xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/bpf.h (revision efe4a1ac)
1 /* Copyright (c) 2011-2014 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com
2  *
3  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
4  * modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
5  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation.
6  */
7 #ifndef _LINUX_BPF_H
8 #define _LINUX_BPF_H 1
9 
10 #include <uapi/linux/bpf.h>
11 
12 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
13 #include <linux/file.h>
14 #include <linux/percpu.h>
15 #include <linux/err.h>
16 #include <linux/rbtree_latch.h>
17 
18 struct perf_event;
19 struct bpf_map;
20 
21 /* map is generic key/value storage optionally accesible by eBPF programs */
22 struct bpf_map_ops {
23 	/* funcs callable from userspace (via syscall) */
24 	struct bpf_map *(*map_alloc)(union bpf_attr *attr);
25 	void (*map_release)(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file);
26 	void (*map_free)(struct bpf_map *map);
27 	int (*map_get_next_key)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *next_key);
28 
29 	/* funcs callable from userspace and from eBPF programs */
30 	void *(*map_lookup_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key);
31 	int (*map_update_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value, u64 flags);
32 	int (*map_delete_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key);
33 
34 	/* funcs called by prog_array and perf_event_array map */
35 	void *(*map_fd_get_ptr)(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file,
36 				int fd);
37 	void (*map_fd_put_ptr)(void *ptr);
38 	u32 (*map_gen_lookup)(struct bpf_map *map, struct bpf_insn *insn_buf);
39 };
40 
41 struct bpf_map {
42 	atomic_t refcnt;
43 	enum bpf_map_type map_type;
44 	u32 key_size;
45 	u32 value_size;
46 	u32 max_entries;
47 	u32 map_flags;
48 	u32 pages;
49 	struct user_struct *user;
50 	const struct bpf_map_ops *ops;
51 	struct work_struct work;
52 	atomic_t usercnt;
53 	struct bpf_map *inner_map_meta;
54 };
55 
56 /* function argument constraints */
57 enum bpf_arg_type {
58 	ARG_DONTCARE = 0,	/* unused argument in helper function */
59 
60 	/* the following constraints used to prototype
61 	 * bpf_map_lookup/update/delete_elem() functions
62 	 */
63 	ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,	/* const argument used as pointer to bpf_map */
64 	ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_KEY,	/* pointer to stack used as map key */
65 	ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE,	/* pointer to stack used as map value */
66 
67 	/* the following constraints used to prototype bpf_memcmp() and other
68 	 * functions that access data on eBPF program stack
69 	 */
70 	ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,		/* pointer to valid memory (stack, packet, map value) */
71 	ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM,	/* pointer to memory does not need to be initialized,
72 				 * helper function must fill all bytes or clear
73 				 * them in error case.
74 				 */
75 
76 	ARG_CONST_SIZE,		/* number of bytes accessed from memory */
77 	ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,	/* number of bytes accessed from memory or 0 */
78 
79 	ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,		/* pointer to context */
80 	ARG_ANYTHING,		/* any (initialized) argument is ok */
81 };
82 
83 /* type of values returned from helper functions */
84 enum bpf_return_type {
85 	RET_INTEGER,			/* function returns integer */
86 	RET_VOID,			/* function doesn't return anything */
87 	RET_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_OR_NULL,	/* returns a pointer to map elem value or NULL */
88 };
89 
90 /* eBPF function prototype used by verifier to allow BPF_CALLs from eBPF programs
91  * to in-kernel helper functions and for adjusting imm32 field in BPF_CALL
92  * instructions after verifying
93  */
94 struct bpf_func_proto {
95 	u64 (*func)(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
96 	bool gpl_only;
97 	bool pkt_access;
98 	enum bpf_return_type ret_type;
99 	enum bpf_arg_type arg1_type;
100 	enum bpf_arg_type arg2_type;
101 	enum bpf_arg_type arg3_type;
102 	enum bpf_arg_type arg4_type;
103 	enum bpf_arg_type arg5_type;
104 };
105 
106 /* bpf_context is intentionally undefined structure. Pointer to bpf_context is
107  * the first argument to eBPF programs.
108  * For socket filters: 'struct bpf_context *' == 'struct sk_buff *'
109  */
110 struct bpf_context;
111 
112 enum bpf_access_type {
113 	BPF_READ = 1,
114 	BPF_WRITE = 2
115 };
116 
117 /* types of values stored in eBPF registers */
118 enum bpf_reg_type {
119 	NOT_INIT = 0,		 /* nothing was written into register */
120 	UNKNOWN_VALUE,		 /* reg doesn't contain a valid pointer */
121 	PTR_TO_CTX,		 /* reg points to bpf_context */
122 	CONST_PTR_TO_MAP,	 /* reg points to struct bpf_map */
123 	PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE,	 /* reg points to map element value */
124 	PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_OR_NULL,/* points to map elem value or NULL */
125 	FRAME_PTR,		 /* reg == frame_pointer */
126 	PTR_TO_STACK,		 /* reg == frame_pointer + imm */
127 	CONST_IMM,		 /* constant integer value */
128 
129 	/* PTR_TO_PACKET represents:
130 	 * skb->data
131 	 * skb->data + imm
132 	 * skb->data + (u16) var
133 	 * skb->data + (u16) var + imm
134 	 * if (range > 0) then [ptr, ptr + range - off) is safe to access
135 	 * if (id > 0) means that some 'var' was added
136 	 * if (off > 0) menas that 'imm' was added
137 	 */
138 	PTR_TO_PACKET,
139 	PTR_TO_PACKET_END,	 /* skb->data + headlen */
140 
141 	/* PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_ADJ is used for doing pointer math inside of a map
142 	 * elem value.  We only allow this if we can statically verify that
143 	 * access from this register are going to fall within the size of the
144 	 * map element.
145 	 */
146 	PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_ADJ,
147 };
148 
149 struct bpf_prog;
150 
151 struct bpf_verifier_ops {
152 	/* return eBPF function prototype for verification */
153 	const struct bpf_func_proto *(*get_func_proto)(enum bpf_func_id func_id);
154 
155 	/* return true if 'size' wide access at offset 'off' within bpf_context
156 	 * with 'type' (read or write) is allowed
157 	 */
158 	bool (*is_valid_access)(int off, int size, enum bpf_access_type type,
159 				enum bpf_reg_type *reg_type);
160 	int (*gen_prologue)(struct bpf_insn *insn, bool direct_write,
161 			    const struct bpf_prog *prog);
162 	u32 (*convert_ctx_access)(enum bpf_access_type type,
163 				  const struct bpf_insn *src,
164 				  struct bpf_insn *dst,
165 				  struct bpf_prog *prog);
166 	int (*test_run)(struct bpf_prog *prog, const union bpf_attr *kattr,
167 			union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
168 };
169 
170 struct bpf_prog_aux {
171 	atomic_t refcnt;
172 	u32 used_map_cnt;
173 	u32 max_ctx_offset;
174 	struct latch_tree_node ksym_tnode;
175 	struct list_head ksym_lnode;
176 	const struct bpf_verifier_ops *ops;
177 	struct bpf_map **used_maps;
178 	struct bpf_prog *prog;
179 	struct user_struct *user;
180 	union {
181 		struct work_struct work;
182 		struct rcu_head	rcu;
183 	};
184 };
185 
186 struct bpf_array {
187 	struct bpf_map map;
188 	u32 elem_size;
189 	/* 'ownership' of prog_array is claimed by the first program that
190 	 * is going to use this map or by the first program which FD is stored
191 	 * in the map to make sure that all callers and callees have the same
192 	 * prog_type and JITed flag
193 	 */
194 	enum bpf_prog_type owner_prog_type;
195 	bool owner_jited;
196 	union {
197 		char value[0] __aligned(8);
198 		void *ptrs[0] __aligned(8);
199 		void __percpu *pptrs[0] __aligned(8);
200 	};
201 };
202 
203 #define MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT 32
204 
205 struct bpf_event_entry {
206 	struct perf_event *event;
207 	struct file *perf_file;
208 	struct file *map_file;
209 	struct rcu_head rcu;
210 };
211 
212 u64 bpf_tail_call(u64 ctx, u64 r2, u64 index, u64 r4, u64 r5);
213 u64 bpf_get_stackid(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
214 
215 bool bpf_prog_array_compatible(struct bpf_array *array, const struct bpf_prog *fp);
216 int bpf_prog_calc_tag(struct bpf_prog *fp);
217 
218 const struct bpf_func_proto *bpf_get_trace_printk_proto(void);
219 
220 typedef unsigned long (*bpf_ctx_copy_t)(void *dst, const void *src,
221 					unsigned long off, unsigned long len);
222 
223 u64 bpf_event_output(struct bpf_map *map, u64 flags, void *meta, u64 meta_size,
224 		     void *ctx, u64 ctx_size, bpf_ctx_copy_t ctx_copy);
225 
226 int bpf_prog_test_run_xdp(struct bpf_prog *prog, const union bpf_attr *kattr,
227 			  union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
228 int bpf_prog_test_run_skb(struct bpf_prog *prog, const union bpf_attr *kattr,
229 			  union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
230 
231 #ifdef CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL
232 DECLARE_PER_CPU(int, bpf_prog_active);
233 
234 #define BPF_PROG_TYPE(_id, _ops) \
235 	extern const struct bpf_verifier_ops _ops;
236 #define BPF_MAP_TYPE(_id, _ops) \
237 	extern const struct bpf_map_ops _ops;
238 #include <linux/bpf_types.h>
239 #undef BPF_PROG_TYPE
240 #undef BPF_MAP_TYPE
241 
242 struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get(u32 ufd);
243 struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get_type(u32 ufd, enum bpf_prog_type type);
244 struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_add(struct bpf_prog *prog, int i);
245 void bpf_prog_sub(struct bpf_prog *prog, int i);
246 struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_inc(struct bpf_prog *prog);
247 void bpf_prog_put(struct bpf_prog *prog);
248 int __bpf_prog_charge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages);
249 void __bpf_prog_uncharge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages);
250 
251 struct bpf_map *bpf_map_get_with_uref(u32 ufd);
252 struct bpf_map *__bpf_map_get(struct fd f);
253 struct bpf_map * __must_check bpf_map_inc(struct bpf_map *map, bool uref);
254 void bpf_map_put_with_uref(struct bpf_map *map);
255 void bpf_map_put(struct bpf_map *map);
256 int bpf_map_precharge_memlock(u32 pages);
257 void *bpf_map_area_alloc(size_t size);
258 void bpf_map_area_free(void *base);
259 
260 extern int sysctl_unprivileged_bpf_disabled;
261 
262 int bpf_map_new_fd(struct bpf_map *map);
263 int bpf_prog_new_fd(struct bpf_prog *prog);
264 
265 int bpf_obj_pin_user(u32 ufd, const char __user *pathname);
266 int bpf_obj_get_user(const char __user *pathname);
267 
268 int bpf_percpu_hash_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value);
269 int bpf_percpu_array_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value);
270 int bpf_percpu_hash_update(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value,
271 			   u64 flags);
272 int bpf_percpu_array_update(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value,
273 			    u64 flags);
274 
275 int bpf_stackmap_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value);
276 
277 int bpf_fd_array_map_update_elem(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file,
278 				 void *key, void *value, u64 map_flags);
279 void bpf_fd_array_map_clear(struct bpf_map *map);
280 int bpf_fd_htab_map_update_elem(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file,
281 				void *key, void *value, u64 map_flags);
282 
283 /* memcpy that is used with 8-byte aligned pointers, power-of-8 size and
284  * forced to use 'long' read/writes to try to atomically copy long counters.
285  * Best-effort only.  No barriers here, since it _will_ race with concurrent
286  * updates from BPF programs. Called from bpf syscall and mostly used with
287  * size 8 or 16 bytes, so ask compiler to inline it.
288  */
289 static inline void bpf_long_memcpy(void *dst, const void *src, u32 size)
290 {
291 	const long *lsrc = src;
292 	long *ldst = dst;
293 
294 	size /= sizeof(long);
295 	while (size--)
296 		*ldst++ = *lsrc++;
297 }
298 
299 /* verify correctness of eBPF program */
300 int bpf_check(struct bpf_prog **fp, union bpf_attr *attr);
301 #else
302 static inline struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get(u32 ufd)
303 {
304 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
305 }
306 
307 static inline struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get_type(u32 ufd,
308 						 enum bpf_prog_type type)
309 {
310 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
311 }
312 static inline struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_add(struct bpf_prog *prog,
313 							  int i)
314 {
315 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
316 }
317 
318 static inline void bpf_prog_sub(struct bpf_prog *prog, int i)
319 {
320 }
321 
322 static inline void bpf_prog_put(struct bpf_prog *prog)
323 {
324 }
325 
326 static inline struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_inc(struct bpf_prog *prog)
327 {
328 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
329 }
330 
331 static inline int __bpf_prog_charge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages)
332 {
333 	return 0;
334 }
335 
336 static inline void __bpf_prog_uncharge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages)
337 {
338 }
339 #endif /* CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL */
340 
341 /* verifier prototypes for helper functions called from eBPF programs */
342 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_map_lookup_elem_proto;
343 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_map_update_elem_proto;
344 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_map_delete_elem_proto;
345 
346 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_prandom_u32_proto;
347 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_smp_processor_id_proto;
348 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_numa_node_id_proto;
349 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_tail_call_proto;
350 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_ktime_get_ns_proto;
351 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_pid_tgid_proto;
352 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_uid_gid_proto;
353 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_comm_proto;
354 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_vlan_push_proto;
355 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_vlan_pop_proto;
356 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stackid_proto;
357 
358 /* Shared helpers among cBPF and eBPF. */
359 void bpf_user_rnd_init_once(void);
360 u64 bpf_user_rnd_u32(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
361 
362 #endif /* _LINUX_BPF_H */
363