xref: /linux-6.15/include/linux/ata.h (revision aeb3f462)
1 
2 /*
3  *  Copyright 2003-2004 Red Hat, Inc.  All rights reserved.
4  *  Copyright 2003-2004 Jeff Garzik
5  *
6  *
7  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
10  *  any later version.
11  *
12  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18  *  along with this program; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
19  *  the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
20  *
21  *
22  *  libata documentation is available via 'make {ps|pdf}docs',
23  *  as Documentation/DocBook/libata.*
24  *
25  *  Hardware documentation available from http://www.t13.org/
26  *
27  */
28 
29 #ifndef __LINUX_ATA_H__
30 #define __LINUX_ATA_H__
31 
32 #include <linux/types.h>
33 
34 /* defines only for the constants which don't work well as enums */
35 #define ATA_DMA_BOUNDARY	0xffffUL
36 #define ATA_DMA_MASK		0xffffffffULL
37 
38 enum {
39 	/* various global constants */
40 	ATA_MAX_DEVICES		= 2,	/* per bus/port */
41 	ATA_MAX_PRD		= 256,	/* we could make these 256/256 */
42 	ATA_SECT_SIZE		= 512,
43 	ATA_MAX_SECTORS_128	= 128,
44 	ATA_MAX_SECTORS		= 256,
45 	ATA_MAX_SECTORS_LBA48	= 65535,/* TODO: 65536? */
46 
47 	ATA_ID_WORDS		= 256,
48 	ATA_ID_SERNO		= 10,
49 	ATA_ID_FW_REV		= 23,
50 	ATA_ID_PROD		= 27,
51 	ATA_ID_OLD_PIO_MODES	= 51,
52 	ATA_ID_FIELD_VALID	= 53,
53 	ATA_ID_MWDMA_MODES	= 63,
54 	ATA_ID_PIO_MODES	= 64,
55 	ATA_ID_EIDE_DMA_MIN	= 65,
56 	ATA_ID_EIDE_PIO		= 67,
57 	ATA_ID_EIDE_PIO_IORDY	= 68,
58 	ATA_ID_UDMA_MODES	= 88,
59 	ATA_ID_MAJOR_VER	= 80,
60 	ATA_ID_PIO4		= (1 << 1),
61 
62 	ATA_ID_SERNO_LEN	= 20,
63 	ATA_ID_FW_REV_LEN	= 8,
64 	ATA_ID_PROD_LEN		= 40,
65 
66 	ATA_PCI_CTL_OFS		= 2,
67 
68 	ATA_PIO0		= (1 << 0),
69 	ATA_PIO1		= ATA_PIO0 | (1 << 1),
70 	ATA_PIO2		= ATA_PIO1 | (1 << 2),
71 	ATA_PIO3		= ATA_PIO2 | (1 << 3),
72 	ATA_PIO4		= ATA_PIO3 | (1 << 4),
73 	ATA_PIO5		= ATA_PIO4 | (1 << 5),
74 	ATA_PIO6		= ATA_PIO5 | (1 << 6),
75 
76 	ATA_UDMA0		= (1 << 0),
77 	ATA_UDMA1		= ATA_UDMA0 | (1 << 1),
78 	ATA_UDMA2		= ATA_UDMA1 | (1 << 2),
79 	ATA_UDMA3		= ATA_UDMA2 | (1 << 3),
80 	ATA_UDMA4		= ATA_UDMA3 | (1 << 4),
81 	ATA_UDMA5		= ATA_UDMA4 | (1 << 5),
82 	ATA_UDMA6		= ATA_UDMA5 | (1 << 6),
83 	ATA_UDMA7		= ATA_UDMA6 | (1 << 7),
84 	/* ATA_UDMA7 is just for completeness... doesn't exist (yet?).  */
85 
86 	ATA_UDMA_MASK_40C	= ATA_UDMA2,	/* udma0-2 */
87 
88 	/* DMA-related */
89 	ATA_PRD_SZ		= 8,
90 	ATA_PRD_TBL_SZ		= (ATA_MAX_PRD * ATA_PRD_SZ),
91 	ATA_PRD_EOT		= (1 << 31),	/* end-of-table flag */
92 
93 	ATA_DMA_TABLE_OFS	= 4,
94 	ATA_DMA_STATUS		= 2,
95 	ATA_DMA_CMD		= 0,
96 	ATA_DMA_WR		= (1 << 3),
97 	ATA_DMA_START		= (1 << 0),
98 	ATA_DMA_INTR		= (1 << 2),
99 	ATA_DMA_ERR		= (1 << 1),
100 	ATA_DMA_ACTIVE		= (1 << 0),
101 
102 	/* bits in ATA command block registers */
103 	ATA_HOB			= (1 << 7),	/* LBA48 selector */
104 	ATA_NIEN		= (1 << 1),	/* disable-irq flag */
105 	ATA_LBA			= (1 << 6),	/* LBA28 selector */
106 	ATA_DEV1		= (1 << 4),	/* Select Device 1 (slave) */
107 	ATA_DEVICE_OBS		= (1 << 7) | (1 << 5), /* obs bits in dev reg */
108 	ATA_DEVCTL_OBS		= (1 << 3),	/* obsolete bit in devctl reg */
109 	ATA_BUSY		= (1 << 7),	/* BSY status bit */
110 	ATA_DRDY		= (1 << 6),	/* device ready */
111 	ATA_DF			= (1 << 5),	/* device fault */
112 	ATA_DRQ			= (1 << 3),	/* data request i/o */
113 	ATA_ERR			= (1 << 0),	/* have an error */
114 	ATA_SRST		= (1 << 2),	/* software reset */
115 	ATA_ICRC		= (1 << 7),	/* interface CRC error */
116 	ATA_UNC			= (1 << 6),	/* uncorrectable media error */
117 	ATA_IDNF		= (1 << 4),	/* ID not found */
118 	ATA_ABORTED		= (1 << 2),	/* command aborted */
119 
120 	/* ATA command block registers */
121 	ATA_REG_DATA		= 0x00,
122 	ATA_REG_ERR		= 0x01,
123 	ATA_REG_NSECT		= 0x02,
124 	ATA_REG_LBAL		= 0x03,
125 	ATA_REG_LBAM		= 0x04,
126 	ATA_REG_LBAH		= 0x05,
127 	ATA_REG_DEVICE		= 0x06,
128 	ATA_REG_STATUS		= 0x07,
129 
130 	ATA_REG_FEATURE		= ATA_REG_ERR, /* and their aliases */
131 	ATA_REG_CMD		= ATA_REG_STATUS,
132 	ATA_REG_BYTEL		= ATA_REG_LBAM,
133 	ATA_REG_BYTEH		= ATA_REG_LBAH,
134 	ATA_REG_DEVSEL		= ATA_REG_DEVICE,
135 	ATA_REG_IRQ		= ATA_REG_NSECT,
136 
137 	/* ATA device commands */
138 	ATA_CMD_DEV_RESET	= 0x08, /* ATAPI device reset */
139 	ATA_CMD_CHK_POWER	= 0xE5, /* check power mode */
140 	ATA_CMD_STANDBY		= 0xE2, /* place in standby power mode */
141 	ATA_CMD_IDLE		= 0xE3, /* place in idle power mode */
142 	ATA_CMD_EDD		= 0x90,	/* execute device diagnostic */
143 	ATA_CMD_FLUSH		= 0xE7,
144 	ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT	= 0xEA,
145 	ATA_CMD_ID_ATA		= 0xEC,
146 	ATA_CMD_ID_ATAPI	= 0xA1,
147 	ATA_CMD_READ		= 0xC8,
148 	ATA_CMD_READ_EXT	= 0x25,
149 	ATA_CMD_WRITE		= 0xCA,
150 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_EXT	= 0x35,
151 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_FUA_EXT	= 0x3D,
152 	ATA_CMD_FPDMA_READ	= 0x60,
153 	ATA_CMD_FPDMA_WRITE	= 0x61,
154 	ATA_CMD_PIO_READ	= 0x20,
155 	ATA_CMD_PIO_READ_EXT	= 0x24,
156 	ATA_CMD_PIO_WRITE	= 0x30,
157 	ATA_CMD_PIO_WRITE_EXT	= 0x34,
158 	ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI	= 0xC4,
159 	ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI_EXT	= 0x29,
160 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI	= 0xC5,
161 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_EXT	= 0x39,
162 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_FUA_EXT = 0xCE,
163 	ATA_CMD_SET_FEATURES	= 0xEF,
164 	ATA_CMD_SET_MULTI	= 0xC6,
165 	ATA_CMD_PACKET		= 0xA0,
166 	ATA_CMD_VERIFY		= 0x40,
167 	ATA_CMD_VERIFY_EXT	= 0x42,
168  	ATA_CMD_STANDBYNOW1	= 0xE0,
169  	ATA_CMD_IDLEIMMEDIATE	= 0xE1,
170 	ATA_CMD_INIT_DEV_PARAMS	= 0x91,
171 	ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX	= 0xF8,
172 	ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX_EXT = 0x27,
173 	ATA_CMD_SET_MAX		= 0xF9,
174 	ATA_CMD_SET_MAX_EXT	= 0x37,
175 	ATA_CMD_READ_LOG_EXT	= 0x2f,
176 	ATA_CMD_PMP_READ	= 0xE4,
177 	ATA_CMD_PMP_WRITE	= 0xE8,
178 
179 	/* READ_LOG_EXT pages */
180 	ATA_LOG_SATA_NCQ	= 0x10,
181 
182 	/* READ/WRITE LONG (obsolete) */
183 	ATA_CMD_READ_LONG	= 0x22,
184 	ATA_CMD_READ_LONG_ONCE	= 0x23,
185 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_LONG	= 0x32,
186 	ATA_CMD_WRITE_LONG_ONCE	= 0x33,
187 
188 	/* SETFEATURES stuff */
189 	SETFEATURES_XFER	= 0x03,
190 	XFER_UDMA_7		= 0x47,
191 	XFER_UDMA_6		= 0x46,
192 	XFER_UDMA_5		= 0x45,
193 	XFER_UDMA_4		= 0x44,
194 	XFER_UDMA_3		= 0x43,
195 	XFER_UDMA_2		= 0x42,
196 	XFER_UDMA_1		= 0x41,
197 	XFER_UDMA_0		= 0x40,
198 	XFER_MW_DMA_4		= 0x24,	/* CFA only */
199 	XFER_MW_DMA_3		= 0x23,	/* CFA only */
200 	XFER_MW_DMA_2		= 0x22,
201 	XFER_MW_DMA_1		= 0x21,
202 	XFER_MW_DMA_0		= 0x20,
203 	XFER_SW_DMA_2		= 0x12,
204 	XFER_SW_DMA_1		= 0x11,
205 	XFER_SW_DMA_0		= 0x10,
206 	XFER_PIO_6		= 0x0E,	/* CFA only */
207 	XFER_PIO_5		= 0x0D,	/* CFA only */
208 	XFER_PIO_4		= 0x0C,
209 	XFER_PIO_3		= 0x0B,
210 	XFER_PIO_2		= 0x0A,
211 	XFER_PIO_1		= 0x09,
212 	XFER_PIO_0		= 0x08,
213 	XFER_PIO_SLOW		= 0x00,
214 
215 	SETFEATURES_WC_ON	= 0x02, /* Enable write cache */
216 	SETFEATURES_WC_OFF	= 0x82, /* Disable write cache */
217 
218 	SETFEATURES_SPINUP	= 0x07, /* Spin-up drive */
219 
220 	/* ATAPI stuff */
221 	ATAPI_PKT_DMA		= (1 << 0),
222 	ATAPI_DMADIR		= (1 << 2),	/* ATAPI data dir:
223 						   0=to device, 1=to host */
224 	ATAPI_CDB_LEN		= 16,
225 
226 	/* PMP stuff */
227 	SATA_PMP_MAX_PORTS	= 15,
228 	SATA_PMP_CTRL_PORT	= 15,
229 
230 	SATA_PMP_GSCR_DWORDS	= 128,
231 	SATA_PMP_GSCR_PROD_ID	= 0,
232 	SATA_PMP_GSCR_REV	= 1,
233 	SATA_PMP_GSCR_PORT_INFO	= 2,
234 	SATA_PMP_GSCR_ERROR	= 32,
235 	SATA_PMP_GSCR_ERROR_EN	= 33,
236 	SATA_PMP_GSCR_FEAT	= 64,
237 	SATA_PMP_GSCR_FEAT_EN	= 96,
238 
239 	SATA_PMP_PSCR_STATUS	= 0,
240 	SATA_PMP_PSCR_ERROR	= 1,
241 	SATA_PMP_PSCR_CONTROL	= 2,
242 
243 	SATA_PMP_FEAT_BIST	= (1 << 0),
244 	SATA_PMP_FEAT_PMREQ	= (1 << 1),
245 	SATA_PMP_FEAT_DYNSSC	= (1 << 2),
246 	SATA_PMP_FEAT_NOTIFY	= (1 << 3),
247 
248 	/* cable types */
249 	ATA_CBL_NONE		= 0,
250 	ATA_CBL_PATA40		= 1,
251 	ATA_CBL_PATA80		= 2,
252 	ATA_CBL_PATA40_SHORT	= 3,		/* 40 wire cable to high UDMA spec */
253 	ATA_CBL_PATA_UNK	= 4,
254 	ATA_CBL_SATA		= 5,
255 
256 	/* SATA Status and Control Registers */
257 	SCR_STATUS		= 0,
258 	SCR_ERROR		= 1,
259 	SCR_CONTROL		= 2,
260 	SCR_ACTIVE		= 3,
261 	SCR_NOTIFICATION	= 4,
262 
263 	/* SError bits */
264 	SERR_DATA_RECOVERED	= (1 << 0), /* recovered data error */
265 	SERR_COMM_RECOVERED	= (1 << 1), /* recovered comm failure */
266 	SERR_DATA		= (1 << 8), /* unrecovered data error */
267 	SERR_PERSISTENT		= (1 << 9), /* persistent data/comm error */
268 	SERR_PROTOCOL		= (1 << 10), /* protocol violation */
269 	SERR_INTERNAL		= (1 << 11), /* host internal error */
270 	SERR_PHYRDY_CHG		= (1 << 16), /* PHY RDY changed */
271 	SERR_DEV_XCHG		= (1 << 26), /* device exchanged */
272 
273 	/* struct ata_taskfile flags */
274 	ATA_TFLAG_LBA48		= (1 << 0), /* enable 48-bit LBA and "HOB" */
275 	ATA_TFLAG_ISADDR	= (1 << 1), /* enable r/w to nsect/lba regs */
276 	ATA_TFLAG_DEVICE	= (1 << 2), /* enable r/w to device reg */
277 	ATA_TFLAG_WRITE		= (1 << 3), /* data dir: host->dev==1 (write) */
278 	ATA_TFLAG_LBA		= (1 << 4), /* enable LBA */
279 	ATA_TFLAG_FUA		= (1 << 5), /* enable FUA */
280 	ATA_TFLAG_POLLING	= (1 << 6), /* set nIEN to 1 and use polling */
281 };
282 
283 enum ata_tf_protocols {
284 	/* ATA taskfile protocols */
285 	ATA_PROT_UNKNOWN,	/* unknown/invalid */
286 	ATA_PROT_NODATA,	/* no data */
287 	ATA_PROT_PIO,		/* PIO data xfer */
288 	ATA_PROT_DMA,		/* DMA */
289 	ATA_PROT_NCQ,		/* NCQ */
290 	ATA_PROT_ATAPI,		/* packet command, PIO data xfer*/
291 	ATA_PROT_ATAPI_NODATA,	/* packet command, no data */
292 	ATA_PROT_ATAPI_DMA,	/* packet command with special DMA sauce */
293 };
294 
295 enum ata_ioctls {
296 	ATA_IOC_GET_IO32	= 0x309,
297 	ATA_IOC_SET_IO32	= 0x324,
298 };
299 
300 /* core structures */
301 
302 struct ata_prd {
303 	u32			addr;
304 	u32			flags_len;
305 };
306 
307 struct ata_taskfile {
308 	unsigned long		flags;		/* ATA_TFLAG_xxx */
309 	u8			protocol;	/* ATA_PROT_xxx */
310 
311 	u8			ctl;		/* control reg */
312 
313 	u8			hob_feature;	/* additional data */
314 	u8			hob_nsect;	/* to support LBA48 */
315 	u8			hob_lbal;
316 	u8			hob_lbam;
317 	u8			hob_lbah;
318 
319 	u8			feature;
320 	u8			nsect;
321 	u8			lbal;
322 	u8			lbam;
323 	u8			lbah;
324 
325 	u8			device;
326 
327 	u8			command;	/* IO operation */
328 };
329 
330 #define ata_id_is_ata(id)	(((id)[0] & (1 << 15)) == 0)
331 #define ata_id_rahead_enabled(id) ((id)[85] & (1 << 6))
332 #define ata_id_wcache_enabled(id) ((id)[85] & (1 << 5))
333 #define ata_id_hpa_enabled(id)	((id)[85] & (1 << 10))
334 #define ata_id_has_fua(id)	((id)[84] & (1 << 6))
335 #define ata_id_has_flush(id)	((id)[83] & (1 << 12))
336 #define ata_id_has_flush_ext(id) ((id)[83] & (1 << 13))
337 #define ata_id_has_lba48(id)	((id)[83] & (1 << 10))
338 #define ata_id_has_hpa(id)	((id)[82] & (1 << 10))
339 #define ata_id_has_wcache(id)	((id)[82] & (1 << 5))
340 #define ata_id_has_pm(id)	((id)[82] & (1 << 3))
341 #define ata_id_has_lba(id)	((id)[49] & (1 << 9))
342 #define ata_id_has_dma(id)	((id)[49] & (1 << 8))
343 #define ata_id_has_ncq(id)	((id)[76] & (1 << 8))
344 #define ata_id_queue_depth(id)	(((id)[75] & 0x1f) + 1)
345 #define ata_id_removeable(id)	((id)[0] & (1 << 7))
346 #define ata_id_has_dword_io(id)	((id)[50] & (1 << 0))
347 #define ata_id_iordy_disable(id) ((id)[49] & (1 << 10))
348 #define ata_id_has_iordy(id) ((id)[49] & (1 << 9))
349 #define ata_id_u32(id,n)	\
350 	(((u32) (id)[(n) + 1] << 16) | ((u32) (id)[(n)]))
351 #define ata_id_u64(id,n)	\
352 	( ((u64) (id)[(n) + 3] << 48) |	\
353 	  ((u64) (id)[(n) + 2] << 32) |	\
354 	  ((u64) (id)[(n) + 1] << 16) |	\
355 	  ((u64) (id)[(n) + 0]) )
356 
357 #define ata_id_cdb_intr(id)	(((id)[0] & 0x60) == 0x20)
358 
359 static inline unsigned int ata_id_major_version(const u16 *id)
360 {
361 	unsigned int mver;
362 
363 	if (id[ATA_ID_MAJOR_VER] == 0xFFFF)
364 		return 0;
365 
366 	for (mver = 14; mver >= 1; mver--)
367 		if (id[ATA_ID_MAJOR_VER] & (1 << mver))
368 			break;
369 	return mver;
370 }
371 
372 static inline int ata_id_is_sata(const u16 *id)
373 {
374 	return ata_id_major_version(id) >= 5 && id[93] == 0;
375 }
376 
377 static inline int ata_id_current_chs_valid(const u16 *id)
378 {
379 	/* For ATA-1 devices, if the INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS command
380 	   has not been issued to the device then the values of
381 	   id[54] to id[56] are vendor specific. */
382 	return (id[53] & 0x01) && /* Current translation valid */
383 		id[54] &&  /* cylinders in current translation */
384 		id[55] &&  /* heads in current translation */
385 		id[55] <= 16 &&
386 		id[56];    /* sectors in current translation */
387 }
388 
389 static inline int ata_id_is_cfa(const u16 *id)
390 {
391 	u16 v = id[0];
392 	if (v == 0x848A)	/* Standard CF */
393 		return 1;
394 	/* Could be CF hiding as standard ATA */
395 	if (ata_id_major_version(id) >= 3 &&  id[82] != 0xFFFF &&
396 			(id[82] & ( 1 << 2)))
397 		return 1;
398 	return 0;
399 }
400 
401 static inline int ata_drive_40wire(const u16 *dev_id)
402 {
403 	if (ata_id_is_sata(dev_id))
404 		return 0;	/* SATA */
405 	if ((dev_id[93] & 0xE000) == 0x6000)
406 		return 0;	/* 80 wire */
407 	return 1;
408 }
409 
410 static inline int atapi_cdb_len(const u16 *dev_id)
411 {
412 	u16 tmp = dev_id[0] & 0x3;
413 	switch (tmp) {
414 	case 0:		return 12;
415 	case 1:		return 16;
416 	default:	return -1;
417 	}
418 }
419 
420 static inline int is_atapi_taskfile(const struct ata_taskfile *tf)
421 {
422 	return (tf->protocol == ATA_PROT_ATAPI) ||
423 	       (tf->protocol == ATA_PROT_ATAPI_NODATA) ||
424 	       (tf->protocol == ATA_PROT_ATAPI_DMA);
425 }
426 
427 static inline int is_multi_taskfile(struct ata_taskfile *tf)
428 {
429 	return (tf->command == ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI) ||
430 	       (tf->command == ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI) ||
431 	       (tf->command == ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI_EXT) ||
432 	       (tf->command == ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_EXT) ||
433 	       (tf->command == ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_FUA_EXT);
434 }
435 
436 static inline int ata_ok(u8 status)
437 {
438 	return ((status & (ATA_BUSY | ATA_DRDY | ATA_DF | ATA_DRQ | ATA_ERR))
439 			== ATA_DRDY);
440 }
441 
442 static inline int lba_28_ok(u64 block, u32 n_block)
443 {
444 	/* check the ending block number */
445 	return ((block + n_block - 1) < ((u64)1 << 28)) && (n_block <= 256);
446 }
447 
448 static inline int lba_48_ok(u64 block, u32 n_block)
449 {
450 	/* check the ending block number */
451 	return ((block + n_block - 1) < ((u64)1 << 48)) && (n_block <= 65536);
452 }
453 
454 #define sata_pmp_gscr_vendor(gscr)	((gscr)[SATA_PMP_GSCR_PROD_ID] & 0xffff)
455 #define sata_pmp_gscr_devid(gscr)	((gscr)[SATA_PMP_GSCR_PROD_ID] >> 16)
456 #define sata_pmp_gscr_rev(gscr)		(((gscr)[SATA_PMP_GSCR_REV] >> 8) & 0xff)
457 #define sata_pmp_gscr_ports(gscr)	((gscr)[SATA_PMP_GSCR_PORT_INFO] & 0xf)
458 
459 #endif /* __LINUX_ATA_H__ */
460