1 /*
2  * Filesystem access notification for Linux
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 2008 Red Hat, Inc., Eric Paris <[email protected]>
5  */
6 
7 #ifndef __LINUX_FSNOTIFY_BACKEND_H
8 #define __LINUX_FSNOTIFY_BACKEND_H
9 
10 #ifdef __KERNEL__
11 
12 #include <linux/idr.h> /* inotify uses this */
13 #include <linux/fs.h> /* struct inode */
14 #include <linux/list.h>
15 #include <linux/path.h> /* struct path */
16 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
17 #include <linux/types.h>
18 #include <linux/atomic.h>
19 
20 /*
21  * IN_* from inotfy.h lines up EXACTLY with FS_*, this is so we can easily
22  * convert between them.  dnotify only needs conversion at watch creation
23  * so no perf loss there.  fanotify isn't defined yet, so it can use the
24  * wholes if it needs more events.
25  */
26 #define FS_ACCESS		0x00000001	/* File was accessed */
27 #define FS_MODIFY		0x00000002	/* File was modified */
28 #define FS_ATTRIB		0x00000004	/* Metadata changed */
29 #define FS_CLOSE_WRITE		0x00000008	/* Writtable file was closed */
30 #define FS_CLOSE_NOWRITE	0x00000010	/* Unwrittable file closed */
31 #define FS_OPEN			0x00000020	/* File was opened */
32 #define FS_MOVED_FROM		0x00000040	/* File was moved from X */
33 #define FS_MOVED_TO		0x00000080	/* File was moved to Y */
34 #define FS_CREATE		0x00000100	/* Subfile was created */
35 #define FS_DELETE		0x00000200	/* Subfile was deleted */
36 #define FS_DELETE_SELF		0x00000400	/* Self was deleted */
37 #define FS_MOVE_SELF		0x00000800	/* Self was moved */
38 
39 #define FS_UNMOUNT		0x00002000	/* inode on umount fs */
40 #define FS_Q_OVERFLOW		0x00004000	/* Event queued overflowed */
41 #define FS_IN_IGNORED		0x00008000	/* last inotify event here */
42 
43 #define FS_OPEN_PERM		0x00010000	/* open event in an permission hook */
44 #define FS_ACCESS_PERM		0x00020000	/* access event in a permissions hook */
45 
46 #define FS_EXCL_UNLINK		0x04000000	/* do not send events if object is unlinked */
47 #define FS_ISDIR		0x40000000	/* event occurred against dir */
48 #define FS_IN_ONESHOT		0x80000000	/* only send event once */
49 
50 #define FS_DN_RENAME		0x10000000	/* file renamed */
51 #define FS_DN_MULTISHOT		0x20000000	/* dnotify multishot */
52 
53 /* This inode cares about things that happen to its children.  Always set for
54  * dnotify and inotify. */
55 #define FS_EVENT_ON_CHILD	0x08000000
56 
57 /* This is a list of all events that may get sent to a parernt based on fs event
58  * happening to inodes inside that directory */
59 #define FS_EVENTS_POSS_ON_CHILD   (FS_ACCESS | FS_MODIFY | FS_ATTRIB |\
60 				   FS_CLOSE_WRITE | FS_CLOSE_NOWRITE | FS_OPEN |\
61 				   FS_MOVED_FROM | FS_MOVED_TO | FS_CREATE |\
62 				   FS_DELETE | FS_OPEN_PERM | FS_ACCESS_PERM)
63 
64 #define FS_MOVE			(FS_MOVED_FROM | FS_MOVED_TO)
65 
66 #define ALL_FSNOTIFY_PERM_EVENTS (FS_OPEN_PERM | FS_ACCESS_PERM)
67 
68 #define ALL_FSNOTIFY_EVENTS (FS_ACCESS | FS_MODIFY | FS_ATTRIB | \
69 			     FS_CLOSE_WRITE | FS_CLOSE_NOWRITE | FS_OPEN | \
70 			     FS_MOVED_FROM | FS_MOVED_TO | FS_CREATE | \
71 			     FS_DELETE | FS_DELETE_SELF | FS_MOVE_SELF | \
72 			     FS_UNMOUNT | FS_Q_OVERFLOW | FS_IN_IGNORED | \
73 			     FS_OPEN_PERM | FS_ACCESS_PERM | FS_EXCL_UNLINK | \
74 			     FS_ISDIR | FS_IN_ONESHOT | FS_DN_RENAME | \
75 			     FS_DN_MULTISHOT | FS_EVENT_ON_CHILD)
76 
77 struct fsnotify_group;
78 struct fsnotify_event;
79 struct fsnotify_mark;
80 struct fsnotify_event_private_data;
81 struct fsnotify_fname;
82 
83 /*
84  * Each group much define these ops.  The fsnotify infrastructure will call
85  * these operations for each relevant group.
86  *
87  * handle_event - main call for a group to handle an fs event
88  * free_group_priv - called when a group refcnt hits 0 to clean up the private union
89  * freeing_mark - called when a mark is being destroyed for some reason.  The group
90  * 		MUST be holding a reference on each mark and that reference must be
91  * 		dropped in this function.  inotify uses this function to send
92  * 		userspace messages that marks have been removed.
93  */
94 struct fsnotify_ops {
95 	int (*handle_event)(struct fsnotify_group *group,
96 			    struct inode *inode,
97 			    struct fsnotify_mark *inode_mark,
98 			    struct fsnotify_mark *vfsmount_mark,
99 			    u32 mask, void *data, int data_type,
100 			    const unsigned char *file_name, u32 cookie);
101 	void (*free_group_priv)(struct fsnotify_group *group);
102 	void (*freeing_mark)(struct fsnotify_mark *mark, struct fsnotify_group *group);
103 	void (*free_event)(struct fsnotify_event *event);
104 };
105 
106 /*
107  * all of the information about the original object we want to now send to
108  * a group.  If you want to carry more info from the accessing task to the
109  * listener this structure is where you need to be adding fields.
110  */
111 struct fsnotify_event {
112 	struct list_head list;
113 	/* inode may ONLY be dereferenced during handle_event(). */
114 	struct inode *inode;	/* either the inode the event happened to or its parent */
115 	u32 mask;		/* the type of access, bitwise OR for FS_* event types */
116 };
117 
118 /*
119  * A group is a "thing" that wants to receive notification about filesystem
120  * events.  The mask holds the subset of event types this group cares about.
121  * refcnt on a group is up to the implementor and at any moment if it goes 0
122  * everything will be cleaned up.
123  */
124 struct fsnotify_group {
125 	/*
126 	 * How the refcnt is used is up to each group.  When the refcnt hits 0
127 	 * fsnotify will clean up all of the resources associated with this group.
128 	 * As an example, the dnotify group will always have a refcnt=1 and that
129 	 * will never change.  Inotify, on the other hand, has a group per
130 	 * inotify_init() and the refcnt will hit 0 only when that fd has been
131 	 * closed.
132 	 */
133 	atomic_t refcnt;		/* things with interest in this group */
134 
135 	const struct fsnotify_ops *ops;	/* how this group handles things */
136 
137 	/* needed to send notification to userspace */
138 	struct mutex notification_mutex;	/* protect the notification_list */
139 	struct list_head notification_list;	/* list of event_holder this group needs to send to userspace */
140 	wait_queue_head_t notification_waitq;	/* read() on the notification file blocks on this waitq */
141 	unsigned int q_len;			/* events on the queue */
142 	unsigned int max_events;		/* maximum events allowed on the list */
143 	/*
144 	 * Valid fsnotify group priorities.  Events are send in order from highest
145 	 * priority to lowest priority.  We default to the lowest priority.
146 	 */
147 	#define FS_PRIO_0	0 /* normal notifiers, no permissions */
148 	#define FS_PRIO_1	1 /* fanotify content based access control */
149 	#define FS_PRIO_2	2 /* fanotify pre-content access */
150 	unsigned int priority;
151 
152 	/* stores all fastpath marks assoc with this group so they can be cleaned on unregister */
153 	struct mutex mark_mutex;	/* protect marks_list */
154 	atomic_t num_marks;		/* 1 for each mark and 1 for not being
155 					 * past the point of no return when freeing
156 					 * a group */
157 	struct list_head marks_list;	/* all inode marks for this group */
158 
159 	struct fasync_struct *fsn_fa;    /* async notification */
160 
161 	struct fsnotify_event *overflow_event;	/* Event we queue when the
162 						 * notification list is too
163 						 * full */
164 
165 	/* groups can define private fields here or use the void *private */
166 	union {
167 		void *private;
168 #ifdef CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER
169 		struct inotify_group_private_data {
170 			spinlock_t	idr_lock;
171 			struct idr      idr;
172 			struct user_struct      *user;
173 		} inotify_data;
174 #endif
175 #ifdef CONFIG_FANOTIFY
176 		struct fanotify_group_private_data {
177 #ifdef CONFIG_FANOTIFY_ACCESS_PERMISSIONS
178 			/* allows a group to block waiting for a userspace response */
179 			spinlock_t access_lock;
180 			struct list_head access_list;
181 			wait_queue_head_t access_waitq;
182 			atomic_t bypass_perm;
183 #endif /* CONFIG_FANOTIFY_ACCESS_PERMISSIONS */
184 			int f_flags;
185 			unsigned int max_marks;
186 			struct user_struct *user;
187 		} fanotify_data;
188 #endif /* CONFIG_FANOTIFY */
189 	};
190 };
191 
192 /* when calling fsnotify tell it if the data is a path or inode */
193 #define FSNOTIFY_EVENT_NONE	0
194 #define FSNOTIFY_EVENT_PATH	1
195 #define FSNOTIFY_EVENT_INODE	2
196 
197 /*
198  * a mark is simply an object attached to an in core inode which allows an
199  * fsnotify listener to indicate they are either no longer interested in events
200  * of a type matching mask or only interested in those events.
201  *
202  * these are flushed when an inode is evicted from core and may be flushed
203  * when the inode is modified (as seen by fsnotify_access).  Some fsnotify users
204  * (such as dnotify) will flush these when the open fd is closed and not at
205  * inode eviction or modification.
206  */
207 struct fsnotify_mark {
208 	__u32 mask;			/* mask this mark is for */
209 	/* we hold ref for each i_list and g_list.  also one ref for each 'thing'
210 	 * in kernel that found and may be using this mark. */
211 	atomic_t refcnt;		/* active things looking at this mark */
212 	struct fsnotify_group *group;	/* group this mark is for */
213 	struct list_head g_list;	/* list of marks by group->i_fsnotify_marks
214 					 * Also reused for queueing mark into
215 					 * destroy_list when it's waiting for
216 					 * the end of SRCU period before it can
217 					 * be freed */
218 	spinlock_t lock;		/* protect group and inode */
219 	struct hlist_node obj_list;	/* list of marks for inode / vfsmount */
220 	struct list_head free_list;	/* tmp list used when freeing this mark */
221 	union {
222 		struct inode *inode;	/* inode this mark is associated with */
223 		struct vfsmount *mnt;	/* vfsmount this mark is associated with */
224 	};
225 	__u32 ignored_mask;		/* events types to ignore */
226 #define FSNOTIFY_MARK_FLAG_INODE		0x01
227 #define FSNOTIFY_MARK_FLAG_VFSMOUNT		0x02
228 #define FSNOTIFY_MARK_FLAG_OBJECT_PINNED	0x04
229 #define FSNOTIFY_MARK_FLAG_IGNORED_SURV_MODIFY	0x08
230 #define FSNOTIFY_MARK_FLAG_ALIVE		0x10
231 	unsigned int flags;		/* vfsmount or inode mark? */
232 	void (*free_mark)(struct fsnotify_mark *mark); /* called on final put+free */
233 };
234 
235 #ifdef CONFIG_FSNOTIFY
236 
237 /* called from the vfs helpers */
238 
239 /* main fsnotify call to send events */
240 extern int fsnotify(struct inode *to_tell, __u32 mask, void *data, int data_is,
241 		    const unsigned char *name, u32 cookie);
242 extern int __fsnotify_parent(struct path *path, struct dentry *dentry, __u32 mask);
243 extern void __fsnotify_inode_delete(struct inode *inode);
244 extern void __fsnotify_vfsmount_delete(struct vfsmount *mnt);
245 extern u32 fsnotify_get_cookie(void);
246 
247 static inline int fsnotify_inode_watches_children(struct inode *inode)
248 {
249 	/* FS_EVENT_ON_CHILD is set if the inode may care */
250 	if (!(inode->i_fsnotify_mask & FS_EVENT_ON_CHILD))
251 		return 0;
252 	/* this inode might care about child events, does it care about the
253 	 * specific set of events that can happen on a child? */
254 	return inode->i_fsnotify_mask & FS_EVENTS_POSS_ON_CHILD;
255 }
256 
257 /*
258  * Update the dentry with a flag indicating the interest of its parent to receive
259  * filesystem events when those events happens to this dentry->d_inode.
260  */
261 static inline void __fsnotify_update_dcache_flags(struct dentry *dentry)
262 {
263 	struct dentry *parent;
264 
265 	assert_spin_locked(&dentry->d_lock);
266 
267 	/*
268 	 * Serialisation of setting PARENT_WATCHED on the dentries is provided
269 	 * by d_lock. If inotify_inode_watched changes after we have taken
270 	 * d_lock, the following __fsnotify_update_child_dentry_flags call will
271 	 * find our entry, so it will spin until we complete here, and update
272 	 * us with the new state.
273 	 */
274 	parent = dentry->d_parent;
275 	if (parent->d_inode && fsnotify_inode_watches_children(parent->d_inode))
276 		dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_FSNOTIFY_PARENT_WATCHED;
277 	else
278 		dentry->d_flags &= ~DCACHE_FSNOTIFY_PARENT_WATCHED;
279 }
280 
281 /*
282  * fsnotify_d_instantiate - instantiate a dentry for inode
283  */
284 static inline void __fsnotify_d_instantiate(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
285 {
286 	if (!inode)
287 		return;
288 
289 	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
290 	__fsnotify_update_dcache_flags(dentry);
291 	spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
292 }
293 
294 /* called from fsnotify listeners, such as fanotify or dnotify */
295 
296 /* create a new group */
297 extern struct fsnotify_group *fsnotify_alloc_group(const struct fsnotify_ops *ops);
298 /* get reference to a group */
299 extern void fsnotify_get_group(struct fsnotify_group *group);
300 /* drop reference on a group from fsnotify_alloc_group */
301 extern void fsnotify_put_group(struct fsnotify_group *group);
302 /* destroy group */
303 extern void fsnotify_destroy_group(struct fsnotify_group *group);
304 /* fasync handler function */
305 extern int fsnotify_fasync(int fd, struct file *file, int on);
306 /* Free event from memory */
307 extern void fsnotify_destroy_event(struct fsnotify_group *group,
308 				   struct fsnotify_event *event);
309 /* attach the event to the group notification queue */
310 extern int fsnotify_add_event(struct fsnotify_group *group,
311 			      struct fsnotify_event *event,
312 			      int (*merge)(struct list_head *,
313 					   struct fsnotify_event *));
314 /* Remove passed event from groups notification queue */
315 extern void fsnotify_remove_event(struct fsnotify_group *group, struct fsnotify_event *event);
316 /* true if the group notification queue is empty */
317 extern bool fsnotify_notify_queue_is_empty(struct fsnotify_group *group);
318 /* return, but do not dequeue the first event on the notification queue */
319 extern struct fsnotify_event *fsnotify_peek_first_event(struct fsnotify_group *group);
320 /* return AND dequeue the first event on the notification queue */
321 extern struct fsnotify_event *fsnotify_remove_first_event(struct fsnotify_group *group);
322 
323 /* functions used to manipulate the marks attached to inodes */
324 
325 /* run all marks associated with a vfsmount and update mnt->mnt_fsnotify_mask */
326 extern void fsnotify_recalc_vfsmount_mask(struct vfsmount *mnt);
327 /* run all marks associated with an inode and update inode->i_fsnotify_mask */
328 extern void fsnotify_recalc_inode_mask(struct inode *inode);
329 extern void fsnotify_init_mark(struct fsnotify_mark *mark, void (*free_mark)(struct fsnotify_mark *mark));
330 /* find (and take a reference) to a mark associated with group and inode */
331 extern struct fsnotify_mark *fsnotify_find_inode_mark(struct fsnotify_group *group, struct inode *inode);
332 /* find (and take a reference) to a mark associated with group and vfsmount */
333 extern struct fsnotify_mark *fsnotify_find_vfsmount_mark(struct fsnotify_group *group, struct vfsmount *mnt);
334 /* copy the values from old into new */
335 extern void fsnotify_duplicate_mark(struct fsnotify_mark *new, struct fsnotify_mark *old);
336 /* set the ignored_mask of a mark */
337 extern void fsnotify_set_mark_ignored_mask_locked(struct fsnotify_mark *mark, __u32 mask);
338 /* set the mask of a mark (might pin the object into memory */
339 extern void fsnotify_set_mark_mask_locked(struct fsnotify_mark *mark, __u32 mask);
340 /* attach the mark to both the group and the inode */
341 extern int fsnotify_add_mark(struct fsnotify_mark *mark, struct fsnotify_group *group,
342 			     struct inode *inode, struct vfsmount *mnt, int allow_dups);
343 extern int fsnotify_add_mark_locked(struct fsnotify_mark *mark, struct fsnotify_group *group,
344 				    struct inode *inode, struct vfsmount *mnt, int allow_dups);
345 /* given a group and a mark, flag mark to be freed when all references are dropped */
346 extern void fsnotify_destroy_mark(struct fsnotify_mark *mark,
347 				  struct fsnotify_group *group);
348 extern void fsnotify_destroy_mark_locked(struct fsnotify_mark *mark,
349 					 struct fsnotify_group *group);
350 /* run all the marks in a group, and clear all of the vfsmount marks */
351 extern void fsnotify_clear_vfsmount_marks_by_group(struct fsnotify_group *group);
352 /* run all the marks in a group, and clear all of the inode marks */
353 extern void fsnotify_clear_inode_marks_by_group(struct fsnotify_group *group);
354 /* run all the marks in a group, and clear all of the marks where mark->flags & flags is true*/
355 extern void fsnotify_clear_marks_by_group_flags(struct fsnotify_group *group, unsigned int flags);
356 /* run all the marks in a group, and flag them to be freed */
357 extern void fsnotify_clear_marks_by_group(struct fsnotify_group *group);
358 extern void fsnotify_get_mark(struct fsnotify_mark *mark);
359 extern void fsnotify_put_mark(struct fsnotify_mark *mark);
360 extern void fsnotify_unmount_inodes(struct list_head *list);
361 
362 /* put here because inotify does some weird stuff when destroying watches */
363 extern void fsnotify_init_event(struct fsnotify_event *event,
364 				struct inode *to_tell, u32 mask);
365 
366 #else
367 
368 static inline int fsnotify(struct inode *to_tell, __u32 mask, void *data, int data_is,
369 			   const unsigned char *name, u32 cookie)
370 {
371 	return 0;
372 }
373 
374 static inline int __fsnotify_parent(struct path *path, struct dentry *dentry, __u32 mask)
375 {
376 	return 0;
377 }
378 
379 static inline void __fsnotify_inode_delete(struct inode *inode)
380 {}
381 
382 static inline void __fsnotify_vfsmount_delete(struct vfsmount *mnt)
383 {}
384 
385 static inline void __fsnotify_update_dcache_flags(struct dentry *dentry)
386 {}
387 
388 static inline void __fsnotify_d_instantiate(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
389 {}
390 
391 static inline u32 fsnotify_get_cookie(void)
392 {
393 	return 0;
394 }
395 
396 static inline void fsnotify_unmount_inodes(struct list_head *list)
397 {}
398 
399 #endif	/* CONFIG_FSNOTIFY */
400 
401 #endif	/* __KERNEL __ */
402 
403 #endif	/* __LINUX_FSNOTIFY_BACKEND_H */
404