	/* length added to quota */
156 	unsigned short		datalen;	/* payload data length
157 						 * - may not match RCU dereferenced payload
158 						 * - payload should contain own length
159 						 */
160 
161 #ifdef KEY_DEBUGGING
162 	unsigned		magic;
163 #define KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC		0x18273645u
164 #define KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC_X	0xf8e9dacbu
165 #endif
166 
167 	unsigned long		flags;		/* status flags (change with bitops) */
168 #define KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED	0	/* set if key has been instantiated */
169 #define KEY_FLAG_DEAD		1	/* set if key type has been deleted */
170 #define KEY_FLAG_REVOKED	2	/* set if key had been revoked */
171 #define KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA	3	/* set if key consumes quota */
172 #define KEY_FLAG_USER_CONSTRUCT	4	/* set if key is being constructed in userspace */
173 #define KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE	5	/* set if key is negative */
174 #define KEY_FLAG_ROOT_CAN_CLEAR	6	/* set if key can be cleared by root without permission */
175 #define KEY_FLAG_INVALIDATED	7	/* set if key has been invalidated */
176 #define KEY_FLAG_BUILTIN	8	/* set if key is built in to the kernel */
177 #define KEY_FLAG_ROOT_CAN_INVAL	9	/* set if key can be invalidated by root without permission */
178 #define KEY_FLAG_KEEP		10	/* set if key should not be removed */
179 
180 	/* the key type and key description string
181 	 * - the desc is used to match a key against search criteria
182 	 * - it should be a printable string
183 	 * - eg: for krb5 AFS, this might be "[email protected]"
184 	 */
185 	union {
186 		struct keyring_index_key index_key;
187 		struct {
188 			struct key_type	*type;		/* type of key */
189 			char		*description;
190 		};
191 	};
192 
193 	/* key data
194 	 * - this is used to hold the data actually used in cryptography or
195 	 *   whatever
196 	 */
197 	union {
198 		union key_payload payload;
199 		struct {
200 			/* Keyring bits */
201 			struct list_head name_link;
202 			struct assoc_array keys;
203 		};
204 		int reject_error;
205 	};
206 
207 	/* This is set on a keyring to restrict the addition of a link to a key
208 	 * to it.  If this method isn't provided then it is assumed that the
209 	 * keyring is open to any addition.  It is ignored for non-keyring
210 	 * keys.
211 	 *
212 	 * This is intended for use with rings of trusted keys whereby addition
213 	 * to the keyring needs to be controlled.  KEY_ALLOC_BYPASS_RESTRICTION
214 	 * overrides this, allowing the kernel to add extra keys without
215 	 * restriction.
216 	 */
217 	int (*restrict_link)(struct key *keyring,
218 			     const struct key_type *type,
219 			     const union key_payload *payload);
220 };
221 
222 extern struct key *key_alloc(struct key_type *type,
223 			     const char *desc,
224 			     kuid_t uid, kgid_t gid,
225 			     const struct cred *cred,
226 			     key_perm_t perm,
227 			     unsigned long flags,
228 			     int (*restrict_link)(struct key *,
229 						  const struct key_type *,
230 						  const union key_payload *));
231 
232 
233 #define KEY_ALLOC_IN_QUOTA		0x0000	/* add to quota, reject if would overrun */
234 #define KEY_ALLOC_QUOTA_OVERRUN		0x0001	/* add to quota, permit even if overrun */
235 #define KEY_ALLOC_NOT_IN_QUOTA		0x0002	/* not in quota */
236 #define KEY_ALLOC_BUILT_IN		0x0004	/* Key is built into kernel */
237 #define KEY_ALLOC_BYPASS_RESTRICTION	0x0008	/* Override the check on restricted keyrings */
238 
239 extern void key_revoke(struct key *key);
240 extern void key_invalidate(struct key *key);
241 extern void key_put(struct key *key);
242 
243 static inline struct key *__key_get(struct key *key)
244 {
245 	atomic_inc(&key->usage);
246 	return key;
247 }
248 
249 static inline struct key *key_get(struct key *key)
250 {
251 	return key ? __key_get(key) : key;
252 }
253 
254 static inline void key_ref_put(key_ref_t key_ref)
255 {
256 	key_put(key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
257 }
258 
259 extern struct key *request_key(struct key_type *type,
260 			       const char *description,
261 			       const char *callout_info);
262 
263 extern struct key *request_key_with_auxdata(struct key_type *type,
264 					    const char *description,
265 					    const void *callout_info,
266 					    size_t callout_len,
267 					    void *aux);
268 
269 extern struct key *request_key_async(struct key_type *type,
270 				     const char *description,
271 				     const void *callout_info,
272 				     size_t callout_len);
273 
274 extern struct key *request_key_async_with_auxdata(struct key_type *type,
275 						  const char *description,
276 						  const void *callout_info,
277 						  size_t callout_len,
278 						  void *aux);
279 
280 extern int wait_for_key_construction(struct key *key, bool intr);
281 
282 extern int key_validate(const struct key *key);
283 
284 extern key_ref_t key_create_or_update(key_ref_t keyring,
285 				      const char *type,
286 				      const char *description,
287 				      const void *payload,
288 				      size_t plen,
289 				      key_perm_t perm,
290 				      unsigned long flags);
291 
292 extern int key_update(key_ref_t key,
293 		      const void *payload,
294 		      size_t plen);
295 
296 extern int key_link(struct key *keyring,
297 		    struct key *key);
298 
299 extern int key_unlink(struct key *keyring,
300 		      struct key *key);
301 
302 extern struct key *keyring_alloc(const char *description, kuid_t uid, kgid_t gid,
303 				 const struct cred *cred,
304 				 key_perm_t perm,
305 				 unsigned long flags,
306 				 int (*restrict_link)(struct key *,
307 						      const struct key_type *,
308 						      const union key_payload *),
309 				 struct key *dest);
310 
311 extern int restrict_link_reject(struct key *keyring,
312 				const struct key_type *type,
313 				const union key_payload *payload);
314 
315 extern int keyring_clear(struct key *keyring);
316 
317 extern key_ref_t keyring_search(key_ref_t keyring,
318 				struct key_type *type,
319 				const char *description);
320 
321 extern int keyring_add_key(struct key *keyring,
322 			   struct key *key);
323 
324 extern struct key *key_lookup(key_serial_t id);
325 
326 static inline key_serial_t key_serial(const struct key *key)
327 {
328 	return key ? key->serial : 0;
329 }
330 
331 extern void key_set_timeout(struct key *, unsigned);
332 
333 /*
334  * The permissions required on a key that we're looking up.
335  */
336 #define	KEY_NEED_VIEW	0x01	/* Require permission to view attributes */
337 #define	KEY_NEED_READ	0x02	/* Require permission to read content */
338 #define	KEY_NEED_WRITE	0x04	/* Require permission to update / modify */
339 #define	KEY_NEED_SEARCH	0x08	/* Require permission to search (keyring) or find (key) */
340 #define	KEY_NEED_LINK	0x10	/* Require permission to link */
341 #define	KEY_NEED_SETATTR 0x20	/* Require permission to change attributes */
342 #define	KEY_NEED_ALL	0x3f	/* All the above permissions */
343 
344 /**
345  * key_is_instantiated - Determine if a key has been positively instantiated
346  * @key: The key to check.
347  *
348  * Return true if the specified key has been positively instantiated, false
349  * otherwise.
350  */
351 static inline bool key_is_instantiated(const struct key *key)
352 {
353 	return test_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags) &&
354 		!test_bit(KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE, &key->flags);
355 }
356 
357 #define rcu_dereference_key(KEY)					\
358 	(rcu_dereference_protected((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0,		\
359 				   rwsem_is_locked(&((struct key *)(KEY))->sem)))
360 
361 #define rcu_assign_keypointer(KEY, PAYLOAD)				\
362 do {									\
363 	rcu_assign_pointer((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0, (PAYLOAD));	\
364 } while (0)
365 
366 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
367 extern struct ctl_table key_sysctls[];
368 #endif
369 /*
370  * the userspace interface
371  */
372 extern int install_thread_keyring_to_cred(struct cred *cred);
373 extern void key_fsuid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
374 extern void key_fsgid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
375 extern void key_init(void);
376 
377 #else /* CONFIG_KEYS */
378 
379 #define key_validate(k)			0
380 #define key_serial(k)			0
381 #define key_get(k) 			({ NULL; })
382 #define key_revoke(k)			do { } while(0)
383 #define key_invalidate(k)		do { } while(0)
384 #define key_put(k)			do { } while(0)
385 #define key_ref_put(k)			do { } while(0)
386 #define make_key_ref(k, p)		NULL
387 #define key_ref_to_ptr(k)		NULL
388 #define is_key_possessed(k)		0
389 #define key_fsuid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
390 #define key_fsgid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
391 #define key_init()			do { } while(0)
392 
393 #endif /* CONFIG_KEYS */
394 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
395 #endif /* _LINUX_KEY_H */
396