xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/cgroup.h (revision 2ff9f317)
1 #ifndef _LINUX_CGROUP_H
2 #define _LINUX_CGROUP_H
3 /*
4  *  cgroup interface
5  *
6  *  Copyright (C) 2003 BULL SA
7  *  Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
8  *
9  */
10 
11 #include <linux/sched.h>
12 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
13 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
14 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
15 #include <linux/cgroupstats.h>
16 #include <linux/prio_heap.h>
17 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
18 #include <linux/idr.h>
19 
20 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUPS
21 
22 struct cgroupfs_root;
23 struct cgroup_subsys;
24 struct inode;
25 struct cgroup;
26 struct css_id;
27 
28 extern int cgroup_init_early(void);
29 extern int cgroup_init(void);
30 extern void cgroup_lock(void);
31 extern int cgroup_lock_is_held(void);
32 extern bool cgroup_lock_live_group(struct cgroup *cgrp);
33 extern void cgroup_unlock(void);
34 extern void cgroup_fork(struct task_struct *p);
35 extern void cgroup_fork_callbacks(struct task_struct *p);
36 extern void cgroup_post_fork(struct task_struct *p);
37 extern void cgroup_exit(struct task_struct *p, int run_callbacks);
38 extern int cgroupstats_build(struct cgroupstats *stats,
39 				struct dentry *dentry);
40 extern int cgroup_load_subsys(struct cgroup_subsys *ss);
41 extern void cgroup_unload_subsys(struct cgroup_subsys *ss);
42 
43 extern const struct file_operations proc_cgroup_operations;
44 
45 /* Define the enumeration of all builtin cgroup subsystems */
46 #define SUBSYS(_x) _x ## _subsys_id,
47 enum cgroup_subsys_id {
48 #include <linux/cgroup_subsys.h>
49 	CGROUP_BUILTIN_SUBSYS_COUNT
50 };
51 #undef SUBSYS
52 /*
53  * This define indicates the maximum number of subsystems that can be loaded
54  * at once. We limit to this many since cgroupfs_root has subsys_bits to keep
55  * track of all of them.
56  */
57 #define CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT (BITS_PER_BYTE*sizeof(unsigned long))
58 
59 /* Per-subsystem/per-cgroup state maintained by the system. */
60 struct cgroup_subsys_state {
61 	/*
62 	 * The cgroup that this subsystem is attached to. Useful
63 	 * for subsystems that want to know about the cgroup
64 	 * hierarchy structure
65 	 */
66 	struct cgroup *cgroup;
67 
68 	/*
69 	 * State maintained by the cgroup system to allow subsystems
70 	 * to be "busy". Should be accessed via css_get(),
71 	 * css_tryget() and and css_put().
72 	 */
73 
74 	atomic_t refcnt;
75 
76 	unsigned long flags;
77 	/* ID for this css, if possible */
78 	struct css_id __rcu *id;
79 };
80 
81 /* bits in struct cgroup_subsys_state flags field */
82 enum {
83 	CSS_ROOT, /* This CSS is the root of the subsystem */
84 	CSS_REMOVED, /* This CSS is dead */
85 };
86 
87 /* Caller must verify that the css is not for root cgroup */
88 static inline void __css_get(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, int count)
89 {
90 	atomic_add(count, &css->refcnt);
91 }
92 
93 /*
94  * Call css_get() to hold a reference on the css; it can be used
95  * for a reference obtained via:
96  * - an existing ref-counted reference to the css
97  * - task->cgroups for a locked task
98  */
99 
100 static inline void css_get(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
101 {
102 	/* We don't need to reference count the root state */
103 	if (!test_bit(CSS_ROOT, &css->flags))
104 		__css_get(css, 1);
105 }
106 
107 static inline bool css_is_removed(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
108 {
109 	return test_bit(CSS_REMOVED, &css->flags);
110 }
111 
112 /*
113  * Call css_tryget() to take a reference on a css if your existing
114  * (known-valid) reference isn't already ref-counted. Returns false if
115  * the css has been destroyed.
116  */
117 
118 static inline bool css_tryget(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
119 {
120 	if (test_bit(CSS_ROOT, &css->flags))
121 		return true;
122 	while (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&css->refcnt)) {
123 		if (test_bit(CSS_REMOVED, &css->flags))
124 			return false;
125 		cpu_relax();
126 	}
127 	return true;
128 }
129 
130 /*
131  * css_put() should be called to release a reference taken by
132  * css_get() or css_tryget()
133  */
134 
135 extern void __css_put(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, int count);
136 static inline void css_put(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
137 {
138 	if (!test_bit(CSS_ROOT, &css->flags))
139 		__css_put(css, 1);
140 }
141 
142 /* bits in struct cgroup flags field */
143 enum {
144 	/* Control Group is dead */
145 	CGRP_REMOVED,
146 	/*
147 	 * Control Group has previously had a child cgroup or a task,
148 	 * but no longer (only if CGRP_NOTIFY_ON_RELEASE is set)
149 	 */
150 	CGRP_RELEASABLE,
151 	/* Control Group requires release notifications to userspace */
152 	CGRP_NOTIFY_ON_RELEASE,
153 	/*
154 	 * A thread in rmdir() is wating for this cgroup.
155 	 */
156 	CGRP_WAIT_ON_RMDIR,
157 	/*
158 	 * Clone cgroup values when creating a new child cgroup
159 	 */
160 	CGRP_CLONE_CHILDREN,
161 };
162 
163 struct cgroup {
164 	unsigned long flags;		/* "unsigned long" so bitops work */
165 
166 	/*
167 	 * count users of this cgroup. >0 means busy, but doesn't
168 	 * necessarily indicate the number of tasks in the cgroup
169 	 */
170 	atomic_t count;
171 
172 	/*
173 	 * We link our 'sibling' struct into our parent's 'children'.
174 	 * Our children link their 'sibling' into our 'children'.
175 	 */
176 	struct list_head sibling;	/* my parent's children */
177 	struct list_head children;	/* my children */
178 
179 	struct cgroup *parent;		/* my parent */
180 	struct dentry __rcu *dentry;	/* cgroup fs entry, RCU protected */
181 
182 	/* Private pointers for each registered subsystem */
183 	struct cgroup_subsys_state *subsys[CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT];
184 
185 	struct cgroupfs_root *root;
186 	struct cgroup *top_cgroup;
187 
188 	/*
189 	 * List of cg_cgroup_links pointing at css_sets with
190 	 * tasks in this cgroup. Protected by css_set_lock
191 	 */
192 	struct list_head css_sets;
193 
194 	/*
195 	 * Linked list running through all cgroups that can
196 	 * potentially be reaped by the release agent. Protected by
197 	 * release_list_lock
198 	 */
199 	struct list_head release_list;
200 
201 	/*
202 	 * list of pidlists, up to two for each namespace (one for procs, one
203 	 * for tasks); created on demand.
204 	 */
205 	struct list_head pidlists;
206 	struct mutex pidlist_mutex;
207 
208 	/* For RCU-protected deletion */
209 	struct rcu_head rcu_head;
210 
211 	/* List of events which userspace want to receive */
212 	struct list_head event_list;
213 	spinlock_t event_list_lock;
214 };
215 
216 /*
217  * A css_set is a structure holding pointers to a set of
218  * cgroup_subsys_state objects. This saves space in the task struct
219  * object and speeds up fork()/exit(), since a single inc/dec and a
220  * list_add()/del() can bump the reference count on the entire cgroup
221  * set for a task.
222  */
223 
224 struct css_set {
225 
226 	/* Reference count */
227 	atomic_t refcount;
228 
229 	/*
230 	 * List running through all cgroup groups in the same hash
231 	 * slot. Protected by css_set_lock
232 	 */
233 	struct hlist_node hlist;
234 
235 	/*
236 	 * List running through all tasks using this cgroup
237 	 * group. Protected by css_set_lock
238 	 */
239 	struct list_head tasks;
240 
241 	/*
242 	 * List of cg_cgroup_link objects on link chains from
243 	 * cgroups referenced from this css_set. Protected by
244 	 * css_set_lock
245 	 */
246 	struct list_head cg_links;
247 
248 	/*
249 	 * Set of subsystem states, one for each subsystem. This array
250 	 * is immutable after creation apart from the init_css_set
251 	 * during subsystem registration (at boot time) and modular subsystem
252 	 * loading/unloading.
253 	 */
254 	struct cgroup_subsys_state *subsys[CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT];
255 
256 	/* For RCU-protected deletion */
257 	struct rcu_head rcu_head;
258 };
259 
260 /*
261  * cgroup_map_cb is an abstract callback API for reporting map-valued
262  * control files
263  */
264 
265 struct cgroup_map_cb {
266 	int (*fill)(struct cgroup_map_cb *cb, const char *key, u64 value);
267 	void *state;
268 };
269 
270 /*
271  * struct cftype: handler definitions for cgroup control files
272  *
273  * When reading/writing to a file:
274  *	- the cgroup to use is file->f_dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata
275  *	- the 'cftype' of the file is file->f_dentry->d_fsdata
276  */
277 
278 #define MAX_CFTYPE_NAME 64
279 struct cftype {
280 	/*
281 	 * By convention, the name should begin with the name of the
282 	 * subsystem, followed by a period
283 	 */
284 	char name[MAX_CFTYPE_NAME];
285 	int private;
286 	/*
287 	 * If not 0, file mode is set to this value, otherwise it will
288 	 * be figured out automatically
289 	 */
290 	umode_t mode;
291 
292 	/*
293 	 * If non-zero, defines the maximum length of string that can
294 	 * be passed to write_string; defaults to 64
295 	 */
296 	size_t max_write_len;
297 
298 	int (*open)(struct inode *inode, struct file *file);
299 	ssize_t (*read)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft,
300 			struct file *file,
301 			char __user *buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t *ppos);
302 	/*
303 	 * read_u64() is a shortcut for the common case of returning a
304 	 * single integer. Use it in place of read()
305 	 */
306 	u64 (*read_u64)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft);
307 	/*
308 	 * read_s64() is a signed version of read_u64()
309 	 */
310 	s64 (*read_s64)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft);
311 	/*
312 	 * read_map() is used for defining a map of key/value
313 	 * pairs. It should call cb->fill(cb, key, value) for each
314 	 * entry. The key/value pairs (and their ordering) should not
315 	 * change between reboots.
316 	 */
317 	int (*read_map)(struct cgroup *cont, struct cftype *cft,
318 			struct cgroup_map_cb *cb);
319 	/*
320 	 * read_seq_string() is used for outputting a simple sequence
321 	 * using seqfile.
322 	 */
323 	int (*read_seq_string)(struct cgroup *cont, struct cftype *cft,
324 			       struct seq_file *m);
325 
326 	ssize_t (*write)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft,
327 			 struct file *file,
328 			 const char __user *buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t *ppos);
329 
330 	/*
331 	 * write_u64() is a shortcut for the common case of accepting
332 	 * a single integer (as parsed by simple_strtoull) from
333 	 * userspace. Use in place of write(); return 0 or error.
334 	 */
335 	int (*write_u64)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft, u64 val);
336 	/*
337 	 * write_s64() is a signed version of write_u64()
338 	 */
339 	int (*write_s64)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft, s64 val);
340 
341 	/*
342 	 * write_string() is passed a nul-terminated kernelspace
343 	 * buffer of maximum length determined by max_write_len.
344 	 * Returns 0 or -ve error code.
345 	 */
346 	int (*write_string)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft,
347 			    const char *buffer);
348 	/*
349 	 * trigger() callback can be used to get some kick from the
350 	 * userspace, when the actual string written is not important
351 	 * at all. The private field can be used to determine the
352 	 * kick type for multiplexing.
353 	 */
354 	int (*trigger)(struct cgroup *cgrp, unsigned int event);
355 
356 	int (*release)(struct inode *inode, struct file *file);
357 
358 	/*
359 	 * register_event() callback will be used to add new userspace
360 	 * waiter for changes related to the cftype. Implement it if
361 	 * you want to provide this functionality. Use eventfd_signal()
362 	 * on eventfd to send notification to userspace.
363 	 */
364 	int (*register_event)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft,
365 			struct eventfd_ctx *eventfd, const char *args);
366 	/*
367 	 * unregister_event() callback will be called when userspace
368 	 * closes the eventfd or on cgroup removing.
369 	 * This callback must be implemented, if you want provide
370 	 * notification functionality.
371 	 */
372 	void (*unregister_event)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft,
373 			struct eventfd_ctx *eventfd);
374 };
375 
376 struct cgroup_scanner {
377 	struct cgroup *cg;
378 	int (*test_task)(struct task_struct *p, struct cgroup_scanner *scan);
379 	void (*process_task)(struct task_struct *p,
380 			struct cgroup_scanner *scan);
381 	struct ptr_heap *heap;
382 	void *data;
383 };
384 
385 /*
386  * Add a new file to the given cgroup directory. Should only be
387  * called by subsystems from within a populate() method
388  */
389 int cgroup_add_file(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_subsys *subsys,
390 		       const struct cftype *cft);
391 
392 /*
393  * Add a set of new files to the given cgroup directory. Should
394  * only be called by subsystems from within a populate() method
395  */
396 int cgroup_add_files(struct cgroup *cgrp,
397 			struct cgroup_subsys *subsys,
398 			const struct cftype cft[],
399 			int count);
400 
401 int cgroup_is_removed(const struct cgroup *cgrp);
402 
403 int cgroup_path(const struct cgroup *cgrp, char *buf, int buflen);
404 
405 int cgroup_task_count(const struct cgroup *cgrp);
406 
407 /* Return true if cgrp is a descendant of the task's cgroup */
408 int cgroup_is_descendant(const struct cgroup *cgrp, struct task_struct *task);
409 
410 /*
411  * When the subsys has to access css and may add permanent refcnt to css,
412  * it should take care of racy conditions with rmdir(). Following set of
413  * functions, is for stop/restart rmdir if necessary.
414  * Because these will call css_get/put, "css" should be alive css.
415  *
416  *  cgroup_exclude_rmdir();
417  *  ...do some jobs which may access arbitrary empty cgroup
418  *  cgroup_release_and_wakeup_rmdir();
419  *
420  *  When someone removes a cgroup while cgroup_exclude_rmdir() holds it,
421  *  it sleeps and cgroup_release_and_wakeup_rmdir() will wake him up.
422  */
423 
424 void cgroup_exclude_rmdir(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css);
425 void cgroup_release_and_wakeup_rmdir(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css);
426 
427 /*
428  * Control Group taskset, used to pass around set of tasks to cgroup_subsys
429  * methods.
430  */
431 struct cgroup_taskset;
432 struct task_struct *cgroup_taskset_first(struct cgroup_taskset *tset);
433 struct task_struct *cgroup_taskset_next(struct cgroup_taskset *tset);
434 struct cgroup *cgroup_taskset_cur_cgroup(struct cgroup_taskset *tset);
435 int cgroup_taskset_size(struct cgroup_taskset *tset);
436 
437 /**
438  * cgroup_taskset_for_each - iterate cgroup_taskset
439  * @task: the loop cursor
440  * @skip_cgrp: skip if task's cgroup matches this, %NULL to iterate through all
441  * @tset: taskset to iterate
442  */
443 #define cgroup_taskset_for_each(task, skip_cgrp, tset)			\
444 	for ((task) = cgroup_taskset_first((tset)); (task);		\
445 	     (task) = cgroup_taskset_next((tset)))			\
446 		if (!(skip_cgrp) ||					\
447 		    cgroup_taskset_cur_cgroup((tset)) != (skip_cgrp))
448 
449 /*
450  * Control Group subsystem type.
451  * See Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt for details
452  */
453 
454 struct cgroup_subsys {
455 	struct cgroup_subsys_state *(*create)(struct cgroup *cgrp);
456 	int (*pre_destroy)(struct cgroup *cgrp);
457 	void (*destroy)(struct cgroup *cgrp);
458 	int (*can_attach)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_taskset *tset);
459 	void (*cancel_attach)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_taskset *tset);
460 	void (*attach)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_taskset *tset);
461 	void (*fork)(struct task_struct *task);
462 	void (*exit)(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup *old_cgrp,
463 		     struct task_struct *task);
464 	int (*populate)(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp);
465 	void (*post_clone)(struct cgroup *cgrp);
466 	void (*bind)(struct cgroup *root);
467 
468 	int subsys_id;
469 	int active;
470 	int disabled;
471 	int early_init;
472 	/*
473 	 * True if this subsys uses ID. ID is not available before cgroup_init()
474 	 * (not available in early_init time.)
475 	 */
476 	bool use_id;
477 #define MAX_CGROUP_TYPE_NAMELEN 32
478 	const char *name;
479 
480 	/*
481 	 * Protects sibling/children links of cgroups in this
482 	 * hierarchy, plus protects which hierarchy (or none) the
483 	 * subsystem is a part of (i.e. root/sibling).  To avoid
484 	 * potential deadlocks, the following operations should not be
485 	 * undertaken while holding any hierarchy_mutex:
486 	 *
487 	 * - allocating memory
488 	 * - initiating hotplug events
489 	 */
490 	struct mutex hierarchy_mutex;
491 	struct lock_class_key subsys_key;
492 
493 	/*
494 	 * Link to parent, and list entry in parent's children.
495 	 * Protected by this->hierarchy_mutex and cgroup_lock()
496 	 */
497 	struct cgroupfs_root *root;
498 	struct list_head sibling;
499 	/* used when use_id == true */
500 	struct idr idr;
501 	spinlock_t id_lock;
502 
503 	/* should be defined only by modular subsystems */
504 	struct module *module;
505 };
506 
507 #define SUBSYS(_x) extern struct cgroup_subsys _x ## _subsys;
508 #include <linux/cgroup_subsys.h>
509 #undef SUBSYS
510 
511 static inline struct cgroup_subsys_state *cgroup_subsys_state(
512 	struct cgroup *cgrp, int subsys_id)
513 {
514 	return cgrp->subsys[subsys_id];
515 }
516 
517 /*
518  * function to get the cgroup_subsys_state which allows for extra
519  * rcu_dereference_check() conditions, such as locks used during the
520  * cgroup_subsys::attach() methods.
521  */
522 #define task_subsys_state_check(task, subsys_id, __c)			\
523 	rcu_dereference_check(task->cgroups->subsys[subsys_id],		\
524 			      lockdep_is_held(&task->alloc_lock) ||	\
525 			      cgroup_lock_is_held() || (__c))
526 
527 static inline struct cgroup_subsys_state *
528 task_subsys_state(struct task_struct *task, int subsys_id)
529 {
530 	return task_subsys_state_check(task, subsys_id, false);
531 }
532 
533 static inline struct cgroup* task_cgroup(struct task_struct *task,
534 					       int subsys_id)
535 {
536 	return task_subsys_state(task, subsys_id)->cgroup;
537 }
538 
539 /* A cgroup_iter should be treated as an opaque object */
540 struct cgroup_iter {
541 	struct list_head *cg_link;
542 	struct list_head *task;
543 };
544 
545 /*
546  * To iterate across the tasks in a cgroup:
547  *
548  * 1) call cgroup_iter_start to initialize an iterator
549  *
550  * 2) call cgroup_iter_next() to retrieve member tasks until it
551  *    returns NULL or until you want to end the iteration
552  *
553  * 3) call cgroup_iter_end() to destroy the iterator.
554  *
555  * Or, call cgroup_scan_tasks() to iterate through every task in a
556  * cgroup - cgroup_scan_tasks() holds the css_set_lock when calling
557  * the test_task() callback, but not while calling the process_task()
558  * callback.
559  */
560 void cgroup_iter_start(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_iter *it);
561 struct task_struct *cgroup_iter_next(struct cgroup *cgrp,
562 					struct cgroup_iter *it);
563 void cgroup_iter_end(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_iter *it);
564 int cgroup_scan_tasks(struct cgroup_scanner *scan);
565 int cgroup_attach_task(struct cgroup *, struct task_struct *);
566 int cgroup_attach_task_all(struct task_struct *from, struct task_struct *);
567 
568 /*
569  * CSS ID is ID for cgroup_subsys_state structs under subsys. This only works
570  * if cgroup_subsys.use_id == true. It can be used for looking up and scanning.
571  * CSS ID is assigned at cgroup allocation (create) automatically
572  * and removed when subsys calls free_css_id() function. This is because
573  * the lifetime of cgroup_subsys_state is subsys's matter.
574  *
575  * Looking up and scanning function should be called under rcu_read_lock().
576  * Taking cgroup_mutex()/hierarchy_mutex() is not necessary for following calls.
577  * But the css returned by this routine can be "not populated yet" or "being
578  * destroyed". The caller should check css and cgroup's status.
579  */
580 
581 /*
582  * Typically Called at ->destroy(), or somewhere the subsys frees
583  * cgroup_subsys_state.
584  */
585 void free_css_id(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup_subsys_state *css);
586 
587 /* Find a cgroup_subsys_state which has given ID */
588 
589 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css_lookup(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, int id);
590 
591 /*
592  * Get a cgroup whose id is greater than or equal to id under tree of root.
593  * Returning a cgroup_subsys_state or NULL.
594  */
595 struct cgroup_subsys_state *css_get_next(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, int id,
596 		struct cgroup_subsys_state *root, int *foundid);
597 
598 /* Returns true if root is ancestor of cg */
599 bool css_is_ancestor(struct cgroup_subsys_state *cg,
600 		     const struct cgroup_subsys_state *root);
601 
602 /* Get id and depth of css */
603 unsigned short css_id(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css);
604 unsigned short css_depth(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css);
605 struct cgroup_subsys_state *cgroup_css_from_dir(struct file *f, int id);
606 
607 #else /* !CONFIG_CGROUPS */
608 
609 static inline int cgroup_init_early(void) { return 0; }
610 static inline int cgroup_init(void) { return 0; }
611 static inline void cgroup_fork(struct task_struct *p) {}
612 static inline void cgroup_fork_callbacks(struct task_struct *p) {}
613 static inline void cgroup_post_fork(struct task_struct *p) {}
614 static inline void cgroup_exit(struct task_struct *p, int callbacks) {}
615 
616 static inline void cgroup_lock(void) {}
617 static inline void cgroup_unlock(void) {}
618 static inline int cgroupstats_build(struct cgroupstats *stats,
619 					struct dentry *dentry)
620 {
621 	return -EINVAL;
622 }
623 
624 /* No cgroups - nothing to do */
625 static inline int cgroup_attach_task_all(struct task_struct *from,
626 					 struct task_struct *t)
627 {
628 	return 0;
629 }
630 
631 #endif /* !CONFIG_CGROUPS */
632 
633 #endif /* _LINUX_CGROUP_H */
634