xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/dcache.h (revision fccc2b36)
1 #ifndef __LINUX_DCACHE_H
2 #define __LINUX_DCACHE_H
3 
4 #include <linux/atomic.h>
5 #include <linux/list.h>
6 #include <linux/rculist.h>
7 #include <linux/rculist_bl.h>
8 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
9 #include <linux/seqlock.h>
10 #include <linux/cache.h>
11 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
12 #include <linux/lockref.h>
13 
14 struct path;
15 struct vfsmount;
16 
17 /*
18  * linux/include/linux/dcache.h
19  *
20  * Dirent cache data structures
21  *
22  * (C) Copyright 1997 Thomas Schoebel-Theuer,
23  * with heavy changes by Linus Torvalds
24  */
25 
26 #define IS_ROOT(x) ((x) == (x)->d_parent)
27 
28 /* The hash is always the low bits of hash_len */
29 #ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN
30  #define HASH_LEN_DECLARE u32 hash; u32 len
31  #define bytemask_from_count(cnt)	(~(~0ul << (cnt)*8))
32 #else
33  #define HASH_LEN_DECLARE u32 len; u32 hash
34  #define bytemask_from_count(cnt)	(~(~0ul >> (cnt)*8))
35 #endif
36 
37 /*
38  * "quick string" -- eases parameter passing, but more importantly
39  * saves "metadata" about the string (ie length and the hash).
40  *
41  * hash comes first so it snuggles against d_parent in the
42  * dentry.
43  */
44 struct qstr {
45 	union {
46 		struct {
47 			HASH_LEN_DECLARE;
48 		};
49 		u64 hash_len;
50 	};
51 	const unsigned char *name;
52 };
53 
54 #define QSTR_INIT(n,l) { { { .len = l } }, .name = n }
55 #define hashlen_hash(hashlen) ((u32) (hashlen))
56 #define hashlen_len(hashlen)  ((u32)((hashlen) >> 32))
57 #define hashlen_create(hash,len) (((u64)(len)<<32)|(u32)(hash))
58 
59 struct dentry_stat_t {
60 	long nr_dentry;
61 	long nr_unused;
62 	long age_limit;          /* age in seconds */
63 	long want_pages;         /* pages requested by system */
64 	long dummy[2];
65 };
66 extern struct dentry_stat_t dentry_stat;
67 
68 /* Name hashing routines. Initial hash value */
69 /* Hash courtesy of the R5 hash in reiserfs modulo sign bits */
70 #define init_name_hash()		0
71 
72 /* partial hash update function. Assume roughly 4 bits per character */
73 static inline unsigned long
74 partial_name_hash(unsigned long c, unsigned long prevhash)
75 {
76 	return (prevhash + (c << 4) + (c >> 4)) * 11;
77 }
78 
79 /*
80  * Finally: cut down the number of bits to a int value (and try to avoid
81  * losing bits)
82  */
83 static inline unsigned long end_name_hash(unsigned long hash)
84 {
85 	return (unsigned int) hash;
86 }
87 
88 /* Compute the hash for a name string. */
89 extern unsigned int full_name_hash(const unsigned char *, unsigned int);
90 
91 /*
92  * Try to keep struct dentry aligned on 64 byte cachelines (this will
93  * give reasonable cacheline footprint with larger lines without the
94  * large memory footprint increase).
95  */
96 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
97 # define DNAME_INLINE_LEN 32 /* 192 bytes */
98 #else
99 # ifdef CONFIG_SMP
100 #  define DNAME_INLINE_LEN 36 /* 128 bytes */
101 # else
102 #  define DNAME_INLINE_LEN 40 /* 128 bytes */
103 # endif
104 #endif
105 
106 #define d_lock	d_lockref.lock
107 
108 struct dentry {
109 	/* RCU lookup touched fields */
110 	unsigned int d_flags;		/* protected by d_lock */
111 	seqcount_t d_seq;		/* per dentry seqlock */
112 	struct hlist_bl_node d_hash;	/* lookup hash list */
113 	struct dentry *d_parent;	/* parent directory */
114 	struct qstr d_name;
115 	struct inode *d_inode;		/* Where the name belongs to - NULL is
116 					 * negative */
117 	unsigned char d_iname[DNAME_INLINE_LEN];	/* small names */
118 
119 	/* Ref lookup also touches following */
120 	struct lockref d_lockref;	/* per-dentry lock and refcount */
121 	const struct dentry_operations *d_op;
122 	struct super_block *d_sb;	/* The root of the dentry tree */
123 	unsigned long d_time;		/* used by d_revalidate */
124 	void *d_fsdata;			/* fs-specific data */
125 
126 	struct list_head d_lru;		/* LRU list */
127 	struct list_head d_child;	/* child of parent list */
128 	struct list_head d_subdirs;	/* our children */
129 	/*
130 	 * d_alias and d_rcu can share memory
131 	 */
132 	union {
133 		struct hlist_node d_alias;	/* inode alias list */
134 	 	struct rcu_head d_rcu;
135 	} d_u;
136 };
137 
138 /*
139  * dentry->d_lock spinlock nesting subclasses:
140  *
141  * 0: normal
142  * 1: nested
143  */
144 enum dentry_d_lock_class
145 {
146 	DENTRY_D_LOCK_NORMAL, /* implicitly used by plain spin_lock() APIs. */
147 	DENTRY_D_LOCK_NESTED
148 };
149 
150 struct dentry_operations {
151 	int (*d_revalidate)(struct dentry *, unsigned int);
152 	int (*d_weak_revalidate)(struct dentry *, unsigned int);
153 	int (*d_hash)(const struct dentry *, struct qstr *);
154 	int (*d_compare)(const struct dentry *, const struct dentry *,
155 			unsigned int, const char *, const struct qstr *);
156 	int (*d_delete)(const struct dentry *);
157 	void (*d_release)(struct dentry *);
158 	void (*d_prune)(struct dentry *);
159 	void (*d_iput)(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
160 	char *(*d_dname)(struct dentry *, char *, int);
161 	struct vfsmount *(*d_automount)(struct path *);
162 	int (*d_manage)(struct dentry *, bool);
163 	struct inode *(*d_select_inode)(struct dentry *, unsigned);
164 } ____cacheline_aligned;
165 
166 /*
167  * Locking rules for dentry_operations callbacks are to be found in
168  * Documentation/filesystems/Locking. Keep it updated!
169  *
170  * FUrther descriptions are found in Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt.
171  * Keep it updated too!
172  */
173 
174 /* d_flags entries */
175 #define DCACHE_OP_HASH			0x00000001
176 #define DCACHE_OP_COMPARE		0x00000002
177 #define DCACHE_OP_REVALIDATE		0x00000004
178 #define DCACHE_OP_DELETE		0x00000008
179 #define DCACHE_OP_PRUNE			0x00000010
180 
181 #define	DCACHE_DISCONNECTED		0x00000020
182      /* This dentry is possibly not currently connected to the dcache tree, in
183       * which case its parent will either be itself, or will have this flag as
184       * well.  nfsd will not use a dentry with this bit set, but will first
185       * endeavour to clear the bit either by discovering that it is connected,
186       * or by performing lookup operations.   Any filesystem which supports
187       * nfsd_operations MUST have a lookup function which, if it finds a
188       * directory inode with a DCACHE_DISCONNECTED dentry, will d_move that
189       * dentry into place and return that dentry rather than the passed one,
190       * typically using d_splice_alias. */
191 
192 #define DCACHE_REFERENCED		0x00000040 /* Recently used, don't discard. */
193 #define DCACHE_RCUACCESS		0x00000080 /* Entry has ever been RCU-visible */
194 
195 #define DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT		0x00000100
196 #define DCACHE_GENOCIDE			0x00000200
197 #define DCACHE_SHRINK_LIST		0x00000400
198 
199 #define DCACHE_OP_WEAK_REVALIDATE	0x00000800
200 
201 #define DCACHE_NFSFS_RENAMED		0x00001000
202      /* this dentry has been "silly renamed" and has to be deleted on the last
203       * dput() */
204 #define DCACHE_COOKIE			0x00002000 /* For use by dcookie subsystem */
205 #define DCACHE_FSNOTIFY_PARENT_WATCHED	0x00004000
206      /* Parent inode is watched by some fsnotify listener */
207 
208 #define DCACHE_DENTRY_KILLED		0x00008000
209 
210 #define DCACHE_MOUNTED			0x00010000 /* is a mountpoint */
211 #define DCACHE_NEED_AUTOMOUNT		0x00020000 /* handle automount on this dir */
212 #define DCACHE_MANAGE_TRANSIT		0x00040000 /* manage transit from this dirent */
213 #define DCACHE_MANAGED_DENTRY \
214 	(DCACHE_MOUNTED|DCACHE_NEED_AUTOMOUNT|DCACHE_MANAGE_TRANSIT)
215 
216 #define DCACHE_LRU_LIST			0x00080000
217 
218 #define DCACHE_ENTRY_TYPE		0x00700000
219 #define DCACHE_MISS_TYPE		0x00000000 /* Negative dentry (maybe fallthru to nowhere) */
220 #define DCACHE_WHITEOUT_TYPE		0x00100000 /* Whiteout dentry (stop pathwalk) */
221 #define DCACHE_DIRECTORY_TYPE		0x00200000 /* Normal directory */
222 #define DCACHE_AUTODIR_TYPE		0x00300000 /* Lookupless directory (presumed automount) */
223 #define DCACHE_REGULAR_TYPE		0x00400000 /* Regular file type (or fallthru to such) */
224 #define DCACHE_SPECIAL_TYPE		0x00500000 /* Other file type (or fallthru to such) */
225 #define DCACHE_SYMLINK_TYPE		0x00600000 /* Symlink (or fallthru to such) */
226 
227 #define DCACHE_MAY_FREE			0x00800000
228 #define DCACHE_FALLTHRU			0x01000000 /* Fall through to lower layer */
229 #define DCACHE_OP_SELECT_INODE		0x02000000 /* Unioned entry: dcache op selects inode */
230 
231 #define DCACHE_ENCRYPTED_WITH_KEY	0x04000000 /* dir is encrypted with a valid key */
232 
233 extern seqlock_t rename_lock;
234 
235 /*
236  * These are the low-level FS interfaces to the dcache..
237  */
238 extern void d_instantiate(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
239 extern struct dentry * d_instantiate_unique(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
240 extern int d_instantiate_no_diralias(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
241 extern void __d_drop(struct dentry *dentry);
242 extern void d_drop(struct dentry *dentry);
243 extern void d_delete(struct dentry *);
244 extern void d_set_d_op(struct dentry *dentry, const struct dentry_operations *op);
245 
246 /* allocate/de-allocate */
247 extern struct dentry * d_alloc(struct dentry *, const struct qstr *);
248 extern struct dentry * d_alloc_pseudo(struct super_block *, const struct qstr *);
249 extern struct dentry * d_splice_alias(struct inode *, struct dentry *);
250 extern struct dentry * d_add_ci(struct dentry *, struct inode *, struct qstr *);
251 extern struct dentry * d_exact_alias(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
252 extern struct dentry *d_find_any_alias(struct inode *inode);
253 extern struct dentry * d_obtain_alias(struct inode *);
254 extern struct dentry * d_obtain_root(struct inode *);
255 extern void shrink_dcache_sb(struct super_block *);
256 extern void shrink_dcache_parent(struct dentry *);
257 extern void shrink_dcache_for_umount(struct super_block *);
258 extern void d_invalidate(struct dentry *);
259 
260 /* only used at mount-time */
261 extern struct dentry * d_make_root(struct inode *);
262 
263 /* <clickety>-<click> the ramfs-type tree */
264 extern void d_genocide(struct dentry *);
265 
266 extern void d_tmpfile(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
267 
268 extern struct dentry *d_find_alias(struct inode *);
269 extern void d_prune_aliases(struct inode *);
270 
271 /* test whether we have any submounts in a subdir tree */
272 extern int have_submounts(struct dentry *);
273 
274 /*
275  * This adds the entry to the hash queues.
276  */
277 extern void d_rehash(struct dentry *);
278 
279 extern void d_add(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
280 
281 extern void dentry_update_name_case(struct dentry *, struct qstr *);
282 
283 /* used for rename() and baskets */
284 extern void d_move(struct dentry *, struct dentry *);
285 extern void d_exchange(struct dentry *, struct dentry *);
286 extern struct dentry *d_ancestor(struct dentry *, struct dentry *);
287 
288 /* appendix may either be NULL or be used for transname suffixes */
289 extern struct dentry *d_lookup(const struct dentry *, const struct qstr *);
290 extern struct dentry *d_hash_and_lookup(struct dentry *, struct qstr *);
291 extern struct dentry *__d_lookup(const struct dentry *, const struct qstr *);
292 extern struct dentry *__d_lookup_rcu(const struct dentry *parent,
293 				const struct qstr *name, unsigned *seq);
294 
295 static inline unsigned d_count(const struct dentry *dentry)
296 {
297 	return dentry->d_lockref.count;
298 }
299 
300 /*
301  * helper function for dentry_operations.d_dname() members
302  */
303 extern __printf(4, 5)
304 char *dynamic_dname(struct dentry *, char *, int, const char *, ...);
305 extern char *simple_dname(struct dentry *, char *, int);
306 
307 extern char *__d_path(const struct path *, const struct path *, char *, int);
308 extern char *d_absolute_path(const struct path *, char *, int);
309 extern char *d_path(const struct path *, char *, int);
310 extern char *dentry_path_raw(struct dentry *, char *, int);
311 extern char *dentry_path(struct dentry *, char *, int);
312 
313 /* Allocation counts.. */
314 
315 /**
316  *	dget, dget_dlock -	get a reference to a dentry
317  *	@dentry: dentry to get a reference to
318  *
319  *	Given a dentry or %NULL pointer increment the reference count
320  *	if appropriate and return the dentry. A dentry will not be
321  *	destroyed when it has references.
322  */
323 static inline struct dentry *dget_dlock(struct dentry *dentry)
324 {
325 	if (dentry)
326 		dentry->d_lockref.count++;
327 	return dentry;
328 }
329 
330 static inline struct dentry *dget(struct dentry *dentry)
331 {
332 	if (dentry)
333 		lockref_get(&dentry->d_lockref);
334 	return dentry;
335 }
336 
337 extern struct dentry *dget_parent(struct dentry *dentry);
338 
339 /**
340  *	d_unhashed -	is dentry hashed
341  *	@dentry: entry to check
342  *
343  *	Returns true if the dentry passed is not currently hashed.
344  */
345 
346 static inline int d_unhashed(const struct dentry *dentry)
347 {
348 	return hlist_bl_unhashed(&dentry->d_hash);
349 }
350 
351 static inline int d_unlinked(const struct dentry *dentry)
352 {
353 	return d_unhashed(dentry) && !IS_ROOT(dentry);
354 }
355 
356 static inline int cant_mount(const struct dentry *dentry)
357 {
358 	return (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT);
359 }
360 
361 static inline void dont_mount(struct dentry *dentry)
362 {
363 	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
364 	dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT;
365 	spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
366 }
367 
368 extern void dput(struct dentry *);
369 
370 static inline bool d_managed(const struct dentry *dentry)
371 {
372 	return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_MANAGED_DENTRY;
373 }
374 
375 static inline bool d_mountpoint(const struct dentry *dentry)
376 {
377 	return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_MOUNTED;
378 }
379 
380 /*
381  * Directory cache entry type accessor functions.
382  */
383 static inline unsigned __d_entry_type(const struct dentry *dentry)
384 {
385 	return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_ENTRY_TYPE;
386 }
387 
388 static inline bool d_is_miss(const struct dentry *dentry)
389 {
390 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_MISS_TYPE;
391 }
392 
393 static inline bool d_is_whiteout(const struct dentry *dentry)
394 {
395 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_WHITEOUT_TYPE;
396 }
397 
398 static inline bool d_can_lookup(const struct dentry *dentry)
399 {
400 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_DIRECTORY_TYPE;
401 }
402 
403 static inline bool d_is_autodir(const struct dentry *dentry)
404 {
405 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_AUTODIR_TYPE;
406 }
407 
408 static inline bool d_is_dir(const struct dentry *dentry)
409 {
410 	return d_can_lookup(dentry) || d_is_autodir(dentry);
411 }
412 
413 static inline bool d_is_symlink(const struct dentry *dentry)
414 {
415 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_SYMLINK_TYPE;
416 }
417 
418 static inline bool d_is_reg(const struct dentry *dentry)
419 {
420 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_REGULAR_TYPE;
421 }
422 
423 static inline bool d_is_special(const struct dentry *dentry)
424 {
425 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_SPECIAL_TYPE;
426 }
427 
428 static inline bool d_is_file(const struct dentry *dentry)
429 {
430 	return d_is_reg(dentry) || d_is_special(dentry);
431 }
432 
433 static inline bool d_is_negative(const struct dentry *dentry)
434 {
435 	// TODO: check d_is_whiteout(dentry) also.
436 	return d_is_miss(dentry);
437 }
438 
439 static inline bool d_is_positive(const struct dentry *dentry)
440 {
441 	return !d_is_negative(dentry);
442 }
443 
444 /**
445  * d_really_is_negative - Determine if a dentry is really negative (ignoring fallthroughs)
446  * @dentry: The dentry in question
447  *
448  * Returns true if the dentry represents either an absent name or a name that
449  * doesn't map to an inode (ie. ->d_inode is NULL).  The dentry could represent
450  * a true miss, a whiteout that isn't represented by a 0,0 chardev or a
451  * fallthrough marker in an opaque directory.
452  *
453  * Note!  (1) This should be used *only* by a filesystem to examine its own
454  * dentries.  It should not be used to look at some other filesystem's
455  * dentries.  (2) It should also be used in combination with d_inode() to get
456  * the inode.  (3) The dentry may have something attached to ->d_lower and the
457  * type field of the flags may be set to something other than miss or whiteout.
458  */
459 static inline bool d_really_is_negative(const struct dentry *dentry)
460 {
461 	return dentry->d_inode == NULL;
462 }
463 
464 /**
465  * d_really_is_positive - Determine if a dentry is really positive (ignoring fallthroughs)
466  * @dentry: The dentry in question
467  *
468  * Returns true if the dentry represents a name that maps to an inode
469  * (ie. ->d_inode is not NULL).  The dentry might still represent a whiteout if
470  * that is represented on medium as a 0,0 chardev.
471  *
472  * Note!  (1) This should be used *only* by a filesystem to examine its own
473  * dentries.  It should not be used to look at some other filesystem's
474  * dentries.  (2) It should also be used in combination with d_inode() to get
475  * the inode.
476  */
477 static inline bool d_really_is_positive(const struct dentry *dentry)
478 {
479 	return dentry->d_inode != NULL;
480 }
481 
482 static inline int simple_positive(struct dentry *dentry)
483 {
484 	return d_really_is_positive(dentry) && !d_unhashed(dentry);
485 }
486 
487 extern void d_set_fallthru(struct dentry *dentry);
488 
489 static inline bool d_is_fallthru(const struct dentry *dentry)
490 {
491 	return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_FALLTHRU;
492 }
493 
494 
495 extern int sysctl_vfs_cache_pressure;
496 
497 static inline unsigned long vfs_pressure_ratio(unsigned long val)
498 {
499 	return mult_frac(val, sysctl_vfs_cache_pressure, 100);
500 }
501 
502 /**
503  * d_inode - Get the actual inode of this dentry
504  * @dentry: The dentry to query
505  *
506  * This is the helper normal filesystems should use to get at their own inodes
507  * in their own dentries and ignore the layering superimposed upon them.
508  */
509 static inline struct inode *d_inode(const struct dentry *dentry)
510 {
511 	return dentry->d_inode;
512 }
513 
514 /**
515  * d_inode_rcu - Get the actual inode of this dentry with ACCESS_ONCE()
516  * @dentry: The dentry to query
517  *
518  * This is the helper normal filesystems should use to get at their own inodes
519  * in their own dentries and ignore the layering superimposed upon them.
520  */
521 static inline struct inode *d_inode_rcu(const struct dentry *dentry)
522 {
523 	return ACCESS_ONCE(dentry->d_inode);
524 }
525 
526 /**
527  * d_backing_inode - Get upper or lower inode we should be using
528  * @upper: The upper layer
529  *
530  * This is the helper that should be used to get at the inode that will be used
531  * if this dentry were to be opened as a file.  The inode may be on the upper
532  * dentry or it may be on a lower dentry pinned by the upper.
533  *
534  * Normal filesystems should not use this to access their own inodes.
535  */
536 static inline struct inode *d_backing_inode(const struct dentry *upper)
537 {
538 	struct inode *inode = upper->d_inode;
539 
540 	return inode;
541 }
542 
543 /**
544  * d_backing_dentry - Get upper or lower dentry we should be using
545  * @upper: The upper layer
546  *
547  * This is the helper that should be used to get the dentry of the inode that
548  * will be used if this dentry were opened as a file.  It may be the upper
549  * dentry or it may be a lower dentry pinned by the upper.
550  *
551  * Normal filesystems should not use this to access their own dentries.
552  */
553 static inline struct dentry *d_backing_dentry(struct dentry *upper)
554 {
555 	return upper;
556 }
557 
558 #endif	/* __LINUX_DCACHE_H */
559