xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/console.h (revision 0a58d83d)
1 /*
2  *  linux/include/linux/console.h
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1993        Hamish Macdonald
5  *
6  * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
7  * License.  See the file COPYING in the main directory of this archive
8  * for more details.
9  *
10  * Changed:
11  * 10-Mar-94: Arno Griffioen: Conversion for vt100 emulator port from PC LINUX
12  */
13 
14 #ifndef _LINUX_CONSOLE_H_
15 #define _LINUX_CONSOLE_H_ 1
16 
17 #include <linux/atomic.h>
18 #include <linux/bits.h>
19 #include <linux/rculist.h>
20 #include <linux/types.h>
21 #include <linux/vesa.h>
22 
23 struct vc_data;
24 struct console_font_op;
25 struct console_font;
26 struct module;
27 struct tty_struct;
28 struct notifier_block;
29 
30 enum con_scroll {
31 	SM_UP,
32 	SM_DOWN,
33 };
34 
35 enum vc_intensity;
36 
37 /**
38  * struct consw - callbacks for consoles
39  *
40  * @con_init:   initialize the console on @vc. @init is true for the very first
41  *		call on this @vc.
42  * @con_clear:  erase @count characters at [@x, @y] on @vc. @count >= 1.
43  * @con_putc:   emit one character with attributes @ca to [@x, @y] on @vc.
44  *		(optional -- @con_putcs would be called instead)
45  * @con_putcs:  emit @count characters with attributes @s to [@x, @y] on @vc.
46  * @con_cursor: enable/disable cursor depending on @enable
47  * @con_scroll: move lines from @top to @bottom in direction @dir by @lines.
48  *		Return true if no generic handling should be done.
49  *		Invoked by csi_M and printing to the console.
50  * @con_switch: notifier about the console switch; it is supposed to return
51  *		true if a redraw is needed.
52  * @con_set_palette: sets the palette of the console to @table (optional)
53  * @con_scrolldelta: the contents of the console should be scrolled by @lines.
54  *		     Invoked by user. (optional)
55  */
56 struct consw {
57 	struct module *owner;
58 	const char *(*con_startup)(void);
59 	void	(*con_init)(struct vc_data *vc, bool init);
60 	void	(*con_deinit)(struct vc_data *vc);
61 	void	(*con_clear)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned int y,
62 			     unsigned int x, unsigned int count);
63 	void	(*con_putc)(struct vc_data *vc, u16 ca, unsigned int y,
64 			    unsigned int x);
65 	void	(*con_putcs)(struct vc_data *vc, const u16 *s,
66 			     unsigned int count, unsigned int ypos,
67 			     unsigned int xpos);
68 	void	(*con_cursor)(struct vc_data *vc, bool enable);
69 	bool	(*con_scroll)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned int top,
70 			unsigned int bottom, enum con_scroll dir,
71 			unsigned int lines);
72 	bool	(*con_switch)(struct vc_data *vc);
73 	int	(*con_blank)(struct vc_data *vc, enum vesa_blank_mode blank,
74 			     int mode_switch);
75 	int	(*con_font_set)(struct vc_data *vc, struct console_font *font,
76 			unsigned int vpitch, unsigned int flags);
77 	int	(*con_font_get)(struct vc_data *vc, struct console_font *font,
78 			unsigned int vpitch);
79 	int	(*con_font_default)(struct vc_data *vc,
80 			struct console_font *font, char *name);
81 	int     (*con_resize)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned int width,
82 			      unsigned int height, bool from_user);
83 	void	(*con_set_palette)(struct vc_data *vc,
84 			const unsigned char *table);
85 	void	(*con_scrolldelta)(struct vc_data *vc, int lines);
86 	int	(*con_set_origin)(struct vc_data *vc);
87 	void	(*con_save_screen)(struct vc_data *vc);
88 	u8	(*con_build_attr)(struct vc_data *vc, u8 color,
89 			enum vc_intensity intensity,
90 			bool blink, bool underline, bool reverse, bool italic);
91 	void	(*con_invert_region)(struct vc_data *vc, u16 *p, int count);
92 	u16    *(*con_screen_pos)(const struct vc_data *vc, int offset);
93 	unsigned long (*con_getxy)(struct vc_data *vc, unsigned long position,
94 			int *px, int *py);
95 	/*
96 	 * Flush the video console driver's scrollback buffer
97 	 */
98 	void	(*con_flush_scrollback)(struct vc_data *vc);
99 	/*
100 	 * Prepare the console for the debugger.  This includes, but is not
101 	 * limited to, unblanking the console, loading an appropriate
102 	 * palette, and allowing debugger generated output.
103 	 */
104 	void	(*con_debug_enter)(struct vc_data *vc);
105 	/*
106 	 * Restore the console to its pre-debug state as closely as possible.
107 	 */
108 	void	(*con_debug_leave)(struct vc_data *vc);
109 };
110 
111 extern const struct consw *conswitchp;
112 
113 extern const struct consw dummy_con;	/* dummy console buffer */
114 extern const struct consw vga_con;	/* VGA text console */
115 extern const struct consw newport_con;	/* SGI Newport console  */
116 
117 struct screen_info;
118 #ifdef CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE
119 void vgacon_register_screen(struct screen_info *si);
120 #else
121 static inline void vgacon_register_screen(struct screen_info *si) { }
122 #endif
123 
124 int con_is_bound(const struct consw *csw);
125 int do_unregister_con_driver(const struct consw *csw);
126 int do_take_over_console(const struct consw *sw, int first, int last, int deflt);
127 void give_up_console(const struct consw *sw);
128 #ifdef CONFIG_HW_CONSOLE
129 void con_debug_enter(struct vc_data *vc);
130 void con_debug_leave(void);
131 #else
132 static inline void con_debug_enter(struct vc_data *vc) { }
133 static inline void con_debug_leave(void) { }
134 #endif
135 
136 /*
137  * The interface for a console, or any other device that wants to capture
138  * console messages (printer driver?)
139  */
140 
141 /**
142  * cons_flags - General console flags
143  * @CON_PRINTBUFFER:	Used by newly registered consoles to avoid duplicate
144  *			output of messages that were already shown by boot
145  *			consoles or read by userspace via syslog() syscall.
146  * @CON_CONSDEV:	Indicates that the console driver is backing
147  *			/dev/console.
148  * @CON_ENABLED:	Indicates if a console is allowed to print records. If
149  *			false, the console also will not advance to later
150  *			records.
151  * @CON_BOOT:		Marks the console driver as early console driver which
152  *			is used during boot before the real driver becomes
153  *			available. It will be automatically unregistered
154  *			when the real console driver is registered unless
155  *			"keep_bootcon" parameter is used.
156  * @CON_ANYTIME:	A misnomed historical flag which tells the core code
157  *			that the legacy @console::write callback can be invoked
158  *			on a CPU which is marked OFFLINE. That is misleading as
159  *			it suggests that there is no contextual limit for
160  *			invoking the callback. The original motivation was
161  *			readiness of the per-CPU areas.
162  * @CON_BRL:		Indicates a braille device which is exempt from
163  *			receiving the printk spam for obvious reasons.
164  * @CON_EXTENDED:	The console supports the extended output format of
165  *			/dev/kmesg which requires a larger output buffer.
166  * @CON_SUSPENDED:	Indicates if a console is suspended. If true, the
167  *			printing callbacks must not be called.
168  * @CON_NBCON:		Console can operate outside of the legacy style console_lock
169  *			constraints.
170  */
171 enum cons_flags {
172 	CON_PRINTBUFFER		= BIT(0),
173 	CON_CONSDEV		= BIT(1),
174 	CON_ENABLED		= BIT(2),
175 	CON_BOOT		= BIT(3),
176 	CON_ANYTIME		= BIT(4),
177 	CON_BRL			= BIT(5),
178 	CON_EXTENDED		= BIT(6),
179 	CON_SUSPENDED		= BIT(7),
180 	CON_NBCON		= BIT(8),
181 };
182 
183 /**
184  * struct nbcon_state - console state for nbcon consoles
185  * @atom:	Compound of the state fields for atomic operations
186  *
187  * @req_prio:		The priority of a handover request
188  * @prio:		The priority of the current owner
189  * @unsafe:		Console is busy in a non takeover region
190  * @unsafe_takeover:	A hostile takeover in an unsafe state happened in the
191  *			past. The console cannot be safe until re-initialized.
192  * @cpu:		The CPU on which the owner runs
193  *
194  * To be used for reading and preparing of the value stored in the nbcon
195  * state variable @console::nbcon_state.
196  *
197  * The @prio and @req_prio fields are particularly important to allow
198  * spin-waiting to timeout and give up without the risk of a waiter being
199  * assigned the lock after giving up.
200  */
201 struct nbcon_state {
202 	union {
203 		unsigned int	atom;
204 		struct {
205 			unsigned int prio		:  2;
206 			unsigned int req_prio		:  2;
207 			unsigned int unsafe		:  1;
208 			unsigned int unsafe_takeover	:  1;
209 			unsigned int cpu		: 24;
210 		};
211 	};
212 };
213 
214 /*
215  * The nbcon_state struct is used to easily create and interpret values that
216  * are stored in the @console::nbcon_state variable. Ensure this struct stays
217  * within the size boundaries of the atomic variable's underlying type in
218  * order to avoid any accidental truncation.
219  */
220 static_assert(sizeof(struct nbcon_state) <= sizeof(int));
221 
222 /**
223  * nbcon_prio - console owner priority for nbcon consoles
224  * @NBCON_PRIO_NONE:		Unused
225  * @NBCON_PRIO_NORMAL:		Normal (non-emergency) usage
226  * @NBCON_PRIO_EMERGENCY:	Emergency output (WARN/OOPS...)
227  * @NBCON_PRIO_PANIC:		Panic output
228  * @NBCON_PRIO_MAX:		The number of priority levels
229  *
230  * A higher priority context can takeover the console when it is
231  * in the safe state. The final attempt to flush consoles in panic()
232  * can be allowed to do so even in an unsafe state (Hope and pray).
233  */
234 enum nbcon_prio {
235 	NBCON_PRIO_NONE = 0,
236 	NBCON_PRIO_NORMAL,
237 	NBCON_PRIO_EMERGENCY,
238 	NBCON_PRIO_PANIC,
239 	NBCON_PRIO_MAX,
240 };
241 
242 struct console;
243 struct printk_buffers;
244 
245 /**
246  * struct nbcon_context - Context for console acquire/release
247  * @console:			The associated console
248  * @spinwait_max_us:		Limit for spin-wait acquire
249  * @prio:			Priority of the context
250  * @allow_unsafe_takeover:	Allow performing takeover even if unsafe. Can
251  *				be used only with NBCON_PRIO_PANIC @prio. It
252  *				might cause a system freeze when the console
253  *				is used later.
254  * @backlog:			Ringbuffer has pending records
255  * @pbufs:			Pointer to the text buffer for this context
256  * @seq:			The sequence number to print for this context
257  */
258 struct nbcon_context {
259 	/* members set by caller */
260 	struct console		*console;
261 	unsigned int		spinwait_max_us;
262 	enum nbcon_prio		prio;
263 	unsigned int		allow_unsafe_takeover	: 1;
264 
265 	/* members set by emit */
266 	unsigned int		backlog			: 1;
267 
268 	/* members set by acquire */
269 	struct printk_buffers	*pbufs;
270 	u64			seq;
271 };
272 
273 /**
274  * struct nbcon_write_context - Context handed to the nbcon write callbacks
275  * @ctxt:		The core console context
276  * @outbuf:		Pointer to the text buffer for output
277  * @len:		Length to write
278  * @unsafe_takeover:	If a hostile takeover in an unsafe state has occurred
279  */
280 struct nbcon_write_context {
281 	struct nbcon_context	__private ctxt;
282 	char			*outbuf;
283 	unsigned int		len;
284 	bool			unsafe_takeover;
285 };
286 
287 /**
288  * struct console - The console descriptor structure
289  * @name:		The name of the console driver
290  * @write:		Write callback to output messages (Optional)
291  * @read:		Read callback for console input (Optional)
292  * @device:		The underlying TTY device driver (Optional)
293  * @unblank:		Callback to unblank the console (Optional)
294  * @setup:		Callback for initializing the console (Optional)
295  * @exit:		Callback for teardown of the console (Optional)
296  * @match:		Callback for matching a console (Optional)
297  * @flags:		Console flags. See enum cons_flags
298  * @index:		Console index, e.g. port number
299  * @cflag:		TTY control mode flags
300  * @ispeed:		TTY input speed
301  * @ospeed:		TTY output speed
302  * @seq:		Sequence number of the next ringbuffer record to print
303  * @dropped:		Number of unreported dropped ringbuffer records
304  * @data:		Driver private data
305  * @node:		hlist node for the console list
306  *
307  * @write_atomic:	Write callback for atomic context
308  * @nbcon_state:	State for nbcon consoles
309  * @nbcon_seq:		Sequence number of the next record for nbcon to print
310  * @pbufs:		Pointer to nbcon private buffer
311  */
312 struct console {
313 	char			name[16];
314 	void			(*write)(struct console *co, const char *s, unsigned int count);
315 	int			(*read)(struct console *co, char *s, unsigned int count);
316 	struct tty_driver	*(*device)(struct console *co, int *index);
317 	void			(*unblank)(void);
318 	int			(*setup)(struct console *co, char *options);
319 	int			(*exit)(struct console *co);
320 	int			(*match)(struct console *co, char *name, int idx, char *options);
321 	short			flags;
322 	short			index;
323 	int			cflag;
324 	uint			ispeed;
325 	uint			ospeed;
326 	u64			seq;
327 	unsigned long		dropped;
328 	void			*data;
329 	struct hlist_node	node;
330 
331 	/* nbcon console specific members */
332 	bool			(*write_atomic)(struct console *con,
333 						struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
334 	atomic_t		__private nbcon_state;
335 	atomic_long_t		__private nbcon_seq;
336 	struct printk_buffers	*pbufs;
337 };
338 
339 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
340 extern void lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held(void);
341 #else
342 static inline void lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held(void)
343 {
344 }
345 #endif
346 
347 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
348 extern bool console_srcu_read_lock_is_held(void);
349 #else
350 static inline bool console_srcu_read_lock_is_held(void)
351 {
352 	return 1;
353 }
354 #endif
355 
356 extern int console_srcu_read_lock(void);
357 extern void console_srcu_read_unlock(int cookie);
358 
359 extern void console_list_lock(void) __acquires(console_mutex);
360 extern void console_list_unlock(void) __releases(console_mutex);
361 
362 extern struct hlist_head console_list;
363 
364 /**
365  * console_srcu_read_flags - Locklessly read the console flags
366  * @con:	struct console pointer of console to read flags from
367  *
368  * This function provides the necessary READ_ONCE() and data_race()
369  * notation for locklessly reading the console flags. The READ_ONCE()
370  * in this function matches the WRITE_ONCE() when @flags are modified
371  * for registered consoles with console_srcu_write_flags().
372  *
373  * Only use this function to read console flags when locklessly
374  * iterating the console list via srcu.
375  *
376  * Context: Any context.
377  */
378 static inline short console_srcu_read_flags(const struct console *con)
379 {
380 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!console_srcu_read_lock_is_held());
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * Locklessly reading console->flags provides a consistent
384 	 * read value because there is at most one CPU modifying
385 	 * console->flags and that CPU is using only read-modify-write
386 	 * operations to do so.
387 	 */
388 	return data_race(READ_ONCE(con->flags));
389 }
390 
391 /**
392  * console_srcu_write_flags - Write flags for a registered console
393  * @con:	struct console pointer of console to write flags to
394  * @flags:	new flags value to write
395  *
396  * Only use this function to write flags for registered consoles. It
397  * requires holding the console_list_lock.
398  *
399  * Context: Any context.
400  */
401 static inline void console_srcu_write_flags(struct console *con, short flags)
402 {
403 	lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held();
404 
405 	/* This matches the READ_ONCE() in console_srcu_read_flags(). */
406 	WRITE_ONCE(con->flags, flags);
407 }
408 
409 /* Variant of console_is_registered() when the console_list_lock is held. */
410 static inline bool console_is_registered_locked(const struct console *con)
411 {
412 	lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held();
413 	return !hlist_unhashed(&con->node);
414 }
415 
416 /*
417  * console_is_registered - Check if the console is registered
418  * @con:	struct console pointer of console to check
419  *
420  * Context: Process context. May sleep while acquiring console list lock.
421  * Return: true if the console is in the console list, otherwise false.
422  *
423  * If false is returned for a console that was previously registered, it
424  * can be assumed that the console's unregistration is fully completed,
425  * including the exit() callback after console list removal.
426  */
427 static inline bool console_is_registered(const struct console *con)
428 {
429 	bool ret;
430 
431 	console_list_lock();
432 	ret = console_is_registered_locked(con);
433 	console_list_unlock();
434 	return ret;
435 }
436 
437 /**
438  * for_each_console_srcu() - Iterator over registered consoles
439  * @con:	struct console pointer used as loop cursor
440  *
441  * Although SRCU guarantees the console list will be consistent, the
442  * struct console fields may be updated by other CPUs while iterating.
443  *
444  * Requires console_srcu_read_lock to be held. Can be invoked from
445  * any context.
446  */
447 #define for_each_console_srcu(con)					\
448 	hlist_for_each_entry_srcu(con, &console_list, node,		\
449 				  console_srcu_read_lock_is_held())
450 
451 /**
452  * for_each_console() - Iterator over registered consoles
453  * @con:	struct console pointer used as loop cursor
454  *
455  * The console list and the console->flags are immutable while iterating.
456  *
457  * Requires console_list_lock to be held.
458  */
459 #define for_each_console(con)						\
460 	lockdep_assert_console_list_lock_held();			\
461 	hlist_for_each_entry(con, &console_list, node)
462 
463 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
464 extern bool nbcon_can_proceed(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
465 extern bool nbcon_enter_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
466 extern bool nbcon_exit_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt);
467 #else
468 static inline bool nbcon_can_proceed(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt) { return false; }
469 static inline bool nbcon_enter_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt) { return false; }
470 static inline bool nbcon_exit_unsafe(struct nbcon_write_context *wctxt) { return false; }
471 #endif
472 
473 extern int console_set_on_cmdline;
474 extern struct console *early_console;
475 
476 enum con_flush_mode {
477 	CONSOLE_FLUSH_PENDING,
478 	CONSOLE_REPLAY_ALL,
479 };
480 
481 extern int add_preferred_console(const char *name, const short idx, char *options);
482 extern void console_force_preferred_locked(struct console *con);
483 extern void register_console(struct console *);
484 extern int unregister_console(struct console *);
485 extern void console_lock(void);
486 extern int console_trylock(void);
487 extern void console_unlock(void);
488 extern void console_conditional_schedule(void);
489 extern void console_unblank(void);
490 extern void console_flush_on_panic(enum con_flush_mode mode);
491 extern struct tty_driver *console_device(int *);
492 extern void console_stop(struct console *);
493 extern void console_start(struct console *);
494 extern int is_console_locked(void);
495 extern int braille_register_console(struct console *, int index,
496 		char *console_options, char *braille_options);
497 extern int braille_unregister_console(struct console *);
498 #ifdef CONFIG_TTY
499 extern void console_sysfs_notify(void);
500 #else
501 static inline void console_sysfs_notify(void)
502 { }
503 #endif
504 extern bool console_suspend_enabled;
505 
506 /* Suspend and resume console messages over PM events */
507 extern void suspend_console(void);
508 extern void resume_console(void);
509 
510 int mda_console_init(void);
511 
512 void vcs_make_sysfs(int index);
513 void vcs_remove_sysfs(int index);
514 
515 /* Some debug stub to catch some of the obvious races in the VT code */
516 #define WARN_CONSOLE_UNLOCKED()						\
517 	WARN_ON(!atomic_read(&ignore_console_lock_warning) &&		\
518 		!is_console_locked() && !oops_in_progress)
519 /*
520  * Increment ignore_console_lock_warning if you need to quiet
521  * WARN_CONSOLE_UNLOCKED() for debugging purposes.
522  */
523 extern atomic_t ignore_console_lock_warning;
524 
525 extern void console_init(void);
526 
527 /* For deferred console takeover */
528 void dummycon_register_output_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb);
529 void dummycon_unregister_output_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb);
530 
531 #endif /* _LINUX_CONSOLE_H */
532