xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/console.h (revision 4f596170)
1 /*
2  *  linux/include/linux/console.h
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1993        Hamish Macdonald
5  *
6  * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
7  * License.  See the file COPYING in the main directory of this archive
8  * for more details.
9  *
10  * Changed:
11  * 10-Mar-94: Arno Griffioen: Conversion for vt100 emulator port from PC LINUX
12  */
13 
14 #ifndef _LINUX_CONSOLE_H_
15 #define _LINUX_CONSOLE_H_ 1
16 
17 #include <linux/atomic.h>
18 #include <linux/bits.h>
19 #include <linux/rculist.h>
20 #include <linux/types.h>
21 #include <linux/vesa.h>
22 
23 struct vc_data;
24 struct console_font_op;
25 struct console_font;
26 struct module;
27 struct tty_struct;
28 struct notifier_block;
29 
30 enum con_scroll {
31 	SM_UP,
32 	SM_DOWN,
33 };
34 
35 enum vc_intensity;
36 
37 /**
38  * struct consw - callbacks for consoles
39  *
40  * @con_init:   initialize the console on @vc. @init is true for the very first
41  *		call on this @vc.
42  * @con_clear:  erase @count characters at [@x, @y] on @vc. @count >= 1.
43  * @con_putc:   emit one character with attributes @ca to [@x, @y] on @vc.
44  *		(optional -- @con_putcs would be called instead)
45  * @con_putcs:  emit @count characters with attributes @s to [@x, @y] on @vc.
46  * @con_cursor: enable/disable cursor depending on @enable
47  * @con_scroll: move lines from @top to @bottom in direction @dir by @lines.
48  *		Return true if no generic handling should be done.
49  *		Invoked by csi_M and printing to the console.
50  * @con_switch: notifier about the console switch; it is supposed to return
51  *		true if a redraw is needed.
52  * @con_blank:  blank/unblank the console. The target mode is passed in @blank.
53  *		@mode_switch is set if changing from/to text/graphics. The hook
54  *		is supposed to return true if a redraw is needed.
55  * @con_set_palette: sets the palette of the console to @table (optional)
56  * @con_scrolldelta: the contents of the console should be scrolled by @lines.
57  *		     Invoked by user. (optional)
58  */
59 struct consw {
60 	struct module *owner;
61 	const char *(*con_startup)(void);
62 	void	(*con_init)(struct vc_data *vc, bool init);
63 	void	(*con_deinit)(struct vc_data *vc);
64 	void	(*con_clear)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned int y,
65 			     unsigned int x, unsigned int count);
66 	void	(*con_putc)(struct vc_data *vc, u16 ca, unsigned int y,
67 			    unsigned int x);
68 	void	(*con_putcs)(struct vc_data *vc, const u16 *s,
69 			     unsigned int count, unsigned int ypos,
70 			     unsigned int xpos);
71 	void	(*con_cursor)(struct vc_data *vc, bool enable);
72 	bool	(*con_scroll)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned int top,
73 			unsigned int bottom, enum con_scroll dir,
74 			unsigned int lines);
75 	bool	(*con_switch)(struct vc_data *vc);
76 	bool	(*con_blank)(struct vc_data *vc, enum vesa_blank_mode blank,
77 			     bool mode_switch);
78 	int	(*con_font_set)(struct vc_data *vc,
79 				const struct console_font *font,
80 				unsigned int vpitch, unsigned int flags);
81 	int	(*con_font_get)(struct vc_data *vc, struct console_font *font,
82 			unsigned int vpitch);
83 	int	(*con_font_default)(struct vc_data *vc,
84 			struct console_font *font, const char *name);
85 	int     (*con_resize)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned int width,
86 			      unsigned int height, bool from_user);
87 	void	(*con_set_palette)(struct vc_data *vc,
88 			const unsigned char *table);
89 	void	(*con_scrolldelta)(struct vc_data *vc, int lines);
90 	int	(*con_set_origin)(struct vc_data *vc);
91 	void	(*con_save_screen)(struct vc_data *vc);
92 	u8	(*con_build_attr)(struct vc_data *vc, u8 color,
93 			enum vc_intensity intensity,
94 			bool blink, bool underline, bool reverse, bool italic);
95 	void	(*con_invert_region)(struct vc_data *vc, u16 *p, int count);
96 	u16    *(*con_screen_pos)(const struct vc_data *vc, int offset);
97 	unsigned long (*con_getxy)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned long position,
98 			int *px, int *py);
99 	/*
100 	 * Flush the video console driver's scrollback buffer
101 	 */
102 	void	(*con_flush_scrollback)(struct vc_data *vc);
103 	/*
104 	 * Prepare the console for the debugger.  This includes, but is not
105 	 * limited to, unblanking the console, loading an appropriate
106 	 * palette, and allowing debugger generated output.
107 	 */
108 	void	(*con_debug_enter)(struct vc_data *vc);
109 	/*
110 	 * Restore the console to its pre-debug state as closely as possible.
111 	 */
112 	void	(*con_debug_leave)(struct vc_data *vc);
113 };
114 
115 extern const struct consw *conswitchp;
116 
117 extern const struct consw dummy_con;	/* dummy console buffer */
118 extern const struct consw vga_con;	/* VGA text console */
119 extern const struct consw newport_con;	/* SGI Newport console  */
120 
121 struct screen_info;
122 #ifdef CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE
123 void vgacon_register_screen(struct screen_info *si);
124 #else
125 static inline void vgacon_register_screen(struct screen_info *si) { }
126 #endif
127 
128 int con_is_bound(const struct consw *csw);
129 int do_unregister_con_driver(const struct consw *csw);
130 int do_take_over_console(const struct consw *sw, int first, int last, int deflt);
131 void give_up_console(const struct consw *sw);
132 #ifdef CONFIG_HW_CONSOLE
133 void con_debug_enter(struct vc_data *vc);
134 void con_debug_leave(void);
135 #else
136 static inline void con_debug_enter(struct vc_data *vc) { }
137 static inline void con_debug_leave(void) { }
138 #endif
139 
140 /*
141  * The interface for a console, or any other device that wants to capture
142  * console messages (printer driver?)
143  */
144 
145 /**
146  * cons_flags - General console flags
147  * @CON_PRINTBUFFER:	Used by newly registered consoles to avoid duplicate
148  *			output of messages that were already shown by boot
149  *			consoles or read by userspace via syslog() syscall.
150  * @CON_CONSDEV:	Indicates that the console driver is backing
151  *			/dev/console.
152  * @CON_ENABLED:	Indicates if a console is allowed to print records. If
153  *			false, the console also will not advance to later
154  *			records.
155  * @CON_BOOT:		Marks the console driver as early console driver which
156  *			is used during boot before the real driver becomes
157  *			available. It will be automatically unregistered
158  *			when the real console driver is registered unless
159  *			"keep_bootcon" parameter is used.
160  * @CON_ANYTIME:	A misnomed historical flag which tells the core code
161  *			that the legacy @console::write callback can be invoked
162  *			on a CPU which is marked OFFLINE. That is misleading as
163  *			it suggests that there is no contextual limit for
164  *			invoking the callback. The original motivation was
165  *			readiness of the per-CPU areas.
166  * @CON_BRL:		Indicates a braille device which is exempt from
167  *			receiving the printk spam for obvious reasons.
168  * @CON_EXTENDED:	The console supports the extended output format of
169  *			/dev/kmesg which requires a larger output buffer.
170  * @CON_SUSPENDED:	Indicates if a console is suspended. If true, the
171  *			printing callbacks must not be called.
172  * @CON_NBCON:		Console can operate outside of the legacy style console_lock
173  *			constraints.
174  */
175 enum cons_flags {
176 	CON_PRINTBUFFER		= BIT(0),
177 	CON_CONSDEV		= BIT(1),
178 	CON_ENABLED		= BIT(2),
179 	CON_BOOT		= BIT(3),
180 	CON_ANYTIME		= BIT(4),
181 	CON_BRL			= BIT(5),
182 	CON_EXTENDED		= BIT(6),
183 	CON_SUSPENDED		= BIT(7),
184 	CON_NBCON		= BIT(8),
185 };
186 
187 /**
188  * struct nbcon_state - console state for nbcon consoles
189  * @atom:	Compound of the state fields for atomic operations
190  *
191  * @req_prio:		The priority of a handover request
192  * @prio:		The priority of the current owner
193  * @unsafe:		Console is busy in a non takeover region
194  * @unsafe_takeover:	A hostile takeover in an unsafe state happened in the
195  *			past. The console cannot be safe until re-initialized.
196  * @cpu:		The CPU on which the owner runs
197  *
198  * To be used for reading and preparing of the value stored in the nbcon
199  * state variable @console::nbcon_state.
200  *
201  * The @prio and @req_prio fields are particularly important to allow
202  * spin-waiting to timeout and give up without the risk of a waiter being
203  * assigned the lock after giving up.
204  */
205 struct nbcon_state {
206 	union {
207 		unsigned int	atom;
208 		struct {
209 			unsigned int prio		:  2;
210 			unsigned int req_prio		:  2;
211 			unsigned int unsafe		:  1;
212 			unsigned int unsafe_takeover	:  1;
213 			unsigned int cpu		: 24;
214 		};
215 	};
216 };
217 
218 /*
219  * The nbcon_state struct is used to easily create and interpret values that
220  * are stored in the @console::nbcon_state variable. Ensure this struct stays
221  * within the size boundaries of the atomic variable's underlying type in
222  * order to avoid any accidental truncation.
223  */
224 static_assert(sizeof(struct nbcon_state) <= sizeof(int));
225 
226 /**
227  * nbcon_prio - console owner priority for nbcon consoles
228  * @NBCON_PRIO_NONE:		Unused
229  * @NBCON_PRIO_NORMAL:		Normal (non-emergency) usage
230  * @NBCON_PRIO_EMERGENCY:	Emergency output (WARN/OOPS...)
231  * @NBCON_PRIO_PANIC:		Panic output
232  * @NBCON_PRIO_MAX:		The number of priority levels
233  *
234  * A higher priority context can takeover the console when it is
235  * in the safe state. The final attempt to flush consoles in panic()
236  * can be allowed to do so even in an unsafe state (Hope and pray).
237  */
238 enum nbcon_prio {
239 	NBCON_PRIO_NONE = 0,
240 	NBCON_PRIO_NORMAL,
241 	NBCON_PRIO_EMERGENCY,
242 	NBCON_PRIO_PANIC,
243 	NBCON_PRIO_MAX,
244 };
245 
246 struct console;
247 struct printk_buffers;
248 
249 /**
250  * struct nbcon_context - Context for console acquire/release
251  * @console:			The associated console
252  * @spinwait_max_us:		Limit for spin-wait acquire
253  * @prio:			Priority of the context
254  * @allow_unsafe_takeover:	Allow performing takeover even if unsafe. Can
255  *				be used only with NBCON_PRIO_PANIC @prio. It
256  *				might cause a system freeze when the console
257  *				is used later.
258  * @backlog:			Ringbuffer has pending records
259  * @pbufs:			Pointer to the text buffer for this context
260  * @seq:			The sequence number to print for this context
261  */
262 struct nbcon_context {
263 	/* members set by caller */
264 	struct console		*console;
265 	unsigned int		spinwait_max_us;
266 	enum nbcon_prio		prio;
267 	unsigned int		allow_unsafe_takeover	: 1;
268 
269 	/* members set by emit */
270 	unsigned int		backlog			: 1;
271 
272 	/* members set by acquire */
273 	struct printk_buffers	*pbufs;
274 	u64			seq;
275 };
276 
277 /**
278  * struct nbcon_write_context - Context handed to the nbcon write callbacks
279  * @ctxt:		The core console context
280  * @outbuf:		Pointer to the text buffer for output
281  * @len:		Length to write
282  * @unsafe_takeover:	If a hostile takeover in an unsafe state has occurred
283  */
284 struct nbcon_write_context {
285 	struct nbcon_context	__private ctxt;
286 	char			*outbuf;
287 	unsigned int		len;
288 	bool			unsafe_takeover;
289 };
290 
291 /**
292  * struct console - The console descriptor structure
293  * @name:		The name of the console driver
294  * @write:		Write callback to output messages (Optional)
295  * @read:		Read callback for console input (Optional)
296  * @device:		The underlying TTY device driver (Optional)
297  * @unblank:		Callback to unblank the console (Optional)
298  * @setup:		Callback for initializing the console (Optional)
299  * @exit:		Callback for teardown of the console (Optional)
300  * @match:		Callback for matching a console (Optional)
301  * @flags:		Console flags. See enum cons_flags
302  * @index:		Console index, e.g. port number
303  * @cflag:		TTY control mode flags
304  * @ispeed:		TTY input speed
305  * @ospeed:		TTY output speed
306  * @seq:		Sequence number of the next ringbuffer record to print
307  * @dropped:		Number of unreported dropped ringbuffer records
308  * @data:		Driver private data
309  * @node:		hlist node for the console list
310  *
311  * @write_atomic:	Write callback for atomic context
312  * @nbcon_state:	State for nbcon consoles
313  * @nbcon_seq:		Sequence number of the next record for nbcon to print
314  * @pbufs:		Pointer to nbcon private buffer
315  */
316 struct console {
317 	char			name[16];
318 	void			(*write)(struct console *co, const char *s, unsigned int count);
319 	int			(*read)(struct console *co, char *s, unsigned int count);
320 	struct tty_driver	*(*device)(struct console *co, int *index);
321 	void			(*unblank)(void);
322 	int			(*setup)(struct console *co, char *options);
323 	int			(*exit)(struct console *co);
324 	int			(*match)(struct console *co, char *name, int idx, char *options);
325 	short			flags;
326 	short			index;
327 	int			cflag;
328 	uint			ispeed;
329 	uint			ospeed;
330 	u64			seq;
331 	unsigned long		dropped;
332 	void			*data;
333 	struct hlist_node	node;
334 
335 	/* nbcon console specific members */
336 	bool			(*write_atomic)(struct console *con,
337 						struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
338 	atomic_t		__private nbcon_state;
339 	atomic_long_t		__private nbcon_seq;
340 	struct printk_buffers	*pbufs;
341 };
342 
343 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
344 extern void lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held(void);
345 #else
346 static inline void lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held(void)
347 {
348 }
349 #endif
350 
351 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
352 extern bool console_srcu_read_lock_is_held(void);
353 #else
354 static inline bool console_srcu_read_lock_is_held(void)
355 {
356 	return 1;
357 }
358 #endif
359 
360 extern int console_srcu_read_lock(void);
361 extern void console_srcu_read_unlock(int cookie);
362 
363 extern void console_list_lock(void) __acquires(console_mutex);
364 extern void console_list_unlock(void) __releases(console_mutex);
365 
366 extern struct hlist_head console_list;
367 
368 /**
369  * console_srcu_read_flags - Locklessly read the console flags
370  * @con:	struct console pointer of console to read flags from
371  *
372  * This function provides the necessary READ_ONCE() and data_race()
373  * notation for locklessly reading the console flags. The READ_ONCE()
374  * in this function matches the WRITE_ONCE() when @flags are modified
375  * for registered consoles with console_srcu_write_flags().
376  *
377  * Only use this function to read console flags when locklessly
378  * iterating the console list via srcu.
379  *
380  * Context: Any context.
381  */
382 static inline short console_srcu_read_flags(const struct console *con)
383 {
384 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!console_srcu_read_lock_is_held());
385 
386 	/*
387 	 * Locklessly reading console->flags provides a consistent
388 	 * read value because there is at most one CPU modifying
389 	 * console->flags and that CPU is using only read-modify-write
390 	 * operations to do so.
391 	 */
392 	return data_race(READ_ONCE(con->flags));
393 }
394 
395 /**
396  * console_srcu_write_flags - Write flags for a registered console
397  * @con:	struct console pointer of console to write flags to
398  * @flags:	new flags value to write
399  *
400  * Only use this function to write flags for registered consoles. It
401  * requires holding the console_list_lock.
402  *
403  * Context: Any context.
404  */
405 static inline void console_srcu_write_flags(struct console *con, short flags)
406 {
407 	lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held();
408 
409 	/* This matches the READ_ONCE() in console_srcu_read_flags(). */
410 	WRITE_ONCE(con->flags, flags);
411 }
412 
413 /* Variant of console_is_registered() when the console_list_lock is held. */
414 static inline bool console_is_registered_locked(const struct console *con)
415 {
416 	lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held();
417 	return !hlist_unhashed(&con->node);
418 }
419 
420 /*
421  * console_is_registered - Check if the console is registered
422  * @con:	struct console pointer of console to check
423  *
424  * Context: Process context. May sleep while acquiring console list lock.
425  * Return: true if the console is in the console list, otherwise false.
426  *
427  * If false is returned for a console that was previously registered, it
428  * can be assumed that the console's unregistration is fully completed,
429  * including the exit() callback after console list removal.
430  */
431 static inline bool console_is_registered(const struct console *con)
432 {
433 	bool ret;
434 
435 	console_list_lock();
436 	ret = console_is_registered_locked(con);
437 	console_list_unlock();
438 	return ret;
439 }
440 
441 /**
442  * for_each_console_srcu() - Iterator over registered consoles
443  * @con:	struct console pointer used as loop cursor
444  *
445  * Although SRCU guarantees the console list will be consistent, the
446  * struct console fields may be updated by other CPUs while iterating.
447  *
448  * Requires console_srcu_read_lock to be held. Can be invoked from
449  * any context.
450  */
451 #define for_each_console_srcu(con)					\
452 	hlist_for_each_entry_srcu(con, &console_list, node,		\
453 				  console_srcu_read_lock_is_held())
454 
455 /**
456  * for_each_console() - Iterator over registered consoles
457  * @con:	struct console pointer used as loop cursor
458  *
459  * The console list and the console->flags are immutable while iterating.
460  *
461  * Requires console_list_lock to be held.
462  */
463 #define for_each_console(con)						\
464 	lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held();			\
465 	hlist_for_each_entry(con, &console_list, node)
466 
467 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
468 extern bool nbcon_can_proceed(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
469 extern bool nbcon_enter_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
470 extern bool nbcon_exit_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
471 #else
472 static inline bool nbcon_can_proceed(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt) { return false; }
473 static inline bool nbcon_enter_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt) { return false; }
474 static inline bool nbcon_exit_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt) { return false; }
475 #endif
476 
477 extern int console_set_on_cmdline;
478 extern struct console *early_console;
479 
480 enum con_flush_mode {
481 	CONSOLE_FLUSH_PENDING,
482 	CONSOLE_REPLAY_ALL,
483 };
484 
485 extern int add_preferred_console(const char *name, const short idx, char *options);
486 extern void console_force_preferred_locked(struct console *con);
487 extern void register_console(struct console *);
488 extern int unregister_console(struct console *);
489 extern void console_lock(void);
490 extern int console_trylock(void);
491 extern void console_unlock(void);
492 extern void console_conditional_schedule(void);
493 extern void console_unblank(void);
494 extern void console_flush_on_panic(enum con_flush_mode mode);
495 extern struct tty_driver *console_device(int *);
496 extern void console_stop(struct console *);
497 extern void console_start(struct console *);
498 extern int is_console_locked(void);
499 extern int braille_register_console(struct console *, int index,
500 		char *console_options, char *braille_options);
501 extern int braille_unregister_console(struct console *);
502 #ifdef CONFIG_TTY
503 extern void console_sysfs_notify(void);
504 #else
505 static inline void console_sysfs_notify(void)
506 { }
507 #endif
508 extern bool console_suspend_enabled;
509 
510 /* Suspend and resume console messages over PM events */
511 extern void suspend_console(void);
512 extern void resume_console(void);
513 
514 int mda_console_init(void);
515 
516 void vcs_make_sysfs(int index);
517 void vcs_remove_sysfs(int index);
518 
519 /* Some debug stub to catch some of the obvious races in the VT code */
520 #define WARN_CONSOLE_UNLOCKED()						\
521 	WARN_ON(!atomic_read(&ignore_console_lock_warning) &&		\
522 		!is_console_locked() && !oops_in_progress)
523 /*
524  * Increment ignore_console_lock_warning if you need to quiet
525  * WARN_CONSOLE_UNLOCKED() for debugging purposes.
526  */
527 extern atomic_t ignore_console_lock_warning;
528 
529 extern void console_init(void);
530 
531 /* For deferred console takeover */
532 void dummycon_register_output_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb);
533 void dummycon_unregister_output_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb);
534 
535 #endif /* _LINUX_CONSOLE_H */
536