xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/futex.h (revision 2277ab4a)
1 #ifndef _LINUX_FUTEX_H
2 #define _LINUX_FUTEX_H
3 
4 #include <linux/compiler.h>
5 #include <linux/types.h>
6 
7 struct inode;
8 struct mm_struct;
9 struct task_struct;
10 union ktime;
11 
12 /* Second argument to futex syscall */
13 
14 
15 #define FUTEX_WAIT		0
16 #define FUTEX_WAKE		1
17 #define FUTEX_FD		2
18 #define FUTEX_REQUEUE		3
19 #define FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE	4
20 #define FUTEX_WAKE_OP		5
21 #define FUTEX_LOCK_PI		6
22 #define FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI		7
23 #define FUTEX_TRYLOCK_PI	8
24 #define FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET	9
25 #define FUTEX_WAKE_BITSET	10
26 #define FUTEX_WAIT_REQUEUE_PI	11
27 #define FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE_PI	12
28 
29 #define FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG	128
30 #define FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME	256
31 #define FUTEX_CMD_MASK		~(FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG | FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME)
32 
33 #define FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_WAIT | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
34 #define FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_WAKE | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
35 #define FUTEX_REQUEUE_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_REQUEUE | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
36 #define FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE_PRIVATE (FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
37 #define FUTEX_WAKE_OP_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_WAKE_OP | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
38 #define FUTEX_LOCK_PI_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_LOCK_PI | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
39 #define FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
40 #define FUTEX_TRYLOCK_PI_PRIVATE (FUTEX_TRYLOCK_PI | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
41 #define FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_WAIT_BITS | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
42 #define FUTEX_WAKE_BITSET_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_WAKE_BITS | FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
43 #define FUTEX_WAIT_REQUEUE_PI_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_WAIT_REQUEUE_PI | \
44 					 FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
45 #define FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE_PI_PRIVATE	(FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE_PI | \
46 					 FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
47 
48 /*
49  * Support for robust futexes: the kernel cleans up held futexes at
50  * thread exit time.
51  */
52 
53 /*
54  * Per-lock list entry - embedded in user-space locks, somewhere close
55  * to the futex field. (Note: user-space uses a double-linked list to
56  * achieve O(1) list add and remove, but the kernel only needs to know
57  * about the forward link)
58  *
59  * NOTE: this structure is part of the syscall ABI, and must not be
60  * changed.
61  */
62 struct robust_list {
63 	struct robust_list __user *next;
64 };
65 
66 /*
67  * Per-thread list head:
68  *
69  * NOTE: this structure is part of the syscall ABI, and must only be
70  * changed if the change is first communicated with the glibc folks.
71  * (When an incompatible change is done, we'll increase the structure
72  *  size, which glibc will detect)
73  */
74 struct robust_list_head {
75 	/*
76 	 * The head of the list. Points back to itself if empty:
77 	 */
78 	struct robust_list list;
79 
80 	/*
81 	 * This relative offset is set by user-space, it gives the kernel
82 	 * the relative position of the futex field to examine. This way
83 	 * we keep userspace flexible, to freely shape its data-structure,
84 	 * without hardcoding any particular offset into the kernel:
85 	 */
86 	long futex_offset;
87 
88 	/*
89 	 * The death of the thread may race with userspace setting
90 	 * up a lock's links. So to handle this race, userspace first
91 	 * sets this field to the address of the to-be-taken lock,
92 	 * then does the lock acquire, and then adds itself to the
93 	 * list, and then clears this field. Hence the kernel will
94 	 * always have full knowledge of all locks that the thread
95 	 * _might_ have taken. We check the owner TID in any case,
96 	 * so only truly owned locks will be handled.
97 	 */
98 	struct robust_list __user *list_op_pending;
99 };
100 
101 /*
102  * Are there any waiters for this robust futex:
103  */
104 #define FUTEX_WAITERS		0x80000000
105 
106 /*
107  * The kernel signals via this bit that a thread holding a futex
108  * has exited without unlocking the futex. The kernel also does
109  * a FUTEX_WAKE on such futexes, after setting the bit, to wake
110  * up any possible waiters:
111  */
112 #define FUTEX_OWNER_DIED	0x40000000
113 
114 /*
115  * The rest of the robust-futex field is for the TID:
116  */
117 #define FUTEX_TID_MASK		0x3fffffff
118 
119 /*
120  * This limit protects against a deliberately circular list.
121  * (Not worth introducing an rlimit for it)
122  */
123 #define ROBUST_LIST_LIMIT	2048
124 
125 /*
126  * bitset with all bits set for the FUTEX_xxx_BITSET OPs to request a
127  * match of any bit.
128  */
129 #define FUTEX_BITSET_MATCH_ANY	0xffffffff
130 
131 #ifdef __KERNEL__
132 long do_futex(u32 __user *uaddr, int op, u32 val, union ktime *timeout,
133 	      u32 __user *uaddr2, u32 val2, u32 val3);
134 
135 extern int
136 handle_futex_death(u32 __user *uaddr, struct task_struct *curr, int pi);
137 
138 /*
139  * Futexes are matched on equal values of this key.
140  * The key type depends on whether it's a shared or private mapping.
141  * Don't rearrange members without looking at hash_futex().
142  *
143  * offset is aligned to a multiple of sizeof(u32) (== 4) by definition.
144  * We use the two low order bits of offset to tell what is the kind of key :
145  *  00 : Private process futex (PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE)
146  *       (no reference on an inode or mm)
147  *  01 : Shared futex (PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED)
148  *	mapped on a file (reference on the underlying inode)
149  *  10 : Shared futex (PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED)
150  *       (but private mapping on an mm, and reference taken on it)
151 */
152 
153 #define FUT_OFF_INODE    1 /* We set bit 0 if key has a reference on inode */
154 #define FUT_OFF_MMSHARED 2 /* We set bit 1 if key has a reference on mm */
155 
156 union futex_key {
157 	struct {
158 		unsigned long pgoff;
159 		struct inode *inode;
160 		int offset;
161 	} shared;
162 	struct {
163 		unsigned long address;
164 		struct mm_struct *mm;
165 		int offset;
166 	} private;
167 	struct {
168 		unsigned long word;
169 		void *ptr;
170 		int offset;
171 	} both;
172 };
173 
174 #define FUTEX_KEY_INIT (union futex_key) { .both = { .ptr = NULL } }
175 
176 #ifdef CONFIG_FUTEX
177 extern void exit_robust_list(struct task_struct *curr);
178 extern void exit_pi_state_list(struct task_struct *curr);
179 extern int futex_cmpxchg_enabled;
180 #else
181 static inline void exit_robust_list(struct task_struct *curr)
182 {
183 }
184 static inline void exit_pi_state_list(struct task_struct *curr)
185 {
186 }
187 #endif
188 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
189 
190 #define FUTEX_OP_SET		0	/* *(int *)UADDR2 = OPARG; */
191 #define FUTEX_OP_ADD		1	/* *(int *)UADDR2 += OPARG; */
192 #define FUTEX_OP_OR		2	/* *(int *)UADDR2 |= OPARG; */
193 #define FUTEX_OP_ANDN		3	/* *(int *)UADDR2 &= ~OPARG; */
194 #define FUTEX_OP_XOR		4	/* *(int *)UADDR2 ^= OPARG; */
195 
196 #define FUTEX_OP_OPARG_SHIFT	8	/* Use (1 << OPARG) instead of OPARG.  */
197 
198 #define FUTEX_OP_CMP_EQ		0	/* if (oldval == CMPARG) wake */
199 #define FUTEX_OP_CMP_NE		1	/* if (oldval != CMPARG) wake */
200 #define FUTEX_OP_CMP_LT		2	/* if (oldval < CMPARG) wake */
201 #define FUTEX_OP_CMP_LE		3	/* if (oldval <= CMPARG) wake */
202 #define FUTEX_OP_CMP_GT		4	/* if (oldval > CMPARG) wake */
203 #define FUTEX_OP_CMP_GE		5	/* if (oldval >= CMPARG) wake */
204 
205 /* FUTEX_WAKE_OP will perform atomically
206    int oldval = *(int *)UADDR2;
207    *(int *)UADDR2 = oldval OP OPARG;
208    if (oldval CMP CMPARG)
209      wake UADDR2;  */
210 
211 #define FUTEX_OP(op, oparg, cmp, cmparg) \
212   (((op & 0xf) << 28) | ((cmp & 0xf) << 24)		\
213    | ((oparg & 0xfff) << 12) | (cmparg & 0xfff))
214 
215 #endif
216