xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/jump_label.h (revision 4e3d6065)
1 #ifndef _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H
2 #define _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H
3 
4 /*
5  * Jump label support
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Jason Baron <[email protected]>
8  * Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
9  *
10  * DEPRECATED API:
11  *
12  * The use of 'struct static_key' directly, is now DEPRECATED. In addition
13  * static_key_{true,false}() is also DEPRECATED. IE DO NOT use the following:
14  *
15  * struct static_key false = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE;
16  * struct static_key true = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE;
17  * static_key_true()
18  * static_key_false()
19  *
20  * The updated API replacements are:
21  *
22  * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(key);
23  * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(key);
24  * static_key_likely()
25  * statick_key_unlikely()
26  *
27  * Jump labels provide an interface to generate dynamic branches using
28  * self-modifying code. Assuming toolchain and architecture support, if we
29  * define a "key" that is initially false via "DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(key)",
30  * an "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))" statement is an unconditional branch
31  * (which defaults to false - and the true block is placed out of line).
32  * Similarly, we can define an initially true key via
33  * "DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(key)", and use it in the same
34  * "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))", in which case we will generate an
35  * unconditional branch to the out-of-line true branch. Keys that are
36  * initially true or false can be using in both static_branch_unlikely()
37  * and static_branch_likely() statements.
38  *
39  * At runtime we can change the branch target by setting the key
40  * to true via a call to static_branch_enable(), or false using
41  * static_branch_disable(). If the direction of the branch is switched by
42  * these calls then we run-time modify the branch target via a
43  * no-op -> jump or jump -> no-op conversion. For example, for an
44  * initially false key that is used in an "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))"
45  * statement, setting the key to true requires us to patch in a jump
46  * to the out-of-line of true branch.
47  *
48  * In addtion to static_branch_{enable,disable}, we can also reference count
49  * the key or branch direction via static_branch_{inc,dec}. Thus,
50  * static_branch_inc() can be thought of as a 'make more true' and
51  * static_branch_dec() as a 'make more false'. The inc()/dec()
52  * interface is meant to be used exclusively from the inc()/dec() for a given
53  * key.
54  *
55  * Since this relies on modifying code, the branch modifying functions
56  * must be considered absolute slow paths (machine wide synchronization etc.).
57  * OTOH, since the affected branches are unconditional, their runtime overhead
58  * will be absolutely minimal, esp. in the default (off) case where the total
59  * effect is a single NOP of appropriate size. The on case will patch in a jump
60  * to the out-of-line block.
61  *
62  * When the control is directly exposed to userspace, it is prudent to delay the
63  * decrement to avoid high frequency code modifications which can (and do)
64  * cause significant performance degradation. Struct static_key_deferred and
65  * static_key_slow_dec_deferred() provide for this.
66  *
67  * Lacking toolchain and or architecture support, static keys fall back to a
68  * simple conditional branch.
69  *
70  * Additional babbling in: Documentation/static-keys.txt
71  */
72 
73 #if defined(CC_HAVE_ASM_GOTO) && defined(CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL)
74 # define HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
75 #endif
76 
77 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
78 
79 #include <linux/types.h>
80 #include <linux/compiler.h>
81 #include <linux/bug.h>
82 
83 extern bool static_key_initialized;
84 
85 #define STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE() WARN(!static_key_initialized,		      \
86 				    "%s used before call to jump_label_init", \
87 				    __func__)
88 
89 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
90 
91 struct static_key {
92 	atomic_t enabled;
93 /* Set lsb bit to 1 if branch is default true, 0 ot */
94 	struct jump_entry *entries;
95 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
96 	struct static_key_mod *next;
97 #endif
98 };
99 
100 #else
101 struct static_key {
102 	atomic_t enabled;
103 };
104 #endif	/* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
105 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
106 
107 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
108 #include <asm/jump_label.h>
109 #endif
110 
111 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
112 
113 enum jump_label_type {
114 	JUMP_LABEL_NOP = 0,
115 	JUMP_LABEL_JMP,
116 };
117 
118 struct module;
119 
120 #include <linux/atomic.h>
121 
122 static inline int static_key_count(struct static_key *key)
123 {
124 	return atomic_read(&key->enabled);
125 }
126 
127 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
128 
129 #define JUMP_TYPE_FALSE	0UL
130 #define JUMP_TYPE_TRUE	1UL
131 #define JUMP_TYPE_MASK	1UL
132 
133 static __always_inline bool static_key_false(struct static_key *key)
134 {
135 	return arch_static_branch(key, false);
136 }
137 
138 static __always_inline bool static_key_true(struct static_key *key)
139 {
140 	return !arch_static_branch(key, true);
141 }
142 
143 extern struct jump_entry __start___jump_table[];
144 extern struct jump_entry __stop___jump_table[];
145 
146 extern void jump_label_init(void);
147 extern void jump_label_lock(void);
148 extern void jump_label_unlock(void);
149 extern void arch_jump_label_transform(struct jump_entry *entry,
150 				      enum jump_label_type type);
151 extern void arch_jump_label_transform_static(struct jump_entry *entry,
152 					     enum jump_label_type type);
153 extern int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
154 extern void static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key *key);
155 extern void static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key);
156 extern void jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod);
157 
158 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE					\
159 	{ .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(1),				\
160 	  .entries = (void *)JUMP_TYPE_TRUE }
161 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE					\
162 	{ .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(0),				\
163 	  .entries = (void *)JUMP_TYPE_FALSE }
164 
165 #else  /* !HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
166 
167 static __always_inline void jump_label_init(void)
168 {
169 	static_key_initialized = true;
170 }
171 
172 static __always_inline bool static_key_false(struct static_key *key)
173 {
174 	if (unlikely(static_key_count(key) > 0))
175 		return true;
176 	return false;
177 }
178 
179 static __always_inline bool static_key_true(struct static_key *key)
180 {
181 	if (likely(static_key_count(key) > 0))
182 		return true;
183 	return false;
184 }
185 
186 static inline void static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key *key)
187 {
188 	STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
189 	atomic_inc(&key->enabled);
190 }
191 
192 static inline void static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key)
193 {
194 	STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
195 	atomic_dec(&key->enabled);
196 }
197 
198 static inline int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
199 {
200 	return 0;
201 }
202 
203 static inline void jump_label_lock(void) {}
204 static inline void jump_label_unlock(void) {}
205 
206 static inline int jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod)
207 {
208 	return 0;
209 }
210 
211 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE	{ .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(1) }
212 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE	{ .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(0) }
213 
214 #endif	/* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
215 
216 #define STATIC_KEY_INIT STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE
217 #define jump_label_enabled static_key_enabled
218 
219 static inline bool static_key_enabled(struct static_key *key)
220 {
221 	return static_key_count(key) > 0;
222 }
223 
224 static inline void static_key_enable(struct static_key *key)
225 {
226 	int count = static_key_count(key);
227 
228 	WARN_ON_ONCE(count < 0 || count > 1);
229 
230 	if (!count)
231 		static_key_slow_inc(key);
232 }
233 
234 static inline void static_key_disable(struct static_key *key)
235 {
236 	int count = static_key_count(key);
237 
238 	WARN_ON_ONCE(count < 0 || count > 1);
239 
240 	if (count)
241 		static_key_slow_dec(key);
242 }
243 
244 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
245 
246 /*
247  * Two type wrappers around static_key, such that we can use compile time
248  * type differentiation to emit the right code.
249  *
250  * All the below code is macros in order to play type games.
251  */
252 
253 struct static_key_true {
254 	struct static_key key;
255 };
256 
257 struct static_key_false {
258 	struct static_key key;
259 };
260 
261 #define STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT  (struct static_key_true) { .key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE,  }
262 #define STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT (struct static_key_false){ .key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE, }
263 
264 #define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(name)	\
265 	struct static_key_true name = STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT
266 
267 #define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(name)	\
268 	struct static_key_false name = STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT
269 
270 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
271 
272 /*
273  * Combine the right initial value (type) with the right branch order
274  * to generate the desired result.
275  *
276  *
277  * type\branch|	likely (1)	      |	unlikely (0)
278  * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
279  *            |                       |
280  *  true (1)  |	   ...		      |	   ...
281  *            |    NOP		      |	   JMP L
282  *            |    <br-stmts>	      |	1: ...
283  *            |	L: ...		      |
284  *            |			      |
285  *            |			      |	L: <br-stmts>
286  *            |			      |	   jmp 1b
287  *            |                       |
288  * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
289  *            |                       |
290  *  false (0) |	   ...		      |	   ...
291  *            |    JMP L	      |	   NOP
292  *            |    <br-stmts>	      |	1: ...
293  *            |	L: ...		      |
294  *            |			      |
295  *            |			      |	L: <br-stmts>
296  *            |			      |	   jmp 1b
297  *            |                       |
298  * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
299  *
300  * The initial value is encoded in the LSB of static_key::entries,
301  * type: 0 = false, 1 = true.
302  *
303  * The branch type is encoded in the LSB of jump_entry::key,
304  * branch: 0 = unlikely, 1 = likely.
305  *
306  * This gives the following logic table:
307  *
308  *	enabled	type	branch	  instuction
309  * -----------------------------+-----------
310  *	0	0	0	| NOP
311  *	0	0	1	| JMP
312  *	0	1	0	| NOP
313  *	0	1	1	| JMP
314  *
315  *	1	0	0	| JMP
316  *	1	0	1	| NOP
317  *	1	1	0	| JMP
318  *	1	1	1	| NOP
319  *
320  * Which gives the following functions:
321  *
322  *   dynamic: instruction = enabled ^ branch
323  *   static:  instruction = type ^ branch
324  *
325  * See jump_label_type() / jump_label_init_type().
326  */
327 
328 extern bool ____wrong_branch_error(void);
329 
330 #define static_branch_likely(x)							\
331 ({										\
332 	bool branch;								\
333 	if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true))	\
334 		branch = !arch_static_branch(&(x)->key, true);			\
335 	else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
336 		branch = !arch_static_branch_jump(&(x)->key, true);		\
337 	else									\
338 		branch = ____wrong_branch_error();				\
339 	branch;									\
340 })
341 
342 #define static_branch_unlikely(x)						\
343 ({										\
344 	bool branch;								\
345 	if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true))	\
346 		branch = arch_static_branch_jump(&(x)->key, false);		\
347 	else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
348 		branch = arch_static_branch(&(x)->key, false);			\
349 	else									\
350 		branch = ____wrong_branch_error();				\
351 	branch;									\
352 })
353 
354 #else /* !HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
355 
356 #define static_branch_likely(x)		likely(static_key_enabled(&(x)->key))
357 #define static_branch_unlikely(x)	unlikely(static_key_enabled(&(x)->key))
358 
359 #endif /* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
360 
361 /*
362  * Advanced usage; refcount, branch is enabled when: count != 0
363  */
364 
365 #define static_branch_inc(x)		static_key_slow_inc(&(x)->key)
366 #define static_branch_dec(x)		static_key_slow_dec(&(x)->key)
367 
368 /*
369  * Normal usage; boolean enable/disable.
370  */
371 
372 #define static_branch_enable(x)		static_key_enable(&(x)->key)
373 #define static_branch_disable(x)	static_key_disable(&(x)->key)
374 
375 #endif	/* _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H */
376 
377 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
378