xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/bpf.h (revision bbb03029)
1 /* Copyright (c) 2011-2014 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com
2  *
3  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
4  * modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
5  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation.
6  */
7 #ifndef _LINUX_BPF_H
8 #define _LINUX_BPF_H 1
9 
10 #include <uapi/linux/bpf.h>
11 
12 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
13 #include <linux/file.h>
14 #include <linux/percpu.h>
15 #include <linux/err.h>
16 #include <linux/rbtree_latch.h>
17 
18 struct perf_event;
19 struct bpf_map;
20 
21 /* map is generic key/value storage optionally accesible by eBPF programs */
22 struct bpf_map_ops {
23 	/* funcs callable from userspace (via syscall) */
24 	struct bpf_map *(*map_alloc)(union bpf_attr *attr);
25 	void (*map_release)(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file);
26 	void (*map_free)(struct bpf_map *map);
27 	int (*map_get_next_key)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *next_key);
28 
29 	/* funcs callable from userspace and from eBPF programs */
30 	void *(*map_lookup_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key);
31 	int (*map_update_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value, u64 flags);
32 	int (*map_delete_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key);
33 
34 	/* funcs called by prog_array and perf_event_array map */
35 	void *(*map_fd_get_ptr)(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file,
36 				int fd);
37 	void (*map_fd_put_ptr)(void *ptr);
38 	u32 (*map_gen_lookup)(struct bpf_map *map, struct bpf_insn *insn_buf);
39 	u32 (*map_fd_sys_lookup_elem)(void *ptr);
40 };
41 
42 struct bpf_map {
43 	atomic_t refcnt;
44 	enum bpf_map_type map_type;
45 	u32 key_size;
46 	u32 value_size;
47 	u32 max_entries;
48 	u32 map_flags;
49 	u32 pages;
50 	u32 id;
51 	struct user_struct *user;
52 	const struct bpf_map_ops *ops;
53 	struct work_struct work;
54 	atomic_t usercnt;
55 	struct bpf_map *inner_map_meta;
56 };
57 
58 /* function argument constraints */
59 enum bpf_arg_type {
60 	ARG_DONTCARE = 0,	/* unused argument in helper function */
61 
62 	/* the following constraints used to prototype
63 	 * bpf_map_lookup/update/delete_elem() functions
64 	 */
65 	ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,	/* const argument used as pointer to bpf_map */
66 	ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_KEY,	/* pointer to stack used as map key */
67 	ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE,	/* pointer to stack used as map value */
68 
69 	/* the following constraints used to prototype bpf_memcmp() and other
70 	 * functions that access data on eBPF program stack
71 	 */
72 	ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,		/* pointer to valid memory (stack, packet, map value) */
73 	ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM,	/* pointer to memory does not need to be initialized,
74 				 * helper function must fill all bytes or clear
75 				 * them in error case.
76 				 */
77 
78 	ARG_CONST_SIZE,		/* number of bytes accessed from memory */
79 	ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,	/* number of bytes accessed from memory or 0 */
80 
81 	ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,		/* pointer to context */
82 	ARG_ANYTHING,		/* any (initialized) argument is ok */
83 };
84 
85 /* type of values returned from helper functions */
86 enum bpf_return_type {
87 	RET_INTEGER,			/* function returns integer */
88 	RET_VOID,			/* function doesn't return anything */
89 	RET_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_OR_NULL,	/* returns a pointer to map elem value or NULL */
90 };
91 
92 /* eBPF function prototype used by verifier to allow BPF_CALLs from eBPF programs
93  * to in-kernel helper functions and for adjusting imm32 field in BPF_CALL
94  * instructions after verifying
95  */
96 struct bpf_func_proto {
97 	u64 (*func)(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
98 	bool gpl_only;
99 	bool pkt_access;
100 	enum bpf_return_type ret_type;
101 	enum bpf_arg_type arg1_type;
102 	enum bpf_arg_type arg2_type;
103 	enum bpf_arg_type arg3_type;
104 	enum bpf_arg_type arg4_type;
105 	enum bpf_arg_type arg5_type;
106 };
107 
108 /* bpf_context is intentionally undefined structure. Pointer to bpf_context is
109  * the first argument to eBPF programs.
110  * For socket filters: 'struct bpf_context *' == 'struct sk_buff *'
111  */
112 struct bpf_context;
113 
114 enum bpf_access_type {
115 	BPF_READ = 1,
116 	BPF_WRITE = 2
117 };
118 
119 /* types of values stored in eBPF registers */
120 enum bpf_reg_type {
121 	NOT_INIT = 0,		 /* nothing was written into register */
122 	UNKNOWN_VALUE,		 /* reg doesn't contain a valid pointer */
123 	PTR_TO_CTX,		 /* reg points to bpf_context */
124 	CONST_PTR_TO_MAP,	 /* reg points to struct bpf_map */
125 	PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE,	 /* reg points to map element value */
126 	PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_OR_NULL,/* points to map elem value or NULL */
127 	FRAME_PTR,		 /* reg == frame_pointer */
128 	PTR_TO_STACK,		 /* reg == frame_pointer + imm */
129 	CONST_IMM,		 /* constant integer value */
130 
131 	/* PTR_TO_PACKET represents:
132 	 * skb->data
133 	 * skb->data + imm
134 	 * skb->data + (u16) var
135 	 * skb->data + (u16) var + imm
136 	 * if (range > 0) then [ptr, ptr + range - off) is safe to access
137 	 * if (id > 0) means that some 'var' was added
138 	 * if (off > 0) menas that 'imm' was added
139 	 */
140 	PTR_TO_PACKET,
141 	PTR_TO_PACKET_END,	 /* skb->data + headlen */
142 
143 	/* PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_ADJ is used for doing pointer math inside of a map
144 	 * elem value.  We only allow this if we can statically verify that
145 	 * access from this register are going to fall within the size of the
146 	 * map element.
147 	 */
148 	PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_ADJ,
149 };
150 
151 struct bpf_prog;
152 
153 /* The information passed from prog-specific *_is_valid_access
154  * back to the verifier.
155  */
156 struct bpf_insn_access_aux {
157 	enum bpf_reg_type reg_type;
158 	int ctx_field_size;
159 };
160 
161 static inline void
162 bpf_ctx_record_field_size(struct bpf_insn_access_aux *aux, u32 size)
163 {
164 	aux->ctx_field_size = size;
165 }
166 
167 struct bpf_verifier_ops {
168 	/* return eBPF function prototype for verification */
169 	const struct bpf_func_proto *(*get_func_proto)(enum bpf_func_id func_id);
170 
171 	/* return true if 'size' wide access at offset 'off' within bpf_context
172 	 * with 'type' (read or write) is allowed
173 	 */
174 	bool (*is_valid_access)(int off, int size, enum bpf_access_type type,
175 				struct bpf_insn_access_aux *info);
176 	int (*gen_prologue)(struct bpf_insn *insn, bool direct_write,
177 			    const struct bpf_prog *prog);
178 	u32 (*convert_ctx_access)(enum bpf_access_type type,
179 				  const struct bpf_insn *src,
180 				  struct bpf_insn *dst,
181 				  struct bpf_prog *prog, u32 *target_size);
182 	int (*test_run)(struct bpf_prog *prog, const union bpf_attr *kattr,
183 			union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
184 };
185 
186 struct bpf_prog_aux {
187 	atomic_t refcnt;
188 	u32 used_map_cnt;
189 	u32 max_ctx_offset;
190 	u32 stack_depth;
191 	u32 id;
192 	struct latch_tree_node ksym_tnode;
193 	struct list_head ksym_lnode;
194 	const struct bpf_verifier_ops *ops;
195 	struct bpf_map **used_maps;
196 	struct bpf_prog *prog;
197 	struct user_struct *user;
198 	union {
199 		struct work_struct work;
200 		struct rcu_head	rcu;
201 	};
202 };
203 
204 struct bpf_array {
205 	struct bpf_map map;
206 	u32 elem_size;
207 	/* 'ownership' of prog_array is claimed by the first program that
208 	 * is going to use this map or by the first program which FD is stored
209 	 * in the map to make sure that all callers and callees have the same
210 	 * prog_type and JITed flag
211 	 */
212 	enum bpf_prog_type owner_prog_type;
213 	bool owner_jited;
214 	union {
215 		char value[0] __aligned(8);
216 		void *ptrs[0] __aligned(8);
217 		void __percpu *pptrs[0] __aligned(8);
218 	};
219 };
220 
221 #define MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT 32
222 
223 struct bpf_event_entry {
224 	struct perf_event *event;
225 	struct file *perf_file;
226 	struct file *map_file;
227 	struct rcu_head rcu;
228 };
229 
230 u64 bpf_tail_call(u64 ctx, u64 r2, u64 index, u64 r4, u64 r5);
231 u64 bpf_get_stackid(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
232 
233 bool bpf_prog_array_compatible(struct bpf_array *array, const struct bpf_prog *fp);
234 int bpf_prog_calc_tag(struct bpf_prog *fp);
235 
236 const struct bpf_func_proto *bpf_get_trace_printk_proto(void);
237 
238 typedef unsigned long (*bpf_ctx_copy_t)(void *dst, const void *src,
239 					unsigned long off, unsigned long len);
240 
241 u64 bpf_event_output(struct bpf_map *map, u64 flags, void *meta, u64 meta_size,
242 		     void *ctx, u64 ctx_size, bpf_ctx_copy_t ctx_copy);
243 
244 int bpf_prog_test_run_xdp(struct bpf_prog *prog, const union bpf_attr *kattr,
245 			  union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
246 int bpf_prog_test_run_skb(struct bpf_prog *prog, const union bpf_attr *kattr,
247 			  union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
248 
249 #ifdef CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL
250 DECLARE_PER_CPU(int, bpf_prog_active);
251 
252 #define BPF_PROG_TYPE(_id, _ops) \
253 	extern const struct bpf_verifier_ops _ops;
254 #define BPF_MAP_TYPE(_id, _ops) \
255 	extern const struct bpf_map_ops _ops;
256 #include <linux/bpf_types.h>
257 #undef BPF_PROG_TYPE
258 #undef BPF_MAP_TYPE
259 
260 struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get(u32 ufd);
261 struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get_type(u32 ufd, enum bpf_prog_type type);
262 struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_add(struct bpf_prog *prog, int i);
263 void bpf_prog_sub(struct bpf_prog *prog, int i);
264 struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_inc(struct bpf_prog *prog);
265 void bpf_prog_put(struct bpf_prog *prog);
266 int __bpf_prog_charge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages);
267 void __bpf_prog_uncharge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages);
268 
269 struct bpf_map *bpf_map_get_with_uref(u32 ufd);
270 struct bpf_map *__bpf_map_get(struct fd f);
271 struct bpf_map * __must_check bpf_map_inc(struct bpf_map *map, bool uref);
272 void bpf_map_put_with_uref(struct bpf_map *map);
273 void bpf_map_put(struct bpf_map *map);
274 int bpf_map_precharge_memlock(u32 pages);
275 void *bpf_map_area_alloc(size_t size);
276 void bpf_map_area_free(void *base);
277 
278 extern int sysctl_unprivileged_bpf_disabled;
279 
280 int bpf_map_new_fd(struct bpf_map *map);
281 int bpf_prog_new_fd(struct bpf_prog *prog);
282 
283 int bpf_obj_pin_user(u32 ufd, const char __user *pathname);
284 int bpf_obj_get_user(const char __user *pathname);
285 
286 int bpf_percpu_hash_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value);
287 int bpf_percpu_array_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value);
288 int bpf_percpu_hash_update(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value,
289 			   u64 flags);
290 int bpf_percpu_array_update(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value,
291 			    u64 flags);
292 
293 int bpf_stackmap_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value);
294 
295 int bpf_fd_array_map_update_elem(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file,
296 				 void *key, void *value, u64 map_flags);
297 int bpf_fd_array_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, u32 *value);
298 void bpf_fd_array_map_clear(struct bpf_map *map);
299 int bpf_fd_htab_map_update_elem(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file,
300 				void *key, void *value, u64 map_flags);
301 int bpf_fd_htab_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, u32 *value);
302 
303 /* memcpy that is used with 8-byte aligned pointers, power-of-8 size and
304  * forced to use 'long' read/writes to try to atomically copy long counters.
305  * Best-effort only.  No barriers here, since it _will_ race with concurrent
306  * updates from BPF programs. Called from bpf syscall and mostly used with
307  * size 8 or 16 bytes, so ask compiler to inline it.
308  */
309 static inline void bpf_long_memcpy(void *dst, const void *src, u32 size)
310 {
311 	const long *lsrc = src;
312 	long *ldst = dst;
313 
314 	size /= sizeof(long);
315 	while (size--)
316 		*ldst++ = *lsrc++;
317 }
318 
319 /* verify correctness of eBPF program */
320 int bpf_check(struct bpf_prog **fp, union bpf_attr *attr);
321 
322 /* Map specifics */
323 struct net_device  *__dev_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, u32 key);
324 void __dev_map_insert_ctx(struct bpf_map *map, u32 index);
325 void __dev_map_flush(struct bpf_map *map);
326 
327 #else
328 static inline struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get(u32 ufd)
329 {
330 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
331 }
332 
333 static inline struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get_type(u32 ufd,
334 						 enum bpf_prog_type type)
335 {
336 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
337 }
338 static inline struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_add(struct bpf_prog *prog,
339 							  int i)
340 {
341 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
342 }
343 
344 static inline void bpf_prog_sub(struct bpf_prog *prog, int i)
345 {
346 }
347 
348 static inline void bpf_prog_put(struct bpf_prog *prog)
349 {
350 }
351 
352 static inline struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_inc(struct bpf_prog *prog)
353 {
354 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
355 }
356 
357 static inline int __bpf_prog_charge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages)
358 {
359 	return 0;
360 }
361 
362 static inline void __bpf_prog_uncharge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages)
363 {
364 }
365 
366 static inline struct net_device  *__dev_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map,
367 						       u32 key)
368 {
369 	return NULL;
370 }
371 
372 static inline void __dev_map_insert_ctx(struct bpf_map *map, u32 index)
373 {
374 }
375 
376 static inline void __dev_map_flush(struct bpf_map *map)
377 {
378 }
379 #endif /* CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL */
380 
381 /* verifier prototypes for helper functions called from eBPF programs */
382 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_map_lookup_elem_proto;
383 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_map_update_elem_proto;
384 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_map_delete_elem_proto;
385 
386 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_prandom_u32_proto;
387 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_smp_processor_id_proto;
388 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_numa_node_id_proto;
389 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_tail_call_proto;
390 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_ktime_get_ns_proto;
391 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_pid_tgid_proto;
392 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_uid_gid_proto;
393 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_comm_proto;
394 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_vlan_push_proto;
395 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_vlan_pop_proto;
396 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stackid_proto;
397 
398 /* Shared helpers among cBPF and eBPF. */
399 void bpf_user_rnd_init_once(void);
400 u64 bpf_user_rnd_u32(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
401 
402 #endif /* _LINUX_BPF_H */
403