xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/ata.h (revision ba6e8564)
1 
2 /*
3  *  Copyright 2003-2004 Red Hat, Inc.  All rights reserved.
4  *  Copyright 2003-2004 Jeff Garzik
5  *
6  *
7  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
10  *  any later version.
11  *
12  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18  *  along with this program; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
19  *  the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
20  *
21  *
22  *  libata documentation is available via 'make {ps|pdf}docs',
23  *  as Documentation/DocBook/libata.*
24  *
25  *  Hardware documentation available from http://www.t13.org/
26  *
27  */
28 
29 #ifndef __LINUX_ATA_H__
30 #define __LINUX_ATA_H__
31 
32 #include <linux/types.h>
33 
34 /* defines only for the constants which don't work well as enums */
35 #define ATA_DMA_BOUNDARY	0xffffUL
36 #define ATA_DMA_MASK		0xffffffffULL
37 
38 enum {
39 	/* various global constants */
40 	ATA_MAX_DEVICES		= 2,	/* per bus/port */
41 	ATA_MAX_PRD		= 256,	/* we could make these 256/256 */
42 	ATA_SECT_SIZE		= 512,
43 	ATA_MAX_SECTORS_128	= 128,
44 	ATA_MAX_SECTORS		= 256,
45 	ATA_MAX_SECTORS_LBA48	= 65535,/* TODO: 65536? */
46 
47 	ATA_ID_WORDS		= 256,
48 	ATA_ID_SERNO		= 10,
49 	ATA_ID_FW_REV		= 23,
50 	ATA_ID_PROD		= 27,
51 	ATA_ID_OLD_PIO_MODES	= 51,
52 	ATA_ID_FIELD_VALID	= 53,
53 	ATA_ID_MWDMA_MODES	= 63,
54 	ATA_ID_PIO_MODES	= 64,
55 	ATA_ID_EIDE_DMA_MIN	= 65,
56 	ATA_ID_EIDE_PIO		= 67,
57 	ATA_ID_EIDE_PIO_IORDY	= 68,
58 	ATA_ID_UDMA_MODES	= 88,
59 	ATA_ID_MAJOR_VER	= 80,
60 	ATA_ID_PIO4		= (1 << 1),
61 
62 	ATA_ID_SERNO_LEN	= 20,
63 	ATA_ID_FW_REV_LEN	= 8,
64 	ATA_ID_PROD_LEN		= 40,
65 
66 	ATA_PCI_CTL_OFS		= 2,
67 	ATA_UDMA0		= (1 << 0),
68 	ATA_UDMA1		= ATA_UDMA0 | (1 << 1),
69 	ATA_UDMA2		= ATA_UDMA1 | (1 << 2),
70 	ATA_UDMA3		= ATA_UDMA2 | (1 << 3),
71 	ATA_UDMA4		= ATA_UDMA3 | (1 << 4),
72 	ATA_UDMA5		= ATA_UDMA4 | (1 << 5),
73 	ATA_UDMA6		= ATA_UDMA5 | (1 << 6),
74 	ATA_UDMA7		= ATA_UDMA6 | (1 << 7),
75 	/* ATA_UDMA7 is just for completeness... doesn't exist (yet?).  */
76 
77 	ATA_UDMA_MASK_40C	= ATA_UDMA2,	/* udma0-2 */
78 
79 	/* DMA-related */
80 	ATA_PRD_SZ		= 8,
81 	ATA_PRD_TBL_SZ		= (ATA_MAX_PRD * ATA_PRD_SZ),
82 	ATA_PRD_EOT		= (1 << 31),	/* end-of-table flag */
83 
84 	ATA_DMA_TABLE_OFS	= 4,
85 	ATA_DMA_STATUS		= 2,
86 	ATA_DMA_CMD		= 0,
87 	ATA_DMA_WR		= (1 << 3),
88 	ATA_DMA_START		= (1 << 0),
89 	ATA_DMA_INTR		= (1 << 2),
90 	ATA_DMA_ERR		= (1 << 1),
91 	ATA_DMA_ACTIVE		= (1 << 0),
92 
93 	/* bits in ATA command block registers */
94 	ATA_HOB			= (1 << 7),	/* LBA48 selector */
95 	ATA_NIEN		= (1 << 1),	/* disable-irq flag */
96 	ATA_LBA			= (1 << 6),	/* LBA28 selector */
97 	ATA_DEV1		= (1 << 4),	/* Select Device 1 (slave) */
98 	ATA_DEVICE_OBS		= (1 << 7) | (1 << 5), /* obs bits in dev reg */
99 	ATA_DEVCTL_OBS		= (1 << 3),	/* obsolete bit in devctl reg */
100 	ATA_BUSY		= (1 << 7),	/* BSY status bit */
101 	ATA_DRDY		= (1 << 6),	/* device ready */
102 	ATA_DF			= (1 << 5),	/* device fault */
103 	ATA_DRQ			= (1 << 3),	/* data request i/o */
104 	ATA_ERR			= (1 << 0),	/* have an error */
105 	ATA_SRST		= (1 << 2),	/* software reset */
106 	ATA_ICRC		= (1 << 7),	/* interface CRC error */
107 	ATA_UNC			= (1 << 6),	/* uncorrectable media error */
108 	ATA_IDNF		= (1 << 4),	/* ID not found */
109 	ATA_ABORTED		= (1 << 2),	/* command aborted */
110 
111 	/* ATA command block registers */
112 	ATA_REG_DATA		= 0x00,
113 	ATA_REG_ERR		= 0x01,
114 	ATA_REG_NSECT		= 0x02,
115 	ATA_REG_LBAL		= 0x03,
116 	ATA_REG_LBAM		= 0x04,
117 	ATA_REG_LBAH		= 0x05,
118 	ATA_REG_DEVICE		= 0x06,
119 	ATA_REG_STATUS		= 0x07,
120 
121 	ATA_REG_FEATURE		= ATA_REG_ERR, /* and their aliases */
122 	ATA_REG_CMD		= ATA_REG_STATUS,
123 	ATA_REG_BYTEL		= ATA_REG_LBAM,
124 	ATA_REG_BYTEH		= ATA_REG_LBAH,
125 	ATA_REG_DEVSEL		= ATA_REG_DEVICE,
126 	ATA_REG_IRQ		= ATA_REG_NSECT,
127 
128 	/* ATA device commands */
129 	ATA_CMD_CHK_POWER	= 0xE5, /* check power mode */
130 	ATA_CMD_STANDBY		= 0xE2, /* place in standby power mode */
131 	ATA_CMD_IDLE		= 0xE3, /* place in idle power mode */
132 	ATA_CMD_EDD		= 0x90,	/* execute device diagnostic */
133 	ATA_CMD_FLUSH		= 0xE7,
134 	ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT	= 0xEA,
135 	ATA_CMD_ID_ATA		= 0xEC,
136 	ATA_CMD_ID_ATAPI	= 0xA1,
137 	ATA_CMD_READ		= 0xC8,
138 	ATA_CMD_READ_EXT	= 0x25,
139 	ATA_CMD_WRITE		= 0xCA,
140 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_EXT	= 0x35,
141 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_FUA_EXT	= 0x3D,
142 	ATA_CMD_FPDMA_READ	= 0x60,
143 	ATA_CMD_FPDMA_WRITE	= 0x61,
144 	ATA_CMD_PIO_READ	= 0x20,
145 	ATA_CMD_PIO_READ_EXT	= 0x24,
146 	ATA_CMD_PIO_WRITE	= 0x30,
147 	ATA_CMD_PIO_WRITE_EXT	= 0x34,
148 	ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI	= 0xC4,
149 	ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI_EXT	= 0x29,
150 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI	= 0xC5,
151 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_EXT	= 0x39,
152 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_FUA_EXT = 0xCE,
153 	ATA_CMD_SET_FEATURES	= 0xEF,
154 	ATA_CMD_PACKET		= 0xA0,
155 	ATA_CMD_VERIFY		= 0x40,
156 	ATA_CMD_VERIFY_EXT	= 0x42,
157  	ATA_CMD_STANDBYNOW1	= 0xE0,
158  	ATA_CMD_IDLEIMMEDIATE	= 0xE1,
159 	ATA_CMD_INIT_DEV_PARAMS	= 0x91,
160 	ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX	= 0xF8,
161 	ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX_EXT = 0x27,
162 	ATA_CMD_READ_LOG_EXT	= 0x2f,
163 
164 	/* READ_LOG_EXT pages */
165 	ATA_LOG_SATA_NCQ	= 0x10,
166 
167 	/* SETFEATURES stuff */
168 	SETFEATURES_XFER	= 0x03,
169 	XFER_UDMA_7		= 0x47,
170 	XFER_UDMA_6		= 0x46,
171 	XFER_UDMA_5		= 0x45,
172 	XFER_UDMA_4		= 0x44,
173 	XFER_UDMA_3		= 0x43,
174 	XFER_UDMA_2		= 0x42,
175 	XFER_UDMA_1		= 0x41,
176 	XFER_UDMA_0		= 0x40,
177 	XFER_MW_DMA_4		= 0x24,	/* CFA only */
178 	XFER_MW_DMA_3		= 0x23,	/* CFA only */
179 	XFER_MW_DMA_2		= 0x22,
180 	XFER_MW_DMA_1		= 0x21,
181 	XFER_MW_DMA_0		= 0x20,
182 	XFER_SW_DMA_2		= 0x12,
183 	XFER_SW_DMA_1		= 0x11,
184 	XFER_SW_DMA_0		= 0x10,
185 	XFER_PIO_6		= 0x0E,	/* CFA only */
186 	XFER_PIO_5		= 0x0D,	/* CFA only */
187 	XFER_PIO_4		= 0x0C,
188 	XFER_PIO_3		= 0x0B,
189 	XFER_PIO_2		= 0x0A,
190 	XFER_PIO_1		= 0x09,
191 	XFER_PIO_0		= 0x08,
192 	XFER_PIO_SLOW		= 0x00,
193 
194 	SETFEATURES_WC_ON	= 0x02, /* Enable write cache */
195 	SETFEATURES_WC_OFF	= 0x82, /* Disable write cache */
196 
197 	/* ATAPI stuff */
198 	ATAPI_PKT_DMA		= (1 << 0),
199 	ATAPI_DMADIR		= (1 << 2),	/* ATAPI data dir:
200 						   0=to device, 1=to host */
201 	ATAPI_CDB_LEN		= 16,
202 
203 	/* cable types */
204 	ATA_CBL_NONE		= 0,
205 	ATA_CBL_PATA40		= 1,
206 	ATA_CBL_PATA80		= 2,
207 	ATA_CBL_PATA40_SHORT	= 3,		/* 40 wire cable to high UDMA spec */
208 	ATA_CBL_PATA_UNK	= 4,
209 	ATA_CBL_SATA		= 5,
210 
211 	/* SATA Status and Control Registers */
212 	SCR_STATUS		= 0,
213 	SCR_ERROR		= 1,
214 	SCR_CONTROL		= 2,
215 	SCR_ACTIVE		= 3,
216 	SCR_NOTIFICATION	= 4,
217 
218 	/* SError bits */
219 	SERR_DATA_RECOVERED	= (1 << 0), /* recovered data error */
220 	SERR_COMM_RECOVERED	= (1 << 1), /* recovered comm failure */
221 	SERR_DATA		= (1 << 8), /* unrecovered data error */
222 	SERR_PERSISTENT		= (1 << 9), /* persistent data/comm error */
223 	SERR_PROTOCOL		= (1 << 10), /* protocol violation */
224 	SERR_INTERNAL		= (1 << 11), /* host internal error */
225 	SERR_PHYRDY_CHG		= (1 << 16), /* PHY RDY changed */
226 	SERR_DEV_XCHG		= (1 << 26), /* device exchanged */
227 
228 	/* struct ata_taskfile flags */
229 	ATA_TFLAG_LBA48		= (1 << 0), /* enable 48-bit LBA and "HOB" */
230 	ATA_TFLAG_ISADDR	= (1 << 1), /* enable r/w to nsect/lba regs */
231 	ATA_TFLAG_DEVICE	= (1 << 2), /* enable r/w to device reg */
232 	ATA_TFLAG_WRITE		= (1 << 3), /* data dir: host->dev==1 (write) */
233 	ATA_TFLAG_LBA		= (1 << 4), /* enable LBA */
234 	ATA_TFLAG_FUA		= (1 << 5), /* enable FUA */
235 	ATA_TFLAG_POLLING	= (1 << 6), /* set nIEN to 1 and use polling */
236 };
237 
238 enum ata_tf_protocols {
239 	/* ATA taskfile protocols */
240 	ATA_PROT_UNKNOWN,	/* unknown/invalid */
241 	ATA_PROT_NODATA,	/* no data */
242 	ATA_PROT_PIO,		/* PIO single sector */
243 	ATA_PROT_DMA,		/* DMA */
244 	ATA_PROT_NCQ,		/* NCQ */
245 	ATA_PROT_ATAPI,		/* packet command, PIO data xfer*/
246 	ATA_PROT_ATAPI_NODATA,	/* packet command, no data */
247 	ATA_PROT_ATAPI_DMA,	/* packet command with special DMA sauce */
248 };
249 
250 enum ata_ioctls {
251 	ATA_IOC_GET_IO32	= 0x309,
252 	ATA_IOC_SET_IO32	= 0x324,
253 };
254 
255 /* core structures */
256 
257 struct ata_prd {
258 	u32			addr;
259 	u32			flags_len;
260 };
261 
262 struct ata_taskfile {
263 	unsigned long		flags;		/* ATA_TFLAG_xxx */
264 	u8			protocol;	/* ATA_PROT_xxx */
265 
266 	u8			ctl;		/* control reg */
267 
268 	u8			hob_feature;	/* additional data */
269 	u8			hob_nsect;	/* to support LBA48 */
270 	u8			hob_lbal;
271 	u8			hob_lbam;
272 	u8			hob_lbah;
273 
274 	u8			feature;
275 	u8			nsect;
276 	u8			lbal;
277 	u8			lbam;
278 	u8			lbah;
279 
280 	u8			device;
281 
282 	u8			command;	/* IO operation */
283 };
284 
285 #define ata_id_is_ata(id)	(((id)[0] & (1 << 15)) == 0)
286 #define ata_id_rahead_enabled(id) ((id)[85] & (1 << 6))
287 #define ata_id_wcache_enabled(id) ((id)[85] & (1 << 5))
288 #define ata_id_hpa_enabled(id)	((id)[85] & (1 << 10))
289 #define ata_id_has_fua(id)	((id)[84] & (1 << 6))
290 #define ata_id_has_flush(id)	((id)[83] & (1 << 12))
291 #define ata_id_has_flush_ext(id) ((id)[83] & (1 << 13))
292 #define ata_id_has_lba48(id)	((id)[83] & (1 << 10))
293 #define ata_id_has_hpa(id)	((id)[82] & (1 << 10))
294 #define ata_id_has_wcache(id)	((id)[82] & (1 << 5))
295 #define ata_id_has_pm(id)	((id)[82] & (1 << 3))
296 #define ata_id_has_lba(id)	((id)[49] & (1 << 9))
297 #define ata_id_has_dma(id)	((id)[49] & (1 << 8))
298 #define ata_id_has_ncq(id)	((id)[76] & (1 << 8))
299 #define ata_id_queue_depth(id)	(((id)[75] & 0x1f) + 1)
300 #define ata_id_removeable(id)	((id)[0] & (1 << 7))
301 #define ata_id_has_dword_io(id)	((id)[50] & (1 << 0))
302 #define ata_id_iordy_disable(id) ((id)[49] & (1 << 10))
303 #define ata_id_has_iordy(id) ((id)[49] & (1 << 9))
304 #define ata_id_u32(id,n)	\
305 	(((u32) (id)[(n) + 1] << 16) | ((u32) (id)[(n)]))
306 #define ata_id_u64(id,n)	\
307 	( ((u64) (id)[(n) + 3] << 48) |	\
308 	  ((u64) (id)[(n) + 2] << 32) |	\
309 	  ((u64) (id)[(n) + 1] << 16) |	\
310 	  ((u64) (id)[(n) + 0]) )
311 
312 #define ata_id_cdb_intr(id)	(((id)[0] & 0x60) == 0x20)
313 
314 static inline unsigned int ata_id_major_version(const u16 *id)
315 {
316 	unsigned int mver;
317 
318 	if (id[ATA_ID_MAJOR_VER] == 0xFFFF)
319 		return 0;
320 
321 	for (mver = 14; mver >= 1; mver--)
322 		if (id[ATA_ID_MAJOR_VER] & (1 << mver))
323 			break;
324 	return mver;
325 }
326 
327 static inline int ata_id_is_sata(const u16 *id)
328 {
329 	return ata_id_major_version(id) >= 5 && id[93] == 0;
330 }
331 
332 static inline int ata_id_current_chs_valid(const u16 *id)
333 {
334 	/* For ATA-1 devices, if the INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS command
335 	   has not been issued to the device then the values of
336 	   id[54] to id[56] are vendor specific. */
337 	return (id[53] & 0x01) && /* Current translation valid */
338 		id[54] &&  /* cylinders in current translation */
339 		id[55] &&  /* heads in current translation */
340 		id[55] <= 16 &&
341 		id[56];    /* sectors in current translation */
342 }
343 
344 static inline int ata_id_is_cfa(const u16 *id)
345 {
346 	u16 v = id[0];
347 	if (v == 0x848A)	/* Standard CF */
348 		return 1;
349 	/* Could be CF hiding as standard ATA */
350 	if (ata_id_major_version(id) >= 3 &&  id[82] != 0xFFFF &&
351 			(id[82] & ( 1 << 2)))
352 		return 1;
353 	return 0;
354 }
355 
356 static inline int ata_drive_40wire(const u16 *dev_id)
357 {
358 	if (ata_id_is_sata(dev_id))
359 		return 0;	/* SATA */
360 	if ((dev_id[93] & 0xE000) == 0x6000)
361 		return 0;	/* 80 wire */
362 	return 1;
363 }
364 
365 static inline int atapi_cdb_len(const u16 *dev_id)
366 {
367 	u16 tmp = dev_id[0] & 0x3;
368 	switch (tmp) {
369 	case 0:		return 12;
370 	case 1:		return 16;
371 	default:	return -1;
372 	}
373 }
374 
375 static inline int is_atapi_taskfile(const struct ata_taskfile *tf)
376 {
377 	return (tf->protocol == ATA_PROT_ATAPI) ||
378 	       (tf->protocol == ATA_PROT_ATAPI_NODATA) ||
379 	       (tf->protocol == ATA_PROT_ATAPI_DMA);
380 }
381 
382 static inline int is_multi_taskfile(struct ata_taskfile *tf)
383 {
384 	return (tf->command == ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI) ||
385 	       (tf->command == ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI) ||
386 	       (tf->command == ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI_EXT) ||
387 	       (tf->command == ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_EXT) ||
388 	       (tf->command == ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_FUA_EXT);
389 }
390 
391 static inline int ata_ok(u8 status)
392 {
393 	return ((status & (ATA_BUSY | ATA_DRDY | ATA_DF | ATA_DRQ | ATA_ERR))
394 			== ATA_DRDY);
395 }
396 
397 static inline int lba_28_ok(u64 block, u32 n_block)
398 {
399 	/* check the ending block number */
400 	return ((block + n_block - 1) < ((u64)1 << 28)) && (n_block <= 256);
401 }
402 
403 static inline int lba_48_ok(u64 block, u32 n_block)
404 {
405 	/* check the ending block number */
406 	return ((block + n_block - 1) < ((u64)1 << 48)) && (n_block <= 65536);
407 }
408 
409 #endif /* __LINUX_ATA_H__ */
410