xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/buffer_head.h (revision 02bc11de)
1 /*
2  * include/linux/buffer_head.h
3  *
4  * Everything to do with buffer_heads.
5  */
6 
7 #ifndef _LINUX_BUFFER_HEAD_H
8 #define _LINUX_BUFFER_HEAD_H
9 
10 #include <linux/types.h>
11 #include <linux/fs.h>
12 #include <linux/linkage.h>
13 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
14 #include <linux/wait.h>
15 #include <linux/atomic.h>
16 
17 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
18 
19 enum bh_state_bits {
20 	BH_Uptodate,	/* Contains valid data */
21 	BH_Dirty,	/* Is dirty */
22 	BH_Lock,	/* Is locked */
23 	BH_Req,		/* Has been submitted for I/O */
24 	BH_Uptodate_Lock,/* Used by the first bh in a page, to serialise
25 			  * IO completion of other buffers in the page
26 			  */
27 
28 	BH_Mapped,	/* Has a disk mapping */
29 	BH_New,		/* Disk mapping was newly created by get_block */
30 	BH_Async_Read,	/* Is under end_buffer_async_read I/O */
31 	BH_Async_Write,	/* Is under end_buffer_async_write I/O */
32 	BH_Delay,	/* Buffer is not yet allocated on disk */
33 	BH_Boundary,	/* Block is followed by a discontiguity */
34 	BH_Write_EIO,	/* I/O error on write */
35 	BH_Unwritten,	/* Buffer is allocated on disk but not written */
36 	BH_Quiet,	/* Buffer Error Prinks to be quiet */
37 	BH_Meta,	/* Buffer contains metadata */
38 	BH_Prio,	/* Buffer should be submitted with REQ_PRIO */
39 	BH_Defer_Completion, /* Defer AIO completion to workqueue */
40 
41 	BH_PrivateStart,/* not a state bit, but the first bit available
42 			 * for private allocation by other entities
43 			 */
44 };
45 
46 #define MAX_BUF_PER_PAGE (PAGE_SIZE / 512)
47 
48 struct page;
49 struct buffer_head;
50 struct address_space;
51 typedef void (bh_end_io_t)(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate);
52 
53 /*
54  * Historically, a buffer_head was used to map a single block
55  * within a page, and of course as the unit of I/O through the
56  * filesystem and block layers.  Nowadays the basic I/O unit
57  * is the bio, and buffer_heads are used for extracting block
58  * mappings (via a get_block_t call), for tracking state within
59  * a page (via a page_mapping) and for wrapping bio submission
60  * for backward compatibility reasons (e.g. submit_bh).
61  */
62 struct buffer_head {
63 	unsigned long b_state;		/* buffer state bitmap (see above) */
64 	struct buffer_head *b_this_page;/* circular list of page's buffers */
65 	struct page *b_page;		/* the page this bh is mapped to */
66 
67 	sector_t b_blocknr;		/* start block number */
68 	size_t b_size;			/* size of mapping */
69 	char *b_data;			/* pointer to data within the page */
70 
71 	struct block_device *b_bdev;
72 	bh_end_io_t *b_end_io;		/* I/O completion */
73  	void *b_private;		/* reserved for b_end_io */
74 	struct list_head b_assoc_buffers; /* associated with another mapping */
75 	struct address_space *b_assoc_map;	/* mapping this buffer is
76 						   associated with */
77 	atomic_t b_count;		/* users using this buffer_head */
78 };
79 
80 /*
81  * macro tricks to expand the set_buffer_foo(), clear_buffer_foo()
82  * and buffer_foo() functions.
83  */
84 #define BUFFER_FNS(bit, name)						\
85 static __always_inline void set_buffer_##name(struct buffer_head *bh)	\
86 {									\
87 	set_bit(BH_##bit, &(bh)->b_state);				\
88 }									\
89 static __always_inline void clear_buffer_##name(struct buffer_head *bh)	\
90 {									\
91 	clear_bit(BH_##bit, &(bh)->b_state);				\
92 }									\
93 static __always_inline int buffer_##name(const struct buffer_head *bh)	\
94 {									\
95 	return test_bit(BH_##bit, &(bh)->b_state);			\
96 }
97 
98 /*
99  * test_set_buffer_foo() and test_clear_buffer_foo()
100  */
101 #define TAS_BUFFER_FNS(bit, name)					\
102 static __always_inline int test_set_buffer_##name(struct buffer_head *bh) \
103 {									\
104 	return test_and_set_bit(BH_##bit, &(bh)->b_state);		\
105 }									\
106 static __always_inline int test_clear_buffer_##name(struct buffer_head *bh) \
107 {									\
108 	return test_and_clear_bit(BH_##bit, &(bh)->b_state);		\
109 }									\
110 
111 /*
112  * Emit the buffer bitops functions.   Note that there are also functions
113  * of the form "mark_buffer_foo()".  These are higher-level functions which
114  * do something in addition to setting a b_state bit.
115  */
116 BUFFER_FNS(Uptodate, uptodate)
117 BUFFER_FNS(Dirty, dirty)
118 TAS_BUFFER_FNS(Dirty, dirty)
119 BUFFER_FNS(Lock, locked)
120 BUFFER_FNS(Req, req)
121 TAS_BUFFER_FNS(Req, req)
122 BUFFER_FNS(Mapped, mapped)
123 BUFFER_FNS(New, new)
124 BUFFER_FNS(Async_Read, async_read)
125 BUFFER_FNS(Async_Write, async_write)
126 BUFFER_FNS(Delay, delay)
127 BUFFER_FNS(Boundary, boundary)
128 BUFFER_FNS(Write_EIO, write_io_error)
129 BUFFER_FNS(Unwritten, unwritten)
130 BUFFER_FNS(Meta, meta)
131 BUFFER_FNS(Prio, prio)
132 BUFFER_FNS(Defer_Completion, defer_completion)
133 
134 #define bh_offset(bh)		((unsigned long)(bh)->b_data & ~PAGE_MASK)
135 
136 /* If we *know* page->private refers to buffer_heads */
137 #define page_buffers(page)					\
138 	({							\
139 		BUG_ON(!PagePrivate(page));			\
140 		((struct buffer_head *)page_private(page));	\
141 	})
142 #define page_has_buffers(page)	PagePrivate(page)
143 
144 void buffer_check_dirty_writeback(struct page *page,
145 				     bool *dirty, bool *writeback);
146 
147 /*
148  * Declarations
149  */
150 
151 void mark_buffer_dirty(struct buffer_head *bh);
152 void init_buffer(struct buffer_head *, bh_end_io_t *, void *);
153 void touch_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh);
154 void set_bh_page(struct buffer_head *bh,
155 		struct page *page, unsigned long offset);
156 int try_to_free_buffers(struct page *);
157 struct buffer_head *alloc_page_buffers(struct page *page, unsigned long size,
158 		int retry);
159 void create_empty_buffers(struct page *, unsigned long,
160 			unsigned long b_state);
161 void end_buffer_read_sync(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate);
162 void end_buffer_write_sync(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate);
163 void end_buffer_async_write(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate);
164 
165 /* Things to do with buffers at mapping->private_list */
166 void mark_buffer_dirty_inode(struct buffer_head *bh, struct inode *inode);
167 int inode_has_buffers(struct inode *);
168 void invalidate_inode_buffers(struct inode *);
169 int remove_inode_buffers(struct inode *inode);
170 int sync_mapping_buffers(struct address_space *mapping);
171 void unmap_underlying_metadata(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t block);
172 
173 void mark_buffer_async_write(struct buffer_head *bh);
174 void __wait_on_buffer(struct buffer_head *);
175 wait_queue_head_t *bh_waitq_head(struct buffer_head *bh);
176 struct buffer_head *__find_get_block(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t block,
177 			unsigned size);
178 struct buffer_head *__getblk_gfp(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t block,
179 				  unsigned size, gfp_t gfp);
180 void __brelse(struct buffer_head *);
181 void __bforget(struct buffer_head *);
182 void __breadahead(struct block_device *, sector_t block, unsigned int size);
183 struct buffer_head *__bread_gfp(struct block_device *,
184 				sector_t block, unsigned size, gfp_t gfp);
185 void invalidate_bh_lrus(void);
186 struct buffer_head *alloc_buffer_head(gfp_t gfp_flags);
187 void free_buffer_head(struct buffer_head * bh);
188 void unlock_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh);
189 void __lock_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh);
190 void ll_rw_block(int, int, int, struct buffer_head * bh[]);
191 int sync_dirty_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh);
192 int __sync_dirty_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh, int op_flags);
193 void write_dirty_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh, int op_flags);
194 int _submit_bh(int op, int op_flags, struct buffer_head *bh,
195 	       unsigned long bio_flags);
196 int submit_bh(int, int, struct buffer_head *);
197 void write_boundary_block(struct block_device *bdev,
198 			sector_t bblock, unsigned blocksize);
199 int bh_uptodate_or_lock(struct buffer_head *bh);
200 int bh_submit_read(struct buffer_head *bh);
201 
202 extern int buffer_heads_over_limit;
203 
204 /*
205  * Generic address_space_operations implementations for buffer_head-backed
206  * address_spaces.
207  */
208 void block_invalidatepage(struct page *page, unsigned int offset,
209 			  unsigned int length);
210 int block_write_full_page(struct page *page, get_block_t *get_block,
211 				struct writeback_control *wbc);
212 int __block_write_full_page(struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
213 			get_block_t *get_block, struct writeback_control *wbc,
214 			bh_end_io_t *handler);
215 int block_read_full_page(struct page*, get_block_t*);
216 int block_is_partially_uptodate(struct page *page, unsigned long from,
217 				unsigned long count);
218 int block_write_begin(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t pos, unsigned len,
219 		unsigned flags, struct page **pagep, get_block_t *get_block);
220 int __block_write_begin(struct page *page, loff_t pos, unsigned len,
221 		get_block_t *get_block);
222 int block_write_end(struct file *, struct address_space *,
223 				loff_t, unsigned, unsigned,
224 				struct page *, void *);
225 int generic_write_end(struct file *, struct address_space *,
226 				loff_t, unsigned, unsigned,
227 				struct page *, void *);
228 void page_zero_new_buffers(struct page *page, unsigned from, unsigned to);
229 int cont_write_begin(struct file *, struct address_space *, loff_t,
230 			unsigned, unsigned, struct page **, void **,
231 			get_block_t *, loff_t *);
232 int generic_cont_expand_simple(struct inode *inode, loff_t size);
233 int block_commit_write(struct page *page, unsigned from, unsigned to);
234 int block_page_mkwrite(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_fault *vmf,
235 				get_block_t get_block);
236 /* Convert errno to return value from ->page_mkwrite() call */
237 static inline int block_page_mkwrite_return(int err)
238 {
239 	if (err == 0)
240 		return VM_FAULT_LOCKED;
241 	if (err == -EFAULT)
242 		return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
243 	if (err == -ENOMEM)
244 		return VM_FAULT_OOM;
245 	if (err == -EAGAIN)
246 		return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
247 	/* -ENOSPC, -EDQUOT, -EIO ... */
248 	return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
249 }
250 sector_t generic_block_bmap(struct address_space *, sector_t, get_block_t *);
251 int block_truncate_page(struct address_space *, loff_t, get_block_t *);
252 int nobh_write_begin(struct address_space *, loff_t, unsigned, unsigned,
253 				struct page **, void **, get_block_t*);
254 int nobh_write_end(struct file *, struct address_space *,
255 				loff_t, unsigned, unsigned,
256 				struct page *, void *);
257 int nobh_truncate_page(struct address_space *, loff_t, get_block_t *);
258 int nobh_writepage(struct page *page, get_block_t *get_block,
259                         struct writeback_control *wbc);
260 
261 void buffer_init(void);
262 
263 /*
264  * inline definitions
265  */
266 
267 static inline void attach_page_buffers(struct page *page,
268 		struct buffer_head *head)
269 {
270 	get_page(page);
271 	SetPagePrivate(page);
272 	set_page_private(page, (unsigned long)head);
273 }
274 
275 static inline void get_bh(struct buffer_head *bh)
276 {
277         atomic_inc(&bh->b_count);
278 }
279 
280 static inline void put_bh(struct buffer_head *bh)
281 {
282         smp_mb__before_atomic();
283         atomic_dec(&bh->b_count);
284 }
285 
286 static inline void brelse(struct buffer_head *bh)
287 {
288 	if (bh)
289 		__brelse(bh);
290 }
291 
292 static inline void bforget(struct buffer_head *bh)
293 {
294 	if (bh)
295 		__bforget(bh);
296 }
297 
298 static inline struct buffer_head *
299 sb_bread(struct super_block *sb, sector_t block)
300 {
301 	return __bread_gfp(sb->s_bdev, block, sb->s_blocksize, __GFP_MOVABLE);
302 }
303 
304 static inline struct buffer_head *
305 sb_bread_unmovable(struct super_block *sb, sector_t block)
306 {
307 	return __bread_gfp(sb->s_bdev, block, sb->s_blocksize, 0);
308 }
309 
310 static inline void
311 sb_breadahead(struct super_block *sb, sector_t block)
312 {
313 	__breadahead(sb->s_bdev, block, sb->s_blocksize);
314 }
315 
316 static inline struct buffer_head *
317 sb_getblk(struct super_block *sb, sector_t block)
318 {
319 	return __getblk_gfp(sb->s_bdev, block, sb->s_blocksize, __GFP_MOVABLE);
320 }
321 
322 
323 static inline struct buffer_head *
324 sb_getblk_gfp(struct super_block *sb, sector_t block, gfp_t gfp)
325 {
326 	return __getblk_gfp(sb->s_bdev, block, sb->s_blocksize, gfp);
327 }
328 
329 static inline struct buffer_head *
330 sb_find_get_block(struct super_block *sb, sector_t block)
331 {
332 	return __find_get_block(sb->s_bdev, block, sb->s_blocksize);
333 }
334 
335 static inline void
336 map_bh(struct buffer_head *bh, struct super_block *sb, sector_t block)
337 {
338 	set_buffer_mapped(bh);
339 	bh->b_bdev = sb->s_bdev;
340 	bh->b_blocknr = block;
341 	bh->b_size = sb->s_blocksize;
342 }
343 
344 static inline void wait_on_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh)
345 {
346 	might_sleep();
347 	if (buffer_locked(bh))
348 		__wait_on_buffer(bh);
349 }
350 
351 static inline int trylock_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh)
352 {
353 	return likely(!test_and_set_bit_lock(BH_Lock, &bh->b_state));
354 }
355 
356 static inline void lock_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh)
357 {
358 	might_sleep();
359 	if (!trylock_buffer(bh))
360 		__lock_buffer(bh);
361 }
362 
363 static inline struct buffer_head *getblk_unmovable(struct block_device *bdev,
364 						   sector_t block,
365 						   unsigned size)
366 {
367 	return __getblk_gfp(bdev, block, size, 0);
368 }
369 
370 static inline struct buffer_head *__getblk(struct block_device *bdev,
371 					   sector_t block,
372 					   unsigned size)
373 {
374 	return __getblk_gfp(bdev, block, size, __GFP_MOVABLE);
375 }
376 
377 /**
378  *  __bread() - reads a specified block and returns the bh
379  *  @bdev: the block_device to read from
380  *  @block: number of block
381  *  @size: size (in bytes) to read
382  *
383  *  Reads a specified block, and returns buffer head that contains it.
384  *  The page cache is allocated from movable area so that it can be migrated.
385  *  It returns NULL if the block was unreadable.
386  */
387 static inline struct buffer_head *
388 __bread(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t block, unsigned size)
389 {
390 	return __bread_gfp(bdev, block, size, __GFP_MOVABLE);
391 }
392 
393 extern int __set_page_dirty_buffers(struct page *page);
394 
395 #else /* CONFIG_BLOCK */
396 
397 static inline void buffer_init(void) {}
398 static inline int try_to_free_buffers(struct page *page) { return 1; }
399 static inline int inode_has_buffers(struct inode *inode) { return 0; }
400 static inline void invalidate_inode_buffers(struct inode *inode) {}
401 static inline int remove_inode_buffers(struct inode *inode) { return 1; }
402 static inline int sync_mapping_buffers(struct address_space *mapping) { return 0; }
403 
404 #endif /* CONFIG_BLOCK */
405 #endif /* _LINUX_BUFFER_HEAD_H */
406