xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/compiler-gcc.h (revision bbb03029)
1 #ifndef __LINUX_COMPILER_H
2 #error "Please don't include <linux/compiler-gcc.h> directly, include <linux/compiler.h> instead."
3 #endif
4 
5 /*
6  * Common definitions for all gcc versions go here.
7  */
8 #define GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__ * 10000		\
9 		     + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100	\
10 		     + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
11 
12 /* Optimization barrier */
13 
14 /* The "volatile" is due to gcc bugs */
15 #define barrier() __asm__ __volatile__("": : :"memory")
16 /*
17  * This version is i.e. to prevent dead stores elimination on @ptr
18  * where gcc and llvm may behave differently when otherwise using
19  * normal barrier(): while gcc behavior gets along with a normal
20  * barrier(), llvm needs an explicit input variable to be assumed
21  * clobbered. The issue is as follows: while the inline asm might
22  * access any memory it wants, the compiler could have fit all of
23  * @ptr into memory registers instead, and since @ptr never escaped
24  * from that, it proved that the inline asm wasn't touching any of
25  * it. This version works well with both compilers, i.e. we're telling
26  * the compiler that the inline asm absolutely may see the contents
27  * of @ptr. See also: https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=15495
28  */
29 #define barrier_data(ptr) __asm__ __volatile__("": :"r"(ptr) :"memory")
30 
31 /*
32  * This macro obfuscates arithmetic on a variable address so that gcc
33  * shouldn't recognize the original var, and make assumptions about it.
34  *
35  * This is needed because the C standard makes it undefined to do
36  * pointer arithmetic on "objects" outside their boundaries and the
37  * gcc optimizers assume this is the case. In particular they
38  * assume such arithmetic does not wrap.
39  *
40  * A miscompilation has been observed because of this on PPC.
41  * To work around it we hide the relationship of the pointer and the object
42  * using this macro.
43  *
44  * Versions of the ppc64 compiler before 4.1 had a bug where use of
45  * RELOC_HIDE could trash r30. The bug can be worked around by changing
46  * the inline assembly constraint from =g to =r, in this particular
47  * case either is valid.
48  */
49 #define RELOC_HIDE(ptr, off)						\
50 ({									\
51 	unsigned long __ptr;						\
52 	__asm__ ("" : "=r"(__ptr) : "0"(ptr));				\
53 	(typeof(ptr)) (__ptr + (off));					\
54 })
55 
56 /* Make the optimizer believe the variable can be manipulated arbitrarily. */
57 #define OPTIMIZER_HIDE_VAR(var)						\
58 	__asm__ ("" : "=r" (var) : "0" (var))
59 
60 #ifdef __CHECKER__
61 #define __must_be_array(a)	0
62 #else
63 /* &a[0] degrades to a pointer: a different type from an array */
64 #define __must_be_array(a)	BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO(__same_type((a), &(a)[0]))
65 #endif
66 
67 /*
68  * Force always-inline if the user requests it so via the .config,
69  * or if gcc is too old.
70  * GCC does not warn about unused static inline functions for
71  * -Wunused-function.  This turns out to avoid the need for complex #ifdef
72  * directives.  Suppress the warning in clang as well by using "unused"
73  * function attribute, which is redundant but not harmful for gcc.
74  */
75 #if !defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_OPTIMIZED_INLINING) ||		\
76     !defined(CONFIG_OPTIMIZE_INLINING) || (__GNUC__ < 4)
77 #define inline inline		__attribute__((always_inline,unused)) notrace
78 #define __inline__ __inline__	__attribute__((always_inline,unused)) notrace
79 #define __inline __inline	__attribute__((always_inline,unused)) notrace
80 #else
81 /* A lot of inline functions can cause havoc with function tracing */
82 #define inline inline		__attribute__((unused)) notrace
83 #define __inline__ __inline__	__attribute__((unused)) notrace
84 #define __inline __inline	__attribute__((unused)) notrace
85 #endif
86 
87 #define __always_inline	inline __attribute__((always_inline))
88 #define  noinline	__attribute__((noinline))
89 
90 #define __deprecated	__attribute__((deprecated))
91 #define __packed	__attribute__((packed))
92 #define __weak		__attribute__((weak))
93 #define __alias(symbol)	__attribute__((alias(#symbol)))
94 
95 /*
96  * it doesn't make sense on ARM (currently the only user of __naked)
97  * to trace naked functions because then mcount is called without
98  * stack and frame pointer being set up and there is no chance to
99  * restore the lr register to the value before mcount was called.
100  *
101  * The asm() bodies of naked functions often depend on standard calling
102  * conventions, therefore they must be noinline and noclone.
103  *
104  * GCC 4.[56] currently fail to enforce this, so we must do so ourselves.
105  * See GCC PR44290.
106  */
107 #define __naked		__attribute__((naked)) noinline __noclone notrace
108 
109 #define __noreturn	__attribute__((noreturn))
110 
111 /*
112  * From the GCC manual:
113  *
114  * Many functions have no effects except the return value and their
115  * return value depends only on the parameters and/or global
116  * variables.  Such a function can be subject to common subexpression
117  * elimination and loop optimization just as an arithmetic operator
118  * would be.
119  * [...]
120  */
121 #define __pure			__attribute__((pure))
122 #define __aligned(x)		__attribute__((aligned(x)))
123 #define __aligned_largest	__attribute__((aligned))
124 #define __printf(a, b)		__attribute__((format(printf, a, b)))
125 #define __scanf(a, b)		__attribute__((format(scanf, a, b)))
126 #define __attribute_const__	__attribute__((__const__))
127 #define __maybe_unused		__attribute__((unused))
128 #define __always_unused		__attribute__((unused))
129 #define __mode(x)               __attribute__((mode(x)))
130 
131 /* gcc version specific checks */
132 
133 #if GCC_VERSION < 30200
134 # error Sorry, your compiler is too old - please upgrade it.
135 #endif
136 
137 #if GCC_VERSION < 30300
138 # define __used			__attribute__((__unused__))
139 #else
140 # define __used			__attribute__((__used__))
141 #endif
142 
143 #ifdef CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL
144 # if GCC_VERSION < 30400
145 #   error "GCOV profiling support for gcc versions below 3.4 not included"
146 # endif /* __GNUC_MINOR__ */
147 #endif /* CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL */
148 
149 #if GCC_VERSION >= 30400
150 #define __must_check		__attribute__((warn_unused_result))
151 #define __malloc		__attribute__((__malloc__))
152 #endif
153 
154 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40000
155 
156 /* GCC 4.1.[01] miscompiles __weak */
157 #ifdef __KERNEL__
158 # if GCC_VERSION >= 40100 &&  GCC_VERSION <= 40101
159 #  error Your version of gcc miscompiles the __weak directive
160 # endif
161 #endif
162 
163 #define __used			__attribute__((__used__))
164 #define __compiler_offsetof(a, b)					\
165 	__builtin_offsetof(a, b)
166 
167 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40100
168 # define __compiletime_object_size(obj) __builtin_object_size(obj, 0)
169 #endif
170 
171 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40300
172 /* Mark functions as cold. gcc will assume any path leading to a call
173  * to them will be unlikely.  This means a lot of manual unlikely()s
174  * are unnecessary now for any paths leading to the usual suspects
175  * like BUG(), printk(), panic() etc. [but let's keep them for now for
176  * older compilers]
177  *
178  * Early snapshots of gcc 4.3 don't support this and we can't detect this
179  * in the preprocessor, but we can live with this because they're unreleased.
180  * Maketime probing would be overkill here.
181  *
182  * gcc also has a __attribute__((__hot__)) to move hot functions into
183  * a special section, but I don't see any sense in this right now in
184  * the kernel context
185  */
186 #define __cold			__attribute__((__cold__))
187 
188 #define __UNIQUE_ID(prefix) __PASTE(__PASTE(__UNIQUE_ID_, prefix), __COUNTER__)
189 
190 #ifndef __CHECKER__
191 # define __compiletime_warning(message) __attribute__((warning(message)))
192 # define __compiletime_error(message) __attribute__((error(message)))
193 #endif /* __CHECKER__ */
194 #endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40300 */
195 
196 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40500
197 
198 #ifndef __CHECKER__
199 #ifdef LATENT_ENTROPY_PLUGIN
200 #define __latent_entropy __attribute__((latent_entropy))
201 #endif
202 #endif
203 
204 #ifdef CONFIG_STACK_VALIDATION
205 #define annotate_unreachable() ({					\
206 	asm("%c0:\t\n"							\
207 	    ".pushsection .discard.unreachable\t\n"			\
208 	    ".long %c0b - .\t\n"					\
209 	    ".popsection\t\n" : : "i" (__LINE__));			\
210 })
211 #else
212 #define annotate_unreachable()
213 #endif
214 
215 /*
216  * Mark a position in code as unreachable.  This can be used to
217  * suppress control flow warnings after asm blocks that transfer
218  * control elsewhere.
219  *
220  * Early snapshots of gcc 4.5 don't support this and we can't detect
221  * this in the preprocessor, but we can live with this because they're
222  * unreleased.  Really, we need to have autoconf for the kernel.
223  */
224 #define unreachable() \
225 	do { annotate_unreachable(); __builtin_unreachable(); } while (0)
226 
227 /* Mark a function definition as prohibited from being cloned. */
228 #define __noclone	__attribute__((__noclone__, __optimize__("no-tracer")))
229 
230 #ifdef RANDSTRUCT_PLUGIN
231 #define __randomize_layout __attribute__((randomize_layout))
232 #define __no_randomize_layout __attribute__((no_randomize_layout))
233 #endif
234 
235 #endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40500 */
236 
237 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40600
238 
239 /*
240  * When used with Link Time Optimization, gcc can optimize away C functions or
241  * variables which are referenced only from assembly code.  __visible tells the
242  * optimizer that something else uses this function or variable, thus preventing
243  * this.
244  */
245 #define __visible	__attribute__((externally_visible))
246 
247 /*
248  * RANDSTRUCT_PLUGIN wants to use an anonymous struct, but it is only
249  * possible since GCC 4.6. To provide as much build testing coverage
250  * as possible, this is used for all GCC 4.6+ builds, and not just on
251  * RANDSTRUCT_PLUGIN builds.
252  */
253 #define randomized_struct_fields_start	struct {
254 #define randomized_struct_fields_end	} __randomize_layout;
255 
256 #endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40600 */
257 
258 
259 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40900 && !defined(__CHECKER__)
260 /*
261  * __assume_aligned(n, k): Tell the optimizer that the returned
262  * pointer can be assumed to be k modulo n. The second argument is
263  * optional (default 0), so we use a variadic macro to make the
264  * shorthand.
265  *
266  * Beware: Do not apply this to functions which may return
267  * ERR_PTRs. Also, it is probably unwise to apply it to functions
268  * returning extra information in the low bits (but in that case the
269  * compiler should see some alignment anyway, when the return value is
270  * massaged by 'flags = ptr & 3; ptr &= ~3;').
271  */
272 #define __assume_aligned(a, ...) __attribute__((__assume_aligned__(a, ## __VA_ARGS__)))
273 #endif
274 
275 /*
276  * GCC 'asm goto' miscompiles certain code sequences:
277  *
278  *   http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=58670
279  *
280  * Work it around via a compiler barrier quirk suggested by Jakub Jelinek.
281  *
282  * (asm goto is automatically volatile - the naming reflects this.)
283  */
284 #define asm_volatile_goto(x...)	do { asm goto(x); asm (""); } while (0)
285 
286 /*
287  * sparse (__CHECKER__) pretends to be gcc, but can't do constant
288  * folding in __builtin_bswap*() (yet), so don't set these for it.
289  */
290 #if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP) && !defined(__CHECKER__)
291 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40400
292 #define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP32__
293 #define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP64__
294 #endif
295 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40800
296 #define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP16__
297 #endif
298 #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP && !__CHECKER__ */
299 
300 #if GCC_VERSION >= 70000
301 #define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 5
302 #elif GCC_VERSION >= 50000
303 #define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 4
304 #elif GCC_VERSION >= 40902
305 #define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 3
306 #endif
307 
308 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40902
309 /*
310  * Tell the compiler that address safety instrumentation (KASAN)
311  * should not be applied to that function.
312  * Conflicts with inlining: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=67368
313  */
314 #define __no_sanitize_address __attribute__((no_sanitize_address))
315 #endif
316 
317 #if GCC_VERSION >= 50100
318 /*
319  * Mark structures as requiring designated initializers.
320  * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Designated-Inits.html
321  */
322 #define __designated_init __attribute__((designated_init))
323 #endif
324 
325 #endif	/* gcc version >= 40000 specific checks */
326 
327 #if !defined(__noclone)
328 #define __noclone	/* not needed */
329 #endif
330 
331 #if !defined(__no_sanitize_address)
332 #define __no_sanitize_address
333 #endif
334 
335 /*
336  * A trick to suppress uninitialized variable warning without generating any
337  * code
338  */
339 #define uninitialized_var(x) x = x
340