xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/bpf.h (revision 90a53e44)
1 /* Copyright (c) 2011-2014 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com
2  *
3  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
4  * modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
5  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation.
6  */
7 #ifndef _LINUX_BPF_H
8 #define _LINUX_BPF_H 1
9 
10 #include <uapi/linux/bpf.h>
11 
12 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
13 #include <linux/file.h>
14 #include <linux/percpu.h>
15 #include <linux/err.h>
16 #include <linux/rbtree_latch.h>
17 #include <linux/numa.h>
18 
19 struct perf_event;
20 struct bpf_prog;
21 struct bpf_map;
22 
23 /* map is generic key/value storage optionally accesible by eBPF programs */
24 struct bpf_map_ops {
25 	/* funcs callable from userspace (via syscall) */
26 	struct bpf_map *(*map_alloc)(union bpf_attr *attr);
27 	void (*map_release)(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file);
28 	void (*map_free)(struct bpf_map *map);
29 	int (*map_get_next_key)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *next_key);
30 
31 	/* funcs callable from userspace and from eBPF programs */
32 	void *(*map_lookup_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key);
33 	int (*map_update_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value, u64 flags);
34 	int (*map_delete_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key);
35 
36 	/* funcs called by prog_array and perf_event_array map */
37 	void *(*map_fd_get_ptr)(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file,
38 				int fd);
39 	void (*map_fd_put_ptr)(void *ptr);
40 	u32 (*map_gen_lookup)(struct bpf_map *map, struct bpf_insn *insn_buf);
41 	u32 (*map_fd_sys_lookup_elem)(void *ptr);
42 };
43 
44 struct bpf_map {
45 	atomic_t refcnt;
46 	enum bpf_map_type map_type;
47 	u32 key_size;
48 	u32 value_size;
49 	u32 max_entries;
50 	u32 map_flags;
51 	u32 pages;
52 	u32 id;
53 	int numa_node;
54 	struct user_struct *user;
55 	const struct bpf_map_ops *ops;
56 	struct work_struct work;
57 	atomic_t usercnt;
58 	struct bpf_map *inner_map_meta;
59 	u8 name[BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
60 };
61 
62 /* function argument constraints */
63 enum bpf_arg_type {
64 	ARG_DONTCARE = 0,	/* unused argument in helper function */
65 
66 	/* the following constraints used to prototype
67 	 * bpf_map_lookup/update/delete_elem() functions
68 	 */
69 	ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,	/* const argument used as pointer to bpf_map */
70 	ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_KEY,	/* pointer to stack used as map key */
71 	ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE,	/* pointer to stack used as map value */
72 
73 	/* the following constraints used to prototype bpf_memcmp() and other
74 	 * functions that access data on eBPF program stack
75 	 */
76 	ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,		/* pointer to valid memory (stack, packet, map value) */
77 	ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM,	/* pointer to memory does not need to be initialized,
78 				 * helper function must fill all bytes or clear
79 				 * them in error case.
80 				 */
81 
82 	ARG_CONST_SIZE,		/* number of bytes accessed from memory */
83 	ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,	/* number of bytes accessed from memory or 0 */
84 
85 	ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,		/* pointer to context */
86 	ARG_ANYTHING,		/* any (initialized) argument is ok */
87 };
88 
89 /* type of values returned from helper functions */
90 enum bpf_return_type {
91 	RET_INTEGER,			/* function returns integer */
92 	RET_VOID,			/* function doesn't return anything */
93 	RET_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_OR_NULL,	/* returns a pointer to map elem value or NULL */
94 };
95 
96 /* eBPF function prototype used by verifier to allow BPF_CALLs from eBPF programs
97  * to in-kernel helper functions and for adjusting imm32 field in BPF_CALL
98  * instructions after verifying
99  */
100 struct bpf_func_proto {
101 	u64 (*func)(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
102 	bool gpl_only;
103 	bool pkt_access;
104 	enum bpf_return_type ret_type;
105 	enum bpf_arg_type arg1_type;
106 	enum bpf_arg_type arg2_type;
107 	enum bpf_arg_type arg3_type;
108 	enum bpf_arg_type arg4_type;
109 	enum bpf_arg_type arg5_type;
110 };
111 
112 /* bpf_context is intentionally undefined structure. Pointer to bpf_context is
113  * the first argument to eBPF programs.
114  * For socket filters: 'struct bpf_context *' == 'struct sk_buff *'
115  */
116 struct bpf_context;
117 
118 enum bpf_access_type {
119 	BPF_READ = 1,
120 	BPF_WRITE = 2
121 };
122 
123 /* types of values stored in eBPF registers */
124 /* Pointer types represent:
125  * pointer
126  * pointer + imm
127  * pointer + (u16) var
128  * pointer + (u16) var + imm
129  * if (range > 0) then [ptr, ptr + range - off) is safe to access
130  * if (id > 0) means that some 'var' was added
131  * if (off > 0) means that 'imm' was added
132  */
133 enum bpf_reg_type {
134 	NOT_INIT = 0,		 /* nothing was written into register */
135 	SCALAR_VALUE,		 /* reg doesn't contain a valid pointer */
136 	PTR_TO_CTX,		 /* reg points to bpf_context */
137 	CONST_PTR_TO_MAP,	 /* reg points to struct bpf_map */
138 	PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE,	 /* reg points to map element value */
139 	PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_OR_NULL,/* points to map elem value or NULL */
140 	PTR_TO_STACK,		 /* reg == frame_pointer + offset */
141 	PTR_TO_PACKET_META,	 /* skb->data - meta_len */
142 	PTR_TO_PACKET,		 /* reg points to skb->data */
143 	PTR_TO_PACKET_END,	 /* skb->data + headlen */
144 };
145 
146 /* The information passed from prog-specific *_is_valid_access
147  * back to the verifier.
148  */
149 struct bpf_insn_access_aux {
150 	enum bpf_reg_type reg_type;
151 	int ctx_field_size;
152 };
153 
154 static inline void
155 bpf_ctx_record_field_size(struct bpf_insn_access_aux *aux, u32 size)
156 {
157 	aux->ctx_field_size = size;
158 }
159 
160 struct bpf_verifier_ops {
161 	/* return eBPF function prototype for verification */
162 	const struct bpf_func_proto *(*get_func_proto)(enum bpf_func_id func_id);
163 
164 	/* return true if 'size' wide access at offset 'off' within bpf_context
165 	 * with 'type' (read or write) is allowed
166 	 */
167 	bool (*is_valid_access)(int off, int size, enum bpf_access_type type,
168 				struct bpf_insn_access_aux *info);
169 	int (*gen_prologue)(struct bpf_insn *insn, bool direct_write,
170 			    const struct bpf_prog *prog);
171 	u32 (*convert_ctx_access)(enum bpf_access_type type,
172 				  const struct bpf_insn *src,
173 				  struct bpf_insn *dst,
174 				  struct bpf_prog *prog, u32 *target_size);
175 	int (*test_run)(struct bpf_prog *prog, const union bpf_attr *kattr,
176 			union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
177 };
178 
179 struct bpf_prog_aux {
180 	atomic_t refcnt;
181 	u32 used_map_cnt;
182 	u32 max_ctx_offset;
183 	u32 stack_depth;
184 	u32 id;
185 	struct latch_tree_node ksym_tnode;
186 	struct list_head ksym_lnode;
187 	const struct bpf_verifier_ops *ops;
188 	struct bpf_map **used_maps;
189 	struct bpf_prog *prog;
190 	struct user_struct *user;
191 	u64 load_time; /* ns since boottime */
192 	u8 name[BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
193 	union {
194 		struct work_struct work;
195 		struct rcu_head	rcu;
196 	};
197 };
198 
199 struct bpf_array {
200 	struct bpf_map map;
201 	u32 elem_size;
202 	/* 'ownership' of prog_array is claimed by the first program that
203 	 * is going to use this map or by the first program which FD is stored
204 	 * in the map to make sure that all callers and callees have the same
205 	 * prog_type and JITed flag
206 	 */
207 	enum bpf_prog_type owner_prog_type;
208 	bool owner_jited;
209 	union {
210 		char value[0] __aligned(8);
211 		void *ptrs[0] __aligned(8);
212 		void __percpu *pptrs[0] __aligned(8);
213 	};
214 };
215 
216 #define MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT 32
217 
218 struct bpf_event_entry {
219 	struct perf_event *event;
220 	struct file *perf_file;
221 	struct file *map_file;
222 	struct rcu_head rcu;
223 };
224 
225 u64 bpf_tail_call(u64 ctx, u64 r2, u64 index, u64 r4, u64 r5);
226 u64 bpf_get_stackid(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
227 
228 bool bpf_prog_array_compatible(struct bpf_array *array, const struct bpf_prog *fp);
229 int bpf_prog_calc_tag(struct bpf_prog *fp);
230 
231 const struct bpf_func_proto *bpf_get_trace_printk_proto(void);
232 
233 typedef unsigned long (*bpf_ctx_copy_t)(void *dst, const void *src,
234 					unsigned long off, unsigned long len);
235 
236 u64 bpf_event_output(struct bpf_map *map, u64 flags, void *meta, u64 meta_size,
237 		     void *ctx, u64 ctx_size, bpf_ctx_copy_t ctx_copy);
238 
239 int bpf_prog_test_run_xdp(struct bpf_prog *prog, const union bpf_attr *kattr,
240 			  union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
241 int bpf_prog_test_run_skb(struct bpf_prog *prog, const union bpf_attr *kattr,
242 			  union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
243 
244 /* an array of programs to be executed under rcu_lock.
245  *
246  * Typical usage:
247  * ret = BPF_PROG_RUN_ARRAY(&bpf_prog_array, ctx, BPF_PROG_RUN);
248  *
249  * the structure returned by bpf_prog_array_alloc() should be populated
250  * with program pointers and the last pointer must be NULL.
251  * The user has to keep refcnt on the program and make sure the program
252  * is removed from the array before bpf_prog_put().
253  * The 'struct bpf_prog_array *' should only be replaced with xchg()
254  * since other cpus are walking the array of pointers in parallel.
255  */
256 struct bpf_prog_array {
257 	struct rcu_head rcu;
258 	struct bpf_prog *progs[0];
259 };
260 
261 struct bpf_prog_array __rcu *bpf_prog_array_alloc(u32 prog_cnt, gfp_t flags);
262 void bpf_prog_array_free(struct bpf_prog_array __rcu *progs);
263 int bpf_prog_array_length(struct bpf_prog_array __rcu *progs);
264 int bpf_prog_array_copy_to_user(struct bpf_prog_array __rcu *progs,
265 				__u32 __user *prog_ids, u32 cnt);
266 
267 #define BPF_PROG_RUN_ARRAY(array, ctx, func)		\
268 	({						\
269 		struct bpf_prog **_prog;		\
270 		u32 _ret = 1;				\
271 		rcu_read_lock();			\
272 		_prog = rcu_dereference(array)->progs;	\
273 		for (; *_prog; _prog++)			\
274 			_ret &= func(*_prog, ctx);	\
275 		rcu_read_unlock();			\
276 		_ret;					\
277 	 })
278 
279 #ifdef CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL
280 DECLARE_PER_CPU(int, bpf_prog_active);
281 
282 #define BPF_PROG_TYPE(_id, _ops) \
283 	extern const struct bpf_verifier_ops _ops;
284 #define BPF_MAP_TYPE(_id, _ops) \
285 	extern const struct bpf_map_ops _ops;
286 #include <linux/bpf_types.h>
287 #undef BPF_PROG_TYPE
288 #undef BPF_MAP_TYPE
289 
290 struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get(u32 ufd);
291 struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get_type(u32 ufd, enum bpf_prog_type type);
292 struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_add(struct bpf_prog *prog, int i);
293 void bpf_prog_sub(struct bpf_prog *prog, int i);
294 struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_inc(struct bpf_prog *prog);
295 struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_inc_not_zero(struct bpf_prog *prog);
296 void bpf_prog_put(struct bpf_prog *prog);
297 int __bpf_prog_charge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages);
298 void __bpf_prog_uncharge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages);
299 
300 struct bpf_map *bpf_map_get_with_uref(u32 ufd);
301 struct bpf_map *__bpf_map_get(struct fd f);
302 struct bpf_map * __must_check bpf_map_inc(struct bpf_map *map, bool uref);
303 void bpf_map_put_with_uref(struct bpf_map *map);
304 void bpf_map_put(struct bpf_map *map);
305 int bpf_map_precharge_memlock(u32 pages);
306 void *bpf_map_area_alloc(size_t size, int numa_node);
307 void bpf_map_area_free(void *base);
308 
309 extern int sysctl_unprivileged_bpf_disabled;
310 
311 int bpf_map_new_fd(struct bpf_map *map);
312 int bpf_prog_new_fd(struct bpf_prog *prog);
313 
314 int bpf_obj_pin_user(u32 ufd, const char __user *pathname);
315 int bpf_obj_get_user(const char __user *pathname);
316 
317 int bpf_percpu_hash_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value);
318 int bpf_percpu_array_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value);
319 int bpf_percpu_hash_update(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value,
320 			   u64 flags);
321 int bpf_percpu_array_update(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value,
322 			    u64 flags);
323 
324 int bpf_stackmap_copy(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value);
325 
326 int bpf_fd_array_map_update_elem(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file,
327 				 void *key, void *value, u64 map_flags);
328 int bpf_fd_array_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, u32 *value);
329 void bpf_fd_array_map_clear(struct bpf_map *map);
330 int bpf_fd_htab_map_update_elem(struct bpf_map *map, struct file *map_file,
331 				void *key, void *value, u64 map_flags);
332 int bpf_fd_htab_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, u32 *value);
333 
334 /* memcpy that is used with 8-byte aligned pointers, power-of-8 size and
335  * forced to use 'long' read/writes to try to atomically copy long counters.
336  * Best-effort only.  No barriers here, since it _will_ race with concurrent
337  * updates from BPF programs. Called from bpf syscall and mostly used with
338  * size 8 or 16 bytes, so ask compiler to inline it.
339  */
340 static inline void bpf_long_memcpy(void *dst, const void *src, u32 size)
341 {
342 	const long *lsrc = src;
343 	long *ldst = dst;
344 
345 	size /= sizeof(long);
346 	while (size--)
347 		*ldst++ = *lsrc++;
348 }
349 
350 /* verify correctness of eBPF program */
351 int bpf_check(struct bpf_prog **fp, union bpf_attr *attr);
352 
353 /* Map specifics */
354 struct net_device  *__dev_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, u32 key);
355 void __dev_map_insert_ctx(struct bpf_map *map, u32 index);
356 void __dev_map_flush(struct bpf_map *map);
357 
358 /* Return map's numa specified by userspace */
359 static inline int bpf_map_attr_numa_node(const union bpf_attr *attr)
360 {
361 	return (attr->map_flags & BPF_F_NUMA_NODE) ?
362 		attr->numa_node : NUMA_NO_NODE;
363 }
364 
365 #else
366 static inline struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get(u32 ufd)
367 {
368 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
369 }
370 
371 static inline struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_get_type(u32 ufd,
372 						 enum bpf_prog_type type)
373 {
374 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
375 }
376 static inline struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_add(struct bpf_prog *prog,
377 							  int i)
378 {
379 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
380 }
381 
382 static inline void bpf_prog_sub(struct bpf_prog *prog, int i)
383 {
384 }
385 
386 static inline void bpf_prog_put(struct bpf_prog *prog)
387 {
388 }
389 
390 static inline struct bpf_prog * __must_check bpf_prog_inc(struct bpf_prog *prog)
391 {
392 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
393 }
394 
395 static inline struct bpf_prog *__must_check
396 bpf_prog_inc_not_zero(struct bpf_prog *prog)
397 {
398 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
399 }
400 
401 static inline int __bpf_prog_charge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages)
402 {
403 	return 0;
404 }
405 
406 static inline void __bpf_prog_uncharge(struct user_struct *user, u32 pages)
407 {
408 }
409 
410 static inline struct net_device  *__dev_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map,
411 						       u32 key)
412 {
413 	return NULL;
414 }
415 
416 static inline void __dev_map_insert_ctx(struct bpf_map *map, u32 index)
417 {
418 }
419 
420 static inline void __dev_map_flush(struct bpf_map *map)
421 {
422 }
423 #endif /* CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL */
424 
425 #if defined(CONFIG_STREAM_PARSER) && defined(CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL)
426 struct sock  *__sock_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, u32 key);
427 int sock_map_prog(struct bpf_map *map, struct bpf_prog *prog, u32 type);
428 #else
429 static inline struct sock  *__sock_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, u32 key)
430 {
431 	return NULL;
432 }
433 
434 static inline int sock_map_prog(struct bpf_map *map,
435 				struct bpf_prog *prog,
436 				u32 type)
437 {
438 	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
439 }
440 #endif
441 
442 /* verifier prototypes for helper functions called from eBPF programs */
443 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_map_lookup_elem_proto;
444 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_map_update_elem_proto;
445 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_map_delete_elem_proto;
446 
447 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_prandom_u32_proto;
448 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_smp_processor_id_proto;
449 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_numa_node_id_proto;
450 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_tail_call_proto;
451 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_ktime_get_ns_proto;
452 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_pid_tgid_proto;
453 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_uid_gid_proto;
454 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_comm_proto;
455 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_vlan_push_proto;
456 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_vlan_pop_proto;
457 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stackid_proto;
458 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sock_map_update_proto;
459 
460 /* Shared helpers among cBPF and eBPF. */
461 void bpf_user_rnd_init_once(void);
462 u64 bpf_user_rnd_u32(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
463 
464 #endif /* _LINUX_BPF_H */
465