xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/init.h (revision 7a7127aa)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _LINUX_INIT_H
3 #define _LINUX_INIT_H
4 
5 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
6 #include <linux/compiler.h>
7 #include <linux/stringify.h>
8 #include <linux/types.h>
9 
10 /* Built-in __init functions needn't be compiled with retpoline */
11 #if defined(__noretpoline) && !defined(MODULE)
12 #define __noinitretpoline __noretpoline
13 #else
14 #define __noinitretpoline
15 #endif
16 
17 /* These macros are used to mark some functions or
18  * initialized data (doesn't apply to uninitialized data)
19  * as `initialization' functions. The kernel can take this
20  * as hint that the function is used only during the initialization
21  * phase and free up used memory resources after
22  *
23  * Usage:
24  * For functions:
25  *
26  * You should add __init immediately before the function name, like:
27  *
28  * static void __init initme(int x, int y)
29  * {
30  *    extern int z; z = x * y;
31  * }
32  *
33  * If the function has a prototype somewhere, you can also add
34  * __init between closing brace of the prototype and semicolon:
35  *
36  * extern int initialize_foobar_device(int, int, int) __init;
37  *
38  * For initialized data:
39  * You should insert __initdata or __initconst between the variable name
40  * and equal sign followed by value, e.g.:
41  *
42  * static int init_variable __initdata = 0;
43  * static const char linux_logo[] __initconst = { 0x32, 0x36, ... };
44  *
45  * Don't forget to initialize data not at file scope, i.e. within a function,
46  * as gcc otherwise puts the data into the bss section and not into the init
47  * section.
48  */
49 
50 /* These are for everybody (although not all archs will actually
51    discard it in modules) */
52 #define __init		__section(".init.text") __cold  __latent_entropy __noinitretpoline
53 #define __initdata	__section(".init.data")
54 #define __initconst	__section(".init.rodata")
55 #define __exitdata	__section(".exit.data")
56 #define __exit_call	__used __section(".exitcall.exit")
57 
58 /*
59  * modpost check for section mismatches during the kernel build.
60  * A section mismatch happens when there are references from a
61  * code or data section to an init section (both code or data).
62  * The init sections are (for most archs) discarded by the kernel
63  * when early init has completed so all such references are potential bugs.
64  * For exit sections the same issue exists.
65  *
66  * The following markers are used for the cases where the reference to
67  * the *init / *exit section (code or data) is valid and will teach
68  * modpost not to issue a warning.  Intended semantics is that a code or
69  * data tagged __ref* can reference code or data from init section without
70  * producing a warning (of course, no warning does not mean code is
71  * correct, so optimally document why the __ref is needed and why it's OK).
72  *
73  * The markers follow same syntax rules as __init / __initdata.
74  */
75 #define __ref            __section(".ref.text") noinline
76 #define __refdata        __section(".ref.data")
77 #define __refconst       __section(".ref.rodata")
78 
79 #ifdef MODULE
80 #define __exitused
81 #else
82 #define __exitused  __used
83 #endif
84 
85 #define __exit          __section(".exit.text") __exitused __cold notrace
86 
87 /* Used for MEMORY_HOTPLUG */
88 #define __meminit        __section(".meminit.text") __cold notrace \
89 						  __latent_entropy
90 #define __meminitdata    __section(".meminit.data")
91 #define __meminitconst   __section(".meminit.rodata")
92 
93 /* For assembly routines */
94 #define __HEAD		.section	".head.text","ax"
95 #define __INIT		.section	".init.text","ax"
96 #define __FINIT		.previous
97 
98 #define __INITDATA	.section	".init.data","aw",%progbits
99 #define __INITRODATA	.section	".init.rodata","a",%progbits
100 #define __FINITDATA	.previous
101 
102 /* silence warnings when references are OK */
103 #define __REF            .section       ".ref.text", "ax"
104 #define __REFDATA        .section       ".ref.data", "aw"
105 #define __REFCONST       .section       ".ref.rodata", "a"
106 
107 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
108 /*
109  * Used for initialization calls..
110  */
111 typedef int (*initcall_t)(void);
112 typedef void (*exitcall_t)(void);
113 
114 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
115 typedef int initcall_entry_t;
116 
117 static inline initcall_t initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t *entry)
118 {
119 	return offset_to_ptr(entry);
120 }
121 #else
122 typedef initcall_t initcall_entry_t;
123 
124 static inline initcall_t initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t *entry)
125 {
126 	return *entry;
127 }
128 #endif
129 
130 extern initcall_entry_t __con_initcall_start[], __con_initcall_end[];
131 
132 /* Used for constructor calls. */
133 typedef void (*ctor_fn_t)(void);
134 
135 struct file_system_type;
136 
137 /* Defined in init/main.c */
138 extern int do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn);
139 extern char __initdata boot_command_line[];
140 extern char *saved_command_line;
141 extern unsigned int saved_command_line_len;
142 extern unsigned int reset_devices;
143 
144 /* used by init/main.c */
145 void setup_arch(char **);
146 void prepare_namespace(void);
147 void __init init_rootfs(void);
148 
149 void init_IRQ(void);
150 void time_init(void);
151 void poking_init(void);
152 void pgtable_cache_init(void);
153 
154 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall_start[];
155 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall0_start[];
156 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall1_start[];
157 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall2_start[];
158 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall3_start[];
159 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall4_start[];
160 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall5_start[];
161 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall6_start[];
162 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall7_start[];
163 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall_end[];
164 
165 extern struct file_system_type rootfs_fs_type;
166 
167 extern bool rodata_enabled;
168 void mark_rodata_ro(void);
169 
170 extern void (*late_time_init)(void);
171 
172 extern bool initcall_debug;
173 
174 #ifdef MODULE
175 extern struct module __this_module;
176 #define THIS_MODULE (&__this_module)
177 #else
178 #define THIS_MODULE ((struct module *)0)
179 #endif
180 
181 #endif
182 
183 #ifndef MODULE
184 
185 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
186 
187 /*
188  * initcalls are now grouped by functionality into separate
189  * subsections. Ordering inside the subsections is determined
190  * by link order.
191  * For backwards compatibility, initcall() puts the call in
192  * the device init subsection.
193  *
194  * The `id' arg to __define_initcall() is needed so that multiple initcalls
195  * can point at the same handler without causing duplicate-symbol build errors.
196  *
197  * Initcalls are run by placing pointers in initcall sections that the
198  * kernel iterates at runtime. The linker can do dead code / data elimination
199  * and remove that completely, so the initcall sections have to be marked
200  * as KEEP() in the linker script.
201  */
202 
203 /* Format: <modname>__<counter>_<line>_<fn> */
204 #define __initcall_id(fn)					\
205 	__PASTE(__KBUILD_MODNAME,				\
206 	__PASTE(__,						\
207 	__PASTE(__COUNTER__,					\
208 	__PASTE(_,						\
209 	__PASTE(__LINE__,					\
210 	__PASTE(_, fn))))))
211 
212 /* Format: __<prefix>__<iid><id> */
213 #define __initcall_name(prefix, __iid, id)			\
214 	__PASTE(__,						\
215 	__PASTE(prefix,						\
216 	__PASTE(__,						\
217 	__PASTE(__iid, id))))
218 
219 #ifdef CONFIG_LTO_CLANG
220 /*
221  * With LTO, the compiler doesn't necessarily obey link order for
222  * initcalls. In order to preserve the correct order, we add each
223  * variable into its own section and generate a linker script (in
224  * scripts/link-vmlinux.sh) to specify the order of the sections.
225  */
226 #define __initcall_section(__sec, __iid)			\
227 	#__sec ".init.." #__iid
228 
229 /*
230  * With LTO, the compiler can rename static functions to avoid
231  * global naming collisions. We use a global stub function for
232  * initcalls to create a stable symbol name whose address can be
233  * taken in inline assembly when PREL32 relocations are used.
234  */
235 #define __initcall_stub(fn, __iid, id)				\
236 	__initcall_name(initstub, __iid, id)
237 
238 #define __define_initcall_stub(__stub, fn)			\
239 	int __init __stub(void);				\
240 	int __init __stub(void)					\
241 	{ 							\
242 		return fn();					\
243 	}							\
244 	__ADDRESSABLE(__stub)
245 #else
246 #define __initcall_section(__sec, __iid)			\
247 	#__sec ".init"
248 
249 #define __initcall_stub(fn, __iid, id)	fn
250 
251 #define __define_initcall_stub(__stub, fn)			\
252 	__ADDRESSABLE(fn)
253 #endif
254 
255 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
256 #define ____define_initcall(fn, __stub, __name, __sec)		\
257 	__define_initcall_stub(__stub, fn)			\
258 	asm(".section	\"" __sec "\", \"a\"		\n"	\
259 	    __stringify(__name) ":			\n"	\
260 	    ".long	" __stringify(__stub) " - .	\n"	\
261 	    ".previous					\n");	\
262 	static_assert(__same_type(initcall_t, &fn));
263 #else
264 #define ____define_initcall(fn, __unused, __name, __sec)	\
265 	static initcall_t __name __used 			\
266 		__attribute__((__section__(__sec))) = fn;
267 #endif
268 
269 #define __unique_initcall(fn, id, __sec, __iid)			\
270 	____define_initcall(fn,					\
271 		__initcall_stub(fn, __iid, id),			\
272 		__initcall_name(initcall, __iid, id),		\
273 		__initcall_section(__sec, __iid))
274 
275 #define ___define_initcall(fn, id, __sec)			\
276 	__unique_initcall(fn, id, __sec, __initcall_id(fn))
277 
278 #define __define_initcall(fn, id) ___define_initcall(fn, id, .initcall##id)
279 
280 /*
281  * Early initcalls run before initializing SMP.
282  *
283  * Only for built-in code, not modules.
284  */
285 #define early_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, early)
286 
287 /*
288  * A "pure" initcall has no dependencies on anything else, and purely
289  * initializes variables that couldn't be statically initialized.
290  *
291  * This only exists for built-in code, not for modules.
292  * Keep main.c:initcall_level_names[] in sync.
293  */
294 #define pure_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 0)
295 
296 #define core_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 1)
297 #define core_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 1s)
298 #define postcore_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 2)
299 #define postcore_initcall_sync(fn)	__define_initcall(fn, 2s)
300 #define arch_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 3)
301 #define arch_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 3s)
302 #define subsys_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 4)
303 #define subsys_initcall_sync(fn)	__define_initcall(fn, 4s)
304 #define fs_initcall(fn)			__define_initcall(fn, 5)
305 #define fs_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 5s)
306 #define rootfs_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, rootfs)
307 #define device_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 6)
308 #define device_initcall_sync(fn)	__define_initcall(fn, 6s)
309 #define late_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 7)
310 #define late_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 7s)
311 
312 #define __initcall(fn) device_initcall(fn)
313 
314 #define __exitcall(fn)						\
315 	static exitcall_t __exitcall_##fn __exit_call = fn
316 
317 #define console_initcall(fn)	___define_initcall(fn, con, .con_initcall)
318 
319 struct obs_kernel_param {
320 	const char *str;
321 	int (*setup_func)(char *);
322 	int early;
323 };
324 
325 extern const struct obs_kernel_param __setup_start[], __setup_end[];
326 
327 /*
328  * Only for really core code.  See moduleparam.h for the normal way.
329  *
330  * Force the alignment so the compiler doesn't space elements of the
331  * obs_kernel_param "array" too far apart in .init.setup.
332  */
333 #define __setup_param(str, unique_id, fn, early)			\
334 	static const char __setup_str_##unique_id[] __initconst		\
335 		__aligned(1) = str; 					\
336 	static struct obs_kernel_param __setup_##unique_id		\
337 		__used __section(".init.setup")				\
338 		__aligned(__alignof__(struct obs_kernel_param))		\
339 		= { __setup_str_##unique_id, fn, early }
340 
341 /*
342  * NOTE: __setup functions return values:
343  * @fn returns 1 (or non-zero) if the option argument is "handled"
344  * and returns 0 if the option argument is "not handled".
345  */
346 #define __setup(str, fn)						\
347 	__setup_param(str, fn, fn, 0)
348 
349 /*
350  * NOTE: @fn is as per module_param, not __setup!
351  * I.e., @fn returns 0 for no error or non-zero for error
352  * (possibly @fn returns a -errno value, but it does not matter).
353  * Emits warning if @fn returns non-zero.
354  */
355 #define early_param(str, fn)						\
356 	__setup_param(str, fn, fn, 1)
357 
358 #define early_param_on_off(str_on, str_off, var, config)		\
359 									\
360 	int var = IS_ENABLED(config);					\
361 									\
362 	static int __init parse_##var##_on(char *arg)			\
363 	{								\
364 		var = 1;						\
365 		return 0;						\
366 	}								\
367 	early_param(str_on, parse_##var##_on);				\
368 									\
369 	static int __init parse_##var##_off(char *arg)			\
370 	{								\
371 		var = 0;						\
372 		return 0;						\
373 	}								\
374 	early_param(str_off, parse_##var##_off)
375 
376 /* Relies on boot_command_line being set */
377 void __init parse_early_param(void);
378 void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline);
379 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
380 
381 #else /* MODULE */
382 
383 #define __setup_param(str, unique_id, fn)	/* nothing */
384 #define __setup(str, func) 			/* nothing */
385 #endif
386 
387 /* Data marked not to be saved by software suspend */
388 #define __nosavedata __section(".data..nosave")
389 
390 #ifdef MODULE
391 #define __exit_p(x) x
392 #else
393 #define __exit_p(x) NULL
394 #endif
395 
396 #endif /* _LINUX_INIT_H */
397