xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/device.h (revision 4dc7ccf7)
1 /*
2  * device.h - generic, centralized driver model
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2001-2003 Patrick Mochel <[email protected]>
5  * Copyright (c) 2004-2009 Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
6  * Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Novell Inc.
7  *
8  * This file is released under the GPLv2
9  *
10  * See Documentation/driver-model/ for more information.
11  */
12 
13 #ifndef _DEVICE_H_
14 #define _DEVICE_H_
15 
16 #include <linux/ioport.h>
17 #include <linux/kobject.h>
18 #include <linux/klist.h>
19 #include <linux/list.h>
20 #include <linux/lockdep.h>
21 #include <linux/compiler.h>
22 #include <linux/types.h>
23 #include <linux/module.h>
24 #include <linux/pm.h>
25 #include <linux/semaphore.h>
26 #include <asm/atomic.h>
27 #include <asm/device.h>
28 
29 struct device;
30 struct device_private;
31 struct device_driver;
32 struct driver_private;
33 struct class;
34 struct class_private;
35 struct bus_type;
36 struct bus_type_private;
37 
38 struct bus_attribute {
39 	struct attribute	attr;
40 	ssize_t (*show)(struct bus_type *bus, char *buf);
41 	ssize_t (*store)(struct bus_type *bus, const char *buf, size_t count);
42 };
43 
44 #define BUS_ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store)	\
45 struct bus_attribute bus_attr_##_name = __ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store)
46 
47 extern int __must_check bus_create_file(struct bus_type *,
48 					struct bus_attribute *);
49 extern void bus_remove_file(struct bus_type *, struct bus_attribute *);
50 
51 struct bus_type {
52 	const char		*name;
53 	struct bus_attribute	*bus_attrs;
54 	struct device_attribute	*dev_attrs;
55 	struct driver_attribute	*drv_attrs;
56 
57 	int (*match)(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv);
58 	int (*uevent)(struct device *dev, struct kobj_uevent_env *env);
59 	int (*probe)(struct device *dev);
60 	int (*remove)(struct device *dev);
61 	void (*shutdown)(struct device *dev);
62 
63 	int (*suspend)(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state);
64 	int (*resume)(struct device *dev);
65 
66 	const struct dev_pm_ops *pm;
67 
68 	struct bus_type_private *p;
69 };
70 
71 extern int __must_check bus_register(struct bus_type *bus);
72 extern void bus_unregister(struct bus_type *bus);
73 
74 extern int __must_check bus_rescan_devices(struct bus_type *bus);
75 
76 /* iterator helpers for buses */
77 
78 int bus_for_each_dev(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, void *data,
79 		     int (*fn)(struct device *dev, void *data));
80 struct device *bus_find_device(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start,
81 			       void *data,
82 			       int (*match)(struct device *dev, void *data));
83 struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus,
84 				       struct device *start,
85 				       const char *name);
86 
87 int __must_check bus_for_each_drv(struct bus_type *bus,
88 				  struct device_driver *start, void *data,
89 				  int (*fn)(struct device_driver *, void *));
90 
91 void bus_sort_breadthfirst(struct bus_type *bus,
92 			   int (*compare)(const struct device *a,
93 					  const struct device *b));
94 /*
95  * Bus notifiers: Get notified of addition/removal of devices
96  * and binding/unbinding of drivers to devices.
97  * In the long run, it should be a replacement for the platform
98  * notify hooks.
99  */
100 struct notifier_block;
101 
102 extern int bus_register_notifier(struct bus_type *bus,
103 				 struct notifier_block *nb);
104 extern int bus_unregister_notifier(struct bus_type *bus,
105 				   struct notifier_block *nb);
106 
107 /* All 4 notifers below get called with the target struct device *
108  * as an argument. Note that those functions are likely to be called
109  * with the device lock held in the core, so be careful.
110  */
111 #define BUS_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE		0x00000001 /* device added */
112 #define BUS_NOTIFY_DEL_DEVICE		0x00000002 /* device removed */
113 #define BUS_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER		0x00000003 /* driver bound to device */
114 #define BUS_NOTIFY_UNBIND_DRIVER	0x00000004 /* driver about to be
115 						      unbound */
116 #define BUS_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER	0x00000005 /* driver is unbound
117 						      from the device */
118 
119 extern struct kset *bus_get_kset(struct bus_type *bus);
120 extern struct klist *bus_get_device_klist(struct bus_type *bus);
121 
122 struct device_driver {
123 	const char		*name;
124 	struct bus_type		*bus;
125 
126 	struct module		*owner;
127 	const char		*mod_name;	/* used for built-in modules */
128 
129 	bool suppress_bind_attrs;	/* disables bind/unbind via sysfs */
130 
131 	int (*probe) (struct device *dev);
132 	int (*remove) (struct device *dev);
133 	void (*shutdown) (struct device *dev);
134 	int (*suspend) (struct device *dev, pm_message_t state);
135 	int (*resume) (struct device *dev);
136 	const struct attribute_group **groups;
137 
138 	const struct dev_pm_ops *pm;
139 
140 	struct driver_private *p;
141 };
142 
143 
144 extern int __must_check driver_register(struct device_driver *drv);
145 extern void driver_unregister(struct device_driver *drv);
146 
147 extern struct device_driver *get_driver(struct device_driver *drv);
148 extern void put_driver(struct device_driver *drv);
149 extern struct device_driver *driver_find(const char *name,
150 					 struct bus_type *bus);
151 extern int driver_probe_done(void);
152 extern void wait_for_device_probe(void);
153 
154 
155 /* sysfs interface for exporting driver attributes */
156 
157 struct driver_attribute {
158 	struct attribute attr;
159 	ssize_t (*show)(struct device_driver *driver, char *buf);
160 	ssize_t (*store)(struct device_driver *driver, const char *buf,
161 			 size_t count);
162 };
163 
164 #define DRIVER_ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store)	\
165 struct driver_attribute driver_attr_##_name =		\
166 	__ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store)
167 
168 extern int __must_check driver_create_file(struct device_driver *driver,
169 					const struct driver_attribute *attr);
170 extern void driver_remove_file(struct device_driver *driver,
171 			       const struct driver_attribute *attr);
172 
173 extern int __must_check driver_add_kobj(struct device_driver *drv,
174 					struct kobject *kobj,
175 					const char *fmt, ...);
176 
177 extern int __must_check driver_for_each_device(struct device_driver *drv,
178 					       struct device *start,
179 					       void *data,
180 					       int (*fn)(struct device *dev,
181 							 void *));
182 struct device *driver_find_device(struct device_driver *drv,
183 				  struct device *start, void *data,
184 				  int (*match)(struct device *dev, void *data));
185 
186 /*
187  * device classes
188  */
189 struct class {
190 	const char		*name;
191 	struct module		*owner;
192 
193 	struct class_attribute		*class_attrs;
194 	struct device_attribute		*dev_attrs;
195 	struct kobject			*dev_kobj;
196 
197 	int (*dev_uevent)(struct device *dev, struct kobj_uevent_env *env);
198 	char *(*devnode)(struct device *dev, mode_t *mode);
199 
200 	void (*class_release)(struct class *class);
201 	void (*dev_release)(struct device *dev);
202 
203 	int (*suspend)(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state);
204 	int (*resume)(struct device *dev);
205 
206 	const struct dev_pm_ops *pm;
207 
208 	struct class_private *p;
209 };
210 
211 struct class_dev_iter {
212 	struct klist_iter		ki;
213 	const struct device_type	*type;
214 };
215 
216 extern struct kobject *sysfs_dev_block_kobj;
217 extern struct kobject *sysfs_dev_char_kobj;
218 extern int __must_check __class_register(struct class *class,
219 					 struct lock_class_key *key);
220 extern void class_unregister(struct class *class);
221 
222 /* This is a #define to keep the compiler from merging different
223  * instances of the __key variable */
224 #define class_register(class)			\
225 ({						\
226 	static struct lock_class_key __key;	\
227 	__class_register(class, &__key);	\
228 })
229 
230 struct class_compat;
231 struct class_compat *class_compat_register(const char *name);
232 void class_compat_unregister(struct class_compat *cls);
233 int class_compat_create_link(struct class_compat *cls, struct device *dev,
234 			     struct device *device_link);
235 void class_compat_remove_link(struct class_compat *cls, struct device *dev,
236 			      struct device *device_link);
237 
238 extern void class_dev_iter_init(struct class_dev_iter *iter,
239 				struct class *class,
240 				struct device *start,
241 				const struct device_type *type);
242 extern struct device *class_dev_iter_next(struct class_dev_iter *iter);
243 extern void class_dev_iter_exit(struct class_dev_iter *iter);
244 
245 extern int class_for_each_device(struct class *class, struct device *start,
246 				 void *data,
247 				 int (*fn)(struct device *dev, void *data));
248 extern struct device *class_find_device(struct class *class,
249 					struct device *start, void *data,
250 					int (*match)(struct device *, void *));
251 
252 struct class_attribute {
253 	struct attribute attr;
254 	ssize_t (*show)(struct class *class, struct class_attribute *attr,
255 			char *buf);
256 	ssize_t (*store)(struct class *class, struct class_attribute *attr,
257 			const char *buf, size_t count);
258 };
259 
260 #define CLASS_ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store)			\
261 struct class_attribute class_attr_##_name = __ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store)
262 
263 extern int __must_check class_create_file(struct class *class,
264 					  const struct class_attribute *attr);
265 extern void class_remove_file(struct class *class,
266 			      const struct class_attribute *attr);
267 
268 /* Simple class attribute that is just a static string */
269 
270 struct class_attribute_string {
271 	struct class_attribute attr;
272 	char *str;
273 };
274 
275 /* Currently read-only only */
276 #define _CLASS_ATTR_STRING(_name, _mode, _str) \
277 	{ __ATTR(_name, _mode, show_class_attr_string, NULL), _str }
278 #define CLASS_ATTR_STRING(_name, _mode, _str) \
279 	struct class_attribute_string class_attr_##_name = \
280 		_CLASS_ATTR_STRING(_name, _mode, _str)
281 
282 extern ssize_t show_class_attr_string(struct class *class, struct class_attribute *attr,
283                         char *buf);
284 
285 struct class_interface {
286 	struct list_head	node;
287 	struct class		*class;
288 
289 	int (*add_dev)		(struct device *, struct class_interface *);
290 	void (*remove_dev)	(struct device *, struct class_interface *);
291 };
292 
293 extern int __must_check class_interface_register(struct class_interface *);
294 extern void class_interface_unregister(struct class_interface *);
295 
296 extern struct class * __must_check __class_create(struct module *owner,
297 						  const char *name,
298 						  struct lock_class_key *key);
299 extern void class_destroy(struct class *cls);
300 
301 /* This is a #define to keep the compiler from merging different
302  * instances of the __key variable */
303 #define class_create(owner, name)		\
304 ({						\
305 	static struct lock_class_key __key;	\
306 	__class_create(owner, name, &__key);	\
307 })
308 
309 /*
310  * The type of device, "struct device" is embedded in. A class
311  * or bus can contain devices of different types
312  * like "partitions" and "disks", "mouse" and "event".
313  * This identifies the device type and carries type-specific
314  * information, equivalent to the kobj_type of a kobject.
315  * If "name" is specified, the uevent will contain it in
316  * the DEVTYPE variable.
317  */
318 struct device_type {
319 	const char *name;
320 	const struct attribute_group **groups;
321 	int (*uevent)(struct device *dev, struct kobj_uevent_env *env);
322 	char *(*devnode)(struct device *dev, mode_t *mode);
323 	void (*release)(struct device *dev);
324 
325 	const struct dev_pm_ops *pm;
326 };
327 
328 /* interface for exporting device attributes */
329 struct device_attribute {
330 	struct attribute	attr;
331 	ssize_t (*show)(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
332 			char *buf);
333 	ssize_t (*store)(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
334 			 const char *buf, size_t count);
335 };
336 
337 #define DEVICE_ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store) \
338 struct device_attribute dev_attr_##_name = __ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store)
339 
340 extern int __must_check device_create_file(struct device *device,
341 					const struct device_attribute *entry);
342 extern void device_remove_file(struct device *dev,
343 			       const struct device_attribute *attr);
344 extern int __must_check device_create_bin_file(struct device *dev,
345 					const struct bin_attribute *attr);
346 extern void device_remove_bin_file(struct device *dev,
347 				   const struct bin_attribute *attr);
348 extern int device_schedule_callback_owner(struct device *dev,
349 		void (*func)(struct device *dev), struct module *owner);
350 
351 /* This is a macro to avoid include problems with THIS_MODULE */
352 #define device_schedule_callback(dev, func)			\
353 	device_schedule_callback_owner(dev, func, THIS_MODULE)
354 
355 /* device resource management */
356 typedef void (*dr_release_t)(struct device *dev, void *res);
357 typedef int (*dr_match_t)(struct device *dev, void *res, void *match_data);
358 
359 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_DEVRES
360 extern void *__devres_alloc(dr_release_t release, size_t size, gfp_t gfp,
361 			     const char *name);
362 #define devres_alloc(release, size, gfp) \
363 	__devres_alloc(release, size, gfp, #release)
364 #else
365 extern void *devres_alloc(dr_release_t release, size_t size, gfp_t gfp);
366 #endif
367 extern void devres_free(void *res);
368 extern void devres_add(struct device *dev, void *res);
369 extern void *devres_find(struct device *dev, dr_release_t release,
370 			 dr_match_t match, void *match_data);
371 extern void *devres_get(struct device *dev, void *new_res,
372 			dr_match_t match, void *match_data);
373 extern void *devres_remove(struct device *dev, dr_release_t release,
374 			   dr_match_t match, void *match_data);
375 extern int devres_destroy(struct device *dev, dr_release_t release,
376 			  dr_match_t match, void *match_data);
377 
378 /* devres group */
379 extern void * __must_check devres_open_group(struct device *dev, void *id,
380 					     gfp_t gfp);
381 extern void devres_close_group(struct device *dev, void *id);
382 extern void devres_remove_group(struct device *dev, void *id);
383 extern int devres_release_group(struct device *dev, void *id);
384 
385 /* managed kzalloc/kfree for device drivers, no kmalloc, always use kzalloc */
386 extern void *devm_kzalloc(struct device *dev, size_t size, gfp_t gfp);
387 extern void devm_kfree(struct device *dev, void *p);
388 
389 struct device_dma_parameters {
390 	/*
391 	 * a low level driver may set these to teach IOMMU code about
392 	 * sg limitations.
393 	 */
394 	unsigned int max_segment_size;
395 	unsigned long segment_boundary_mask;
396 };
397 
398 struct device {
399 	struct device		*parent;
400 
401 	struct device_private	*p;
402 
403 	struct kobject kobj;
404 	const char		*init_name; /* initial name of the device */
405 	struct device_type	*type;
406 
407 	struct semaphore	sem;	/* semaphore to synchronize calls to
408 					 * its driver.
409 					 */
410 
411 	struct bus_type	*bus;		/* type of bus device is on */
412 	struct device_driver *driver;	/* which driver has allocated this
413 					   device */
414 	void		*platform_data;	/* Platform specific data, device
415 					   core doesn't touch it */
416 	struct dev_pm_info	power;
417 
418 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
419 	int		numa_node;	/* NUMA node this device is close to */
420 #endif
421 	u64		*dma_mask;	/* dma mask (if dma'able device) */
422 	u64		coherent_dma_mask;/* Like dma_mask, but for
423 					     alloc_coherent mappings as
424 					     not all hardware supports
425 					     64 bit addresses for consistent
426 					     allocations such descriptors. */
427 
428 	struct device_dma_parameters *dma_parms;
429 
430 	struct list_head	dma_pools;	/* dma pools (if dma'ble) */
431 
432 	struct dma_coherent_mem	*dma_mem; /* internal for coherent mem
433 					     override */
434 	/* arch specific additions */
435 	struct dev_archdata	archdata;
436 
437 	dev_t			devt;	/* dev_t, creates the sysfs "dev" */
438 
439 	spinlock_t		devres_lock;
440 	struct list_head	devres_head;
441 
442 	struct klist_node	knode_class;
443 	struct class		*class;
444 	const struct attribute_group **groups;	/* optional groups */
445 
446 	void	(*release)(struct device *dev);
447 };
448 
449 /* Get the wakeup routines, which depend on struct device */
450 #include <linux/pm_wakeup.h>
451 
452 static inline const char *dev_name(const struct device *dev)
453 {
454 	return kobject_name(&dev->kobj);
455 }
456 
457 extern int dev_set_name(struct device *dev, const char *name, ...)
458 			__attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
459 
460 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
461 static inline int dev_to_node(struct device *dev)
462 {
463 	return dev->numa_node;
464 }
465 static inline void set_dev_node(struct device *dev, int node)
466 {
467 	dev->numa_node = node;
468 }
469 #else
470 static inline int dev_to_node(struct device *dev)
471 {
472 	return -1;
473 }
474 static inline void set_dev_node(struct device *dev, int node)
475 {
476 }
477 #endif
478 
479 static inline unsigned int dev_get_uevent_suppress(const struct device *dev)
480 {
481 	return dev->kobj.uevent_suppress;
482 }
483 
484 static inline void dev_set_uevent_suppress(struct device *dev, int val)
485 {
486 	dev->kobj.uevent_suppress = val;
487 }
488 
489 static inline int device_is_registered(struct device *dev)
490 {
491 	return dev->kobj.state_in_sysfs;
492 }
493 
494 static inline void device_enable_async_suspend(struct device *dev)
495 {
496 	if (dev->power.status == DPM_ON)
497 		dev->power.async_suspend = true;
498 }
499 
500 static inline void device_disable_async_suspend(struct device *dev)
501 {
502 	if (dev->power.status == DPM_ON)
503 		dev->power.async_suspend = false;
504 }
505 
506 static inline bool device_async_suspend_enabled(struct device *dev)
507 {
508 	return !!dev->power.async_suspend;
509 }
510 
511 static inline void device_lock(struct device *dev)
512 {
513 	down(&dev->sem);
514 }
515 
516 static inline int device_trylock(struct device *dev)
517 {
518 	return down_trylock(&dev->sem);
519 }
520 
521 static inline void device_unlock(struct device *dev)
522 {
523 	up(&dev->sem);
524 }
525 
526 void driver_init(void);
527 
528 /*
529  * High level routines for use by the bus drivers
530  */
531 extern int __must_check device_register(struct device *dev);
532 extern void device_unregister(struct device *dev);
533 extern void device_initialize(struct device *dev);
534 extern int __must_check device_add(struct device *dev);
535 extern void device_del(struct device *dev);
536 extern int device_for_each_child(struct device *dev, void *data,
537 		     int (*fn)(struct device *dev, void *data));
538 extern struct device *device_find_child(struct device *dev, void *data,
539 				int (*match)(struct device *dev, void *data));
540 extern int device_rename(struct device *dev, char *new_name);
541 extern int device_move(struct device *dev, struct device *new_parent,
542 		       enum dpm_order dpm_order);
543 extern const char *device_get_devnode(struct device *dev,
544 				      mode_t *mode, const char **tmp);
545 extern void *dev_get_drvdata(const struct device *dev);
546 extern void dev_set_drvdata(struct device *dev, void *data);
547 
548 /*
549  * Root device objects for grouping under /sys/devices
550  */
551 extern struct device *__root_device_register(const char *name,
552 					     struct module *owner);
553 static inline struct device *root_device_register(const char *name)
554 {
555 	return __root_device_register(name, THIS_MODULE);
556 }
557 extern void root_device_unregister(struct device *root);
558 
559 static inline void *dev_get_platdata(const struct device *dev)
560 {
561 	return dev->platform_data;
562 }
563 
564 /*
565  * Manual binding of a device to driver. See drivers/base/bus.c
566  * for information on use.
567  */
568 extern int __must_check device_bind_driver(struct device *dev);
569 extern void device_release_driver(struct device *dev);
570 extern int  __must_check device_attach(struct device *dev);
571 extern int __must_check driver_attach(struct device_driver *drv);
572 extern int __must_check device_reprobe(struct device *dev);
573 
574 /*
575  * Easy functions for dynamically creating devices on the fly
576  */
577 extern struct device *device_create_vargs(struct class *cls,
578 					  struct device *parent,
579 					  dev_t devt,
580 					  void *drvdata,
581 					  const char *fmt,
582 					  va_list vargs);
583 extern struct device *device_create(struct class *cls, struct device *parent,
584 				    dev_t devt, void *drvdata,
585 				    const char *fmt, ...)
586 				    __attribute__((format(printf, 5, 6)));
587 extern void device_destroy(struct class *cls, dev_t devt);
588 
589 /*
590  * Platform "fixup" functions - allow the platform to have their say
591  * about devices and actions that the general device layer doesn't
592  * know about.
593  */
594 /* Notify platform of device discovery */
595 extern int (*platform_notify)(struct device *dev);
596 
597 extern int (*platform_notify_remove)(struct device *dev);
598 
599 
600 /**
601  * get_device - atomically increment the reference count for the device.
602  *
603  */
604 extern struct device *get_device(struct device *dev);
605 extern void put_device(struct device *dev);
606 
607 extern void wait_for_device_probe(void);
608 
609 #ifdef CONFIG_DEVTMPFS
610 extern int devtmpfs_create_node(struct device *dev);
611 extern int devtmpfs_delete_node(struct device *dev);
612 extern int devtmpfs_mount(const char *mntdir);
613 #else
614 static inline int devtmpfs_create_node(struct device *dev) { return 0; }
615 static inline int devtmpfs_delete_node(struct device *dev) { return 0; }
616 static inline int devtmpfs_mount(const char *mountpoint) { return 0; }
617 #endif
618 
619 /* drivers/base/power/shutdown.c */
620 extern void device_shutdown(void);
621 
622 /* drivers/base/sys.c */
623 extern void sysdev_shutdown(void);
624 
625 /* debugging and troubleshooting/diagnostic helpers. */
626 extern const char *dev_driver_string(const struct device *dev);
627 #define dev_printk(level, dev, format, arg...)	\
628 	printk(level "%s %s: " format , dev_driver_string(dev) , \
629 	       dev_name(dev) , ## arg)
630 
631 #define dev_emerg(dev, format, arg...)		\
632 	dev_printk(KERN_EMERG , dev , format , ## arg)
633 #define dev_alert(dev, format, arg...)		\
634 	dev_printk(KERN_ALERT , dev , format , ## arg)
635 #define dev_crit(dev, format, arg...)		\
636 	dev_printk(KERN_CRIT , dev , format , ## arg)
637 #define dev_err(dev, format, arg...)		\
638 	dev_printk(KERN_ERR , dev , format , ## arg)
639 #define dev_warn(dev, format, arg...)		\
640 	dev_printk(KERN_WARNING , dev , format , ## arg)
641 #define dev_notice(dev, format, arg...)		\
642 	dev_printk(KERN_NOTICE , dev , format , ## arg)
643 #define dev_info(dev, format, arg...)		\
644 	dev_printk(KERN_INFO , dev , format , ## arg)
645 
646 #if defined(DEBUG)
647 #define dev_dbg(dev, format, arg...)		\
648 	dev_printk(KERN_DEBUG , dev , format , ## arg)
649 #elif defined(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG)
650 #define dev_dbg(dev, format, ...) do { \
651 	dynamic_dev_dbg(dev, format, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
652 	} while (0)
653 #else
654 #define dev_dbg(dev, format, arg...)		\
655 	({ if (0) dev_printk(KERN_DEBUG, dev, format, ##arg); 0; })
656 #endif
657 
658 #ifdef VERBOSE_DEBUG
659 #define dev_vdbg	dev_dbg
660 #else
661 
662 #define dev_vdbg(dev, format, arg...)		\
663 	({ if (0) dev_printk(KERN_DEBUG, dev, format, ##arg); 0; })
664 #endif
665 
666 /*
667  * dev_WARN() acts like dev_printk(), but with the key difference
668  * of using a WARN/WARN_ON to get the message out, including the
669  * file/line information and a backtrace.
670  */
671 #define dev_WARN(dev, format, arg...) \
672 	WARN(1, "Device: %s\n" format, dev_driver_string(dev), ## arg);
673 
674 /* Create alias, so I can be autoloaded. */
675 #define MODULE_ALIAS_CHARDEV(major,minor) \
676 	MODULE_ALIAS("char-major-" __stringify(major) "-" __stringify(minor))
677 #define MODULE_ALIAS_CHARDEV_MAJOR(major) \
678 	MODULE_ALIAS("char-major-" __stringify(major) "-*")
679 #endif /* _DEVICE_H_ */
680