xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/key.h (revision 54a8a222)
1 /* key.h: authentication token and access key management
2  *
3  * Copyright (C) 2004 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4  * Written by David Howells ([email protected])
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
8  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
9  * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  *
12  * See Documentation/keys.txt for information on keys/keyrings.
13  */
14 
15 #ifndef _LINUX_KEY_H
16 #define _LINUX_KEY_H
17 
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/list.h>
20 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
21 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
22 #include <asm/atomic.h>
23 
24 #ifdef __KERNEL__
25 
26 /* key handle serial number */
27 typedef int32_t key_serial_t;
28 
29 /* key handle permissions mask */
30 typedef uint32_t key_perm_t;
31 
32 struct key;
33 
34 #ifdef CONFIG_KEYS
35 
36 #undef KEY_DEBUGGING
37 
38 #define KEY_POS_VIEW	0x01000000	/* possessor can view a key's attributes */
39 #define KEY_POS_READ	0x02000000	/* possessor can read key payload / view keyring */
40 #define KEY_POS_WRITE	0x04000000	/* possessor can update key payload / add link to keyring */
41 #define KEY_POS_SEARCH	0x08000000	/* possessor can find a key in search / search a keyring */
42 #define KEY_POS_LINK	0x10000000	/* possessor can create a link to a key/keyring */
43 #define KEY_POS_ALL	0x1f000000
44 
45 #define KEY_USR_VIEW	0x00010000	/* user permissions... */
46 #define KEY_USR_READ	0x00020000
47 #define KEY_USR_WRITE	0x00040000
48 #define KEY_USR_SEARCH	0x00080000
49 #define KEY_USR_LINK	0x00100000
50 #define KEY_USR_ALL	0x001f0000
51 
52 #define KEY_GRP_VIEW	0x00000100	/* group permissions... */
53 #define KEY_GRP_READ	0x00000200
54 #define KEY_GRP_WRITE	0x00000400
55 #define KEY_GRP_SEARCH	0x00000800
56 #define KEY_GRP_LINK	0x00001000
57 #define KEY_GRP_ALL	0x00001f00
58 
59 #define KEY_OTH_VIEW	0x00000001	/* third party permissions... */
60 #define KEY_OTH_READ	0x00000002
61 #define KEY_OTH_WRITE	0x00000004
62 #define KEY_OTH_SEARCH	0x00000008
63 #define KEY_OTH_LINK	0x00000010
64 #define KEY_OTH_ALL	0x0000001f
65 
66 struct seq_file;
67 struct user_struct;
68 struct signal_struct;
69 
70 struct key_type;
71 struct key_owner;
72 struct keyring_list;
73 struct keyring_name;
74 
75 /*****************************************************************************/
76 /*
77  * key reference with possession attribute handling
78  *
79  * NOTE! key_ref_t is a typedef'd pointer to a type that is not actually
80  * defined. This is because we abuse the bottom bit of the reference to carry a
81  * flag to indicate whether the calling process possesses that key in one of
82  * its keyrings.
83  *
84  * the key_ref_t has been made a separate type so that the compiler can reject
85  * attempts to dereference it without proper conversion.
86  *
87  * the three functions are used to assemble and disassemble references
88  */
89 typedef struct __key_reference_with_attributes *key_ref_t;
90 
91 static inline key_ref_t make_key_ref(const struct key *key,
92 				     unsigned long possession)
93 {
94 	return (key_ref_t) ((unsigned long) key | possession);
95 }
96 
97 static inline struct key *key_ref_to_ptr(const key_ref_t key_ref)
98 {
99 	return (struct key *) ((unsigned long) key_ref & ~1UL);
100 }
101 
102 static inline unsigned long is_key_possessed(const key_ref_t key_ref)
103 {
104 	return (unsigned long) key_ref & 1UL;
105 }
106 
107 /*****************************************************************************/
108 /*
109  * authentication token / access credential / keyring
110  * - types of key include:
111  *   - keyrings
112  *   - disk encryption IDs
113  *   - Kerberos TGTs and tickets
114  */
115 struct key {
116 	atomic_t		usage;		/* number of references */
117 	key_serial_t		serial;		/* key serial number */
118 	struct rb_node		serial_node;
119 	struct key_type		*type;		/* type of key */
120 	struct rw_semaphore	sem;		/* change vs change sem */
121 	struct key_user		*user;		/* owner of this key */
122 	time_t			expiry;		/* time at which key expires (or 0) */
123 	uid_t			uid;
124 	gid_t			gid;
125 	key_perm_t		perm;		/* access permissions */
126 	unsigned short		quotalen;	/* length added to quota */
127 	unsigned short		datalen;	/* payload data length
128 						 * - may not match RCU dereferenced payload
129 						 * - payload should contain own length
130 						 */
131 
132 #ifdef KEY_DEBUGGING
133 	unsigned		magic;
134 #define KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC		0x18273645u
135 #define KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC_X	0xf8e9dacbu
136 #endif
137 
138 	unsigned long		flags;		/* status flags (change with bitops) */
139 #define KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED	0	/* set if key has been instantiated */
140 #define KEY_FLAG_DEAD		1	/* set if key type has been deleted */
141 #define KEY_FLAG_REVOKED	2	/* set if key had been revoked */
142 #define KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA	3	/* set if key consumes quota */
143 #define KEY_FLAG_USER_CONSTRUCT	4	/* set if key is being constructed in userspace */
144 #define KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE	5	/* set if key is negative */
145 
146 	/* the description string
147 	 * - this is used to match a key against search criteria
148 	 * - this should be a printable string
149 	 * - eg: for krb5 AFS, this might be "[email protected]"
150 	 */
151 	char			*description;
152 
153 	/* type specific data
154 	 * - this is used by the keyring type to index the name
155 	 */
156 	union {
157 		struct list_head	link;
158 	} type_data;
159 
160 	/* key data
161 	 * - this is used to hold the data actually used in cryptography or
162 	 *   whatever
163 	 */
164 	union {
165 		unsigned long		value;
166 		void			*data;
167 		struct keyring_list	*subscriptions;
168 	} payload;
169 };
170 
171 /*****************************************************************************/
172 /*
173  * kernel managed key type definition
174  */
175 struct key_type {
176 	/* name of the type */
177 	const char *name;
178 
179 	/* default payload length for quota precalculation (optional)
180 	 * - this can be used instead of calling key_payload_reserve(), that
181 	 *   function only needs to be called if the real datalen is different
182 	 */
183 	size_t def_datalen;
184 
185 	/* instantiate a key of this type
186 	 * - this method should call key_payload_reserve() to determine if the
187 	 *   user's quota will hold the payload
188 	 */
189 	int (*instantiate)(struct key *key, const void *data, size_t datalen);
190 
191 	/* duplicate a key of this type (optional)
192 	 * - the source key will be locked against change
193 	 * - the new description will be attached
194 	 * - the quota will have been adjusted automatically from
195 	 *   source->quotalen
196 	 */
197 	int (*duplicate)(struct key *key, const struct key *source);
198 
199 	/* update a key of this type (optional)
200 	 * - this method should call key_payload_reserve() to recalculate the
201 	 *   quota consumption
202 	 * - the key must be locked against read when modifying
203 	 */
204 	int (*update)(struct key *key, const void *data, size_t datalen);
205 
206 	/* match a key against a description */
207 	int (*match)(const struct key *key, const void *desc);
208 
209 	/* clear the data from a key (optional) */
210 	void (*destroy)(struct key *key);
211 
212 	/* describe a key */
213 	void (*describe)(const struct key *key, struct seq_file *p);
214 
215 	/* read a key's data (optional)
216 	 * - permission checks will be done by the caller
217 	 * - the key's semaphore will be readlocked by the caller
218 	 * - should return the amount of data that could be read, no matter how
219 	 *   much is copied into the buffer
220 	 * - shouldn't do the copy if the buffer is NULL
221 	 */
222 	long (*read)(const struct key *key, char __user *buffer, size_t buflen);
223 
224 	/* internal fields */
225 	struct list_head	link;		/* link in types list */
226 };
227 
228 extern struct key_type key_type_keyring;
229 
230 extern int register_key_type(struct key_type *ktype);
231 extern void unregister_key_type(struct key_type *ktype);
232 
233 extern struct key *key_alloc(struct key_type *type,
234 			     const char *desc,
235 			     uid_t uid, gid_t gid, key_perm_t perm,
236 			     int not_in_quota);
237 extern int key_payload_reserve(struct key *key, size_t datalen);
238 extern int key_instantiate_and_link(struct key *key,
239 				    const void *data,
240 				    size_t datalen,
241 				    struct key *keyring,
242 				    struct key *instkey);
243 extern int key_negate_and_link(struct key *key,
244 			       unsigned timeout,
245 			       struct key *keyring,
246 			       struct key *instkey);
247 extern void key_revoke(struct key *key);
248 extern void key_put(struct key *key);
249 
250 static inline struct key *key_get(struct key *key)
251 {
252 	if (key)
253 		atomic_inc(&key->usage);
254 	return key;
255 }
256 
257 static inline void key_ref_put(key_ref_t key_ref)
258 {
259 	key_put(key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
260 }
261 
262 extern struct key *request_key(struct key_type *type,
263 			       const char *description,
264 			       const char *callout_info);
265 
266 extern int key_validate(struct key *key);
267 
268 extern key_ref_t key_create_or_update(key_ref_t keyring,
269 				      const char *type,
270 				      const char *description,
271 				      const void *payload,
272 				      size_t plen,
273 				      int not_in_quota);
274 
275 extern int key_update(key_ref_t key,
276 		      const void *payload,
277 		      size_t plen);
278 
279 extern int key_link(struct key *keyring,
280 		    struct key *key);
281 
282 extern int key_unlink(struct key *keyring,
283 		      struct key *key);
284 
285 extern struct key *keyring_alloc(const char *description, uid_t uid, gid_t gid,
286 				 int not_in_quota, struct key *dest);
287 
288 extern int keyring_clear(struct key *keyring);
289 
290 extern key_ref_t keyring_search(key_ref_t keyring,
291 				struct key_type *type,
292 				const char *description);
293 
294 extern int keyring_add_key(struct key *keyring,
295 			   struct key *key);
296 
297 extern struct key *key_lookup(key_serial_t id);
298 
299 extern void keyring_replace_payload(struct key *key, void *replacement);
300 
301 #define key_serial(key) ((key) ? (key)->serial : 0)
302 
303 /*
304  * the userspace interface
305  */
306 extern struct key root_user_keyring, root_session_keyring;
307 extern int alloc_uid_keyring(struct user_struct *user);
308 extern void switch_uid_keyring(struct user_struct *new_user);
309 extern int copy_keys(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk);
310 extern int copy_thread_group_keys(struct task_struct *tsk);
311 extern void exit_keys(struct task_struct *tsk);
312 extern void exit_thread_group_keys(struct signal_struct *tg);
313 extern int suid_keys(struct task_struct *tsk);
314 extern int exec_keys(struct task_struct *tsk);
315 extern void key_fsuid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
316 extern void key_fsgid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
317 extern void key_init(void);
318 
319 #define __install_session_keyring(tsk, keyring)			\
320 ({								\
321 	struct key *old_session = tsk->signal->session_keyring;	\
322 	tsk->signal->session_keyring = keyring;			\
323 	old_session;						\
324 })
325 
326 #else /* CONFIG_KEYS */
327 
328 #define key_validate(k)			0
329 #define key_serial(k)			0
330 #define key_get(k) 			({ NULL; })
331 #define key_put(k)			do { } while(0)
332 #define key_ref_put(k)			do { } while(0)
333 #define make_key_ref(k)			({ NULL; })
334 #define key_ref_to_ptr(k)		({ NULL; })
335 #define is_key_possessed(k)		0
336 #define alloc_uid_keyring(u)		0
337 #define switch_uid_keyring(u)		do { } while(0)
338 #define __install_session_keyring(t, k)	({ NULL; })
339 #define copy_keys(f,t)			0
340 #define copy_thread_group_keys(t)	0
341 #define exit_keys(t)			do { } while(0)
342 #define exit_thread_group_keys(tg)	do { } while(0)
343 #define suid_keys(t)			do { } while(0)
344 #define exec_keys(t)			do { } while(0)
345 #define key_fsuid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
346 #define key_fsgid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
347 #define key_init()			do { } while(0)
348 
349 #endif /* CONFIG_KEYS */
350 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
351 #endif /* _LINUX_KEY_H */
352