xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/key.h (revision 4e57b681)
1 /* key.h: authentication token and access key management
2  *
3  * Copyright (C) 2004 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4  * Written by David Howells ([email protected])
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
8  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
9  * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  *
12  * See Documentation/keys.txt for information on keys/keyrings.
13  */
14 
15 #ifndef _LINUX_KEY_H
16 #define _LINUX_KEY_H
17 
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/list.h>
20 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
21 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
22 #include <asm/atomic.h>
23 
24 #ifdef __KERNEL__
25 
26 /* key handle serial number */
27 typedef int32_t key_serial_t;
28 
29 /* key handle permissions mask */
30 typedef uint32_t key_perm_t;
31 
32 struct key;
33 
34 #ifdef CONFIG_KEYS
35 
36 #undef KEY_DEBUGGING
37 
38 #define KEY_POS_VIEW	0x01000000	/* possessor can view a key's attributes */
39 #define KEY_POS_READ	0x02000000	/* possessor can read key payload / view keyring */
40 #define KEY_POS_WRITE	0x04000000	/* possessor can update key payload / add link to keyring */
41 #define KEY_POS_SEARCH	0x08000000	/* possessor can find a key in search / search a keyring */
42 #define KEY_POS_LINK	0x10000000	/* possessor can create a link to a key/keyring */
43 #define KEY_POS_SETATTR	0x20000000	/* possessor can set key attributes */
44 #define KEY_POS_ALL	0x3f000000
45 
46 #define KEY_USR_VIEW	0x00010000	/* user permissions... */
47 #define KEY_USR_READ	0x00020000
48 #define KEY_USR_WRITE	0x00040000
49 #define KEY_USR_SEARCH	0x00080000
50 #define KEY_USR_LINK	0x00100000
51 #define KEY_USR_SETATTR	0x00200000
52 #define KEY_USR_ALL	0x003f0000
53 
54 #define KEY_GRP_VIEW	0x00000100	/* group permissions... */
55 #define KEY_GRP_READ	0x00000200
56 #define KEY_GRP_WRITE	0x00000400
57 #define KEY_GRP_SEARCH	0x00000800
58 #define KEY_GRP_LINK	0x00001000
59 #define KEY_GRP_SETATTR	0x00002000
60 #define KEY_GRP_ALL	0x00003f00
61 
62 #define KEY_OTH_VIEW	0x00000001	/* third party permissions... */
63 #define KEY_OTH_READ	0x00000002
64 #define KEY_OTH_WRITE	0x00000004
65 #define KEY_OTH_SEARCH	0x00000008
66 #define KEY_OTH_LINK	0x00000010
67 #define KEY_OTH_SETATTR	0x00000020
68 #define KEY_OTH_ALL	0x0000003f
69 
70 struct seq_file;
71 struct user_struct;
72 struct signal_struct;
73 
74 struct key_type;
75 struct key_owner;
76 struct keyring_list;
77 struct keyring_name;
78 
79 /*****************************************************************************/
80 /*
81  * key reference with possession attribute handling
82  *
83  * NOTE! key_ref_t is a typedef'd pointer to a type that is not actually
84  * defined. This is because we abuse the bottom bit of the reference to carry a
85  * flag to indicate whether the calling process possesses that key in one of
86  * its keyrings.
87  *
88  * the key_ref_t has been made a separate type so that the compiler can reject
89  * attempts to dereference it without proper conversion.
90  *
91  * the three functions are used to assemble and disassemble references
92  */
93 typedef struct __key_reference_with_attributes *key_ref_t;
94 
95 static inline key_ref_t make_key_ref(const struct key *key,
96 				     unsigned long possession)
97 {
98 	return (key_ref_t) ((unsigned long) key | possession);
99 }
100 
101 static inline struct key *key_ref_to_ptr(const key_ref_t key_ref)
102 {
103 	return (struct key *) ((unsigned long) key_ref & ~1UL);
104 }
105 
106 static inline unsigned long is_key_possessed(const key_ref_t key_ref)
107 {
108 	return (unsigned long) key_ref & 1UL;
109 }
110 
111 /*****************************************************************************/
112 /*
113  * authentication token / access credential / keyring
114  * - types of key include:
115  *   - keyrings
116  *   - disk encryption IDs
117  *   - Kerberos TGTs and tickets
118  */
119 struct key {
120 	atomic_t		usage;		/* number of references */
121 	key_serial_t		serial;		/* key serial number */
122 	struct rb_node		serial_node;
123 	struct key_type		*type;		/* type of key */
124 	struct rw_semaphore	sem;		/* change vs change sem */
125 	struct key_user		*user;		/* owner of this key */
126 	void			*security;	/* security data for this key */
127 	time_t			expiry;		/* time at which key expires (or 0) */
128 	uid_t			uid;
129 	gid_t			gid;
130 	key_perm_t		perm;		/* access permissions */
131 	unsigned short		quotalen;	/* length added to quota */
132 	unsigned short		datalen;	/* payload data length
133 						 * - may not match RCU dereferenced payload
134 						 * - payload should contain own length
135 						 */
136 
137 #ifdef KEY_DEBUGGING
138 	unsigned		magic;
139 #define KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC		0x18273645u
140 #define KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC_X	0xf8e9dacbu
141 #endif
142 
143 	unsigned long		flags;		/* status flags (change with bitops) */
144 #define KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED	0	/* set if key has been instantiated */
145 #define KEY_FLAG_DEAD		1	/* set if key type has been deleted */
146 #define KEY_FLAG_REVOKED	2	/* set if key had been revoked */
147 #define KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA	3	/* set if key consumes quota */
148 #define KEY_FLAG_USER_CONSTRUCT	4	/* set if key is being constructed in userspace */
149 #define KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE	5	/* set if key is negative */
150 
151 	/* the description string
152 	 * - this is used to match a key against search criteria
153 	 * - this should be a printable string
154 	 * - eg: for krb5 AFS, this might be "[email protected]"
155 	 */
156 	char			*description;
157 
158 	/* type specific data
159 	 * - this is used by the keyring type to index the name
160 	 */
161 	union {
162 		struct list_head	link;
163 	} type_data;
164 
165 	/* key data
166 	 * - this is used to hold the data actually used in cryptography or
167 	 *   whatever
168 	 */
169 	union {
170 		unsigned long		value;
171 		void			*data;
172 		struct keyring_list	*subscriptions;
173 	} payload;
174 };
175 
176 /*****************************************************************************/
177 /*
178  * kernel managed key type definition
179  */
180 struct key_type {
181 	/* name of the type */
182 	const char *name;
183 
184 	/* default payload length for quota precalculation (optional)
185 	 * - this can be used instead of calling key_payload_reserve(), that
186 	 *   function only needs to be called if the real datalen is different
187 	 */
188 	size_t def_datalen;
189 
190 	/* instantiate a key of this type
191 	 * - this method should call key_payload_reserve() to determine if the
192 	 *   user's quota will hold the payload
193 	 */
194 	int (*instantiate)(struct key *key, const void *data, size_t datalen);
195 
196 	/* duplicate a key of this type (optional)
197 	 * - the source key will be locked against change
198 	 * - the new description will be attached
199 	 * - the quota will have been adjusted automatically from
200 	 *   source->quotalen
201 	 */
202 	int (*duplicate)(struct key *key, const struct key *source);
203 
204 	/* update a key of this type (optional)
205 	 * - this method should call key_payload_reserve() to recalculate the
206 	 *   quota consumption
207 	 * - the key must be locked against read when modifying
208 	 */
209 	int (*update)(struct key *key, const void *data, size_t datalen);
210 
211 	/* match a key against a description */
212 	int (*match)(const struct key *key, const void *desc);
213 
214 	/* clear the data from a key (optional) */
215 	void (*destroy)(struct key *key);
216 
217 	/* describe a key */
218 	void (*describe)(const struct key *key, struct seq_file *p);
219 
220 	/* read a key's data (optional)
221 	 * - permission checks will be done by the caller
222 	 * - the key's semaphore will be readlocked by the caller
223 	 * - should return the amount of data that could be read, no matter how
224 	 *   much is copied into the buffer
225 	 * - shouldn't do the copy if the buffer is NULL
226 	 */
227 	long (*read)(const struct key *key, char __user *buffer, size_t buflen);
228 
229 	/* internal fields */
230 	struct list_head	link;		/* link in types list */
231 };
232 
233 extern struct key_type key_type_keyring;
234 
235 extern int register_key_type(struct key_type *ktype);
236 extern void unregister_key_type(struct key_type *ktype);
237 
238 extern struct key *key_alloc(struct key_type *type,
239 			     const char *desc,
240 			     uid_t uid, gid_t gid, key_perm_t perm,
241 			     int not_in_quota);
242 extern int key_payload_reserve(struct key *key, size_t datalen);
243 extern int key_instantiate_and_link(struct key *key,
244 				    const void *data,
245 				    size_t datalen,
246 				    struct key *keyring,
247 				    struct key *instkey);
248 extern int key_negate_and_link(struct key *key,
249 			       unsigned timeout,
250 			       struct key *keyring,
251 			       struct key *instkey);
252 extern void key_revoke(struct key *key);
253 extern void key_put(struct key *key);
254 
255 static inline struct key *key_get(struct key *key)
256 {
257 	if (key)
258 		atomic_inc(&key->usage);
259 	return key;
260 }
261 
262 static inline void key_ref_put(key_ref_t key_ref)
263 {
264 	key_put(key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
265 }
266 
267 extern struct key *request_key(struct key_type *type,
268 			       const char *description,
269 			       const char *callout_info);
270 
271 extern int key_validate(struct key *key);
272 
273 extern key_ref_t key_create_or_update(key_ref_t keyring,
274 				      const char *type,
275 				      const char *description,
276 				      const void *payload,
277 				      size_t plen,
278 				      int not_in_quota);
279 
280 extern int key_update(key_ref_t key,
281 		      const void *payload,
282 		      size_t plen);
283 
284 extern int key_link(struct key *keyring,
285 		    struct key *key);
286 
287 extern int key_unlink(struct key *keyring,
288 		      struct key *key);
289 
290 extern struct key *keyring_alloc(const char *description, uid_t uid, gid_t gid,
291 				 int not_in_quota, struct key *dest);
292 
293 extern int keyring_clear(struct key *keyring);
294 
295 extern key_ref_t keyring_search(key_ref_t keyring,
296 				struct key_type *type,
297 				const char *description);
298 
299 extern int keyring_add_key(struct key *keyring,
300 			   struct key *key);
301 
302 extern struct key *key_lookup(key_serial_t id);
303 
304 extern void keyring_replace_payload(struct key *key, void *replacement);
305 
306 #define key_serial(key) ((key) ? (key)->serial : 0)
307 
308 /*
309  * the userspace interface
310  */
311 extern struct key root_user_keyring, root_session_keyring;
312 extern int alloc_uid_keyring(struct user_struct *user);
313 extern void switch_uid_keyring(struct user_struct *new_user);
314 extern int copy_keys(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk);
315 extern int copy_thread_group_keys(struct task_struct *tsk);
316 extern void exit_keys(struct task_struct *tsk);
317 extern void exit_thread_group_keys(struct signal_struct *tg);
318 extern int suid_keys(struct task_struct *tsk);
319 extern int exec_keys(struct task_struct *tsk);
320 extern void key_fsuid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
321 extern void key_fsgid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
322 extern void key_init(void);
323 
324 #define __install_session_keyring(tsk, keyring)			\
325 ({								\
326 	struct key *old_session = tsk->signal->session_keyring;	\
327 	tsk->signal->session_keyring = keyring;			\
328 	old_session;						\
329 })
330 
331 #else /* CONFIG_KEYS */
332 
333 #define key_validate(k)			0
334 #define key_serial(k)			0
335 #define key_get(k) 			({ NULL; })
336 #define key_put(k)			do { } while(0)
337 #define key_ref_put(k)			do { } while(0)
338 #define make_key_ref(k)			({ NULL; })
339 #define key_ref_to_ptr(k)		({ NULL; })
340 #define is_key_possessed(k)		0
341 #define alloc_uid_keyring(u)		0
342 #define switch_uid_keyring(u)		do { } while(0)
343 #define __install_session_keyring(t, k)	({ NULL; })
344 #define copy_keys(f,t)			0
345 #define copy_thread_group_keys(t)	0
346 #define exit_keys(t)			do { } while(0)
347 #define exit_thread_group_keys(tg)	do { } while(0)
348 #define suid_keys(t)			do { } while(0)
349 #define exec_keys(t)			do { } while(0)
350 #define key_fsuid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
351 #define key_fsgid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
352 #define key_init()			do { } while(0)
353 
354 #endif /* CONFIG_KEYS */
355 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
356 #endif /* _LINUX_KEY_H */
357