xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/dcache.h (revision bbb03029)
1 #ifndef __LINUX_DCACHE_H
2 #define __LINUX_DCACHE_H
3 
4 #include <linux/atomic.h>
5 #include <linux/list.h>
6 #include <linux/rculist.h>
7 #include <linux/rculist_bl.h>
8 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
9 #include <linux/seqlock.h>
10 #include <linux/cache.h>
11 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
12 #include <linux/lockref.h>
13 #include <linux/stringhash.h>
14 #include <linux/wait.h>
15 
16 struct path;
17 struct vfsmount;
18 
19 /*
20  * linux/include/linux/dcache.h
21  *
22  * Dirent cache data structures
23  *
24  * (C) Copyright 1997 Thomas Schoebel-Theuer,
25  * with heavy changes by Linus Torvalds
26  */
27 
28 #define IS_ROOT(x) ((x) == (x)->d_parent)
29 
30 /* The hash is always the low bits of hash_len */
31 #ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN
32  #define HASH_LEN_DECLARE u32 hash; u32 len
33  #define bytemask_from_count(cnt)	(~(~0ul << (cnt)*8))
34 #else
35  #define HASH_LEN_DECLARE u32 len; u32 hash
36  #define bytemask_from_count(cnt)	(~(~0ul >> (cnt)*8))
37 #endif
38 
39 /*
40  * "quick string" -- eases parameter passing, but more importantly
41  * saves "metadata" about the string (ie length and the hash).
42  *
43  * hash comes first so it snuggles against d_parent in the
44  * dentry.
45  */
46 struct qstr {
47 	union {
48 		struct {
49 			HASH_LEN_DECLARE;
50 		};
51 		u64 hash_len;
52 	};
53 	const unsigned char *name;
54 };
55 
56 #define QSTR_INIT(n,l) { { { .len = l } }, .name = n }
57 
58 extern const char empty_string[];
59 extern const struct qstr empty_name;
60 extern const char slash_string[];
61 extern const struct qstr slash_name;
62 
63 struct dentry_stat_t {
64 	long nr_dentry;
65 	long nr_unused;
66 	long age_limit;          /* age in seconds */
67 	long want_pages;         /* pages requested by system */
68 	long dummy[2];
69 };
70 extern struct dentry_stat_t dentry_stat;
71 
72 /*
73  * Try to keep struct dentry aligned on 64 byte cachelines (this will
74  * give reasonable cacheline footprint with larger lines without the
75  * large memory footprint increase).
76  */
77 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
78 # define DNAME_INLINE_LEN 32 /* 192 bytes */
79 #else
80 # ifdef CONFIG_SMP
81 #  define DNAME_INLINE_LEN 36 /* 128 bytes */
82 # else
83 #  define DNAME_INLINE_LEN 40 /* 128 bytes */
84 # endif
85 #endif
86 
87 #define d_lock	d_lockref.lock
88 
89 struct dentry {
90 	/* RCU lookup touched fields */
91 	unsigned int d_flags;		/* protected by d_lock */
92 	seqcount_t d_seq;		/* per dentry seqlock */
93 	struct hlist_bl_node d_hash;	/* lookup hash list */
94 	struct dentry *d_parent;	/* parent directory */
95 	struct qstr d_name;
96 	struct inode *d_inode;		/* Where the name belongs to - NULL is
97 					 * negative */
98 	unsigned char d_iname[DNAME_INLINE_LEN];	/* small names */
99 
100 	/* Ref lookup also touches following */
101 	struct lockref d_lockref;	/* per-dentry lock and refcount */
102 	const struct dentry_operations *d_op;
103 	struct super_block *d_sb;	/* The root of the dentry tree */
104 	unsigned long d_time;		/* used by d_revalidate */
105 	void *d_fsdata;			/* fs-specific data */
106 
107 	union {
108 		struct list_head d_lru;		/* LRU list */
109 		wait_queue_head_t *d_wait;	/* in-lookup ones only */
110 	};
111 	struct list_head d_child;	/* child of parent list */
112 	struct list_head d_subdirs;	/* our children */
113 	/*
114 	 * d_alias and d_rcu can share memory
115 	 */
116 	union {
117 		struct hlist_node d_alias;	/* inode alias list */
118 		struct hlist_bl_node d_in_lookup_hash;	/* only for in-lookup ones */
119 	 	struct rcu_head d_rcu;
120 	} d_u;
121 } __randomize_layout;
122 
123 /*
124  * dentry->d_lock spinlock nesting subclasses:
125  *
126  * 0: normal
127  * 1: nested
128  */
129 enum dentry_d_lock_class
130 {
131 	DENTRY_D_LOCK_NORMAL, /* implicitly used by plain spin_lock() APIs. */
132 	DENTRY_D_LOCK_NESTED
133 };
134 
135 struct dentry_operations {
136 	int (*d_revalidate)(struct dentry *, unsigned int);
137 	int (*d_weak_revalidate)(struct dentry *, unsigned int);
138 	int (*d_hash)(const struct dentry *, struct qstr *);
139 	int (*d_compare)(const struct dentry *,
140 			unsigned int, const char *, const struct qstr *);
141 	int (*d_delete)(const struct dentry *);
142 	int (*d_init)(struct dentry *);
143 	void (*d_release)(struct dentry *);
144 	void (*d_prune)(struct dentry *);
145 	void (*d_iput)(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
146 	char *(*d_dname)(struct dentry *, char *, int);
147 	struct vfsmount *(*d_automount)(struct path *);
148 	int (*d_manage)(const struct path *, bool);
149 	struct dentry *(*d_real)(struct dentry *, const struct inode *,
150 				 unsigned int);
151 } ____cacheline_aligned;
152 
153 /*
154  * Locking rules for dentry_operations callbacks are to be found in
155  * Documentation/filesystems/Locking. Keep it updated!
156  *
157  * FUrther descriptions are found in Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt.
158  * Keep it updated too!
159  */
160 
161 /* d_flags entries */
162 #define DCACHE_OP_HASH			0x00000001
163 #define DCACHE_OP_COMPARE		0x00000002
164 #define DCACHE_OP_REVALIDATE		0x00000004
165 #define DCACHE_OP_DELETE		0x00000008
166 #define DCACHE_OP_PRUNE			0x00000010
167 
168 #define	DCACHE_DISCONNECTED		0x00000020
169      /* This dentry is possibly not currently connected to the dcache tree, in
170       * which case its parent will either be itself, or will have this flag as
171       * well.  nfsd will not use a dentry with this bit set, but will first
172       * endeavour to clear the bit either by discovering that it is connected,
173       * or by performing lookup operations.   Any filesystem which supports
174       * nfsd_operations MUST have a lookup function which, if it finds a
175       * directory inode with a DCACHE_DISCONNECTED dentry, will d_move that
176       * dentry into place and return that dentry rather than the passed one,
177       * typically using d_splice_alias. */
178 
179 #define DCACHE_REFERENCED		0x00000040 /* Recently used, don't discard. */
180 #define DCACHE_RCUACCESS		0x00000080 /* Entry has ever been RCU-visible */
181 
182 #define DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT		0x00000100
183 #define DCACHE_GENOCIDE			0x00000200
184 #define DCACHE_SHRINK_LIST		0x00000400
185 
186 #define DCACHE_OP_WEAK_REVALIDATE	0x00000800
187 
188 #define DCACHE_NFSFS_RENAMED		0x00001000
189      /* this dentry has been "silly renamed" and has to be deleted on the last
190       * dput() */
191 #define DCACHE_COOKIE			0x00002000 /* For use by dcookie subsystem */
192 #define DCACHE_FSNOTIFY_PARENT_WATCHED	0x00004000
193      /* Parent inode is watched by some fsnotify listener */
194 
195 #define DCACHE_DENTRY_KILLED		0x00008000
196 
197 #define DCACHE_MOUNTED			0x00010000 /* is a mountpoint */
198 #define DCACHE_NEED_AUTOMOUNT		0x00020000 /* handle automount on this dir */
199 #define DCACHE_MANAGE_TRANSIT		0x00040000 /* manage transit from this dirent */
200 #define DCACHE_MANAGED_DENTRY \
201 	(DCACHE_MOUNTED|DCACHE_NEED_AUTOMOUNT|DCACHE_MANAGE_TRANSIT)
202 
203 #define DCACHE_LRU_LIST			0x00080000
204 
205 #define DCACHE_ENTRY_TYPE		0x00700000
206 #define DCACHE_MISS_TYPE		0x00000000 /* Negative dentry (maybe fallthru to nowhere) */
207 #define DCACHE_WHITEOUT_TYPE		0x00100000 /* Whiteout dentry (stop pathwalk) */
208 #define DCACHE_DIRECTORY_TYPE		0x00200000 /* Normal directory */
209 #define DCACHE_AUTODIR_TYPE		0x00300000 /* Lookupless directory (presumed automount) */
210 #define DCACHE_REGULAR_TYPE		0x00400000 /* Regular file type (or fallthru to such) */
211 #define DCACHE_SPECIAL_TYPE		0x00500000 /* Other file type (or fallthru to such) */
212 #define DCACHE_SYMLINK_TYPE		0x00600000 /* Symlink (or fallthru to such) */
213 
214 #define DCACHE_MAY_FREE			0x00800000
215 #define DCACHE_FALLTHRU			0x01000000 /* Fall through to lower layer */
216 #define DCACHE_ENCRYPTED_WITH_KEY	0x02000000 /* dir is encrypted with a valid key */
217 #define DCACHE_OP_REAL			0x04000000
218 
219 #define DCACHE_PAR_LOOKUP		0x10000000 /* being looked up (with parent locked shared) */
220 #define DCACHE_DENTRY_CURSOR		0x20000000
221 
222 extern seqlock_t rename_lock;
223 
224 /*
225  * These are the low-level FS interfaces to the dcache..
226  */
227 extern void d_instantiate(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
228 extern struct dentry * d_instantiate_unique(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
229 extern int d_instantiate_no_diralias(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
230 extern void __d_drop(struct dentry *dentry);
231 extern void d_drop(struct dentry *dentry);
232 extern void d_delete(struct dentry *);
233 extern void d_set_d_op(struct dentry *dentry, const struct dentry_operations *op);
234 
235 /* allocate/de-allocate */
236 extern struct dentry * d_alloc(struct dentry *, const struct qstr *);
237 extern struct dentry * d_alloc_pseudo(struct super_block *, const struct qstr *);
238 extern struct dentry * d_alloc_parallel(struct dentry *, const struct qstr *,
239 					wait_queue_head_t *);
240 extern struct dentry * d_splice_alias(struct inode *, struct dentry *);
241 extern struct dentry * d_add_ci(struct dentry *, struct inode *, struct qstr *);
242 extern struct dentry * d_exact_alias(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
243 extern struct dentry *d_find_any_alias(struct inode *inode);
244 extern struct dentry * d_obtain_alias(struct inode *);
245 extern struct dentry * d_obtain_root(struct inode *);
246 extern void shrink_dcache_sb(struct super_block *);
247 extern void shrink_dcache_parent(struct dentry *);
248 extern void shrink_dcache_for_umount(struct super_block *);
249 extern void d_invalidate(struct dentry *);
250 
251 /* only used at mount-time */
252 extern struct dentry * d_make_root(struct inode *);
253 
254 /* <clickety>-<click> the ramfs-type tree */
255 extern void d_genocide(struct dentry *);
256 
257 extern void d_tmpfile(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
258 
259 extern struct dentry *d_find_alias(struct inode *);
260 extern void d_prune_aliases(struct inode *);
261 
262 /* test whether we have any submounts in a subdir tree */
263 extern int path_has_submounts(const struct path *);
264 
265 /*
266  * This adds the entry to the hash queues.
267  */
268 extern void d_rehash(struct dentry *);
269 
270 extern void d_add(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
271 
272 extern void dentry_update_name_case(struct dentry *, const struct qstr *);
273 
274 /* used for rename() and baskets */
275 extern void d_move(struct dentry *, struct dentry *);
276 extern void d_exchange(struct dentry *, struct dentry *);
277 extern struct dentry *d_ancestor(struct dentry *, struct dentry *);
278 
279 /* appendix may either be NULL or be used for transname suffixes */
280 extern struct dentry *d_lookup(const struct dentry *, const struct qstr *);
281 extern struct dentry *d_hash_and_lookup(struct dentry *, struct qstr *);
282 extern struct dentry *__d_lookup(const struct dentry *, const struct qstr *);
283 extern struct dentry *__d_lookup_rcu(const struct dentry *parent,
284 				const struct qstr *name, unsigned *seq);
285 
286 static inline unsigned d_count(const struct dentry *dentry)
287 {
288 	return dentry->d_lockref.count;
289 }
290 
291 /*
292  * helper function for dentry_operations.d_dname() members
293  */
294 extern __printf(4, 5)
295 char *dynamic_dname(struct dentry *, char *, int, const char *, ...);
296 extern char *simple_dname(struct dentry *, char *, int);
297 
298 extern char *__d_path(const struct path *, const struct path *, char *, int);
299 extern char *d_absolute_path(const struct path *, char *, int);
300 extern char *d_path(const struct path *, char *, int);
301 extern char *dentry_path_raw(struct dentry *, char *, int);
302 extern char *dentry_path(struct dentry *, char *, int);
303 
304 /* Allocation counts.. */
305 
306 /**
307  *	dget, dget_dlock -	get a reference to a dentry
308  *	@dentry: dentry to get a reference to
309  *
310  *	Given a dentry or %NULL pointer increment the reference count
311  *	if appropriate and return the dentry. A dentry will not be
312  *	destroyed when it has references.
313  */
314 static inline struct dentry *dget_dlock(struct dentry *dentry)
315 {
316 	if (dentry)
317 		dentry->d_lockref.count++;
318 	return dentry;
319 }
320 
321 static inline struct dentry *dget(struct dentry *dentry)
322 {
323 	if (dentry)
324 		lockref_get(&dentry->d_lockref);
325 	return dentry;
326 }
327 
328 extern struct dentry *dget_parent(struct dentry *dentry);
329 
330 /**
331  *	d_unhashed -	is dentry hashed
332  *	@dentry: entry to check
333  *
334  *	Returns true if the dentry passed is not currently hashed.
335  */
336 
337 static inline int d_unhashed(const struct dentry *dentry)
338 {
339 	return hlist_bl_unhashed(&dentry->d_hash);
340 }
341 
342 static inline int d_unlinked(const struct dentry *dentry)
343 {
344 	return d_unhashed(dentry) && !IS_ROOT(dentry);
345 }
346 
347 static inline int cant_mount(const struct dentry *dentry)
348 {
349 	return (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT);
350 }
351 
352 static inline void dont_mount(struct dentry *dentry)
353 {
354 	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
355 	dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT;
356 	spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
357 }
358 
359 extern void __d_lookup_done(struct dentry *);
360 
361 static inline int d_in_lookup(struct dentry *dentry)
362 {
363 	return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_PAR_LOOKUP;
364 }
365 
366 static inline void d_lookup_done(struct dentry *dentry)
367 {
368 	if (unlikely(d_in_lookup(dentry))) {
369 		spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
370 		__d_lookup_done(dentry);
371 		spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
372 	}
373 }
374 
375 extern void dput(struct dentry *);
376 
377 static inline bool d_managed(const struct dentry *dentry)
378 {
379 	return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_MANAGED_DENTRY;
380 }
381 
382 static inline bool d_mountpoint(const struct dentry *dentry)
383 {
384 	return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_MOUNTED;
385 }
386 
387 /*
388  * Directory cache entry type accessor functions.
389  */
390 static inline unsigned __d_entry_type(const struct dentry *dentry)
391 {
392 	return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_ENTRY_TYPE;
393 }
394 
395 static inline bool d_is_miss(const struct dentry *dentry)
396 {
397 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_MISS_TYPE;
398 }
399 
400 static inline bool d_is_whiteout(const struct dentry *dentry)
401 {
402 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_WHITEOUT_TYPE;
403 }
404 
405 static inline bool d_can_lookup(const struct dentry *dentry)
406 {
407 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_DIRECTORY_TYPE;
408 }
409 
410 static inline bool d_is_autodir(const struct dentry *dentry)
411 {
412 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_AUTODIR_TYPE;
413 }
414 
415 static inline bool d_is_dir(const struct dentry *dentry)
416 {
417 	return d_can_lookup(dentry) || d_is_autodir(dentry);
418 }
419 
420 static inline bool d_is_symlink(const struct dentry *dentry)
421 {
422 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_SYMLINK_TYPE;
423 }
424 
425 static inline bool d_is_reg(const struct dentry *dentry)
426 {
427 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_REGULAR_TYPE;
428 }
429 
430 static inline bool d_is_special(const struct dentry *dentry)
431 {
432 	return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_SPECIAL_TYPE;
433 }
434 
435 static inline bool d_is_file(const struct dentry *dentry)
436 {
437 	return d_is_reg(dentry) || d_is_special(dentry);
438 }
439 
440 static inline bool d_is_negative(const struct dentry *dentry)
441 {
442 	// TODO: check d_is_whiteout(dentry) also.
443 	return d_is_miss(dentry);
444 }
445 
446 static inline bool d_is_positive(const struct dentry *dentry)
447 {
448 	return !d_is_negative(dentry);
449 }
450 
451 /**
452  * d_really_is_negative - Determine if a dentry is really negative (ignoring fallthroughs)
453  * @dentry: The dentry in question
454  *
455  * Returns true if the dentry represents either an absent name or a name that
456  * doesn't map to an inode (ie. ->d_inode is NULL).  The dentry could represent
457  * a true miss, a whiteout that isn't represented by a 0,0 chardev or a
458  * fallthrough marker in an opaque directory.
459  *
460  * Note!  (1) This should be used *only* by a filesystem to examine its own
461  * dentries.  It should not be used to look at some other filesystem's
462  * dentries.  (2) It should also be used in combination with d_inode() to get
463  * the inode.  (3) The dentry may have something attached to ->d_lower and the
464  * type field of the flags may be set to something other than miss or whiteout.
465  */
466 static inline bool d_really_is_negative(const struct dentry *dentry)
467 {
468 	return dentry->d_inode == NULL;
469 }
470 
471 /**
472  * d_really_is_positive - Determine if a dentry is really positive (ignoring fallthroughs)
473  * @dentry: The dentry in question
474  *
475  * Returns true if the dentry represents a name that maps to an inode
476  * (ie. ->d_inode is not NULL).  The dentry might still represent a whiteout if
477  * that is represented on medium as a 0,0 chardev.
478  *
479  * Note!  (1) This should be used *only* by a filesystem to examine its own
480  * dentries.  It should not be used to look at some other filesystem's
481  * dentries.  (2) It should also be used in combination with d_inode() to get
482  * the inode.
483  */
484 static inline bool d_really_is_positive(const struct dentry *dentry)
485 {
486 	return dentry->d_inode != NULL;
487 }
488 
489 static inline int simple_positive(struct dentry *dentry)
490 {
491 	return d_really_is_positive(dentry) && !d_unhashed(dentry);
492 }
493 
494 extern void d_set_fallthru(struct dentry *dentry);
495 
496 static inline bool d_is_fallthru(const struct dentry *dentry)
497 {
498 	return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_FALLTHRU;
499 }
500 
501 
502 extern int sysctl_vfs_cache_pressure;
503 
504 static inline unsigned long vfs_pressure_ratio(unsigned long val)
505 {
506 	return mult_frac(val, sysctl_vfs_cache_pressure, 100);
507 }
508 
509 /**
510  * d_inode - Get the actual inode of this dentry
511  * @dentry: The dentry to query
512  *
513  * This is the helper normal filesystems should use to get at their own inodes
514  * in their own dentries and ignore the layering superimposed upon them.
515  */
516 static inline struct inode *d_inode(const struct dentry *dentry)
517 {
518 	return dentry->d_inode;
519 }
520 
521 /**
522  * d_inode_rcu - Get the actual inode of this dentry with ACCESS_ONCE()
523  * @dentry: The dentry to query
524  *
525  * This is the helper normal filesystems should use to get at their own inodes
526  * in their own dentries and ignore the layering superimposed upon them.
527  */
528 static inline struct inode *d_inode_rcu(const struct dentry *dentry)
529 {
530 	return ACCESS_ONCE(dentry->d_inode);
531 }
532 
533 /**
534  * d_backing_inode - Get upper or lower inode we should be using
535  * @upper: The upper layer
536  *
537  * This is the helper that should be used to get at the inode that will be used
538  * if this dentry were to be opened as a file.  The inode may be on the upper
539  * dentry or it may be on a lower dentry pinned by the upper.
540  *
541  * Normal filesystems should not use this to access their own inodes.
542  */
543 static inline struct inode *d_backing_inode(const struct dentry *upper)
544 {
545 	struct inode *inode = upper->d_inode;
546 
547 	return inode;
548 }
549 
550 /**
551  * d_backing_dentry - Get upper or lower dentry we should be using
552  * @upper: The upper layer
553  *
554  * This is the helper that should be used to get the dentry of the inode that
555  * will be used if this dentry were opened as a file.  It may be the upper
556  * dentry or it may be a lower dentry pinned by the upper.
557  *
558  * Normal filesystems should not use this to access their own dentries.
559  */
560 static inline struct dentry *d_backing_dentry(struct dentry *upper)
561 {
562 	return upper;
563 }
564 
565 /**
566  * d_real - Return the real dentry
567  * @dentry: the dentry to query
568  * @inode: inode to select the dentry from multiple layers (can be NULL)
569  * @flags: open flags to control copy-up behavior
570  *
571  * If dentry is on a union/overlay, then return the underlying, real dentry.
572  * Otherwise return the dentry itself.
573  *
574  * See also: Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
575  */
576 static inline struct dentry *d_real(struct dentry *dentry,
577 				    const struct inode *inode,
578 				    unsigned int flags)
579 {
580 	if (unlikely(dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REAL))
581 		return dentry->d_op->d_real(dentry, inode, flags);
582 	else
583 		return dentry;
584 }
585 
586 /**
587  * d_real_inode - Return the real inode
588  * @dentry: The dentry to query
589  *
590  * If dentry is on a union/overlay, then return the underlying, real inode.
591  * Otherwise return d_inode().
592  */
593 static inline struct inode *d_real_inode(const struct dentry *dentry)
594 {
595 	/* This usage of d_real() results in const dentry */
596 	return d_backing_inode(d_real((struct dentry *) dentry, NULL, 0));
597 }
598 
599 struct name_snapshot {
600 	const unsigned char *name;
601 	unsigned char inline_name[DNAME_INLINE_LEN];
602 };
603 void take_dentry_name_snapshot(struct name_snapshot *, struct dentry *);
604 void release_dentry_name_snapshot(struct name_snapshot *);
605 
606 #endif	/* __LINUX_DCACHE_H */
607