xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/console.h (revision 77e11093)
1 /*
2  *  linux/include/linux/console.h
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1993        Hamish Macdonald
5  *
6  * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
7  * License.  See the file COPYING in the main directory of this archive
8  * for more details.
9  *
10  * Changed:
11  * 10-Mar-94: Arno Griffioen: Conversion for vt100 emulator port from PC LINUX
12  */
13 
14 #ifndef _LINUX_CONSOLE_H_
15 #define _LINUX_CONSOLE_H_ 1
16 
17 #include <linux/atomic.h>
18 #include <linux/bits.h>
19 #include <linux/rculist.h>
20 #include <linux/types.h>
21 #include <linux/vesa.h>
22 
23 struct vc_data;
24 struct console_font_op;
25 struct console_font;
26 struct module;
27 struct tty_struct;
28 struct notifier_block;
29 
30 enum con_scroll {
31 	SM_UP,
32 	SM_DOWN,
33 };
34 
35 enum vc_intensity;
36 
37 /**
38  * struct consw - callbacks for consoles
39  *
40  * @con_init:   initialize the console on @vc. @init is true for the very first
41  *		call on this @vc.
42  * @con_clear:  erase @count characters at [@x, @y] on @vc. @count >= 1.
43  * @con_putc:   emit one character with attributes @ca to [@x, @y] on @vc.
44  *		(optional -- @con_putcs would be called instead)
45  * @con_putcs:  emit @count characters with attributes @s to [@x, @y] on @vc.
46  * @con_cursor: enable/disable cursor depending on @enable
47  * @con_scroll: move lines from @top to @bottom in direction @dir by @lines.
48  *		Return true if no generic handling should be done.
49  *		Invoked by csi_M and printing to the console.
50  * @con_switch: notifier about the console switch; it is supposed to return
51  *		true if a redraw is needed.
52  * @con_blank:  blank/unblank the console. The target mode is passed in @blank.
53  *		@mode_switch is set if changing from/to text/graphics. The hook
54  *		is supposed to return true if a redraw is needed.
55  * @con_set_palette: sets the palette of the console to @table (optional)
56  * @con_scrolldelta: the contents of the console should be scrolled by @lines.
57  *		     Invoked by user. (optional)
58  */
59 struct consw {
60 	struct module *owner;
61 	const char *(*con_startup)(void);
62 	void	(*con_init)(struct vc_data *vc, bool init);
63 	void	(*con_deinit)(struct vc_data *vc);
64 	void	(*con_clear)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned int y,
65 			     unsigned int x, unsigned int count);
66 	void	(*con_putc)(struct vc_data *vc, u16 ca, unsigned int y,
67 			    unsigned int x);
68 	void	(*con_putcs)(struct vc_data *vc, const u16 *s,
69 			     unsigned int count, unsigned int ypos,
70 			     unsigned int xpos);
71 	void	(*con_cursor)(struct vc_data *vc, bool enable);
72 	bool	(*con_scroll)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned int top,
73 			unsigned int bottom, enum con_scroll dir,
74 			unsigned int lines);
75 	bool	(*con_switch)(struct vc_data *vc);
76 	bool	(*con_blank)(struct vc_data *vc, enum vesa_blank_mode blank,
77 			     bool mode_switch);
78 	int	(*con_font_set)(struct vc_data *vc, struct console_font *font,
79 			unsigned int vpitch, unsigned int flags);
80 	int	(*con_font_get)(struct vc_data *vc, struct console_font *font,
81 			unsigned int vpitch);
82 	int	(*con_font_default)(struct vc_data *vc,
83 			struct console_font *font, char *name);
84 	int     (*con_resize)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned int width,
85 			      unsigned int height, bool from_user);
86 	void	(*con_set_palette)(struct vc_data *vc,
87 			const unsigned char *table);
88 	void	(*con_scrolldelta)(struct vc_data *vc, int lines);
89 	int	(*con_set_origin)(struct vc_data *vc);
90 	void	(*con_save_screen)(struct vc_data *vc);
91 	u8	(*con_build_attr)(struct vc_data *vc, u8 color,
92 			enum vc_intensity intensity,
93 			bool blink, bool underline, bool reverse, bool italic);
94 	void	(*con_invert_region)(struct vc_data *vc, u16 *p, int count);
95 	u16    *(*con_screen_pos)(const struct vc_data *vc, int offset);
96 	unsigned long (*con_getxy)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned long position,
97 			int *px, int *py);
98 	/*
99 	 * Flush the video console driver's scrollback buffer
100 	 */
101 	void	(*con_flush_scrollback)(struct vc_data *vc);
102 	/*
103 	 * Prepare the console for the debugger.  This includes, but is not
104 	 * limited to, unblanking the console, loading an appropriate
105 	 * palette, and allowing debugger generated output.
106 	 */
107 	void	(*con_debug_enter)(struct vc_data *vc);
108 	/*
109 	 * Restore the console to its pre-debug state as closely as possible.
110 	 */
111 	void	(*con_debug_leave)(struct vc_data *vc);
112 };
113 
114 extern const struct consw *conswitchp;
115 
116 extern const struct consw dummy_con;	/* dummy console buffer */
117 extern const struct consw vga_con;	/* VGA text console */
118 extern const struct consw newport_con;	/* SGI Newport console  */
119 
120 struct screen_info;
121 #ifdef CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE
122 void vgacon_register_screen(struct screen_info *si);
123 #else
124 static inline void vgacon_register_screen(struct screen_info *si) { }
125 #endif
126 
127 int con_is_bound(const struct consw *csw);
128 int do_unregister_con_driver(const struct consw *csw);
129 int do_take_over_console(const struct consw *sw, int first, int last, int deflt);
130 void give_up_console(const struct consw *sw);
131 #ifdef CONFIG_HW_CONSOLE
132 void con_debug_enter(struct vc_data *vc);
133 void con_debug_leave(void);
134 #else
135 static inline void con_debug_enter(struct vc_data *vc) { }
136 static inline void con_debug_leave(void) { }
137 #endif
138 
139 /*
140  * The interface for a console, or any other device that wants to capture
141  * console messages (printer driver?)
142  */
143 
144 /**
145  * cons_flags - General console flags
146  * @CON_PRINTBUFFER:	Used by newly registered consoles to avoid duplicate
147  *			output of messages that were already shown by boot
148  *			consoles or read by userspace via syslog() syscall.
149  * @CON_CONSDEV:	Indicates that the console driver is backing
150  *			/dev/console.
151  * @CON_ENABLED:	Indicates if a console is allowed to print records. If
152  *			false, the console also will not advance to later
153  *			records.
154  * @CON_BOOT:		Marks the console driver as early console driver which
155  *			is used during boot before the real driver becomes
156  *			available. It will be automatically unregistered
157  *			when the real console driver is registered unless
158  *			"keep_bootcon" parameter is used.
159  * @CON_ANYTIME:	A misnomed historical flag which tells the core code
160  *			that the legacy @console::write callback can be invoked
161  *			on a CPU which is marked OFFLINE. That is misleading as
162  *			it suggests that there is no contextual limit for
163  *			invoking the callback. The original motivation was
164  *			readiness of the per-CPU areas.
165  * @CON_BRL:		Indicates a braille device which is exempt from
166  *			receiving the printk spam for obvious reasons.
167  * @CON_EXTENDED:	The console supports the extended output format of
168  *			/dev/kmesg which requires a larger output buffer.
169  * @CON_SUSPENDED:	Indicates if a console is suspended. If true, the
170  *			printing callbacks must not be called.
171  * @CON_NBCON:		Console can operate outside of the legacy style console_lock
172  *			constraints.
173  */
174 enum cons_flags {
175 	CON_PRINTBUFFER		= BIT(0),
176 	CON_CONSDEV		= BIT(1),
177 	CON_ENABLED		= BIT(2),
178 	CON_BOOT		= BIT(3),
179 	CON_ANYTIME		= BIT(4),
180 	CON_BRL			= BIT(5),
181 	CON_EXTENDED		= BIT(6),
182 	CON_SUSPENDED		= BIT(7),
183 	CON_NBCON		= BIT(8),
184 };
185 
186 /**
187  * struct nbcon_state - console state for nbcon consoles
188  * @atom:	Compound of the state fields for atomic operations
189  *
190  * @req_prio:		The priority of a handover request
191  * @prio:		The priority of the current owner
192  * @unsafe:		Console is busy in a non takeover region
193  * @unsafe_takeover:	A hostile takeover in an unsafe state happened in the
194  *			past. The console cannot be safe until re-initialized.
195  * @cpu:		The CPU on which the owner runs
196  *
197  * To be used for reading and preparing of the value stored in the nbcon
198  * state variable @console::nbcon_state.
199  *
200  * The @prio and @req_prio fields are particularly important to allow
201  * spin-waiting to timeout and give up without the risk of a waiter being
202  * assigned the lock after giving up.
203  */
204 struct nbcon_state {
205 	union {
206 		unsigned int	atom;
207 		struct {
208 			unsigned int prio		:  2;
209 			unsigned int req_prio		:  2;
210 			unsigned int unsafe		:  1;
211 			unsigned int unsafe_takeover	:  1;
212 			unsigned int cpu		: 24;
213 		};
214 	};
215 };
216 
217 /*
218  * The nbcon_state struct is used to easily create and interpret values that
219  * are stored in the @console::nbcon_state variable. Ensure this struct stays
220  * within the size boundaries of the atomic variable's underlying type in
221  * order to avoid any accidental truncation.
222  */
223 static_assert(sizeof(struct nbcon_state) <= sizeof(int));
224 
225 /**
226  * nbcon_prio - console owner priority for nbcon consoles
227  * @NBCON_PRIO_NONE:		Unused
228  * @NBCON_PRIO_NORMAL:		Normal (non-emergency) usage
229  * @NBCON_PRIO_EMERGENCY:	Emergency output (WARN/OOPS...)
230  * @NBCON_PRIO_PANIC:		Panic output
231  * @NBCON_PRIO_MAX:		The number of priority levels
232  *
233  * A higher priority context can takeover the console when it is
234  * in the safe state. The final attempt to flush consoles in panic()
235  * can be allowed to do so even in an unsafe state (Hope and pray).
236  */
237 enum nbcon_prio {
238 	NBCON_PRIO_NONE = 0,
239 	NBCON_PRIO_NORMAL,
240 	NBCON_PRIO_EMERGENCY,
241 	NBCON_PRIO_PANIC,
242 	NBCON_PRIO_MAX,
243 };
244 
245 struct console;
246 struct printk_buffers;
247 
248 /**
249  * struct nbcon_context - Context for console acquire/release
250  * @console:			The associated console
251  * @spinwait_max_us:		Limit for spin-wait acquire
252  * @prio:			Priority of the context
253  * @allow_unsafe_takeover:	Allow performing takeover even if unsafe. Can
254  *				be used only with NBCON_PRIO_PANIC @prio. It
255  *				might cause a system freeze when the console
256  *				is used later.
257  * @backlog:			Ringbuffer has pending records
258  * @pbufs:			Pointer to the text buffer for this context
259  * @seq:			The sequence number to print for this context
260  */
261 struct nbcon_context {
262 	/* members set by caller */
263 	struct console		*console;
264 	unsigned int		spinwait_max_us;
265 	enum nbcon_prio		prio;
266 	unsigned int		allow_unsafe_takeover	: 1;
267 
268 	/* members set by emit */
269 	unsigned int		backlog			: 1;
270 
271 	/* members set by acquire */
272 	struct printk_buffers	*pbufs;
273 	u64			seq;
274 };
275 
276 /**
277  * struct nbcon_write_context - Context handed to the nbcon write callbacks
278  * @ctxt:		The core console context
279  * @outbuf:		Pointer to the text buffer for output
280  * @len:		Length to write
281  * @unsafe_takeover:	If a hostile takeover in an unsafe state has occurred
282  */
283 struct nbcon_write_context {
284 	struct nbcon_context	__private ctxt;
285 	char			*outbuf;
286 	unsigned int		len;
287 	bool			unsafe_takeover;
288 };
289 
290 /**
291  * struct console - The console descriptor structure
292  * @name:		The name of the console driver
293  * @write:		Write callback to output messages (Optional)
294  * @read:		Read callback for console input (Optional)
295  * @device:		The underlying TTY device driver (Optional)
296  * @unblank:		Callback to unblank the console (Optional)
297  * @setup:		Callback for initializing the console (Optional)
298  * @exit:		Callback for teardown of the console (Optional)
299  * @match:		Callback for matching a console (Optional)
300  * @flags:		Console flags. See enum cons_flags
301  * @index:		Console index, e.g. port number
302  * @cflag:		TTY control mode flags
303  * @ispeed:		TTY input speed
304  * @ospeed:		TTY output speed
305  * @seq:		Sequence number of the next ringbuffer record to print
306  * @dropped:		Number of unreported dropped ringbuffer records
307  * @data:		Driver private data
308  * @node:		hlist node for the console list
309  *
310  * @write_atomic:	Write callback for atomic context
311  * @nbcon_state:	State for nbcon consoles
312  * @nbcon_seq:		Sequence number of the next record for nbcon to print
313  * @pbufs:		Pointer to nbcon private buffer
314  */
315 struct console {
316 	char			name[16];
317 	void			(*write)(struct console *co, const char *s, unsigned int count);
318 	int			(*read)(struct console *co, char *s, unsigned int count);
319 	struct tty_driver	*(*device)(struct console *co, int *index);
320 	void			(*unblank)(void);
321 	int			(*setup)(struct console *co, char *options);
322 	int			(*exit)(struct console *co);
323 	int			(*match)(struct console *co, char *name, int idx, char *options);
324 	short			flags;
325 	short			index;
326 	int			cflag;
327 	uint			ispeed;
328 	uint			ospeed;
329 	u64			seq;
330 	unsigned long		dropped;
331 	void			*data;
332 	struct hlist_node	node;
333 
334 	/* nbcon console specific members */
335 	bool			(*write_atomic)(struct console *con,
336 						struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
337 	atomic_t		__private nbcon_state;
338 	atomic_long_t		__private nbcon_seq;
339 	struct printk_buffers	*pbufs;
340 };
341 
342 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
343 extern void lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held(void);
344 #else
345 static inline void lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held(void)
346 {
347 }
348 #endif
349 
350 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
351 extern bool console_srcu_read_lock_is_held(void);
352 #else
353 static inline bool console_srcu_read_lock_is_held(void)
354 {
355 	return 1;
356 }
357 #endif
358 
359 extern int console_srcu_read_lock(void);
360 extern void console_srcu_read_unlock(int cookie);
361 
362 extern void console_list_lock(void) __acquires(console_mutex);
363 extern void console_list_unlock(void) __releases(console_mutex);
364 
365 extern struct hlist_head console_list;
366 
367 /**
368  * console_srcu_read_flags - Locklessly read the console flags
369  * @con:	struct console pointer of console to read flags from
370  *
371  * This function provides the necessary READ_ONCE() and data_race()
372  * notation for locklessly reading the console flags. The READ_ONCE()
373  * in this function matches the WRITE_ONCE() when @flags are modified
374  * for registered consoles with console_srcu_write_flags().
375  *
376  * Only use this function to read console flags when locklessly
377  * iterating the console list via srcu.
378  *
379  * Context: Any context.
380  */
381 static inline short console_srcu_read_flags(const struct console *con)
382 {
383 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!console_srcu_read_lock_is_held());
384 
385 	/*
386 	 * Locklessly reading console->flags provides a consistent
387 	 * read value because there is at most one CPU modifying
388 	 * console->flags and that CPU is using only read-modify-write
389 	 * operations to do so.
390 	 */
391 	return data_race(READ_ONCE(con->flags));
392 }
393 
394 /**
395  * console_srcu_write_flags - Write flags for a registered console
396  * @con:	struct console pointer of console to write flags to
397  * @flags:	new flags value to write
398  *
399  * Only use this function to write flags for registered consoles. It
400  * requires holding the console_list_lock.
401  *
402  * Context: Any context.
403  */
404 static inline void console_srcu_write_flags(struct console *con, short flags)
405 {
406 	lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held();
407 
408 	/* This matches the READ_ONCE() in console_srcu_read_flags(). */
409 	WRITE_ONCE(con->flags, flags);
410 }
411 
412 /* Variant of console_is_registered() when the console_list_lock is held. */
413 static inline bool console_is_registered_locked(const struct console *con)
414 {
415 	lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held();
416 	return !hlist_unhashed(&con->node);
417 }
418 
419 /*
420  * console_is_registered - Check if the console is registered
421  * @con:	struct console pointer of console to check
422  *
423  * Context: Process context. May sleep while acquiring console list lock.
424  * Return: true if the console is in the console list, otherwise false.
425  *
426  * If false is returned for a console that was previously registered, it
427  * can be assumed that the console's unregistration is fully completed,
428  * including the exit() callback after console list removal.
429  */
430 static inline bool console_is_registered(const struct console *con)
431 {
432 	bool ret;
433 
434 	console_list_lock();
435 	ret = console_is_registered_locked(con);
436 	console_list_unlock();
437 	return ret;
438 }
439 
440 /**
441  * for_each_console_srcu() - Iterator over registered consoles
442  * @con:	struct console pointer used as loop cursor
443  *
444  * Although SRCU guarantees the console list will be consistent, the
445  * struct console fields may be updated by other CPUs while iterating.
446  *
447  * Requires console_srcu_read_lock to be held. Can be invoked from
448  * any context.
449  */
450 #define for_each_console_srcu(con)					\
451 	hlist_for_each_entry_srcu(con, &console_list, node,		\
452 				  console_srcu_read_lock_is_held())
453 
454 /**
455  * for_each_console() - Iterator over registered consoles
456  * @con:	struct console pointer used as loop cursor
457  *
458  * The console list and the console->flags are immutable while iterating.
459  *
460  * Requires console_list_lock to be held.
461  */
462 #define for_each_console(con)						\
463 	lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held();			\
464 	hlist_for_each_entry(con, &console_list, node)
465 
466 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
467 extern bool nbcon_can_proceed(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
468 extern bool nbcon_enter_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
469 extern bool nbcon_exit_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
470 #else
471 static inline bool nbcon_can_proceed(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt) { return false; }
472 static inline bool nbcon_enter_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt) { return false; }
473 static inline bool nbcon_exit_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt) { return false; }
474 #endif
475 
476 extern int console_set_on_cmdline;
477 extern struct console *early_console;
478 
479 enum con_flush_mode {
480 	CONSOLE_FLUSH_PENDING,
481 	CONSOLE_REPLAY_ALL,
482 };
483 
484 extern int add_preferred_console(const char *name, const short idx, char *options);
485 extern void console_force_preferred_locked(struct console *con);
486 extern void register_console(struct console *);
487 extern int unregister_console(struct console *);
488 extern void console_lock(void);
489 extern int console_trylock(void);
490 extern void console_unlock(void);
491 extern void console_conditional_schedule(void);
492 extern void console_unblank(void);
493 extern void console_flush_on_panic(enum con_flush_mode mode);
494 extern struct tty_driver *console_device(int *);
495 extern void console_stop(struct console *);
496 extern void console_start(struct console *);
497 extern int is_console_locked(void);
498 extern int braille_register_console(struct console *, int index,
499 		char *console_options, char *braille_options);
500 extern int braille_unregister_console(struct console *);
501 #ifdef CONFIG_TTY
502 extern void console_sysfs_notify(void);
503 #else
504 static inline void console_sysfs_notify(void)
505 { }
506 #endif
507 extern bool console_suspend_enabled;
508 
509 /* Suspend and resume console messages over PM events */
510 extern void suspend_console(void);
511 extern void resume_console(void);
512 
513 int mda_console_init(void);
514 
515 void vcs_make_sysfs(int index);
516 void vcs_remove_sysfs(int index);
517 
518 /* Some debug stub to catch some of the obvious races in the VT code */
519 #define WARN_CONSOLE_UNLOCKED()						\
520 	WARN_ON(!atomic_read(&ignore_console_lock_warning) &&		\
521 		!is_console_locked() && !oops_in_progress)
522 /*
523  * Increment ignore_console_lock_warning if you need to quiet
524  * WARN_CONSOLE_UNLOCKED() for debugging purposes.
525  */
526 extern atomic_t ignore_console_lock_warning;
527 
528 extern void console_init(void);
529 
530 /* For deferred console takeover */
531 void dummycon_register_output_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb);
532 void dummycon_unregister_output_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb);
533 
534 #endif /* _LINUX_CONSOLE_H */
535